2019-2020学年外研版英语必修四同步讲义：MODULE 1 LIFE IN THE FUTURE 2 SECTION Ⅱ　INTRODUCTION .doc

1、Section Introduction & Reading and VocabularyLanguage Points for sure(for certain)肯定地(教材P2)No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business.谁也说不准，并且预测也是件冒险的事。be sure 确信；对有把握be sure to do sth. 一定会做某事；(祈使句)务必make sure 弄清楚；确保(重庆卷)The meeting will be held in September, but nobody knows

2、the date for sure.会议将在九月份举行，但是没有人知道确切的日期。One thing is for sureits not going to be that easy.有一点可以肯定事情不会那么容易。即学即练单句语法填空(2019天津一中期末)They did come to listen to my lecture, but how much did they take in?I dont know for sure.Experts examined the spacecraft again and again to make sure of the safety.John

3、has been working hard these days, so he is sure about/of passing the coming examination.Be sure to pay(pay) attention to protecting the environment and think of others when travelling.(1)可以用It is certain that.结构；但不可以说It is sure that.。(2)be sure of/about/that.表示主语感到“有把握，确信”；be sure to do sth.表示说话人认为主

4、语“一定，必然会”。 run out(某物)用完；不多了；没有了(教材P2)In the future，care for the environment will become very important as earths natural resources run out.在未来，爱护环境将变得很重要，因为地球上的自然资源濒临枯竭。run across偶然遇到run into 撞上； 偶遇run after 追逐； 追求(重庆卷)Food supplies in the floodstricken area are running out.We must act immediately

5、before theres none left.供应洪灾地区的食物快用完了。我们必须在用完之前立刻采取行动。Conditions are getting worse and supplies are running out.情况越来越糟，补给也快耗尽了。即学即练单句语法填空His car ran into the back of another car, which caused much damage.I unexpectedly ran across/into my friend who I hadnt seen for five years on the street the other

6、 day.链接写作一句多译我的钱已经花完了， 因而我买不起这本书。My money has run out/has been run out of/has given out, so I cant afford to buy this book.I have run out of/have used up my money, so I cant afford to buy this book.run out of是及物动词短语， 通常以人作主语， 相当于use up, 表示 “用完； 用尽” ; run out是不及物动词短语，其主语通常是物(时间、食物、金钱等); give out 为不及物

7、动词短语可表示物 “用完” 或人 “筋疲力尽”， 还表示 “发出； 分发； 宣布” 等。 rely on依靠；依赖；信任；信赖(教材P2)We will also have to rely more on alternative energy，such as solar and wind power.我们也将不得不更多地依赖于可替代能源，例如：太阳能和风能。(1)rely on/upon sb./sth. for. 依靠获得rely on sb. to do sth.rely on sb./sb.s doing sth. 依靠某人做某事(2)rely on it that. 相信；指望 (福建

8、卷)Nowadays parents do everything for their single children, which makes the children rely on their parents badly.现在父母给他们的独生子女做任何事情，这使得孩子们非常依赖父母。Dont rely on others. You must rely on yourself.不要指望别人。你必须依靠自己。即学即练单句语法填空(2019天津一中期末)How can we get the plan carried out without anyone supporting us?Maybe w

9、e can rely on Mr White for some help.Nowadays the children rely more on their parents to do/doing(do) everything for them.链接写作一句多译你可以相信你困难时我会帮助你。You can rely on/upon my helping you when you are in trouble.You can rely on/upon me to help you when you are in trouble.You can rely on it that I can help

10、you when you are in trouble. loadn负荷；负担；载重v装，装满，载满；装载(教材P2)To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun，preventing landfill and environmental problems.为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰，城市将用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料发往太阳，防止垃圾填埋和环境问题。(1)load sth.with.load sth.onto/

11、into.把某物装上/进be loaded with. 装满(2)a load of/loads of许多；大量take a load off ones mind解除某人的忧虑(3)unload vt. 卸下 download v/n. 下载 She is under great pressure from heavy study loads.面对沉重的学业负担，她压力很大。She thought she would not be able to bear the load of bringing up her family alone.她认为她无法独自一人担负起养家的重任。即学即练单句语法填

12、空a.How long will it take to load the coal into/onto the truck?bThe workers are loading a truck with the goods.a.Now the middle school students are loaded(load) with heavy homework.bLoaded(load) with so much homework，many students come to be tired of school.cWhen the truck loaded(load) with blankets

13、and supplies arrived, the local people began to unload them.Knowing that they had arrived safely in such foggy weather took a load off my mind. commandnC命令；指令；U指挥，控制；掌握v命令，指挥，支配(教材P2)In the future all shopping will be done online，and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders.将来所有的购物将会在网上进行

14、，商品目录将会有用于订购的语音指令。(1)command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事command that sb.(should) do. 命令某人做(2)have a good command of 掌握，精通in command of 指挥；掌管His command was that we (should) start off immediately.他命令我们立即出发。即学即练单句语法填空a.The boss commanded that all the information (should) be sent(send) to him right away.bThe

15、boss commanded all the information to be sent(send) to him right away.Mr White was in command of that company，after Mr Smith retired. 链接写作完成句子我英语学得很好，因此被选为英语老师的助手。I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. command后接宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，从句的谓语动词用“(should) d

16、o”。有此用法的单词有：一坚持(insist)；二命令(order，command)；三建议(advise，suggest，recommend)；四要求(require，request，demand，desire)。 chargen费用；负责；指控；价钱v要价；索价(教材P2)All forms of recreation，such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city.所有的娱乐形式，例如：电影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他一些形式都将由该

17、市免费提供。(1)in charge (of)主管；负责；照顾in the charge of (in ones charge) 由某人负责，由某人管理take charge of 掌管；负责；看管(2)free of chargefor free 免费(3)charge sb.with sth. 因某事控告某人charge sb. some money for (doing) sth. 就(做)某事向某人收一些钱(福建卷)Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.任何司机如被发现饮酒超限都会被指控。I wonder

18、how much you charge for your services.我想知道你的服务收费多少。The first two are free while the third costs $30.前两项免费，而第三项收费30美元。即学即练单句语法填空The man arrested by the police was charged with stealing.(朗文辞典)Your order will be delivered free of charge within a tenmile limit.链接写作一句多译布莱克先生不在时，由我负责整个工厂。Ill be in charge

19、of the whole factory when Mr Black is away.The whole factory will be in the charge of me when Mr Black is away.Ill take charge of the whole factory when Mr Black is away. attachvt.系；贴；连接；使依恋；重视(教材P2)Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using hightech

20、cameras attached to their head.老年人和身体有残疾的人通过使用绑在头上的高科技的相机就能周游世界。(1)attach sth.to sth. 把附在上，把固定到上attach importance/significance to 认为重要/有意义(2)attached adj. (作表语)依恋的；附属于be attached to 附属于；依恋 Attach a recent photograph to your application form. 在你的申请表上贴一张近照。This middle school is attached to a normal co

21、llege. 这所中学附属于一所师范院校。即学即练单句语法填空On her tenth birthday she received a box of chocolates with a card attached(attach) to it, saying “Happy birthday！”The middle school attached(attach) to Beijing Normal University is wellknown across the country.More and more people attach importance to reducing(reduce)

22、 greenhouse gas emission.链接写作完成句子(天津卷)我的父母一直非常重视让我得到良好的教育。My parents always attach great importance to my getting a good education. “no matter疑问词”引导让步状语从句(教材P2)Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.每个人在出生时都会被给予一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个号码都不会改变

23、。句中no matter where they live为“no matter where(wherever)”引导的让步状语从句。另外，no matter 还可以与when, how, what, who等疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句。(1)“no matter疑问词”引导让步状语从句时相当于“疑问词ever”引导让步状语从句。(2)“no matter疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而“whatever/whichever/whoever”除引导让步状语从句外还可引导名词性从句， whenever和wherever还可以分别引导时间状语从句和地点状语从句。 No matter where/W

24、herever you live, you must learn to get along with others.不管你生活在哪里，你必须学会与他人相处。No matter where/Wherever the historical relics are removed, they are our nations valuable treasures.无论这些历史文物被搬迁到哪里，它们都是我们国家的宝贵财富。即学即练单句语法填空(2018天津卷)The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicy

25、cle race.No matter what happens tomorrow, hold on to today and you wont regret.链接写作完成句子(2019黑龙江哈三中期中)No matter where/Wherever he is(无论他在哪里), he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.(2017北京卷)Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite(无论谁制作出最美丽的风筝)will win a prize in the Kite Festi

26、val.However /No matter how hard he tried (不管他怎么努力), he couldnt get her to change her mind.Well try to give you whatever you want(想要的任何东西)Whoever wants to visit the museum(无论谁想去参观博物馆) must ask our teacher for permission.no matter how引导让步状语从句时后紧跟形容词或副词，然后接从句中的其他成分，即：no matter how adj./adv.主语谓语。 with宾语

27、宾补(教材P2)Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away，with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic. 医生在几千英里以外为病人动手术的远程治疗成为常事，因为每个城市都有自己的远程诊所。句中“with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic”是“with宾语宾补”结构。该结构在句中可作伴随状语、方式状

28、语、原因状语、时间状语等，也可作后置定语。常见的with复合结构：(1)with宾语形容词/副词/介词短语(2)with宾语doing(表主动、进行)(3)with宾语done(表被动、完成)(4)with宾语to do(表将来) He is used to sleeping with the windows open.他习惯于开着窗户睡觉。With the meal over, we all went home.吃完了饭，我们都回家了。Dont stand with your hands in your pockets.站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里。即学即练单句语法填空(浙江卷)Body l

29、anguage can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded(fold) can send out a signal that you are being defensive.The girl felt very safe with her mother standing(stand) behind her.With so much work to do(do), I have no time for a holiday. 在“with宾语宾补”结构中，用不定式作宾补时，常用主动形式表示被动含义。

30、品句填词1Maybe you can come up with an alternative(选择的)suggestion about the location of the new market.2Its my prediction(预测) that he will become an outstanding journalist.3Yesterday the man charged(要价) me 15 yuan for mending the watch.4Coal is the second major natural resource(资源) found in large quanti

31、ties in the United States.5They searched the criminal(罪犯) to see what he had in his pockets.6It is reported that several people in connection with a robbery have been arrested(逮捕)7We were already worn out. To make matters worse, the manager commanded(命令) us to finish the task before dark.8It is advi

32、sable that you should attach(贴) a recent photo of you to your application(申请) form. 单句改错1No one can say for surely what they were talking about because they held the meeting secretly.surelysure2He had to find a job because his money had been run out.在out后加of3You can rely on that our teacher will giv

33、e us help. 在that前加it4Her son was charged for cheating by the police, which made it difficult for her to go to sleep.第一个forwith5Jack went out to play football，with all his homework finishing.finishingfinished 课文语法填空What will the city of the future look like？1.Making (make) predictions is a risky busi

34、ness.One thing is 2.that care for the environment will become very important as earths 3.natural (nature) resources run out.However, there 4.are(be) plenty of things about city life in the future 5.which/that are not certain.Here are some ideas that young people create：Everyone 6.will_be_given(give)

35、 a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.Everyone will do 7.shopping(shop) and place orders online.Doctors will carry out 8.operations(operate) from thousands of miles away and distance surgery will become common.Senior citizens and people 9.with disabilities wil

36、l be able to go anywhere using hightech cameras 10.attached (attach) to their head. 单句语法填空1(2019江苏盐城月考)Im still working on my project.Oh, youll miss the deadline.Time is running out2The boss commanded that the work (should)_be_finished(finish) before 5 pm.3You can take as many books as you like here

37、 for they are free of charge.4In my opinion, more importance should be attached to developing(develop) students ability to solve problems.5I had no alternative but to_report(report) him to the police at once when I found a thief.6He lay in bed, with his eyes fixed(fix) on the roof and wondering what

38、 to do next.7Wherever you go, you will find many kind people who want to help others.8To keep the town clean，the truck loaded(load) with garbage is prevented from entering to town.9(2018北京卷)Traveling(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.10If he promises to do so

39、mething, he will do it, so you can rely on his helping(help) you when you are in trouble. 阅读理解ALife will probably be very different in 2050.First of all, it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050.Instead, people will choose a programme from a “menu” and a computer will send the program

40、me directly to the television.Today, we can use the World Wide Web to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometers away.By 2050, music, films, programmes, newspapers and books will come to us in this way.In many places, agriculture is developing quickly and people ar

41、e growing fruit and vegetables for export.This uses a lot of water.Therefore, there could be serious shortages.Some scientists predict that water could be the cause of war if we dont save now.In the future, cars will run on new, clean fuels and they will go very fast.Cars will have computers to cont

42、rol the speed of them and there wont be any accidents.Today, many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are.By 2050, the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination.Also, by 2050, space planes will fly people from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just two hours.Some big

43、companies now prefer to use robots that do not ask for pay rises or go on strike, and work 24 hours a day.By 2050, we will see robots everywherein factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops and homes.By 2050, we will be able to help blind and deaf people see again and hear again.Nowadays, scienti

44、sts have discovered how to control genes and have already produced clones of animals.By 2050, scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look, how they behave and how much intelligence they have.Scientists will be able to do these things, but should they?【解题导语】本文主要讲到2050

45、年，高科技在信息来源、农业、汽车、太空飞机、机器人及克隆方面带给人们的影响。1By 2050, people will get information mainly by_Awatching TVBreading newspapersClistening to the radio Dturning to a websiteD解析：细节理解题。根据第一段末句“By 2050, music, films, programmes, newspapers and books will come to us in this way.”可知到了2050年， 人们了解信息的方式将会主要依靠网络。2From

46、the second paragraph, we learn that_Athe need for water in the future will increase a lotBfuture wars will lead to an increasing need for waterCthere can be no agriculture without enough waterDthe population will decrease for lack of waterA解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In many places, agriculture is developing q

47、uickly and people are growing fruit and vegetables for export.This uses a lot of water.”可知农业发展迅速， 因而会增加用水量， 所以答案为A项。3Which of the following is NOT a reality at the present time?AScientists have found out how to control genes.BCars have computers which tell drivers their positions.CPeople can learn a

48、bout what has happened anywhere on the Internet.DRobots have completely replaced humans in some factories.D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Some big companies now prefer to use robots that do not ask for pay rises or go on strike, and work 24 hours a day.”可知，虽然有些大公司喜欢使用机器人代替人工作， 但并不意味着机器人已经完全代替人类。而文中也说大规模广泛使用机器人要到2

49、050年， 故D项表述不现实。4Which of the following subjects is NOT mentioned in the passage?AEntertainment. BTravel.CClimate. DHealth.C解析：细节理解题。第一段提到了信息来源，其中提到了人们观赏电影和欣赏音乐，这是“娱乐”话题；第三段涉及交通方式，这涉及人们的出行；末段提到对疾病的治疗，涉及健康。文章未提到气候，故选C项。BThink about the different ways that people use wind. You can use it to fly a kite

50、or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources, as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills(风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East

51、with knowledge of using wind power. For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground. When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote(偏僻的) areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have

52、electric lights and radios. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used. During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity

53、. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means high costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind. 【解题导语】文章介绍风能的发展过程和用途， 并介绍全球已越来越多地使用风力发电， 因为它是清洁环保的能源。5From the

54、 text we know that windmills _Awere invented by European armiesBhave a history of more than 2，800 yearsCused to supply power to electric lights in remote areasDhave rarely been used since electricity was discoveredC解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二、三句可知， 偏僻的地区可以用风车发电， 从而有了电灯和收音机。6What was a new use for wind power i

55、n the late 19th century? ASailing a boat. BProducing electricity. CGrinding wheat into flour. DPumping water from underground. B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote(偏僻的) areas began to use them to produce electricity.”可知， 在19世纪末期， 风车可以用来发电。7On

56、e of the reasons why wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that _Awind power is cleanerBit is one of the oldest power sourcesCit was cheaper to create energy from windDthe supply of coal and gas failed to meet endsA解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the poll

57、ution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity.”可知， 现在重新使用风能是因为它是清洁的。8What would the writer probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? AThe advantages of wind power. BThe design of wind power plants. CThe worldwide movement to save energy. DThe global trend(趋势) toward

58、s producing power from wind. D解析：推理判断题。第三段最后已提出现在全球已越来越多地使用风力发电， 所以下一段应该要进一步推广使用风力发电， 这是一种能源发展趋势。 七选五Although most parents dont like doing it after a long and exhausting workday, reading bedtime stories does make a positive influence on your childs emotional and mental health.1._It helps to develop

59、childrens imagination. Reading bedtime stories can develop your childrens ability to form pictures or ideas in their mind. A healthy imagination makes their minds work well and teaches them to think quickly yet effectively. 2._It improves childrens language. Reading also improves your childrens lang

60、uage. 3._ Theyll most likely use those words in the stories you read right after they hear them. Listening to many stories helps kids to express their opinions better.4_Reading books makes people more learned. When children hear the stories you tell, they learn grammar and vocabulary, for example. I

61、t helps them be successful in school as they already know a lot from your stories. Whats more, every story has its moral aspect and tells them whats good and whats bad. These reasons leave no chances of doubting whether to read bedtime stories to your children or not. 5._ They will thank you in futu

62、re, I promise.AIt makes children knowledgeable. BIt fosters childrens affection for reading. CBedtime stories create just unforgettable moments. DThey remember most words you say and enlarge their vocabulary. ETake a look at the best benefits of it and youll never be lazy to do that. FTheyll be succ

63、essful in many aspects thanks to a wonderful imagination. GSo however tired you are, find time to read bedtime stories to your children. 【解题导语】本文陈述了父母读睡前故事对孩子的未来十分有益。1E解析：根据上文 reading bedtime stories does make a positive influence on your childs emotional and mental health以及下文提及的睡前阅读的好处可知， 空处应填一个承上启

64、下的句子， 故选E项。2F解析：根据本段的小标题“It helps to develop childrens imagination.”可知， 本段主要讲的是给孩子读睡前故事有助于培养孩子的想象力， 故选F项。F项中的“imagination”是关键提示。3D解析：根据本段的小标题及D项中的“most words”与空后的“those words”的对应关系可知， 空处讲的是给孩子读睡前故事在扩大孩子的词汇量方面的作用， 故选D项。4A解析：根据本段的内容， 尤其是第一句“Reading books makes people more learned.”可知， 本段主要讲的是给孩子读睡前故事可以使孩子更为博学， 故选A项。5G解析：根据空后的内容可知， 空处的内容旨在劝说父母抽出时间给孩子读睡前故事。故选G项。