北京市东城区2023届高三英语一模试卷（Word版附解析）.docx

1、北京市东城区2022-2023学年度第二学期高三综合练习(一)英语2023.3本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Bernard, the 82-year-old retired police officer, was heartbroken when he _1_ his precious medal. Hi

2、s house was broken into last December. The thief took away some jewelry, some cash and his treasured medal given for his 32 years of _2_ with Liverpool Police Station. He believed the medal was gone forever.Three months later, David, a young volunteer pulled the medal from a river in a “one-in-a-mil

3、lion” catch. The young man was in a litter clean-up programme in Liverpool. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) to _3_ metal rubbish out of the river for 30 minutes when he found a small blue metal box.“I would have never found the medal if we hadnt _4_ all the rubbish in the river first,” said Da

4、vid. “At first, we found old bits of shopping carts and other metal items but about half an hour later, I pulled out the _5_ , and its got Police Long Service Medal written on it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆).”_6_ , the medal was carved with Bernards name and the medal num

5、ber, which David used to _7_ the seniors phone number online. The retired police officer was _8_ when he received a call saying the medal had been found in a river, still in its metal box. And when he was told it would be _9_ to him by the young man who found it, his face lit up. David then planned

6、a visit to meet Bernard and returned the medal to him.“This was truly the best _10_ for cleaning up that rubbish. Its amazing,” David said.1. A. damagedB. lostC. soldD. dirtied2. A. businessB. communicationC. cooperationD. service3. A. netB. siteC. cupD. fish4. A. tackledB. desertedC. recycledD. bur

7、ied5. A. magnetB. rubbishC. boxD. jewelry6. A. ApparentlyB. ThankfullyC. GraduallyD. Consequently7. A. trackB. recallC. recordD. dial8. A. nervousB. astonishedC. proudD. embarrassed9. A. awardedB. submittedC. presentedD. addressed10. A. driveB. proofC. wishD. reward【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B

8、7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D【解析】【导语】本文为一记叙文。退休警察贝尔纳家遭小偷光顾，丢失的物件包括他珍贵的勋章，三个月后，利物浦参加垃圾清理计划的志愿者大卫在河道清理时，意外打捞到装有勋章的盒子，并按照上面的信息，找到了他，并交还给了他。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝尔纳是一名82岁的退休警察，他失去了珍贵的勋章，伤心欲绝。A. damaged损坏；B. lost丢失；C. sold出售；D. dirtied弄脏。根据第一段“The thief took away some jewelry, some cash and his treasured medal given

9、 for his 32 years of _2_ with Liverpool Police Station. (小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局工作32年而获得的珍贵勋章。)”可知，小偷偷了贝尔纳的勋章，所以贝尔纳失去了（lost）勋章。故选B项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局任职32年而获得的珍贵勋章。A. business业务；B. communication沟通；C. cooperation合作；D. service服务。根据句中的his treasured medal given for his 32 years可知，这个

10、勋章是因为他多年的工作而得到的，此处考查名词serve，意为“长期、受到敬重的工作，效劳，服务”，常用名词短语service with，意为“在任职，工作”，故选D项。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。A. net净赚；B. site使坐落在；C. cup做成杯状；D. fish搜寻，摸找。此处考查动词短语fish sth out of sth，意为“从中取出，拿出，拖出”，根据上一句“The young man was in a litter clean-up programme in Liverpool. (这名年

11、轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。)”，磁铁可以吸附一些金属，故这位年轻人用磁铁吸附河道里的金属垃圾，以清理河道。故选D项。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们没有先处理河里的所有垃圾，我永远不会找到勋章。A. tackled处理；B. deserted遗弃；C. recycled回收；D. buried掩埋。根据上文“The young man was in a litter clean-up programme in Liverpool. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) to _3_ metal rubbish out of the riv

12、er for 30 minutes when he found a small blue metal box. (这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。)”可知，这个垃圾清理计划包括了清理河道里的金属垃圾，tackled符合语境。故选A项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们发现了购物车和其他金属物品的旧碎片，但大约半小时后，我拽出一个盒子，上面写着“警察长期服务勋章”，真的就像大海捞针一样。A. magnet磁铁；B. rubbish垃圾；C. box盒子；D. jewelry珠宝。根据下文“The reti

13、red police officer was _8_ when he received a call saying the medal had been found in a river, still in its metal box. (当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。)”可知，勋章存放在盒子（box）里。故选C项。【6题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A. Apparently显然；B. Thankfully谢天谢地；C. Gradually逐渐；D. Con

14、sequently因此。能够通过勋章上的信息找到失主，是一件庆幸的事，Thankfully符合语境。故选B项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A. track追查；B. recall回想起；C. record记录；D. dial拨号。句中的the medal was carved with Bernards name and the medal number可知，勋章上的信息方便David追查（track）到失主的电话号码。故选A项。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：(当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在

15、河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。A. nervous紧张的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. proud骄傲的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据第一段最后一句“He believed the medal was gone forever. (他以为奖章永远消失了。)”可知，原本伯纳德认为，勋章再也找不回来了，但现在有人打电话告知勋章的下落，他惊讶，在情理之中。故选B项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他被告知发现它的年轻人将把它交给他时，他的脸上露出了笑容。A. awarded授予；B. submitted屈服；C. presented提交，交给；D. ad

16、dressed致辞。根据下文“David then planned a visit to meet Bernard and returned the medal to him. (随后，大卫计划去拜访伯纳德，并把奖章还给了他。)”可知，David不但找到了失主，还亲自把勋章交给了（presented）他。故选C项。10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实是清理垃圾的最好回报。A. drive驱动；B. proof证明；C. wish愿望；D. reward奖励，回报。根据下文“Its amazing (这事令人惊奇)”，上文“I pulled out the _5_ , and its go

17、t Police Long Service Medal written on it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆). (我拽出一个盒子，上面写着警察长期服务勋章，真的就像大海捞针一样。)”可知，清理河道金属垃圾的过程中，意外发现勋章，并归还失主，实属意料之外的好事，reward符合语境。故选D项。第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。On a particular sun

18、ny day, little Mykel was determined to learn to ride his bike without the help of training wheels. When the neighborhood kids _11_ (spot) Mykel shakily controlling his bike, they raced over _12_ (help). Some held the bike steady while others offered encouragement. Mykel was not alone as he tried to

19、reach his goal of learning to ride his bike! Some things are _13_ (easy) said than done. However, with a little help from friends, things go better!【答案】11. spotted 12. to help 13. easier【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Mykel学习骑自行车时得到周围孩子的帮助的故事。【11题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：当邻居的孩子们发现Mykel摇摇晃晃地控制着他的自行车时，他们跑过去帮忙。根据上文的时间状语“On

20、 a particular sunny day”及主句中的“raced”可知，文章是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填spotted。【12题详解】考查动词不定式。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to help。【13题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：有些事说起来容易做起来难。根据than可知此处应用形容词比较级。故填easier。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Renewable methods for _14_ (produce) electricity,

21、such as wind turbines and solar panels, can only provide power on the days _15_ wind blows or the sun shines. Electric batteries _16_ (use) to store energy are expensive and can also be polluting. Finnish scientists came up with a simple solution that puts unwanted green electricity to work, heating

22、 100 tons of sand to around 500. The sand stays hot for months; when energy _17_ (require), air can be pumped through it and heated up. The air in turn heats a system that supplies hot water to heat nearby houses.【答案】14. producing 15. when 16. used 17. is required【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了芬兰科学家提出的一个利用

23、沙子的可再生发电方式。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：可再生发电方法，如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板，只能在有风或有太阳的日子里提供电力。空前为介词for，故空处需要填动名词doing的形式构成“介宾”结构。故填producing。【15题详解】考查定语从句。句意：可再生发电方法，如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板，只能在有风或有太阳的日子里提供电力。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句，修饰先行词the days，表“时间”，从句中不缺主、宾、表和定语，故填关系副词。故填when。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：用来储存能量的电池价格昂贵，而且会造成污染。本句已有动词are,且空处没有连词，所以空处需用

24、非谓语动词；动词与空前名词之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故填used。【17题详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：当需要能量时，空气可以通过它来加热。结合句意可知，此处为陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时态即可；动词require和单数主语energy为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态be done的形式。故填is required。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The idea of writing a poem might feel frightening _18_ (initial)do

25、you need to follow a certain structure does it need to have a rhyme, or do you need to have recited a dictionary to be a “proper” poet? The truth is: absolutely not. While there are “types” of poem that offer structure to serve _19_ a guide, the reality is that poetry doesnt have to follow a set of

26、rulesits much more about conveying a feeling, and that opens up a lot of creative _20_ (free) for us to explore.【答案】18. initially 19. as 20. freedom【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了写诗让人害怕的原因，并解释道，诗歌不需要遵循“死板”的规则。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：一开始写诗的想法可能会让人害怕你是否需要遵循某种结构，它是否需要押韵，或者你是否需要背诵一本字典来成为一个“合适的”诗人？分析句子可知，空处去掉后不影响理解，故需要填

27、副词的形式作状语。故填initially。【19题详解】考查固定短语。句意：虽然有一些“类型”的诗歌提供了结构作为指导，但现实是，诗歌并不一定要遵循一套规则。固定短语serve as表示“用作；充当；作为”，符合句意。故填as。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：它更多的是传达一种感觉，这为我们开辟了许多创作的自由，供我们探索。creative为形容词表示“创新的；创作的”，a lot of表示“很多”，故空处需要填名词。故填freedom。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该

28、项涂黑。AEvery year, young, talented, and ambitious nature conservationists from all over the world shoot their shot for the Future For Nature (FFN) Award, an honorable international award.The Future For Nature aims to:Reward and fund individuals for their outstanding efforts in the protection of specie

29、s of wild animals and plants.Stimulate award winners to sustain their dedicated work.Help winners to raise their profile, extend their professional network and strengthen their funding basis.BenefitsThe winners each receive 50,000 euros and may make their own decision to spend the money in the servi

30、ce of nature conservation.FFN offers the winners a platform and brings their stories to the attention of conservationists, financiers and a wide audience, allowing them to increase their impact and gain more access to funds.FFN is building a growing family of winners, dedicated people who form a com

31、munity of people with the same interest. FFN offers them the opportunity to meet each other and continue to learn with each other in order to continue their fight for nature as efficiently and effectively as possible.QualificationsThe candidate：Must be born on or after the 31st May 1988 and before t

32、he 31st May 2005.Is able to explain his/her conservation work in fluent English (written and spoken)Has achieved substantial and long-term benefits to the conservation status of one or more animal or plant species.Must be determined to continue his/her conservation work, as the award aims to stimula

33、te the winners future work. It is not an “end of career” prize.Additional RemarksFor the 2023 Future For Nature Award, we are again searching for natural leaders, who have proven that they can make a difference in species survival.From all applications, 6 to 10 nominees (被提名者) will be selected. Thes

34、e applicants will be asked to provide additional information, which will be used to select the final awardees. Ultimately, three inspiring wildlife heroes are selected as the winners.Application Process: Apply online through the Apply Now link.Application Deadline: May 1st, 2023.21. Which is one of

35、the aims of the Future For Nature?A. To aid more green groups.B. To fund academic education.C. To inspire conservation efforts.D. To raise environmental awareness.22. The winners will get the chance to _.A. consult top specialistsB. meet like-minded peopleC. benefit the local communityD. promote sel

36、f-created platforms23. To apply for the 2023 Future For Nature Award, candidates must _.A. meet the age requirementB. apply via mail by the deadlineC. turn in the application in EnglishD. provide additional personal information【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍自然的未来奖 (FFN) 的目的，益处，资格和申请候选人等相关

37、信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题The Future For Nature aims to:中的“Reward and fund individuals for their outstanding efforts in the protection of species of wild animals and plants. (奖励和资助在保护野生动植物物种方面做出突出努力的个人)”和“Stimulate award winners to sustain their dedicated work. (激励获奖者保持他们的敬业精神)”可知，FFN的目标之一是激励保护工作，故选C。【22

38、题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题The Future For Nature aims to:中的“FFN is building a growing family of winners, dedicated people who form a community of people with the same interest. FFN offers them the opportunity to meet each other and continue to learn with each other in order to continue their fight for nature as

39、 efficiently and effectively as possible.(FFN正在建立一个不断壮大的赢家家庭，由具有相同兴趣的人组成一个社区。FFN为他们提供了彼此见面的机会，并继续相互学习，以便尽可能高效和有效地继续为自然而战)”可知，获胜者将有机会认识志同道合的人。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Qualifications中的“The candidate: Must be born on or after the 31st May 1988 and before the 31st May 2005. (候选人：1988年5月31日或之后，2005年5月31日之前出

40、生)”可知，要申请2023年自然未来奖，候选人必须符合年龄要求。故选A。BThe sign on the librarians desk read: “Readers Wanted for Project Read Aloud.” Sherene stared at it as the librarian stamped the book that she had selected for her weekly reading fare with a return by date.“What is Project Read Aloud?” Sherene asked.“Heres the br

41、ochure about it. Theres a form inside to fill out if you want to become a reader. There is no pay, by the way,” the librarian said with a smile.Sherene walked home. She loved living within walking distance of her towns public library. She loved to sit in one of the overstuffed reading chairs in the

42、reading room with the smell of books all around her and lose herself in a book. She had moved away after high school and had recently moved back. The library and fond memories of her childhood had drawn her back to this small town.Once home, she sat down to read the brochure, which said, “Project Re

43、ad Aloud seeks to provide the opportunity of hearing stories read aloud in a comfortable setting.” That is a fine goal, she thought.Sherene filled out the form. She loved reading aloud. When she was a child, she read aloud to her teddy bear. Later, when she grew up and became a teacher, she read alo

44、ud to her students many times throughout the day. Since her retirement, she read aloud only to herself and Boots, her cat. It would feel so good to have a human audience once again to share stories with.A couple of days later, Sherene sat in the now empty small theatre in the library, preparing the

45、first story she was going to read. Soon, the audience began to wander in and find their seats. The theatre was half full in half an hour. Sherene stepped to the edge of the stage and introduced herself. She explained the origin of the story, opened the book and began to read. She wove the tale maste

46、rfully creating voices for the characters, pausing for emphasis, and taking the listeners into another world.When Sherene read the last words of the story, there was a momentary silence as it all sank into the listeners and then a burst of enthusiastic applause. At that moment, understanding did gro

47、w in the town through the sharing of stories.24. What can we learn about Sherene?A She used to be a teacher.B. She lived far from the library.C. She liked hearing stories read aloud.D. She was involved in many social activities.25. Why did Sherene join in Project Read Aloud?A. She wanted to make new

48、 friends.B. The projects goal suited her interest.C. The project brought her extra income.D. She needed to improve her reading ability.26. Which of the following words can best describe Sherenes first performance?A. Meaningful and humorous.B. Novel and amusing.C. Impressive and conventional.D. Vivid

49、 and absorbing.【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述非常喜欢阅读的Sherene加入图书馆举行的“大声朗读计划”，她的朗读十分生动且引人入胜的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中“Later, when she grew up and became a teacher, she read aloud to her students many times throughout the day. Since her retirement, she read aloud only to herself and Boots, he

50、r cat.(后来，当她长大成为一名教师时，她整天大声朗读给她的学生听。退休后，她只对自己和她的猫博姿大声朗读)”可知，Sherene过去是一名老师。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Once home, she sat down to read the brochure, which said, Project Read Aloud seeks to provide the opportunity of hearing stories read aloud in a comfortable setting. That is a fine goal, she thought.(回到

51、家后，她坐下来阅读小册子，上面写着：大声朗读计划旨在提供机会，让人们在舒适的环境中听到大声朗读的故事。这是一个很好的目标，她想)”及第六段中“Sherene filled out the form. She loved reading aloud.(Sherene填好了表格。她喜欢大声朗读)”可知，“大声朗读计划”旨在提供机会，让人们在舒适的环境中听到大声朗读的故事，而Sherene喜欢大声朗读，因此这个计划符合她的兴趣，所以她报名加入。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“She wove the tale masterfully creating voices for the

52、 characters, pausing for emphasis, and taking the listeners into another world.(她巧妙地编织了这个故事，为人物创造了声音，为强调而停顿，并将听众带入另一个世界)”及最后一段中“When Sherene read the last words of the story, there was a momentary silence as it all sank into the listeners and then a burst of enthusiastic applause.(当Sherene读到故事的最后几个字

53、时，听众陷入了短暂的沉默，然后爆发出热烈的掌声)”可知，Sherene的朗读非常生动且引人入胜。故选D。CMany people have participated into lots of virtual meetings these years. Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree. A new study, though, suggests otherwise.In the study, 602 participants were r

54、andomly paired and asked to come up with creative uses for a product. They were also randomly selected to work together either in person or virtually. The pairs were then ranked by assessing their total number of ideas, as well as those concepts degree of novelty, and asked to submit their best idea

55、. Among the groups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas. The findings could stiffen employers resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.“We ran this experiment based o

56、n feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote workers,” said lead researcher Melanie Brucks. “Unlike other forms of virtual communication, like phone calls or e-mail, videoconferencing copies the in-person experience quite well, so I was surprised when we found meaningful diff

57、erences between in-person and video interaction for idea generation. ”When random objects were placed in both the virtual and physical rooms, the virtual pairs of participants spent more time looking directly at each other rather than letting their look wander about the room and taking in the entire

58、 scene. Eyeing ones whole environment and noticing the random objects were associated with increased idea generation. On platforms, the screen occupies our interactions. Our look wavers less. “Looking away might come across as rude, ” said Brucks,“so we have to look at the screen because that is the

59、 defined context of the interaction, the same way we wouldnt walk to another room while talking to someone in person. ”Like most educators, Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years, and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well. Her students were more likely to take t

60、urns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often, rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom. Brucks found that one solution to improving virtual idea generation might be to simply turn off the camera, for her students felt “freer” and more creative when asked to do so.

61、And this may be sound advice for the workplace.Virtual teamwork cant replace face-to-face teamwork. Idea selection proficiency (能力) is only valuable if you have strong options to select from, and face-to-face teams are the best means to generate winning options. Perhaps the workplace will find a com

62、promisea sweet spot in the middle that balances working from both home and office.27. What does the underlined word “stiffen” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Shake.B. Revise.C. Challenge.D. Strengthen.28. At first, lead researcher Melanie Brucks might think that _.A. videoconferencing cant comp

63、are with in-person communicationB. participants should make eye contact in an online meetingC. the feedback from companies seems questionableD. creative ideas may emerge from casual thoughts29. What can we learn about Brucks class?A. Her students relieved anxiety by speaking up.B. Her students progr

64、essed in focusing attention.C. Her students took advantage of virtual learning.D. Her students displayed talent for public speaking.30. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Interacting Virtually Impacts Working ParticipationB. Maintaining Teamwork Improves Idea Generatio

65、nC. Grouping Randomly Increases ProductivityD. Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity【答案】27. D 28. C 29. C 30. D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。一个新的研究发现：与面对面交流相比，虚拟会议不利于创新想法的产生，文章分析了原因，并给出了建议。【27题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Among the groups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that something about

66、face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas. The findings could stiffen employers resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office. (在这些小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法要少得多，这表明面对面交流能产生更多创造性的想法。这些发现可能会stiffen雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。)”可知，面对面的交流有利于创造性想法的产生，虚拟会议不如面对面交流，所以对于雇主来讲，要求员工回到办公室才会有更多的创造性

67、想法，stiffen意为“加强”，此处为“加强了雇主的决心”，划线词与Strengthen意思相近，故选D项。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote workers, said lead researcher Melanie Brucks. Unlike other forms of virtual communication, like phone calls or e-mail, videocon

68、ferencing copies the in-person experience quite well, so I was surprised when we found meaningful differences between in-person and video interaction for idea generation. (首席研究员梅勒妮布鲁克斯说：我们进行这项实验的依据是，一些公司反馈说，让远程员工更难创新。与电话或电子邮件等其他形式的虚拟交流不同，视频会议很好地复制了面对面的体验，所以当我们发现面对面互动和视频互动在产生想法方面的显著差异时，我很惊讶。)”可知，因为有公

69、司反映：远程员工难创新，所以首席研究员梅兰妮布鲁克斯组织了实验，来验证公司所反映的情况，在发现面对面交流与视频互动交流所带来的创新想法的差异与公司反映的一样时，他很是惊讶，说明他原来认为公司的反馈值得怀疑，故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Like most educators, Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years, and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well. Her students were more likely

70、 to take turns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often, rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom. (像大多数教育工作者一样，布鲁克斯在过去三年主要是虚拟教学，她也注意到这种方法的一些好处。她的学生更有可能轮流发言，她那些比较害羞的学生也更经常发言，消除了在大教室讲话时的焦虑。)”可知，布鲁克斯的虚拟课堂上，学生可能轮流发言，连害羞的学生也能经常发言，故可推知，他的学生能充分利用虚拟学习。故选C项。【30题详解】主旨大意题。通读全

71、文，尤其是第一段“Many people have participated into lots of virtual meetings these years. Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree. A new study, though, suggests otherwise. (这些年来，许多人参加了许多虚拟会议。一些研究表明，这种调整可能不会在很大程度上影响工作场所的生产力。然而，一项新的研究表明情况并非如此。)”，以及第二段“Am

72、ong the groups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas. The findings could stiffen employers resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office. (在这些小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法要少得多，这表明面对面交流能产生更

73、多创造性的想法。这些发现可能会坚定雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。)”可知，虚拟会议对工作场所的生产力有不利影响，“Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity (网上头脑风暴限制创造力)”作标题比较贴切。故选D项。DArguably, the biggest science development of the year to date has been the images of the very depths of the universe taken by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Those im

74、ages beg a comparison between the external and internal universes that science is bent on observing and understanding.Decades ago, astrophysicist Carl Sagan famously said, “The universe is also within is. Were made of star-stuff. We are a way for the universe to know itself. ” He was commenting then

75、 on the reality that our internal universe was as complex and as fantastic as the outer space.There are many similarities between the progress weve made in understanding the universe and in piecing together lifes inner workings. Like the technological developments that took us from Galileos telescop

76、e to the Hubble to the JWST, life science tools have also improved rapidly. From early light microscopes to modern super-resolution ones, these developments have afforded researchers a deep look into biologys infinitesimal (无限小的) landscape. Learning that living things were composed of cells was, not

77、 a terribly long time ago, a revolutionary observation. Since then, scientists have been able to dive ever deeper into the components of life.Going beyond merely observing the complicated makeup of organisms, life scientists can now discover the workings of molecules (分子). And that is where scanning

78、 the universe differs from peering into biology. Understanding the universe, especially from a functional standpoint, is not necessarily an immediate urgency. Understanding biology on that level is. Simply observing the amazing internal structure of cells is not enough. Biologists must also characte

79、rize how all those parts interact and change in different environments and when faced with various challenges. Being able to image a virus or bacterium is nice at the level of basic science. But knowing how viruses gain entry into cells and spread, infect, and disable can literally save lives. Throu

80、gh time, biology has risen to this mechanistic challenge. Not only can life science tools produce images of cell components, even more importantly, they can help predict the effects of drugs on receptors, of immune cells on foreign invaders (入侵者), and of genetic perturbations (基因干扰) on development a

81、nd aging.This is not to belittle the work of scientists researching into universe. They should rightly be praised for delivering views of impossibly distant, impossibly massive phenomena. My aim is to celebrate these accomplishments while at the same time recognizing that sciences inward search for

82、detail and insight is equally impressive and, in my view, more urgent. The output of both the outward and inward explorations should stimulate wonder in everyone. After all, its all star-stuff.31. Why does the author quote Carl Sagans comment in Paragraph 2?A. To introduce the background.B. To prove

83、 an assumption.C. To make a comparison.D. To present an idea.32. Like the study of the universe, life science has been advancing in _.A. study approachesB. system managementC. research facilitiesD. technology integration33. We can infer from Paragraph 4 that biologists work is _.A. practicalB. risky

84、C. flexibleD. popular34. As for life science, which would the author agree with?A. It has received universal recognition.B. It should enjoy priority in development.C. It can be applied in the majority of areas.D. It is more complicated than space science.【答案】31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文

85、章讲述生命科学像宇宙一样复杂，随着生命科学工具的迅速改进，科学家们就能够更深入地研究生命的组成部分并且取得很大的成就，并且作者认为应优先发展生命科学。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Decades ago, astrophysicist Carl Sagan famously said, “The universe is also within is. Were made of star-stuff. We are a way for the universe to know itself. ” He was commenting then on the reality that our

86、 internal universe was as complex and as fantastic as the outer space. (几十年前，天体物理学家卡尔萨根说过一句名言：“宇宙也在身体之内。”我们是由恒星组成的。我们是宇宙认识自己的一种方式。他当时的评论是，我们的内部宇宙和外太空一样复杂、一样奇妙。)”可知他提出我们的身体像宇宙一样复杂和奇妙，这是一个想法，故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Like the technological developments that took us from Galileos telescope to the Hubble t

87、o the JWST, life science tools have also improved rapidly. From early light microscopes to modern super-resolution ones, these developments have afforded researchers a deep look into biologys infinitesimal (无限小的) landscape. (就像从伽利略望远镜到哈勃望远镜再到JWST的技术发展一样，生命科学工具也在迅速改进。从早期的光学显微镜到现代的超分辨率显微镜，这些发展使研究人员能够深

88、入观察生物学的微小景观。)”可知就像对宇宙的研究一样，生命科学的研究设施也在不断发展，故选C。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Biologists must also characterize how all those parts interact and change in different environments and when faced with various challenges. Being able to image a virus or bacterium is nice at the level of basic science. But knowing ho

89、w viruses gain entry into cells and spread, infect, and disable can literally save lives. Through time, biology has risen to this mechanistic challenge. Not only can life science tools produce images of cell components, even more importantly, they can help predict the effects of drugs on receptors,

90、of immune cells on foreign invaders (入侵者), and of genetic perturbations (基因干扰) on development and aging. (生物学家还必须描述所有这些部分在不同环境和面临各种挑战时是如何相互作用和变化的。能够对病毒或细菌进行成像在基础科学层面上是很好的。但了解病毒如何进入细胞并传播、感染和致残确实可以挽救生命。随着时间的推移，生物学已经上升到这个机械的挑战。生命科学工具不仅可以生成细胞成分的图像，更重要的是，它们可以帮助预测药物对受体的影响，免疫细胞对外来入侵者的影响，以及基因扰动对发育和衰老的影响。)”可

91、推测生物学家的工作是很实用的，故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“My aim is to celebrate these accomplishments while at the same time recognizing that sciences inward search for detail and insight is equally impressive and, in my view, more urgent. (我的目的是庆祝这些成就，同时认识到科学对细节和洞察力的内在探索同样令人印象深刻，在我看来，更加紧迫。)”可知作者认为生命科学要优先发展，故选B。第二节(共

92、5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。With climate change continuing to worsen, our situation is beginning to feel increasingly serious. _35_ Is it right? Maybe not.Techno-optimism is one of the greatest misconceptions when it comes to solutions to ensure our future. It can be de

93、fined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces (强化) the idea that theres no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive lifestyle. All society needs to do is look to green technology to work its magic. _36_ One of the best exa

94、mples of this optimistic misconception is the electric car. Despite being highly regarded as an eco-friendly way to get around, electric cars are not the end for the future of transport. Batteries in electric cars use chemical elements which we could be seeing a shortage of by the midcentury. _37_ T

95、echno-optimism has led many to believe that if everyone just switched to driving electric vehicles, we would be making incredible steps towards sustainability. However, the reality is that the amount of resources and energy needed to produce enough electric vehicles for everyone is not even remotely

96、 sustainable._38_ Investing in public transportation and moving away from individually owned vehicles. Producing fewer cars. Improving recycling practices of old batteries. The solutions we seek should not be rooted in new technology, but be about changing the way our society functions.Techno-optimi

97、sm puts too much emphasis on technology and not enough on what we can do right this minute. Unfortunately, people seem to like the picture that techno-optimism paints. _39_ It is important to understand that the problem begins when we see those technologies as a way to make our current lifestyles ec

98、o-friendly. Until we are ready to face the need for a less complex life, we cannot make true progress towards sustainability.A. So where should we look for answers instead?B. The modern worlds simple solution is technology.C. Moreover, they are more energy intensive to produce.D. Is it a trap that m

99、any people have fallen into in recent years?E. Unfortunately, this is an incredibly dangerous opinion to hold.F. Despite any technology, we as a whole are not living sustainably.G. Nevertheless, the truth is, we need a widespread change in our lifestyles.【答案】35. B 36. E 37. C 38. A 39. G【解析】【导语】这是一篇

100、说明文。文章指出“技术乐观主义”试图用技术解决当前的气候问题，作者用电动汽车的例子来证明这种想法似乎是没用的。改变我们的社会运作方式，以及人们的生活方式才是解决问题的关键所在。【35题详解】根据上文“With climate change continuing to worsen, our situation is beginning to feel increasingly serious.(随着气候变化的持续恶化，我们的情况开始变得越来越严重)”可知，气候问题持续恶化，人类的情况开始变得越来越严重。由此推知，人类可能会采取解决气候问题的办法。结合下文“Techno-optimism is

101、one of the greatest misconceptions when it comes to solutions to ensure our future. It can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems.(当谈到确保我们未来的解决方案时，技术乐观主义是最大的误解之一。它可以被定义为相信未来的技术将解决我们当前的所有问题)”可知，人们试图依靠技术来解决气候问题。B项“The modern worlds simple solution is tec

102、hnology.(现代世界的简单解决方案就是技术)”符合题意。故选B。【36题详解】空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Techno-optimism is one of the greatest misconceptions when it comes to solutions to ensure our future. It can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces (强化) the idea th

103、at theres no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive lifestyle. All society needs to do is look to green technology to work its magic.(当谈到确保我们未来的解决方案时，技术乐观主义是最大的误解之一。它可以被定义为相信未来的技术将解决我们当前的所有问题。这个定义强化了这样一种观点，即没有理由恐慌或改变我们当前的能源密集型生活方式。社会所需要做的就是期待绿色技术发挥其魔力)”可知，上文提到了“没有理由恐慌或改变我们当前的能源密集型生活方

104、式”这种观点，由此推知，下文应对这种观点进行评价。E项“Unfortunately, this is an incredibly dangerous opinion to hold.(不幸的是，这是一个极其危险的观点)”符合题意。故选E。【37题详解】根据上文“One of the best examples of this optimistic misconception is the electric car. Despite being highly regarded as an eco-friendly way to get around, electric cars are not

105、the end for the future of transport. Batteries in electric cars use chemical elements which we could be seeing a shortage of by the midcentury.(电动汽车就是这种乐观误解的最好例子之一。尽管电动汽车被高度认为是一种环保的出行方式，但它并不是未来交通的终点。电动汽车中的电池使用的化学元素到本世纪中叶可能会出现短缺)”可知，上文提到了电动汽车的弊端。结合本段主要谈论“乐观误解”推知，空处应继续对电动汽车的弊端进行陈述。C项“Moreover, they ar

106、e more energy intensive to produce.(此外，它们的生产更耗能)”符合题意。故选C。【38题详解】空处位于段首，应为本段主旨句或引出本段内容。根据下文“Investing in public transportation and moving away from individually owned vehicles. Producing fewer cars, Improving recycling practices of old batteries. The solutions we seek should not be rooted in new tec

107、hnology, but be about changing the way our society functions.(投资公共交通，远离个人拥有的车辆。生产更少的汽车，改善旧电池的回收利用做法。我们寻求的解决方案不应该植根于新技术，而应该改变我们社会的运作方式)”可知，作者认为我们应该改变社会的运作方式，这才是解决气候问题的办法。A项“So where should we look for answers instead?(那么，我们应该在哪里寻找答案呢？)”符合题意，引出本段内容，下文是对该问题的回答。故选A。【39题详解】根据上文“Techno-optimism puts too m

108、uch emphasis on technology and not enough on what we can do right this minute. Unfortunately, people seem to like the picture that techno-optimism paints.(技术乐观主义过于强调技术，而对我们现在能做的事情却不够重视。不幸的是，人们似乎喜欢技术乐观主义所描绘的画面)”和下文“It is important to understand that the problem begins when we see those technologies a

109、s a way to make our current lifestyles eco-friendly. (重要的是要理解，当我们将这些技术视为使我们当前的生活方式环保的一种方式时，问题就开始了)”可知，人们似乎更喜欢依靠技术解决问题，当我们把技术视为当前的环保生活方式时，问题就开始了。由此可知，要解决气候问题，不能只依靠技术，关键是要从很大程度上改变我们的生活方式。G项“Nevertheless, the truth is, we need a widespread change in our lifestyles.(然而，事实是，我们需要广泛改变我们的生活方式)”符合题意。故选G。第三部分

110、：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。We all like to think that we are rational (理性的) thinkers, but poor decisions and choices are evident all around us: staying in bad relationships or boring jobs, taking up smoking, eating too much junk food; the list goes on. S

111、o why cant we make better decisions? One reason appears to be what psychologists call “decision fatigue”: the idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control. For example, if you are ground down by everyday struggles, you have less mental energy for g

112、ood decisions.However, studies point to the fact that deciding things early in the day is likely to lead to better outcomes. Most of us will have had the experience of going to bed with a seemingly unsolvable problem, only to wake up with a flash of inspiration the next morning. So decisions made wh

113、en we feel least tired are more likely to be the right ones.Another worthwhile strategy is to pretend that you are advising an imaginary friend, rather than relating decisions to your own life. This creates a distance between you and the issues in question, and can help you to think logically rather

114、 than emotionally.People often advise making lists of advantages and disadvantages, and then prioritizing the items in each list. This can certainly be helpful, but we need to be careful not to over-think every decision. We may overestimate the value of information, and sometimes it is better simply

115、 to go with our gut instinct (直觉).Perhaps the most important thing we can do to minimize the possibility of regret is to make sure that our decisions are in line with our life values; in other words, to have a life vision and be true to it. Instead of asking ourselves questions such as “Which option

116、 is safer?” or “Which option is best financially?”, it is far better to ask “How will I feel about this when Im 70?”.40 What does “decision fatigue” mean?_41. Why do people tend to make good decisions early in the day?_42. Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and expla

117、in why.Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts._43. In addition to the strategies in the passage, please suggest another way to make good decisions. (In about 40 words)_【答案】40. The idea that we all h

118、ave a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control. 41. Because thats when people feel least tired. 42. Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts. According to the passage o

119、ver-thinking may overestimate the value of information, so sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions. 43. I think when you make a decision, that decision is a good way to realize the values that you hold, but you can also afford the worst consequences of it.【解析】【导语】这是

120、一篇说明文。我们都喜欢认为自己是理性的思考者，但糟糕的决定和选择在我们周围随处可见。就此现象文章给出了做正确决定的一些方法。【40题详解】考查词句猜测。根据划线词下文“the idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control.(认为我们在做决定和练习自我控制方面的能量储存有限的想法)”可知，“decision fatigue”是指认为自己在做决定和练习自我控制方面的能量储存有限。故答案为：The idea that we all have a limi

121、ted store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Most of us will have had the experience of going to bed with a seemingly unsolvable problem, only to wake up with a flash of inspiration the next morning. So decisions made when we feel least tired are more lik

122、ely to be the right ones.(我们大多数人都会有这样的经历：带着一个看似无法解决的问题上床睡觉，第二天早上醒来时却灵光一现。因此，当我们感到最不累的时候做出的决定更有可能是正确的)”可知，人们倾向于在早上做出正确的决定是因为那个时候是人们感到最不累的时候。故答案为：Because thats when people feel least tired.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“People often advise making lists of advantages and disadvantages, and then prioritizing the

123、 items in each list. This can certainly be helpful, but we need to be careful not to over-think every decision. We may overestimate the value of information, and sometimes it is better simply to go with our gut instinct (直觉).(人们经常建议列出优势和劣势，然后对每个列表中的项目进行优先级排序。这当然会有所帮助，但我们需要小心，不要过度考虑每一个决定。我们可能高估了信息的价值

124、，有时最好还是凭直觉行事)”可知，有时根据直觉做出决定是个不错的主意，是因为有时过度思考会高估了信息的价值。故答案为：Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts. According to the passage over-thinking may overestimate the value of information, so sometimes it i

125、s a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions.【43题详解】开放性问题。答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：I think when you make a decision, that decision is a good way to realize the values that you hold, but you can also afford the worst consequences of it.第二节(20分)44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim所在的学校即将迎来百年校庆。他参与准备活动，

126、负责向来宾介绍学校的变化，问你有什么好的建议。请你用英文给他回邮件，内容包括：1.表示祝贺;2.你的建议。注意：1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：纪念日anniversaryDear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,Congratulations on your schools upcoming centennial anniversary! Its a remarkable achievement and a testament to the schools commitment to education.As for your re

127、quest for suggestions on how to introduce the schools changes to guests, I would recommend highlighting the schools technological advancements. You could showcase the schools state-of-the-art facilities, such as the computer labs and interactive whiteboards, and how they have enhanced the learning e

128、xperience for students. Additionally, you could also mention the schools efforts in promoting diversity and inclusivity, such as the establishment of cultural clubs and the implementation of anti-bullying policies.I hope these suggestions are helpful, and I wish you all the best for a successful ann

129、iversary celebration.YoursLi Hua【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章要求考生作为高三学生李华，给英国好友Jim一些建议和祝贺，关于他们即将到来的百年校庆。【详解】1.词汇积累即将到来的：upcoming imminent建议：suggestion proposal提到：mention refer to有帮助的：helpful favourable2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Congratulations on your schools upcoming centennial anniversary! Its a remarkable achievement

130、 and a testament to the schools commitment to education.拓展句：Congratulations on your schools upcoming centennial anniversary which is a remarkable achievement and a testament to the schools commitment to education.【点睛】【高分句型1】You could showcase the schools state-of-the-art facilities, such as the computer labs and interactive whiteboards, and how they have enhanced the learning experience for students.（运用了how引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】I hope these suggestions are helpful, and I wish you all the best for a successful anniversary celebration.（运用省略that引导的宾语从句）