初中英语新外研版八年级上册Unit 2 Getting along课文解析（C部分）(2025秋）.doc

1、八年级英语上册Unit 2课文解析（C部分）1.Sharing has allowed . 分享允许.【用法讲解】 Allow为动词，译为“允许、容许、准许”。【常见搭配】 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事Allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事Allow doing sth. 允许做某事Allow for 考虑到、体谅Eg: She is allowed to watch TV after school. 她放学后被允许看电视。Please allow me to carry your bag. 请允许我替你拿包。They allowed smoking

2、 in this room only. 他们只允许在这间屋子里吸烟。We should allow for every possible delay. 我们考虑到任何可能的延误。【即学即用】( )1.Passengers are not allowed _ on the plane.A.smoke B.smoking C.to smoke D.to smoking答案：C2.Examples include a fear of heights and a fear of attending social events.例子包括对高度的恐惧和对参加社交活动的恐惧【用法讲解】 attend作为及物

3、动词，译为“参加”，后面必须接宾语，不可单独使用。Eg: Many students attend the annual science fair. 许多学生参加年度科学博览会。【常见搭配】 attend a meeting/ event/ class 参加会议/活动/课程Attend to ones needs 照顾某人的需求Attend on/ upon sb. 照料某人Eg: She attends English classes every Saturday. 她每周六都上英语课。He attended to the needs of the patients. 他照顾病人的需求。Sh

4、e attended on her sick mother day and night. 她日夜照料她生病的母亲。【派生词】 attendance为名词，译为“出席、出勤率”。Eg: Attendance at the conference was high. 会议出席率很高。【易混辨析】 attend, join, join in与take part in的区别attend更侧重于正式或重要的活动或场合的出席；join更强调成为某个组织或团体的一员；Join in侧重于临时性、一次性的参与；Take part in则强调实际参与行为，且通常带有积极意义。Eg: He will attend

5、the meeting tomorrow. 他明天将出席会议。She joined the Army last year. 她去年参军。They joined in the conversation. 他们加入了谈话。We took part in the community service project. 我们参加了社区服务项目。【即学即用】( )1.When did you _ the army?A.take part in B.join in C.attend D.join答案： D3.It is often difficult for people to talk about the

6、ir fears with others.对于人们来说和其他人讨论他们的恐惧通常很困难。【用法讲解】 句式“it is + 形容词 (+for sb./of sb.) + to do sth.”译为“（对某人来说）做某事是.的”。注意：当形容词为形容某人的品格时用of，其它则用for。Eg: It is difficult for me to learn English. 对我来说学英语很难。It is kind of you to help me. 对你来说帮我太善良了。【即学即用】( )1.It is important _ us _ English well.A.for; learn B

7、.for; to learn C.of; learn D.of; to learn答案：1.B 4.Three friends are discussing going on a roller coaster at the weekend.三个朋友正在讨论周末去坐过山车。【用法讲解】discuss为动词，译为“讨论”。 Eg: They are discussing freely. 他们在自由地探讨。【常见搭配】 discuss sth.with sb. 和某人讨论某事Discuss doing sth. 商量做某事Eg: I discussed the matter with my wife

8、.我和妻子讨论了这件事。They discussed selling the house. 他们商量过买房子的事。【派生词】discussion在表示一次讨论活动或讨论等具体意义时为可数名词；在表示抽象意义的讨论或讨论的动作或状态时为不可数名词。Eg: Lets have a discussion about the new project proposal tomorrow. 让我们明天进行关于新工程提案的讨论。【常见搭配】 under discussion 正在讨论中Group discussion 小组讨论Have a discussion with sb.about sth. 和某人讨

9、论关于某事Eg: The new policy is still under discussion. 新政策仍在讨论中。We had a group discussion on the project. 我们就项目进行了小组讨论。We had a discussion with Lily about the importance of English. 我们和丽丽讨论关于英语的重要性。【即学即用】1.Would now be a suitable moment to _ (discussion) my report?答案：discuss5.Three friends are trying to

10、 find out the bravest one among them.三个朋友正在试着找到他们中最勇敢的。【用法讲解】 Try为动词，译为“尝试、试图”；try也可为名词，译为“尝试、努力”。【常见搭配】 try to do sth. 努力做某事Try doing sth. 尝试做某事Try .on 试穿.Try out 试验、试用Try ones best to do sth. 尽全力做某事Have a try 试一试Eg: He tried to finish the work before the deadline. 他在截止日期前尽力完成工作。I want to try swimm

11、ing. 我想尝试游泳。Can I try on these shoes? 我可以试穿这些鞋子吗？They are trying out a new software program. 他们正在使用一款新的软件程序。I will try my best to meet the deadline. 我会尽全力在截至日期前完成。Why not have a try and see if you can do it? 为什么不试一试看看你能否做到呢？among为介词，译为“在.中、.之一”。Eg: There are many talented musicians among the partici

12、pants.参赛者中有很多才华横溢的音乐家。【易混辨析】 between和among区别between通常用于两者之间，常与and连用；among主要用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间。Eg: The gap between the two teams is significant. 两队之间的差距显著。The village is located among the mountains. 村庄位于群山之中。【易混辨析】 find, find out及look for区别find为动词，译为“找到；发现”，强调结果，后面需要跟宾语；Find out译为“发现；查明；了解”，指经过一番努力后才发现结

13、果；Look for 译为“寻找”，强调找的动作Eg: I looked for my ruler everywhere, but I cant find it. 我到处找我的尺，但是我没有找到。The police found out what happened last night. 警察了解了昨晚发生的事。【即学即用】1.Everyone must try his best _ (finish) the task on time.2.This group is still popular _ (among/ between) teenagers.( )3.Journalists work

14、ed hard to _ the truth behind the scandal.A.Look for B.look C.find D.find out答案：1.to finish 2.among 3.D6.However, an uncertain tone might show doubt. 然而，一个不确定的口吻可能表示怀疑。【用法讲解】 uncertain为形容词，译为“不确定的”，在句中常作定语或表语。Eg: The company faces an uncertain future with the market in decline. 随着市场衰退，公司面临着不确定的未来。Th

15、e weather is always uncertain in this area. 这个地区的天气总是多变。【常见搭配】 be uncertain about of/ about . 对.不确定或没有把握In no uncertain terms 直截了当地、毫不含糊地Eg: Im uncertain about my future plans. 我对未来的计划不确定。The manager criticized the employee in no uncertain terms.经理毫不含糊地批评了员工。【派生词】certain为形容词，译为“确定的、无疑的”；Certainly为副词

16、，译为“当然”。Eg: Certain people might disagree with this. 某些人对这事可能不会赞同。She certainly knows whats what. 我当然直到轻重缓急。【常见搭配】 be certain about/ of sth. 对某事确定或确信Be certain to do sth. 一定会做某事For certain 确实、肯定Be certain that从句 对某个事实或情况的确定性Eg: She is certain about her decision. 我对自己的决定很确定。He is certain to win the c

17、ompetition.他一定会赢得比赛。I dont know for certain when he will arrive.我不知道他确切的到达时间。She is certain that he will come. 我确信他会来。【即学即用】1.He seemed _ (certain) whether to agree or refuse.答案：uncertain7.My friends were excited about riding the roller coaster. 我的朋友对坐过山车感到兴奋。【用法讲解】excited也为形容词，译为“感到兴奋的”，常常用来修饰人。【派生

18、词】 exciting为形容词，译为“令人兴奋的”，常常用来修饰事或物。Excitement为名词，译为“兴奋”。【常见搭配】 be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋Be excited to do sth. 对做某事感到兴奋Something exciting 令人兴奋的事Eg: Im excited about this exciting news. 我对这个令人兴奋的新闻感兴趣。Im excited to meet her at the airport.我对在机场看到她感到兴奋。There is something exciting happening in the

19、next room.隔壁房间正在发生一些令人兴奋的事。I really want you to share you my excitement and happiness with me.我真希望你能和我一起分享我的兴奋和快乐。【即学即用】( )1.We were _ about the _ news that she passed the exam.A.excited; exciting B.exciting; excited C.excited; excited D.exciting; exciting答案： A8.Ms.Thomsons suggestions 汤姆森夫人的建议【用法讲解

20、】 suggestion为可数名词，译为“建议”，可以用many, a few等词修饰。Eg: There are many suggestions for improving the workflow. 有许多改进工作流程的建议。【常见搭配】 make a suggestion 提出建议Accept a suggestion 接受建议Eg: May I make a suggestion about the schedule? 我可以对日程安排提个建议吗？They accepted my suggestion to reduce costs. 我们接受了我消减成本的建议。【派生词】 sugg

21、est为动词，译为“建议”。【常见搭配】suggest doing sth. 建议做某事Eg: I suggest going for a walk after dinner. 我建议晚饭后去散步。注意：suggest后接that从句，从句中谓语动词用原形。Eg: I suggest that you ask for advice. 我建议你咨询建议。【知识拓展】Advice为不可数名词，译为“建议”，可以用much, a little等词修饰。【常见搭配】 a piece of advice 一条建议Some advice 一些建议Eg: I need some advice about h

22、ow to learn English. 我需要一些关于如何学英语的建议。【派生词】 advice的动词形式为advise，译为“建议”。【常见搭配】advise sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事Eg: She advised me to go there by bus. 她建议我坐公交车去那。【即学即用】1.He made a valuable _ (suggest) during the meeting.答案: suggestion9.Its important to comfort them. 让他们舒服很重要。【用法讲解】 comfort在表示“舒适感、安慰”这一抽象概念时为

23、不可数名词；comfort在表示“带来安慰的人或物、舒适设施”时为可数名词；comfort还可为动词，译为“安慰、抚慰”。Eg: She found comfort in his words. 他的话给了她安慰。The children were a great comfort to her. 孩子们是她的巨大慰藉。He tried to comfort his crying daughter. 他试图安慰正在哭泣的女儿。【常见搭配】 take comfort in . 从.中获得安慰Comfort zone 舒适区Comfort sb.with sth. 用.来安慰某人Give comfor

24、t to sb. 安慰某人Eg: He took comfort in knowing he had tried his best. 他从知道自己已尽力而为中获得了安慰。Stepping out of your comfort zone helps personal growth.走出舒适区有助于个人成长。She comforted him with a hug. 她拥抱他来安慰他。The kind words gave comfort to the grieving family.贴心的话语给悲伤的家属带来了安慰。【派生词】 comfortable为形容词，译为“舒适的、自在的”；comfo

25、rtably为副词，译为“舒适地、充裕地”。Eg: This sofa is very comfortable. 这张沙发非常舒适。They live comfortably on their savings. 他们靠积蓄过着宽裕的生活。【即学即用】1.The soft cushion provided great _ (comfortable) for her tired back.答案： comfort10.They are usually about two metres wide, or six chi in traditional Chinese unites.在传统的中国单位中，它

26、们通常大约2米宽，或6尺。【用法讲解】 wide为形容词，译为“宽的、广阔的”；wide还可为副词，译为“充分地”。Eg: The road is wide enough for two cars. 这条路足够宽，可以容纳两辆车。She opened her eyes wide in surprise. 她惊讶地睁大了眼睛。【常见搭配】 数词+ meters + long/wide/high .米长/宽/高Eg: The river is 200 meters long. 这条河200米长。【派生词】 width为名词，译为“宽度”；Widely为形容词，译为“广泛地”。Eg: The roo

27、m is very long in proportion to its width. 这房间的长度比宽度大很多。We must publicize he meeting widely. 我们必须广泛地宣扬这次会议。【即学即用】1.Its about 10 metres in _ (wide).答案：width11.When his reply came, they opened it to find a poem inside.当收到他的答复时，他们打开发现一首诗。【用法讲解】 reply还可为可数名词，译为“答复、答案”，其复数形式为replies；reply还可为动词，译为“回答、答复”。

28、Eg: He has got several replies, but hasnt made a final decision. 他收到了几个回复，但还没有做最后决定。He replied that he was not interested. 他回复到不感兴趣。【常见搭配】 reply to . 回复.Make a reply 作出回复Eg: He replied to my email. 他回复了我的邮件。He showed the greatest reluctance to make a reply. 他表示很不愿意答复。【即学即用】( )1.The teacher replied _

29、 my question patiently. A.at B.for C.to D./答案： C12.They stepped back three chi for their neighbour. 他们为邻居退了三尺。【用法讲解】 step为可数名词，其复数形式为steps，译为“台阶、梯级、脚步声、步骤”；step也可为动词，译为“踩、迈步”。Eg: The president took immediate steps to stop the fighting. 总统立即采取措施阻止战斗。He took a step back and held the door open.他后退一步，把门

30、撑开着。Youre stepping on my foot. 你踩到我的脚了。【常见搭配】 take a step 采取措施Step by step 逐步地Step back 退后一步Eg: Wont you take a step into the lions den? 你不准备采取措施走入狮子巢穴吗？The project was completed step by step. 项目一步步地完成。He stepped back to avoid the collision. 他后退一步以避免碰撞。【即学即用】1.There are several _ (step) on the stair

31、case.答案：steps13.As time continues to drift. 随着时间的流逝。【用法讲解】 continue为动词，译为“继续”。Eg: He decided to continue with his plan. 我决定继续他的计划。【常见搭配】 continue doing sth. 继续做某事（同一件事）Continue to do sth. 继续做某事（完成一件事后做另一件事）Eg: After a rest, he continues reading. 休息后他继续阅读。She continued to work after her vacation. 休假后

32、她继续工作。drift为动词，译为“摇摆不定、漂泊”，drift还可为名词，译为“流动、偏航、雪堆、大意”。Eg: The empty boat drifted out to sea. 空船向海上漂去。I didnt intend to be a teacher - I just drifted into it. 我并没想过当老师-只是顺其自然。The logs are drifted downstream to the mill. 原木顺流漂到木材加工厂。He knew the hidden drifts in that part of the river. 他对那段河道中的暗流非常清楚。T

33、he road was blocked by deep drifts of snow. 道路被风吹来的厚厚积雪阻塞。Do you catch my drift? 你明白我的大意吗？【常见搭配】 drift apart 逐渐疏远Drift off 入睡、睡着Drift into sth. 无意间进入、不知不觉陷入、逐渐地Drift away 逐渐消失Eg: As children we were very close, but as we grew up we just drifted apart.孩提时我们亲密无间，但随着年龄的增长我们就逐渐疏远了。I didnt hear the storm

34、.I must have drifted off by then.我没有听见暴风雨，那时一定是睡着了。Finally she drifted into sleep. 最后她不知不觉地睡着了。I drifted into teaching. 我逐渐进入了教书这一行。The sound drifted away. 声音逐渐消失了。【即学即用】1.其他人都散去了，唯有玛丽留下了。The others _ _, Mary stayed.答案：drifted away【即学即用】1.The meeting will c_ until 5 pm.答案：continue14.After reading it

35、, the Zhang family felt ashamed. 在读了信之后，张家人感到很羞愧。【用法讲解】 ashamed为形容词，译为“羞耻的、内疚的、惭愧的”，在句中常作表语或定语。Eg: She felt ashamed after lying to her parents. 她对父母撒谎后感到羞愧。He gave her an ashamed smile. 他给了她一个带着惭愧的微笑。【常见搭配】 be ashamed of . 对.感到羞愧Be ashamed to do sth. 羞于做某事Eg: I am ashamed of my behaviour. 我对我的行为感到羞愧

36、。He is ashamed to admit his mistake. 他羞于承认他的错误。【派生词】shame可为名词，译为“羞愧”，也可作动词，译为“使羞愧”；ashamedly为副词，译为“羞愧地”。Eg: She felt that her failure would bring shame on her family. 她觉得她的失败会使家人蒙羞。Why do you put me to shame with a look? 为什么盯着我使我羞愧呢？He looked at me ashamedly after making a mistake. 他犯错后羞愧地看着我。【即学即用】

37、1.教师不应该让学生因提问而羞愧。Teachers should never make students _ _ _ asking questions.答案：be ashamed of15.In return, they decided to do the same thing. 作为回报，他们决定做同样的事。【用法讲解】 decide为动词，译为“决定”。【派生词】 其名词形式为decision，译为“决定”。【常见搭配】decide to do sth. 决定做某事Decide on/upon sth. 决定某事Make a decision 做决定Eg: We decided to go

38、 to the movies together. 我们决定一起去看电影。She decided upon a career in medicine. 她决定从事医学事业。Finally, they made a decision to go there by plane. 最终，他们做出决定坐飞机去那。【即学即用】1.We will make our _ (decide) and contact the people involved.答案： decision16.Hundreds of years have passed since then, and the lane is still t

39、here.从那之后数百年过去了，这条小巷仍然在。【用法讲解】 hundred前接数字时，不可加s，表示“.百”；hundred后面可接of，此时必须加s，译为“数百的”；hundred修饰名词表示一笔金额时，谓语动词用单数。【常见搭配】 a hundred/ one hundred 一百Two/ three. hundred 二/三.百hundreds of 数百的Eg: There are hundreds of people in the park 公园里有数百人。Two hundred pounds is used for team building. 200美元用于团队建设。【知识拓展

40、】 类似词语拓展Thousand 千； million 百万； billion 十亿注意：用法与hundred用法一致。Eg: A thousand people signed the petition. 一千人在请愿书上签了名。There are millions of people in the city. 这个城市有数百万人。【即学即用】1.There are eight _ (hundred) in our school.答案：hundred17.Whenever they walk down the lane, they remember how kindness encourage

41、s more kindness.每当他们走过这条小巷，就会想起善良是如何鼓励更多的善良的。【用法讲解】 encourage为动词，译为“鼓励”。Eg: I have always encouraged him. 我一直鼓励他。【常见搭配】 encourage sb.to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事Eg: My parents always encourage me to follow my dreams. 我的父母总是鼓励我追随自己的梦想。【派生词】 其名词形式为encouragement，译为“鼓励”Eg: She was given every encouragement to try something new. 她得到充分的鼓励去尝试新事物。【即学即用】1.Our teacher often encourages us _ (speak) English as much as possible.答案：to speak10