2019-2020学年同步译林版英语必修一新教材讲义：UNIT 4 SECTION Ⅱ　LANGUAGE POINTS （WELCOME TO THE UNIT .doc

1、Section Language Points (Welcome to the unit & Reading).单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1A stable(稳定的) government is essential to economic growth.2His encouragement has a magical effect(影响) on children.3The novel which was written by Moyan presents one aspect (方面) of the reform in the countryside.4Many childr

2、en at the school were found to be suffering from inadequate nutrition(营养)5These products may help you to keep slim(苗条)6When nutrients are in short supply the body cannot function properly.7I dont feel energetic enough to rush about，so Ill sit down.8The President was leaving for a fourday official vi

3、sit to Mexico.9As far as I am concerned，a good way to stay healthy is to have a balanced diet.10I got quite frightened when he lost his temper.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1concern n担心；关心 vt.使担忧；涉及；关系到concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的；关注的，关切的2effect n效果，作用；影响effective adj.有效的；生效的3office n办公室；职务official n官员，要员 adj.公务的，公职

4、的；正式的，官方的4frighten v使惊恐，吓唬frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的；令人害怕的5energy n精力，活力 energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的n. aladj.v. ed adj.national adj.国家的，全国性的，民族的traditional adj.传统的musical adj.音乐的accustomed adj.通常的，习惯的addicted adj.上瘾的，有强烈兴趣的disabled adj.残废的，残疾的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1slim down减肥，变苗条2take i

5、n 吸收，摄入，欺骗；使上当3get into shape 强身健体4turn to 求助于5be concerned about 担心，担忧6rather than 而不是7whats more 更为重要的是，更有甚者8pay attention to 注意9keep regular hours 作息有规律.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1Dont be taken in by his charming manner.2Its said that everyone is concerned about the lost boys safety.3I had warned him of t

6、he possible danger，but he didnt pay attention to it.4Well have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the auditorium.5More and more farmers are beginning to turn to organic farming.to作介词的动词短语vt.n.prep.动词短语look forward to期盼pay attention to注意lead to导致take care of照顾catch sight of看见；看到do harm to对有害

7、 背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight.詹妮弗认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的简单方法。a way to do.意为“做某事的方法”Could you give me some advice on the best way to do this? 您能就怎样以最好的方式处理这件事给我提点儿建议吗？2.As this case proves，these socalled “quickfix methods” present an unn

8、ecessary risk to teenagers.正如这个例子所证明的，这些所谓的“速效法”给青少年带来了不必要的风险。as意为“正如”，引导非限制性定语从句As is known to all/As we (all) know，the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。3.It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.青少年轻微超重是正常的，他们没有理由担心。there is no r

9、eason why.意为“没有理由”There is no reason why you shall not do such a thing. 你没有理由不做这种事。 concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；聚集；全神贯注(教材P45)Sometimes she told me she had trouble concentrating in class.有时她告诉我她上课注意力不集中。(1)concentrate on/upon (doing) sth.专心(做)某事concentrate ones mind/attention/energy/efforts on 集

10、中注意力于；全力以赴于(2)concentration n. 集中精力；专心I cant concentrate on my studies with that noise going on.有噪音我不能集中精力学习。You must concentrate your attention on improving (improve) your English.你必须全力以赴提高你的英语。You should concentrate your mind on/upon finishing the homework.你应该集中精力完成作业。联想助记表示“全神贯注于/专心于”的短语还有：focus

11、on/uponbe buried/absorbed/lost input ones heart intopay full attention todevote oneself tofocus/fix ones mind/attention on effect n影响；效果；作用(教材P45)They are increasing their efforts to educate teens about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.他们正加大力度教育青少年减肥过快的副作用。(1)have an effect onhave an in

12、fluence onhave an impact on对有影响put/bring.into effect 使某物开始使用in effect 事实上；实际上take effect 生效；奏效come into effect 开始实施；开始生效side effect 副作用(2)effective adj. 有效的affect v. 影响；感动The new law will not take effect as planned.新的法律不会像计划的那样见效。The new law is said to have come into effect from April.据说新法律已经从四月起开始生

13、效。Great scientific achievements will greatly affect our life as well as society.Great scientific achievements will have a great effect on our life as well as society.重大的科技成果将对我们的生活和社会产生很大的影响。In effect，we feel superior to them.实际上，我们觉得比他们优秀。 diet n节食；日常饮食 vi.节食；进行规定饮食(教材P45)It is important to have a

14、healthy balanced diet.有健康均衡的饮食很重要。a balanced diet均衡的饮食be on a diet/go on a diet 控制饮食put sb.on a diet 使某人节食All you need is enough sleep and a balanced diet.你所需要的是充足的睡眠和均衡的饮食。The doctor advised him to go on a diet to lose weight.医生建议他控制饮食减肥。Youre overweight，and Im going to put you on a diet. 你的体重超重了，必

15、须节食。明辨异同diet，fooddiet指的是日常饮食或特定饮食，尤其指维持健康的定质定量的营养饮食。常用作可数名词，和a连用food是食物的总称。凡是可以充饥的有营养的东西都可以称作food，常作不可数名词；但表示食物的种类时为可数名词 function n作用；功能；职能vi.起作用；正常工作；运转(教材P45)Teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.青少年还在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能正常运转。function as. 起到作用function w

16、ell/properly 正常运转This machine is not functioning properly.这部机器运转不正常。The sofa can also function as a bed.这沙发也可以当床用。 take in包括；摄入；吸收；欺骗；领会，理解；收留(教材P45)If they do not take in enough food，they may feel weak and get ill easily.如果他们没有摄入足够的食物，他们可能会感到虚弱，且很容易生病。写出下列句中take in的含义This is the total cost of the h

17、oliday，taking everything in.包括We are taken in by his promise of quick profit.欺骗I dont take in what you are talking about.理解，明白He was homeless，so we took him in.收留；留宿take away拿开；拿走；解除，消除(痛苦等)take down 拆掉；写下；记录take off 起飞；迅速流行；脱下(衣服)；突然开始成功；拿走；取下；休假take on 呈现；雇用；承担take over 接管；接替take up 拿起；占据；从事；继续；接受

18、There will be many challenges ahead，but I have confidence that Ill take on the burden.尽管前面有很多挑战，但我有信心勇挑重担。Children spent hours watching the planes take off and land.孩子们一连几个小时都在看飞机起飞和降落。When Mr.Green retired，his son took over the business from him.格林先生退休时，他的儿子接管生意。 frightened adj.害怕的，受吓的，惊吓的(教材P47)I

19、was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.上星期四我在医院醒来时很害怕。(1)be frightened of.害怕be frightened at. 对感到惊恐(2)frighten vt. 使惊恐，吓唬frighten sb./sth.away 把吓跑frighten sb.into/out of (doing) sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事(3)frightening adj.令人恐惧的；令人害怕的She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see

20、 if elephants are frightened away.她现在开始把扬声器放到田野里，去观察大象是否会被吓走。The news was frightening and they were all frightened(frighten)这则消息令人恐惧，他们都感到惊恐。They frightened the old lady into signing the paper.他们恐吓那位老太太，使她签了字据。 rather than与其倒不如；是而不是(教材P47)I will pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.

21、我会更注重我的健康而不是体重。(1)rather than连接两个并列成分，意为“而不是”。(2)rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。(3)would do.rather than do.would rather do.than do.prefer to do.rather than do.prefer doing.to doing.宁愿做也不愿做We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。Yo

22、u rather than I are (be) going to go camping.是你而不是我要去野营。She preferred going with us to staying behind.She preferred to go (go) with us rather than stay behind.She would rather go with us than stay (stay) behind.She would go (go) with us rather than stay behind.她宁愿跟我们一起去也不愿留下来。(教材P45)As this case pro

23、ves，these socalled “quickfix methods” present an unnecessary risk to teenagers.正如这个例子所证明的，这些所谓的“速效法”给青少年带来了不必要的风险。【要点提炼】As this case proves是关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容，作prove的宾语。(1)as引导非限制性定语从句时，指代整个主句的内容，置于主句的前、中、后均可，意为“正如”。(2)as作为连词的用法还有：“如同；按照”，引导方式状语从句；“当时候；一边一边；随着”，引导时间状语从句；“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句；“

24、尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词)；引导比较状语从句，常用于as.as.句型，意为“像一样”(第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)。This man，as you know，is good for nothing.这个人，正如你所知道的，一事无成。As I had a fever，I was absent from school.由于我发烧了，我就没去上学。Strange though/as it may seem，nobody was injured in the accident.这次意外虽然显得令人不可

25、思议，却没有人受伤。Einstein，as is well known，is a famous scientist.It is well known that Einstein is a famous scientist. What is well known is that Einstein is a famous scientist.众所周知，爱因斯坦是位著名的科学家。名师点津as在非限制性定语从句中作主语时，通常可用it作形式主语，后接that引导的主语从句或用what引导的主语从句来转换。1(教材P45) In a society where being thin is often s

26、een as being beautiful，teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.【分析】本句是一个主从复合句，where引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a society，其中动名词短语being thin作定语从句的主语，being beautiful作介词as的宾语，主句中不定式短语to slim down quickly作目的状语。【翻译】在一个以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。2(教材P45)Its normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.【分析】本句是一个主从复合句，and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，第一个分句中it是形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语for teenagers to be slightly overweight，第二个分句中why引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason。【翻译】青少年轻微超重是正常的，他们没有理由担心。