初中英语新人教版七年级下册 Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 知识点（2025春）.doc

1、七年级英语下册Unit 2知识点【Useful expressions】1.be late for 迟到2.arrive on time 准时到达3.in the hallways 在走廊里4.wear the school uniform 穿校服5.keep.clean and tidy 保持 干净整洁6.treat everyone with respect 尊重每个人7.put up ones hand 举手8.in class 在课堂上9.at school 在学校10.have to 不得不 11.across the country 遍布全国12.follow rules 遵守规则

2、13.be good for 对.有好处14.have fun 玩的开心15.lend sb.sth.=lend sth.to sb.把某物借给某人16.of course 当然;自然17.answer the phone 接电话18.turn off 关闭19.thanks for doing sth.因.而感谢20.mobile phone 移动电话21.jump the queue 不按次序排队;加塞22.wait for 等待,等候23.raise ones hand 举手24.leave the class 离开教室25.be absent from class 缺课，旷课26.pu

3、t on your seat belt 系上安全带27.in the library 在图书馆28.keep quiet 保持安静29.make noise 制造噪音30.make sbs/the bed 整理某人的床31.hurry to school 赶紧去学校32.hang out 闲逛;33.on weekdays 在工作日,在平时34.in life 在生活中35.need to do sth.需要做某事36.focus on 将(注意力)集中于.37.build school spirit 树立校风38.think about 思考;思索39.at weekends 在周末40.m

4、ake the world better 让世界变得更美好41.no rules, no order .没有规则，就没有秩序。42.walk the dog 遛狗43.make class rules 制定班级规则44.get along well 相处融洽45.take care of 照顾46.fight with sb.和某人打架47.ask for help 求助48.in the pool area 在泳池区49.take part in activities 参与活动50.welcome to.欢迎来到【Target sentences】1.Walk in the hallway.

5、2.Be polite and treat one another withrespect.3.-Can we bring our phones to class?-No, we cant.We must keep them in our lockers.4.-Can we eat snacks in class?-No, we cant eat in class.We have to eat in the dining hall.5.Dont run!6.Dont litter./You mustnt litter./ Youcant litter.7.My first class star

6、ts at 8:30.2.We have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon.3.We have a break at 10:00 for fifteen minutes.4.Im sorry.I have to answer my phone.5.We mustnt bring our mobile phones to class.6.We have to turn them off and keep them in our lockers.7.Every morning I have to make my bed bef

7、ore breakfast.8.I have to hurry to school because I cant be late for school.9.When Im in school, I mustnt use my phone in class.10.I have to wear the uniform.11.After school, there are even more rules.I have to finish my homework first.12.I can only play basketball after I practice the piano.13.I ca

8、nt hang out with my friends on weekdays.14.You mustnt be late for class.That shows respect for your class and teacher.15.You cant use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning.16.You have to wear uniform because it builds school spirit.【Language points】1.Dont be late for school.Arriv

9、e on time。(1)be late for 迟到(2)arrive v.到达（3）on time 准时，按时2.You have to wear a uniform because it builds school spirit.（1）强调客观上的“不得不；必须”，有人称、时态和数的变化。一般现在时中，第三人称单数用“has to”，过去式用“had to”。其否定形式“dont/doesnt/didnt have to”表示“不必”，如“He doesnt have to go to school today.”（他今天不必去上学。）（2）还可用于各种句式，如疑问句“Do you ha

10、ve to leave now?”（你现在必须离开吗？） 3.Dont use your phone in classDont+动词原形+其他,为祈使句的否定形式，表示“不允许做某事”4.Dont litter.Keep your school clean and tidykeep v.保持；保留;在此作及物动词， “keep + sb./sth.+ adj.”表示“使某人/某物保持某种状态”。My father always keeps me very happy.【拓展延申】与keep相关的短语有：keep away from/keep clear of(使)远离; 避免接近keep in

11、 touch with sb.与某人保持联系keep up with跟上；赶上keep.in mind 把记在心里keep healthy 保持健康keep cool 保持冷静5.Be polite and treat everyone with respect.treat sb with.：用对待某人6.Put up your hand if you want to ask your teacher a question.(1) put up your hand 举手(2)if “如果”引导条件状语从句，主句为祈使句，从句用一般现在时。(3) want to do sth.想要做某事7.I

12、can lend you my pen.“lend” 是动词，意为 “借出；借给”，即将自己的东西暂时提供给别人使用。lend sb.sth.表示 “借给某人某物”，这是一个双宾语结构，“sb.” 是间接宾语，“sth.” 是直接宾语。例如：Could you lend me your pen?（你能把你的钢笔借给我吗？）lend sth.to sb.意思与 “lend sb.sth.” 相同，也是 “把某物借给某人” 的意思。例如：She lent her bike to her friend yesterday.（她昨天把自行车借给了她的朋友。）【拓展延伸】“borrow” 是动词，意为

13、“借入；借用”，即从别人那里暂时拿走某物使用。borrow sth.from sb.表示 “从某人那里借某物” 。例如：I borrowed a book from the library last Monday.（我上周一从图书馆借了一本书。）两者的区别动作方向“lend” 表示 “借出”，是把自己的东西给别人；“borrow” 表示 “借入”，是从别人那里拿东西。固定搭配“lend” 常与 “to” 搭配（lend sth.to sb.）或使用双宾语结构（lend sb.sth.）；“borrow” 常与 “from” 搭配（borrow sth.from sb.）。主语角度“lend”

14、的主语通常是物品的拥有者，即实施 “借出” 行为的人；“borrow” 的主语是借入物品的人。8.They cant bring their mobile to classbring为及物动词，反义词为take(带走)。Bring your ID card to school.把你的身份证带到学校来。He brings me a big cake.= He brings a big cake for me.他给我带来了一个大蛋糕。9.We have to turn them off and put/keep them in our lockers.（1）turn off 是“动词 + 副词”结

15、构的短语，主要用于关闭电器、水龙头等，如“turn off the radio”（关掉收音机）。（2）宾语为名词时，可放在“turn off”中间或后面；宾语为代词时，必须放在中间，如“turn it off”“turn them off”。（3）与“turn”相关的短语还有“turn on”（打开）、“turn up”（调高音量等；出现）、“turn down”（调低音量等；拒绝）等。 10.Can l leave the class if I dont feel well?Can we.? 我们能吗？【用法详解】该句式用于询问是否许可或征求对方同意。Can we eat in the cl

16、assroom?我们可以在教室里吃东西吗？ No, we cant.不，我们不能。11.You have to wear a uniform because it builds school spirit.wear v.穿；戴【用法详解】wear作动词，强调状态。其宾语除衣服、鞋、帽子、手套外，还可以是首饰、眼镜、耳机、胡子、假发、奖章等。You should wear a hat for the party.这次晚会，你应该戴一顶帽子。Dont wear earphones while you are out.当你在外面时不要戴耳机。She always wears a pair of gl

17、asses.她总是戴着一副眼镜。【拓展延伸】put on也可表示“穿；戴”，但它强调动作，指把衣服鞋、袜、帽子、手套等穿上或戴上。Its snowing outside.Youd better put on your scarf.外面在下雪。你最好戴上你的围巾。12.Yes, but you must tell your teacher about it when you have to be absent from class.(1) tell v.“告诉；讲述”tell sb.sth.意为 “告诉某人某事”，是双宾语结构，“sb.” 是间接宾语，“sth.” 是直接宾语。例如：She to

18、ld me the good news.（她告诉我这个好消息。）tell sb.about sth.意为 “告诉某人关于某事”tell sth.to sb.与 “tell sb.sth.” 意思相同，即 “把某事告诉某人”。例如：He told the story to his classmates.（他把这个故事讲给同学们听。）tell sb.to do sth.意思是 “告诉某人做某事”，The teacher told us to finish our homework on time.（老师吩咐我们按时完成家庭作业。）tell sb.not to do sth.表示 “告诉某人不要做某

19、事”。例如：My mother told me not to play computer games too much.（我妈妈告诉我不要玩太多电脑游戏。）（2） be absent from：缺席，如“He was absent from school yesterday because of illness.”（他昨天因病没上学。）13.There are too many rules in my life!“too many” 意为 “太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数形式，中心词是 “many”。There are too many students in the classroom.（教

20、室里有太多学生。）“too much” 也表示 “太多”，但它用来修饰不可数名词，中心词是 “much”。此外，“too much” 还可以作名词短语，在句子中充当主语、宾语等成分；也能作副词短语，修饰动词。Dont drink too much coffee.Its bad for your sleep.（不要喝太多咖啡。这对你的睡眠有害。）；Ive got too much work to do.（我有太多工作要做。）；You eat too much.（你吃得太多了。）（作宾语）；She talks too much.（她话太多了。）（作副词短语，修饰动词 “talks”）14.I ha

21、ve to hurry to school because l cant be late for school.（1）hurry to school：匆忙去学校 （2）be late for：迟到，如“Dont be late for class.”（上课不要迟到。） 15.I can only play basketball after l practise the piano.（1) 作动词，意为“训练；练习”，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，常用于“practise doing sth.”结构，表示“练习做某事”如“practise the piano”（练习钢琴），“practise s

22、peaking English”（练习说英语）。【拓展延伸】practice v. n.练习(1) practice 在此处作动词，其后可以接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。You need to practice English every day.These foreigners are practicing speaking Chinese. (2) practice还可作名词，意为“练习”。Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。Learning English needs practice.学习英语需要练习。16.l cant hang out with my f

23、riends on weekdays.（1） 主要意思是“闲逛；常去某处”，常与“with sb.”连用，表示“与某人闲逛”，如“I like to hang out with my friends on weekends.”（我喜欢在周末和朋友们闲逛。）( 2)在口语中，还可表示“逗留；停留”，如“Dont hang out here too long.”（不要在这里逗留太久。） 17.I know some rules are important.important为形容词，可作表语或定语。常用句型: It is important (for sb.) to do sth.“（对某人来说）

24、做某事是重要的”。Doing exercise is important.做运动很重要。It is an important meeting.这是一次重要的会议。For kids, its very important to stay healthy.对孩子们来说，保持健康非常重要。18.But they can help you to become a better person.(1） 作系动词，意为“变成；成为”，后接形容词或名词作表语，用于描述人或事物的状态、身份等的变化，如“He became rich overnight.”（他一夜之间变得富有了。）“She became a te

25、acher last year.”（她去年成为了一名教师。）(2）可用于进行时态，表示逐渐变化的过程，如“The weather is becoming colder and colder.”（天气变得越来越冷了。）19.You cant use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning.(1) need to do sth.需要做某事（2）focus on：集中（注意力、精力等）于，如“You should focus on your study.”（你应该专注于你的学习。） 20.I cant wear my fav

26、ourite cap either.（1)either 作副词：用于否定句的句末，用逗号隔开，表示“也”，如“I dont like sports, and he doesnt like them either.”（我不喜欢运动，他也不喜欢。） (2) 作形容词：意为“（两者中）任一的”，后接单数可数名词，如“either side of the road”（道路的任意一边）。(3) 作代词：意为“（两者中的）任何一个”，常与“of”连用，后接复数名词或代词宾格，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，如“Either of the books is interesting.”（这两本书中的任何一本都很

27、有趣。） 21.Dont fight with your classmates.fight v.& n.打架；战斗（1）fight在句中作动词，意为“打架”，常用短语：fight with sb.“和某人打架”。Dont fight with the driver in the bus, or youll be punished.在公交车上不得与司机打架，否则你将会受到惩罚。（2）fight作动词，还有“战斗”的意思。They fought against the enemy fiercely.他们与敌人进行了殊死搏斗。（3）fight也可作名词，意为“打架；战斗”，短语have a figh

28、t(with sb.) 表示“（和某人）打架”。Its not right to have a fight with your friend.和朋友打架是不对的。【Grammar Focus】祈使句及情态动词1.祈使句语法概述祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。在祈使句中，通常省略主语you，其肯定形式以动词原形开头，否定形式是在动词原形前加dont。祈使句句尾用句号或感叹号，读时用降调。为表示礼貌，可以在句首或句尾加上please。句末用please时，前面通常加逗号。2.情态动词can,have to与mustHe has to leave school because his family is poor.因为家里穷，他不得不退学。(受客观因素影响)We must do something about it.关于这件事我们必须做点什么。(责任感的驱使)【拓展延伸】以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt或dont have to。Must I leave now? 我现在必须离开吗？Yes, you must./No, you neednt (dont have to).是的，你必须。/不，你不必。6