吉林省吉林市第一中学校高中英语 Unit2 Working the land Section II Learning about the language练习 新人教版必修4.doc

1、Section II Learning about the language一、课前预习I. 重点短语1. 在过去的十年里 _2. 使某人困惑 _3. 后悔做某事 _4. 遗憾要做某事 _5. 试验 _II. 完成句子：用上面的短语完成下列句子。1. The method seems good but it needs _. 这个方法似乎不错，但需要试验一下。2. They asked so many questions that they _.他们问了我许许多多的问题，把我弄糊涂了。3. Great changes have taken place in the neighborhood _

2、.过去十年里小区发生了巨大的变化。4. We _ that we wont be able to attend the ceremony.我们遗憾地通知你们,我们不能参加这一典礼。5. I now _ that I would join in the scheme.我现在还后悔答应参加该计划的事。二、语法突破：动名词作主语和宾语(一) 动名词作主语1. 动名词作主语表示抽象笼统的一般行为或表示经常性、习惯性的动作Smoking is bad for health. 吸烟有害健康。Talking mends no holes. 空谈无济于事。2. 动名词作主语常放在句首，在特定句子结构中可放在句

3、尾。如：It is fun/useless/no use/no good/no pleasure/a waste of time + doing sth. It is no use crying over the spilt milk. 覆水难收。It is useless telephoning him. He is not willing to come. 给他打电话没用。他不愿意来。There is no saying when it will stop raining. 无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开

4、不得玩笑。3. 主语和表语的对称Teaching is learning.=To teach is to learn. 教即是学习。Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。注意：不定式作主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。To finish the job in two days is impossible. 两天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。（二）动名词作宾语 有些及物动词后面只能接doing作宾语，不能接不定式，常见的有： admit 承认/avoid 避免/appreciate感激,赞赏/consider考虑/delay耽误/d

5、eny否认/dislike不喜欢/escape 避免/ enjoy 喜欢/ keep反复/forgive原谅/ finish完成/imagine 想象/mention提到/ mind介意/ miss错过/ practise练习/risk冒险/resist抵抗/ suggest建议/ understand理解/ be busy忙于/be worth(值得)/feel like(喜欢，想要)/keep on(继续)Will you admit having broken the window? 你会承认打破玻璃这件事吗？He doesnt mind being misunderstood. 他不介

6、意被误解。注意：有些动词后面只能跟to do作宾语，不能接动名词，常见的有：aim/afford/agree/attempt/bother/choose/determine/desire/decide/demand/expect/fail/happen/hope/wish/long/manage/offer/refuse/plan/pretend/promise/tend/would(should)like/would loveI dont wish to be disturbed in my work. 我不希望在工作时被打扰。He pretended not to notice me. 他

7、假装没注意到我。2.有些动词后面既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语，但意义不同。mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 go on to do sth.(做完一件事之后)接着做(另一件事) go on doing sth.继续做某事 try to do sth. 试图做某事 try doing sth.试试做某事（往往表示某种方法或方式） forget/regret/remember接to do表示尚未发生的动作，接doing表示已经发生动作。 cant help（to）do

8、sth. 不能帮助做某事cant help doing sth.禁不住做need, require, want + doing / to be done 需要(被) I forgot to write him a letter. 我忘了要给他写信。I forgot writing him a letter. 我忘了已给他写过信了。3. 动词-ing形式既可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语What prevented you from joining us last night?昨天晚上什么事使你不能和我们在一起？We like his way of teaching English.我们喜欢

9、他教英语的方式。I have no difficulty in communicating with foreigners.我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。注意：to既可以是介词，也可以是不定式符号。若是不定式符号，to后接动词原形；若是介词，to后需接动词-ing形式 You must get used to washing your face with cold water.你必须习惯用冷水洗脸。He is looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation.他盼望今年暑假见到你常见的带介词to的短语：be accustomed/used

10、 to习惯于, be opposed to=object to反对, devoteto/ be devoted to献身于, stick to坚持, get down to着手做, lead to导致, look forward to盼望, pay attention to注意, be addicted to痴迷于（三）动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构有四种形式： ones +动名词 名词s+动名词 代词宾格+动名词 名词+动名词动名词的复合结构可在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时，不能用、两种形式。动名词的复合结构，实际上是给动名词加了一个逻辑主语。如：His/Jacks not getti

11、ng to the station on time made all of us worried.他/杰克没准时到火车站使得我们大家都很担心。Do you mind my/me/Jacks/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？He insisted on his son/his sons being sent to work in the countryside.他坚持要儿子被派到乡下工作。What worried him most is his/him not being allowed to visit his sick mother. 他最忧虑的是不被允许去探望生

12、病的妈妈。即境活用：1. He was in low spirits and even consider _ (go) away.2. Practise _ (put) your hand to the ground.3. I cant help _(have) the trip to Britain.4. Dont tell me you always escape _(fine) because you have a fast sports car.5. They built the banks to prevent the area from _(flood).6. He didnt f

13、eel like _(work), so he suggested _(spend) the day in the garden.7. Can you imagine _(leave) standing outside for a whole night.8. I regret _(tell) you that his fathers _(fall) ill makes him unable to come.9. We appreciate your _(want) _(help) us in our difficulties.10.The law forbids _(sell) liquor

14、 to children.三、课后自测（一）基础知识自测 I. 单词拼写1. What _ (国籍) are you? Im Chinese.2. The Japanese _(占领) of Taiwan lasted fifty-one years.3. A childs _ (性格) is fixed in the first five years of life.4. Some Asian students get _ (困惑) and think that he is perhaps not a good teacher.5. He _ (遗憾) that he had left wi

15、thout saying goodbye to them.II单项选择1. I wont go to his birthday without _. A. invitingB. being invitedC. invited D. to be invited2. Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice!A. to take B. takingC. not to take D. not taking3. Can I smoke here ? Sorry. We dont allow

16、_ here. A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking4. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home. A. living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived5. As a new driver, I have to practise _ the car in my small garage again

17、 and again. A. parking B. to park C. parked D. park6. I had great difficulty _the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.A. find B. found C. to find D. finding7. That is the only way we can imagine_ the overuse of water in students bathrooms.A. reducingB. to reduceC. reducedD. reduce8. As a re

18、sult of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area _.A. need repairing B. needs to repairC. needs repairing D. need to repair9. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closed C. being opened and clo

19、sed D. to open and close10. Do you mind _ alone at home?No, but I want a good book _.A. leaving; to read B. to be left; readingC. to leave; reading D. being left; to read （二）能力提升自测1. Your education will _ you to earn a good living. Work hard from now on.A. associate B. equip C. relate D. feed2. Some

20、 of you may have finished unit one. _, you can go on to unit two. A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so 3. There is still much to discuss. We shall, _, return to this item at our next meeting.A. however B. otherwise C. therefore D besides4. Something as simple as _ some cold water may clear

21、your mind and relive pressure. A. to drink B. drinking C. to be drinking D. drunk5. Do you mind if I smoke here, madam? _, sir.A. Of course not. Its not allowed hereB. Great! Id rather do that myselfC. Id rather you didnt, actuallyD. No, you cant6. Young man, if you hurry up, I think quite that you

22、will catch the next train.A. that; probably B. this; certainly C. it; likely D. you; nearly7. The government tried its best to _ the peoples needs, but the people were still not _. In fact, what the government did was not _.A. satisfy; satisfied; satisfying B. satisfy; satisfying; satisfiedC satisfi

23、ed; satisfied; satisfying D. satisfying; satisfied; satisfied8. People are _ about the _ problem and have no idea how to solve it.A. confusing; confusing B. confused; confusedC. confused; confusing D. confusing; confused9. China has successfully sent up the Shenzhou spacecraft into space_ with compl

24、ex devices of science and technology.A. to be equipped B. equippedC. equipping D. having been equipped10. They are quiet, arent they? Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals. A. to talkB. to not talkC. to talkingD. to not talking11.Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during th

25、e vacationA. have held B. to holdC. holding D. hold12. I hear they have promoted Tom, but he didnt mention _ when we talked on the phone.A. to promote B. to be promoted C. having promoted D. having been promoted 13. You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in his snowstorm.A. walked B. walk C.

26、 to walk D. walking14. Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle15. I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs about three times _.A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so

27、 many(三) 智能拓展训练I. 阅读理解AAn apple a day may poison children.Children who eat an apple or a pear a day may be exceeding（超过）the pesticide（杀虫剂）safety limit because of remains on the fruit, according to research.Using data of the British Department of Environment on pesticides on fruit collected from supe

28、rmarkets，scientists thought that each day some children would get a poisonous level of pesticides.The research, published on Sunday, says the government repeatedly claims that the levels of pesticide are safe because, instead of measuring individual apples, researchers buy 10, crush them and take an

29、 average reading to see if they are safe. This is the internationally agreed method of checking remains.But government figures show that the pesticide is not averagely spread across the batch（一批）, and one or two apples could contain 90% or more of the pesticide in the batch.It used mathematical mode

30、ling to measure exposure to pesticides for children aged between 18 months and four years old. The pesticides involved can destroy childrens hormones and some are suspected of causing cancer.The good news for British fruit growers is that samples（抽样）grown in this country had lower residue level than

31、 imported fruit, so buying home-produced fruit will reduce the danger, said Emily Diaman, one of the Earths senior food researchers and one of the authors of the report.1. The reason why “An apple a day may poison children” is that _.A. there are some harmful insects or worms in the appleB. children

32、 would get a poisonous level of pesticides because of the remains on the appleC. there are always more pesticides on the apples produced in BritainD. the apple is too hard for children to eat2. According to the passage, the internationally agreed method of checking remains _.A. tells exactly the pes

33、ticide level of each appleB. works well only with British fruitsC. cant tell whether a specific apple is safe to eat or notD. used mathematical modeling to measure exposure to pesticides for children.3. The underlined word “residue” can be replaced by _.A. remains B. pesticide C. poison D. medicine4

34、. Which of the following is NOT true？A. The remains of the pesticides can do harm to the childrens health.B. The remains of the pesticides can do harm to the childrens hormones.C. Some remains of the pesticides are suspected of causing cancer.D. For safety, wed better not eat apples from Britain.II

35、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A major source of teen stress is school exams, and test anxiety is not uncommon. When you recognize your teen is under stress, how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam?Be involved. Parents need to be involved in their teens work. _ 1 _ What the

36、y look for is your presence to talk, to cry, or simply to sit with them quietly. Communicate openly with your teen. Encourage your teen to express his worries and fears, but dont let them focus on those fears.Help them get organized. _2 _ Together, you and your teen can work out a time table in whic

37、h she can study for what she knows will be on the test.Provide a calm setting. Help your teen set up a quiet place to study and protect his privacy. Give them a nutritious diet. Its important for your teen to eat a healthy, balanced died during exam times to focus and do her best. _3 _ If this happe

38、ns, encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches. A healthy diet, rather than junk food, is best for reducing stress. _ 4 _ Persuade your teenager to get some sleep or do something active when she needs a real break from studying. Making time for relaxation, fun, and exercise are all importa

39、nt in reducing stress. Help your teen balance her time so that she will feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or rest.Show a positive attitude. _ 5 _ Your panic, anxiety and blame contribute to your teens pressure. Make your teen feel accepted and valued for her e

40、fforts. Most importantly, reassure your teen that things will be all right, no matter what the results are. AA parents attitude will dictate their teens emotions.BExam stress can make some teens lose their appetite.CThey will only make the situation worse.DEncourage your teen to relax.EThe best thin

41、g is simply to be there.FHelp your teen think about what she has to study and plan accordingly.GYour teen may also make negative comments about themselves.Section II Learning about the language一、课前预习I. 重点短语1. in the past decade 2. confuse sb. 3. regret doing/having done sth.4. regret to do sth. 5. t

42、ry outII. 完成句子1. to be tried out/ trying out 2. confused me 3. in/over the past decade4. regret to tell you 5. regret promising/ having promised/ having made a promise二、语法突破：即境活用：1. going 2. putting 3. having 4. being fined 5. being flooded 6. working; spending 7. leaving 8. to tell; falling 9. want

43、ing; to help 10. selling三、课后自测（一）基础知识自测 I. 单词拼写1. nationality 2. occupation 3. personality 4. confused 5. regrettedII单项选择1. B. 考查动名词的被动式。invite 做介词宾语，并和句子主语是被动关系，所以应使用动名词的被动式。2. D. 考查regret的用法。regret doing sth.后悔做过某事；regret to do sth.很遗憾要做某事。由题干可知，要用D项表示“对没接受建议而感到后悔”。3. A. 考查动名词的复合结构。allow 后应该加动名词作宾

44、语，people是动名词的逻辑主语，和动名词一起构成动名词复合结构。4. A. 考查try to do 和try doing的辨析。try to do try试图做某事；doing尝试做某事。句意：她试着一个人住，但不太喜欢所以又搬回家了。5. A. 考查practise的固定用法。practise doing sth.练习做某事。6. D. 考查固定短语。have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.在做方面有困难。7. B. 考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：这是我们能想到的唯一一个减少学生浴室过度用水的方法。the only + n. + to do sth.

45、唯一做某事的人/物。8. A. 考查主谓一致和固定用法。分数+ of+ 名词做主语时，谓语动词和名词保持一致，所以此处应该用复数动词；need doing相当于need to be done，主动形式表示被动意义。9. C. 考查动名词的复合结构。句意：上课之初，开关桌子的声音在教室外都能听到。根据句意可知，desks being opened and closed是动名词复合结构，在句中作介词of的宾语。10. D. 考查非谓语动词。句意：你介意一个人被留在家里吗？不介意。但我需要一本好书来读。第一个空mind后必须加动名词作宾语；第二个空to read作book的后置定语。（二）能力提升自

46、测1. B. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你所受的教育会使你过上富裕的生活。从今后努力学习吧。associate使联合(系)；relate适应，使相互关联；feed喂养，向提供；equip使有能力。2. D. 考查省略句的用法。If so = If you have done that / so.3. C. 考查副词的用法。however不管怎样；otherwise 否则；therefore所以；besides 除此以外。根据句意判断，前后两句为因果关系，故C项正确。4. B. 考查非谓语动词的用法。表示比较的as simple as中的第二个as是介词，故其后只能接一个名词、代词或名词性从句，故

47、选B项。5. C. 考查情景交际。表示介意：Youd better not. / Id rather you didnt. /I do mind, actually等。表示不介意：Of course not. / Absolutely not. / Not at all等。6. C. 考查it作形式宾语。在句中it是形式宾语，likely是形容词作宾语补足语，that引导的从句是真正的宾语。7. A. 考查satisfy的动词及其形容词用法。try ones best to satisfy ones needs尽力满足某人的需求；satisfied感到满意的，表示情感状态; satisfyin

48、g令人满意的，表示性质特征。8. C. 考查confused和confusing的差别。confused感到困惑的，表示情感状态; confusing令人困惑的，表示性质特征。9. B. 考查动词固定用法。句意：中国已经成功地把装配有复杂科技设备的神七送入了太空。根据句意可知，equipped with作定语相当于定语从句which is equipped with（装配有）修饰the Shenzhou spacecraft。10. D. 考查固定搭配。be accustomed to (not) sth/ doing sth 习惯于（不）做某事。11. C. 考查suggest的固定用法。s

49、uggest doing 建议做某事。12. D. 考查mention的固定用法。mention 后加动名词表示提到做过某事；promote（提职）与句子主语是被动关系，故选择D。13. D. 考查固定短语。have difficulty (in) doing sth.在做方面有困难。14. C. 考查非谓语动词。此空分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系，故排除B项。由句中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语took a position之前，故用现在分词的完成主动式。15. A. 考查倍数表达法。句意：我喜欢这个夹克胜过那个， 但它的价钱几乎是

50、那个价钱的三倍。倍数表达法：倍数+as as; 倍数+ 比较级+ than; 倍数+ the + n.+ of。此处是第一种表达法的省略形式，完整的答案是：as much as that one.(三) 智能拓展训练I. 阅读理解1. B. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知：有的孩子吃的苹果或梨上残留的杀虫剂可能超过安全指标。因此可能会使吃水果的孩子中毒。2. C. 推理判断题。根据文章第四、五段可知：国际统一的杀虫剂测定方法只是测试水果杀虫剂含量的平均值。而杀虫剂不是平均在每一批水果上，一个苹果上的杀虫剂含量可能占整批水果的90%还多。因此，可以得出结论国际统一的杀虫剂测定方法也不能判断一个特定的苹果是否可以安全食用。3. A. 猜测词义题。文章提到来自英国种植者的好消息是：国内产品抽样的杀虫剂残留（remains）远低于进口产品。4. D. 推理判断题。D项说法过于绝对化。II15 EFBDA