北京市2022高考英语一轮复习 练习手册（22）（含解析）新人教版.docx

1、 北京市2022高考英语（新人教版）一轮复习练习手册（22）附详细解析课时作业(二十二)必修5Unit 2 The United Kingdom(限时：35分钟)完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2140题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。 The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. She was _21_1,316 passengers and a crew of 891. Ev

2、en _22_ modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a huge ship. At that time, _23_, she was not only the largest ship that had _24_ been built, but was regarded as _25_, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.(轮船的密封舱) Even if two of these were flooded, she _26_ still be able to float. The _27

3、_ sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy _28_ of life. Four days after setting out, _29_ the Titanic was sailing _30_ the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly _31_ by a lookout. After the alarm had been given,

4、the great ship turned _32_ to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, _33_ missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from _34_, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise ha

5、d been so _35_ that no one thought that the ship had been _36_. Below, the captain _37_ to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been _38_! The order to _39_ ship was given and hundreds of people jumped into the icy water. As the

6、re were not enough lifeboats for _40_, 1,500 lives were lost. 原创，新概念英语3 Lesson 10 The Loss of the Titanic21. A. carryingB. takingC. bringingD. making（原创，考查动词carry 作为“运送”的意思，区别carry 的同义词）22.A. in B. onC. toD. by（原创，考查介词by 作为“依照，按照”）23.A. butB. becauseC. thereforeD. however（原创，考查连词however用法）24.A. only

7、B. stillC. everD. even（原创，考查副词ever用法，用在完成时态中）25.A. uncomfortableB. unbearableC. unsinkableD. unbelievable（原创，考查形容词unsinkable 意思“不会沉没的”，根据下文可知）26.A. willB. would C. shouldD. could （原创，考查情态动词would 用法）27.A. tragicB. fortunateC. unsuccessfulD. amusing（原创，考查形容词tragic意思，根据全篇故事可知）28.A. harmB lossC. damageD

8、. suffering（原创，考查名词loss 用法，“损失”）29.A. whenB. whileC. untilD. though（原创，考查连词while 用法）30.A. alongB. overC. onD. across（原创，考查介词across“横穿，穿过”用法）31.A. spottedB. recognizedC. exposedD. uncovered（原创，考查动词spot“发现”）32.A. sharplyB. directlyC. deeplyD. hugely（原创，考查副词sharply “迅速地，突然地”）33.A. suddenlyB. narrowlyC.

9、 immediatelyD. slightly（原创，考查副词narrowly“勉强”）34.A. aboveB. underC. besideD. below（原创，考查副词below，根据下文down 可知）35.A. faintB. smallC. slimD. tiny（原创，考查形容词faint“微弱的”，根据上文slight trembling sound 可知）36.A. destroyedB. ruinedC. damagedD. hurt（原创，考查动词damage “部分损坏”）37.A. realizedB. achievedC. confirmedD. proved（原

10、创，考查动词realize“意识到”）38.A. challengedB. protectedC. removedD. flooded（原创，考查动词flood“进水”，根据上文可知，flood作为名词“洪水”学生较熟悉）39.A. abandonB. advanceC. absorbD. absolute （原创，考查动词abandon “遗弃”）40.A. somebodyB. anybodyC. everybodyD. nobody（原创，考查代词everybody, not everybody 部分否定）完型填空：2125 ADDCC 2630 BABBD 3135 AABDA 364

11、0 CADAC*结束.单项填空1My daughter mastered Japanese in less than two years.Did she？She _ have a gift for languages.Acan Bmight Cshould Dmust2The two men discussed and came to _ conclusion that the helicopter would take _ place of a car some day.A/; / Ba; the Ca; / D/; the3Im trying to break the _ of getti

12、ng up too late.Atradition BconvenienceChabit Dleisure4The teacher stressed again that the students should not _ any important details while retelling the story.Abring out Blet outCleave out Dmake out5Peter _ under the pressure of his position and was unable to work for a year.Asettled down Bbroke do

13、wnCpassed away Dbroke out6He received a set of china yesterday from his parents _ sixty pieces.Aconsisted of Bconsisting ofCconsist of Dto consist of7Shes going to have problems finding a job _ she has a doctors degree.Aif Beven if Cas Dsince8I hear that you will be on travel again.Yeah.My boss _ fo

14、r me to discuss business details with someone from another company.Aasked Barranged Csent Dcalled9When did you find your pocket _？It was when I was going to work by bus. Ato pick Bto be pickedCpicked Dpicking10Sorry，but I cant visit you tomorrow.Come whenever it is to your _Apreference BpleasureCcon

15、venience Dconnection11Mrs.White said that she would treasure the most _ time she had ever had.Apositive BenjoyableCmiserable Dunbelievable12How many people attended the exhibit?_ speaking，about 200.I didnt count.AStrictly BRoughlyCGenerally DHonestly13The traveler _ us with his stories，most of which

16、 happened in the war and were full of great adventures.Athrilled BinfluencedCchallenged Dencouraged14It is _ the kings credit that he is against the establishment of a new political party.Aon Bto Cin Dfor15Nobody wanted to _ matters for him though everyone knew that he was blameless.Asolve Bclarify

17、Chandle Dset about.阅读理解AAmerican children arent the only couch potatoes with nearly one third of children globally spending three hours a day or more watching TV or on computers, according to the study of over 70，000 teens in 34 nations.From Argentina to Zambia, Regina Guthold of the World Health Or

18、ganization in Geneva and her colleagues found most children werent getting enough exercise and that it made no difference if they lived in a rich or a poor country.“With regards to physical activities levels, we did not find much of a difference between poor and rich countries，” Guthold said.“Growin

19、g up in a poor country does not necessarily mean that kids get more physical activities.”The study was published in The Journal of Pediatrics, looking at 72，845 schoolchildren aged 13 to 15 from North and South America, Asia, Europe，and the Middle East. The children were surveyed between 2022 and 20

20、22.The researchers defined adequate physical activity as at least an hour of exercise outside of gym class at least five days a week. Children who spent three or more hours a day watching TV，playing computer games, or chatting with friendsaside from time in school or time spent doing homeworkwere cl

21、assified as sedentary.The researchers found only one quarter of the boys and 15 percent of the girls were getting enough exercise by these definitions. A quarter of boys and nearly 30 percent of girls were sedentary and didnt get enough exercise with girls less active than boys in every country asid

22、e from Zambia.Uruguay had the highest percentage of active boys, at 42 percent, while Zambia had the lowest, at 8 percent. Girls from India were the most active, with 37 percent meeting exercise recommendation, while girls from Egypt were the least active, with just 4 percent getting adequate exerci

23、se. Children in Myanmar were the least sedentary, with 13 percent of boys and 8 percent of girls classified as sedentary. The most sedentary nations were St. Lucia and the Cayman Islands, with 58 percent of boys and 64 percent of girls spending at least three hours a day in sedentary activities.Peop

24、le show deep concern for kids lack of physical activity in various nations. Why do they have a low level of physical activity? Guthold speculated(推测)that urbanization(都市化) could be a factor as well as access to cars and TVs.16If you are sedentary, you_Aare a diligent student spending much time doing

25、 homeworkBhave at least an hour of exercise outdoors every dayClike watching TV and playing computer gamesDspend a lot of time sitting down and not moving17Which statement is TRUE about the finding of the study, led by Regina Guthold?AMost children around the world dont meet the exercise recommendat

26、ion.BGirls in every country are no more active than boys.CChildren in rich countries relatively get less physical activities.DOnly 4 percent of the girls from Egypt are not active in exercise.18Which could be the best title of the passage?AAmerican children are addicted to TVs and computersBNearly o

27、ne third of children globally are couch potatoesCEffects of physical activities on healthDUnimaginable standard of physical health19What would the writer be most likely to discuss in detail in the following paragraphs?AThe suitable amount of physical activities for students.BSome of the factors for

28、the popularity of cars and TVs among the kids.CThe reasons behind the lack of physical activities.DThe ways to make the most of physical activities.BOur lives were supposed to be more flexible and familyfriendly thanks to the technology at our fingertips. But in this age of BlackBerrys, recession pr

29、essures, working at home after hours and on weekends, family time may not be working out the way we thought.Busy parents who expected more time with the kids are finding that more work hours at home dont necessarily translate into quality time with them.A new generation of parents need to discover t

30、he meaning of “quality time”， researchers say. “Personally, just given the life I lead, I think there is something to this idea of quality timespending productive time with children vs. just being around，” says Peter Brandon, a professor at Carleton College. He says engaging or interacting with a ch

31、ild in activities such as reading or playing counts as quality time rather than “passive monitoring”， such as washing the dishes while the child is watching TV.“This_time_with_children_pays_off，” Brandon says. He notes that good parentchild relationships result in children being happier and more suc

32、cessful, including at school.As parents struggle to be more available to their kids, new research on work and family schedules to be presented Friday at the meeting in Dallas includes a study that shows parents availability is on the decline because more parents are in the workforce. Although parent

33、s today may be spending more time on child care, they are less available overall.Working parents who spend less time with their children should try to make sure the time they do spend is communicating with them, vs. doing the dishes or spending more time on themselves, Brandon says “The tradeoff is

34、not necessarily taking away time from your kid，” he says, “Youre taking away time from other things.”20The first paragraph mainly intends to tell us that _Atechnology lets parents work at homeBparents are satisfied with their workCtechnology makes our lives much easierDthe family time is not always

35、satisfying21We can learn from the third paragraph that _Asome families are not experiencing quality timeBits enough for parents to stay with their childrenCparents enjoy engaging in workathome activitiesDworking hours at home can transform into quality time22According to Brandon, the quality time me

36、ans _Ajust being around with childrenBwork time is separate from family timeCspending interactive time with childrenDletting the children do whatever they want to do23The underlined sentence “This time with children pays off” means_Athe time with children is of little valueBthe time with children co

37、sts quite a lotCthe time with children leads to good resultDthe time with children has a bad effect on them24What will the author most probably talk about in the next part of the passage?AHow to spend more time at home.BHow to do the dishes in a proper way.CHow to spend more time in working at home.

38、DHow to take away time in a much proper way.短文填词Id like to tell you something that I experienced in the City Park. 25._ the afternoon of last Sunday, my friend and I were taking a walk along a river in the City Park 26._ suddenly we heard a boy 27._ (喊) for help in the river. We jumped into the rive

39、r and 28.p_ the boy out. Then we made him 29.b_ using the mouthtomouth way. After the boy came to 30._， we sent him to hospital at once and 31.t_ his parents. The boy was saved. His parents were very 32._ (感激) to us and the doctors thought 33._ of our first aid. We realized that knowing first aid is

40、 helpful and important because it can help you to save 34.l_.参考答案课时作业(二十二).1.D考查情态动词。不到两年就学会了日语，那“一定(must)”很有语言天赋。2B考查冠词。come to a conclusion得出结论；take the place of代替。3C考查名词。句意：我正试图改掉起床太晚的习惯。habit：a thing that you do often and almost without thinking，especially sth.that is hard to stop doing 习惯。4C考查动

41、词短语辨析。leave out“漏掉”；bring out“使显示；出版；生产；说出”；let out“放掉，泄露；放大；出租”；make out“书写，声称；理解；辨认出”。由句意可知选C。5B考查动词短语辨析。句意：Peter不堪工作之负病倒了，一年不能上班。break down在此意为“身体出毛病”。settle down定居，平静下来；pass away去世；break out突发，爆发。6B考查动词短语用法。句意：他昨天从他父母那里收到六十件一套的瓷器。a set of china与consist of之间为逻辑上的主动关系，所以要用动词ing形式作定语，相当于定语从句which c

42、onsists of。7B考查连词。句意：即使她有博士学位，找工作也将遇到一些困难。even if即使，在此引导让步状语从句。8B考查动词辨析。arrange for sb.to do sth是固定用法，表示“安排某人做某事”。其他三项均无此用法。9C问句句意：你什么时候发现你的口袋被掏了？本题考查过去分词作宾补。10C考查名词辨析。答句句意：你什么时候方便就什么时候来。convenience方便，便利。preference偏爱；pleasure快乐，高兴；connection连接。11B考查形容词辨析。由宾语从句中的she would treasure可知，是一段“令人愉快的(enjoyab

43、le)”时光。12B考查副词辨析。roughly speaking粗略地说。strictly speaking严格地说；generally speaking通常，一般说来；honestly speaking老实说。由I didnt count.可知应选B项。13A考查动词辨析。根据happened in the war and were full of great adventures可知旅行者的经历使我们惊骇(thrilled)不已，故选A项。14B考查介词。to ones credit为固定短语，意思是“值得赞扬”，故选B项。15B考查动词(词组)辨析。solve，handle和set a

44、bout都是“解决”之意，而clarify意思是“澄清；阐明”。句意：没有人想为他澄清事情的真相，虽然每个人都知道他是无过错的。.A一项面向34个国家7万多名青少年开展的调查显示，全球近三分之一的儿童每天看电视或玩电脑的时间达到三个小时甚至更多。16D推理判断题。第三段提到：除了在学校或做作业的时间外，每天看电视、玩电脑游戏或上网聊天的时间超过三个小时的孩子被定义为“久坐不动的”。由此推断，如果你被认为是“sedentary”，你就是大部分时间坐着不动的人。17A推理判断题。根据第二段内容“多数儿童都缺乏锻炼，而且这和他们生活在富国和穷国没有多大关系”及该段提及的调查的范围可推知A项“全球大多

45、数儿童没有达到建议活动量”是正确的。B项可根据第四段末尾排除；C项可根据第二段前三句排除；D项可根据第五段第二句的后半句排除。18B主旨大意题。第一段是全文的中心，根据第一段内容“一项面向34个国家7万多名青少年开展的调查显示，爱坐在电视机前的并非只有美国儿童，全球近三分之一的儿童每天看电视或玩电脑的时间达到三个小时甚至更多”，由此可知B项正确。19C篇章结构题。最后一段提到：人们对各国儿童缺乏身体锻炼表示极大的关注，Guthold分析，除汽车和电视的普及外，都市化也是造成儿童缺乏身体锻炼的一个因素。由此推断接下来作者很可能会详细地讨论儿童缺乏身体锻炼背后的原因。B文章讲述了什么才是真正的有质

46、量的家庭时间，以及有质量的家庭时间有什么好处。20D推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，大多数人用在家庭生活的时间有时候不尽如人意。21A推理判断题。根据第三段可知有的人没有理解quality time的意义，以为跟孩子在一起看管孩子就可以了。22C推理判断题。根据第三段可知，和孩子度过有质量的家庭时间要采取积极的互动方式。23C词义推断题。pay off 意为“会有回报的”，此处指的是会带来好的结果。根据后面的“He notes that good parentchild relationships result in children being happier and more succ

47、essful, including at school.”可知C项正确。24D推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Youre taking away time from other things.”可知，后文讲述的就是关于take away time from other things的内容。 .25.On26.when27.calling28.pulled29.breathe30himself31.telephoned32.grateful(thankful)33highly34.lives 课后阅读-Too high a price? 代价太高？Pollution is the price we

48、 pay for an overpopulated, over industrialized planet. When you come to think about it, there are only four ways you can deal with rubbish: dump it, burn it, turn it into something you can use again, attempt to produce less of it. We keep trying all four methods, but he sheer volume of rubbish we pr

49、oduce worldwide threatens to overwhelm us.Rubbish, however, is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. The need to produce ever-increasing quantities of cheap food leads to a different kind of pollution. Industrialized farming methods produce cheap meat products: beef, pork and chicken. Th

50、e use of pesticides and fertilizers produces cheap grain and vegetables. The price we pay for cheap food may be already too high: Mad Cow Disease (BSE) in cattle, salmonella in chicken and eggs, and wisteria in dairy products. And if you think youll abandon meat and become a vegetarian, you have the

51、 choice of very expensive organically-grown vegetables or a steady diet of pesticides every time you think youre eating fresh salads and vegetables, or just having an innocent glass of water! However, there is an even more insidious kind of pollution that particularly affects urban areas and invades

52、 our daily lives, and that is noise. Burglar alarms going off at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle. Car alarms constantly scream at us in the street and are a source of profound irritation. A recent survey of the effects of noise revea

53、led (surprisingly?) that dogs barking incessantly in the night rated the highest form of noise pollution on a scale ranging from 1 to 7. The survey revealed a large number of sources of noise that we really dislike. Lawn mowers whining on a summers day, late-night parties in apartment blocks, noisy

54、neighbors, vehicles of al kinds, especially large container trucks thundering through quiet village, planes and helicopters flying overhead, large radios carried round in public places and played at maximum volume. New technology has also made its own contribution to noise. A lot of people object to

55、 mobile phones, especially when they are used in public places like restaurants or on public transport. Loud conversations on mobile phones invade our thoughts or interrupt the pleasure of meeting friends for a quiet chat. The noise pollution survey revealed a rather spurring and possibly amusing ol

56、d fashioned source of noise. It turned out to be snoring! Men were found to be the worst offenders. It was revealed that 20% of men in their mid-thirties snore. This figure rises to a staggering 60% of men in their sixties. Against these figures, it was found that only 5% of women snore regularly, w

57、hile the rest are constantly woken or kept awake by their trumpeting partners. Whatever the source of noise, one thing is certain: silence, it seems, has become a golden memory.污染就是我们为这个人口过密，过度工业化的星球所付出的代价。当我们开始考虑垃圾问题时，我们只有4种对付垃圾的方法：倾倒、焚烧、把垃圾变成再生材料或试图少产生一些垃圾。我们一直在试这4种方式，但是，我们在世界范围内仅产生的垃圾的量就有把我们覆盖的危险

58、。然而，垃圾只是我们这个星球的污染问题的一个方面。日益增长的对廉价食物的需求导致了另一种形式的污染。工业化的农作方式生产出廉价的肉类制品牛肉、猪肉和鸡肉。使用杀虫剂和化肥生产出廉价的谷物和蔬菜。为了廉价食物我们付出代价已经太高了：牛肉中的疯牛病，鸡肉和鸡蛋中的沙门氏菌，奶制品中的利斯特杆菌。如果你想放弃肉类而变成一位素食者，那么你可以两者择一：或是选用价格昂贵、有机培植的蔬菜，或是当你认为在享用新鲜色拉和新鲜蔬菜或饮用一杯无害的水的时候，实际上每次都不断吃进杀虫剂。 但是，还有一种更加隐蔽有害的污染，它专门影响城镇地区，侵袭我们的日常生活，那就是噪音。防盗警报器在白天和黑夜的任何时候都会响起来

59、，它的作用只是骚扰过路行人，而实际上却帮助窃贼入室行窃。在街上，汽车的防盗警报不断对我们吼叫，这是人们极度烦燥的一个原因，最近一个有关噪音的作用的调查（令人吃惊地）指出，夜间连续不断的狗叫声，在一个从1级至7级刻度表上应列为最严重的噪间污染。这个调查揭示了我们所不喜欢的大量的噪间的来源：夏天呜呜作响的割草机，公寓楼里深夜聚会的喧哗声，大声吵闹的邻居，各式各样的车辆，特别是穿越寂静的村庄的集装箱卡车，从头顶飞过的飞机和直升机，被带到公共场所、音量开到最大的大功率收音机。新技术也为噪音作了它的贡献。许多人都反对移动式电话，特别是在如饭店，公共交通车等公共场所使用移动电话。用移动电话大声交谈干扰我们的思路，破坏我们和朋友在一起轻声聊天所得到的乐趣。这个有关噪音的污染调查还揭示了一种出人意外而同时可能会引人意外而同时可能会引人发笑的老式噪音源。它竟然是鼾声。人类是这方面的罪魁祸首。调查指出，20%的35岁左右的男人打鼾；而到60岁这个年龄段，这个数字上升到令人惊愕的60%。与这些数字相比，只有5% 的女性经常打鼾；而其余则经常被与她们同睡、像吹号似地打着呼噜的男人吵醒或弄得睡不着。不管噪声来自何方，有一点是肯定的：看来寂静已变成一种珍贵的回忆。*结束 11