2019-2020学年新外研版高中英语学案：必修1 UNIT 1 第二讲　简单句的五种基本句型.doc

1、第二讲简单句的五种基本句型一、主语谓语知新讲一讲在此句型中，谓语是不及物动词(短语)，不带宾语。例如：My head aches.我头疼。The students are studying in the classroom.学生们正在教室里学习。They have left.他们已经走了。温故知新练一练汉译英1我们努力学习。答案：We study hard.2一轮红日从东方升起。答案：The red sun rises in the east.31939年爆发了第二次世界大战。答案：The Second World War broke out in 1939.4飞机很快就要起飞了。答案：The

2、 plane will take off soon.5那家水果店关门了。答案：The fruit store has closed.二、主语谓语宾语知新讲一讲该句型中的谓语是及物动词(短语)，后面必须跟宾语。例如：I finished reading the book.我读完了这本书。Do you like apples？你喜欢苹果吗？We discussed it at the meeting last week.上周我们在会上讨论过这件事。He decided to buy a computer.他决定买一台电脑。We love China.我们爱中国。They enjoyed thems

3、elves very much last night.他们昨天晚上玩得很开心。Do you remember his telephone number?你记得他的电话号码吗？注意不及物动词与介词连用时，其后也可跟宾语。例如：Ann is waiting for Kate at the school gate.安正在校门口等凯特。He thought about the problem for a while.他把这个问题思考了一会儿。温故知新练一练指出下列句子中的主语、谓语和宾语1She teaches English.答案：Sh teache Englis.2He enjoys listen

4、ing to music.答案：H enjoy .3The teacher corrected her poor pronunciation more than once.答案： correcte more than once.4Story telling has much strength in improving oral English skills.答案： ha much strengt in improving oral English skills.5He has decided to work harder at English.答案：H .三、主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语知新讲一讲

5、英语中有些及物动词能跟双宾语，即间接宾语(指人)和直接宾语(指物)。通常情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。能跟双宾语的动词常见的有：ask, bring, take, buy, cost, fetch, give, hand, pass, lend, offer, pay, save, send, show, teach, tell, write等。例如：Could you pass me the salt? (Could you pass the salt to me？) 请你把盐给我好吗？Uncle Wang made the farmers many machines. (Uncle W

6、ang made many machines for the farmers.)王叔叔给农民们制造了很多机器。Mother bought me a new dress. (Mother bought a new dress for me.)妈妈给我买了一件新连衣裙。The evening dress cost her forty dollars.这件晚礼服花了她四十美元。注意(1)间接宾语后置与for连用的动词有buy, make, cook, get, choose, sing, find等。例如：Uncle Li bought me a birthday present. (Uncle L

7、i bought a birthday present for me.)李叔叔给我买了一件生日礼物。(2)间接宾语后置与to连用的动词有give, lend, teach, take, return, send, pass等。例如：Please pass him a cup of tea. (Please pass a cup of tea to him.)请递给他一杯茶。(3)间接宾语后置既可与for也可与to连用的动词有do, leave, bring等。例如：He brought me a dictionary. (He brought a dictionary for/to me.)他

8、给我带来了一本词典。(4)若直接宾语是人称代词，通常情况下将其置于间接宾语之前。例如：误：Please give me them.正：Please give them to me.温故知新练一练汉译英1他教我们英语。答案：He teaches us English.2请告诉我你的电话号码。答案：Please tell me your telephone number.3这给了我们很大的鼓励。答案：This gave us great encouragement.4这个新方法省了我们不少时间。答案：This new way saved us much time.四、主语谓语宾语宾语补足语知新讲一

9、讲英语中，有些及物动词除能跟宾语外，有时还须加一个补足语，句意才能完整。宾语宾语补足语称为复合宾语。宾语和宾语补足语之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系。例如：We elected Liu Lei monitor.我们选刘磊当班长。The news made him unhappy.这个消息使他很不愉快。You shouldnt let him go there alone.你不应当让他一个人去那儿。I had the bike repaired.我找人把自行车修好了。I feel it very pleasant to be with your family.我感觉跟你们一家人在一起很愉快。Please

10、 keep the classroom clean.请保持教室清洁。温故知新练一练指出下列句子中的宾语和宾语补足语1The sun keeps us warm.答案：The sun keeps u war.2The woman caught her husband reading her diary.答案：The woman caught .3My father saw her steal the money.答案：My father saw he .4I prefer you to stay with us.答案：I prefer yo .5You may leave the child i

11、n my care.答案：You may leave .五、主语系动词表语知新讲一讲此句型中的谓语动词为连系动词，作表语成分的有形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式、介词短语等。常见的系动词有be, feel, taste, smell, sound, seem, look (看起来), get (变), go(变), become (变), turn (变)，come (变)等。例如：The story sounds interesting.那个故事听起来很有趣。Her dream has come true.她的梦想实现了。My books are on the desk.我的书在书桌上。Th

12、e food seems to be nice.这食物似乎不错。Suddenly he became angry.突然他生气了。在使用本句型时，要注意英汉表达的不同，例如：我累了。I tired.I am tired.他在家。He at home.He is at home.这个男孩十二岁了。The boy twelve.The boy is twelve.温故知新练一练.指出下列句子中的主语、系动词和表语1His wish is to become a scientist.答案： i .2The motor is out of order.答案：The_moto i .3The weathe

13、r is getting quite warm.答案： is_gettin quite war.4Silk feels soft and smooth.答案：Sil feel .5The plan sounds perfect.答案： sound perfec.汉译英1老师生气了。答案：The teacher is angry.2学生们都在教室里。答案：The students are all in the classroom.3天慢慢黑了。答案：It is getting dark.4我们的教室又大又亮。答案：Our classroom is big and bright.5他们反对我的建议。答案：They are against my suggestion.