初中英语新外研版七年级下册Unit 5语法和写作（2025春）.doc

1、七年级英语下册Unit 5语法和写作一、语法（一）形容词、副词“级”的变化规则1.比较级和最高级规则变化形式1)一般形容词、副词比较级加-er;最高级加-est.Eg： small - smaller(比较级) - smallest (最高级）long - longer (比较级) - longest （最高级)2)以不发音e结尾，加-r;-st.Eg: nice - nicer (比较级) - nicest (最高级)3)以重读闭音节（有一个元音字母，元音字母后只有一个辅音字母），双写结尾字母，再加-er;-est.Eg: big - bigger(比较级) - biggest (最高级)h

2、ot - hotter(比较级) - hottest (最高级)4)以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，再加-er;-estEg: happy - happier (比较级) - happiest (最高级)5) 多音节词和有些双音节词，在词前加more; most.Eg: interesting - more interesting (比较级) - most interesting (最高级)2.比较级和最高级不规则变化形式Good/well - better (比较级) - best (最高级)Bad/badly - worse (比较级) - worst (最高级)Many/much - mo

3、re (比较级) - most (最高级)Little - less (比较级) - least (最高级)Far - farther/further (比较级) - farthest/ furthest (最高级)注意：两种变化形式中，前者侧重距离更远/最远，后者侧重程度更深/最深Old - older/ elder (比较级) - oldest/ eldest (最高级)注意：两种变化形式中，前者侧重年龄大或物品旧，后者侧重年长（二）形容词、副词比较级用法1.由表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rat

4、her, any等修饰时，用形容词 或副词的比较级。Eg: It is much hotter today.今天天气更热。2.比较级常见结构:1) A + 动词 + 比较级 + than + B； 译为“A 比 B.”Eg: Our school is bigger than yours. 我们的学校比你们的大。2) the + 比较级.， the + 比较级.； 译为“越.，就越.” Eg: The more books you read, the cleverer you are. 你读的书越多，你会越聪明。3) 比较级 + and + 比较级； 译为“越来越.”注意：若为多音节词，则为m

5、ore and more + 形容词Eg: It gets hotter and hotter. 天气变得越来越热。The girl becomes more and more beautiful. 那个女孩变得越来越漂亮。4) A + 动词 + 比较级 + than any other + 可数名词单数 译为“ A比其他任何都.”Eg: He is taller than any other student. 他比其他的学生更高。5）A + 动词 + less + 多音节形容词原级 + than + B； 译为“A不及B.”Eg: This book is less interesting

6、than that one. 这本书不及那本有趣。6) 表示两者之间进行选择时，用句型：Which/Who + 动词 + 比较级， A or B？Eg: Which fruit do you like better, apples or bananas? 你更喜欢哪种水果，苹果还是香蕉？7) 表示“两者之间较.的一个”时，常用”the + 比较级”结构。Eg: He is the thinner of the two. 他是两个中较瘦的那个。8) 表示“几倍于.”时，用句型：倍数 + 比较级 + thanEg: Your ruler is three times longer than min

7、e. 你的尺是我的三倍长。（三）形容词、副词最高级用法1.表三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。注意：形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词最高级前可不加。Eg: He is the tallest boy in my class. 他是我班最高的男生。He runs fastest in my class. 他在我班跑得最快。2.最高级常见结构:1) A + 动词 + the + 形容词/副词最高级 + of/in/among + 比较范围Eg: He is the tallest of the three boys. 他是三个男生中最高的。2) A + be + one of

8、+ the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数； 译为“A是.中最.之一”Eg: China is one of the strongest countries. 中国是最富强的国家之一。3) 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用句型：Which/Who + 动词 + the + 最高级， A, B or C?Eg: Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing , Shanghai or Fuzhou? 哪个城市最漂亮，北京、上海还是福州？4) A + be + the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 名词单数 + 范围； 译为“第几个最.”Eg:

9、She is the second tallest girl in our class. 她是我们班第二高的女孩。5) 形容词最高级前面可以用形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，但不能加定冠词the.Eg: Lucy is my best friend. 露西是我最好的朋友。二、写作话题：Write a short paragraph of another natural wonder crying for help.* 提示：1.Which natural wonder do you choose?2.What is it like?3.What problem does it f

10、ace?4.What should people do?* 写作步骤定文体(记叙文)、人称(第三人称)、时态(一般现在时)* 范文： Today I will tell you something about the Great Barrier Reef.The Great Barrier Reef is in the northeast coast of Australia.It is the largest coral reef system in the world.It is over 2,300 kilometers.It is home to an incredible diver

11、sity of marine life.There are over 1,500 species of fish, 400 species of coral and 4,000 species of mollusks.However, the Great Barrier Reef is facing significant threats.Climate change, pollution and overfishing are causing coral bleaching and death.These issues have reduced the coral coverage by more than half.We should take some actions to protect it, such as establishing protected areas, limiting fishing activities and reducing pollutant emissions.Lets work together to protect this beautiful underwater world and ensure the Great Barrier Reef continues to thrive for generations to come.3