2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 Unit 3 The world of science（四）Writing知识基础练（含解析）外研版必修第三册.doc

1、Unit 3 The world of science课时作业(四)Writing必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层.单词拼写1In any unsafe situation, simply _(按) the button and a highlytrained agent will get you the help you need.2The guards were ordered to _(放射) on sight anyone trying to escape.3He is perfectly _(有能力的) of finishing the work by himself.4I have n

2、o _(欲望) to discuss the matter further with you.5Blind children tend to be more _(被动的) in this area of motor development than sighted children.6The beauty of the West Lake is entirely _(无法) expression.7In a recent study，Professor Betsy Sparrow performed some _ (实验)8She is suffering from physical and

3、_(精神的) illnesses.9This kind of material _(传导) heat well.单句语法填空1Technological advances mean more information can be delivered online rapidly and _ (flexible)2A year later I found out the true _ (significant) of the name.3The test can _ (accurate) predict what a bigger explosion would do.4We read the

4、_ (declare) posted on the board.5Schools are supposed to attach more importance _ students physical training.6In this situation，a liver transplant(肝脏移植) may be the only cure _ liver failure.7How many cars _ (produce) in the factory since 1990?8Three new schools _ (open) in our city in the past five

5、years.9Neither I nor he _ (be) to blame.10She along with her friends, _ (like) shopping.关键能力提升练进阶训练第二层.阅读Someday, umbrellas may do more than just keep people dry. A researcher in the Netherlands has designed a simple sensor(传感器) that “listens” to rain. And that sensor can turn an umbrella into a rai

6、nmeasuring expert.Tools like this can let anyone gauge the weather. That can help scientists make sure that satellites and radar(雷达) systems that track storms are doing a good job.“Rain radar is a beautiful way of seeing where rainfall is up in the air. But you never know where it hits the ground，”

7、says Rolf Hut. He designed the umbrella sensor.Researchers want to know how much rain makes it to the planets surface. Not all rain that falls from a cloud reaches the ground. And it can be difficult for radar and satellites to measure that rain, particularly in cities. A host of big buildings can c

8、hange how air and rain move during a storm. “It also explains why a single, expensive sensorthe kind that might be found at an official weather stationwont give accurate citywide data，” Hut says. But by putting a lowcost rain measuring tool into peoples hands, scientists can learn more about how muc

9、h rainfall differs in these and other hardtomeasure places.On the inside of the umbrella is a small, yellow disk (磁盘). It is the rainfall sensor. The sensor is attached to a black Bluetooth headset that sends the collected data to a smartphone.Hut came up with the idea to stick the same type of sens

10、or on an umbrella when he was talking to kids about science. He showed them a photo of a policeman who was holding an umbrella and talking to a crowd into a microphone. Why not put the two together? He thought it could make a cool rainfall sensor.When the data of a storm came through, Hut compared t

11、he umbrellas new “ear” for rain to official rain measuring equipment. And to his delight, he found the umbrellas measurements were pretty good. His next step is to improve the umbrella sensor to be more accurate.1The purpose of this passage is to_. Apromote a unique umbrella Binform us of a new inve

12、ntion Cmake readers interested in science Dpraise a researcher for his invention2The underlined word “gauge” in Paragraph 2 most probably means “_” Achange Bcontrol Cmeasure Dsense3Why can it be hard for official weather stations to measure the rain in cities? ATheir collected data cannot be sent to

13、 smartphones. BThey are lacking in weather measuring equipment. CRainfall differs hugely depending on various areas. DBig buildings influence the move of air and rain. 4.What do we know about Huts new invention? AHut is not satisfied with his new invention at all. BHuts invention is something useful

14、 but expensive. CHut will pay more attention to the accurancy of the sensor. DA policeman in the rain helped Hut with the invention.七选五In the spring and summer months, thunderstorms are common. _1_. In thunderstorms, lightning can strike (击中) people and buildings and is very dangerous.It was reporte

15、d that a man was struck by lightning when he was making a phone call under a tree and died at once. You may not know it, but nearly 1,800 thunder storms are happening at any moment around the world. _2_. So what should you do during a lightningstorm? Scientists say that a persons chances of being st

16、ruck by lightning are 1 in 600,000. _3_.If you are indoors during a thunderstorm：*Stay away from anything that is metal because lightning can come into the house through it.*Dont stand near the windows.*Dont take a shower or bath. Lightning can travel through water.*Never use the phone. _4_.If you a

17、re caught in a thunderstorm outdoors： *_5_. If theres no building around, try to find a low place to stay in. *Do not go under a tree because lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you. *Also never use a cell phone.ATry to get home as soon as possibleBGo into a nearby buildi

18、ng right awayCBut it is very important for us to learn about lightningDIn fact, many people are killed by lightning every yearELightning could travel through the phone line and hit youFSince they happen often, some people dont take them seriouslyGBut you can reduce those chances by following these s

19、afety rules.语法填空Two new satellites of the BeiDou Navigation (导航) Satellite System (BDS) 1._(send) into space on a Long March3B carrier rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in Sichuan Province, China at 2：07 a. m. on November 19, 2018. The satellites entered a Medium Earth orbit 2._ (safe)

20、 more than three hours later and will work with 17 other BDS3 satellites already in space.They are also the 42nd and 43rd 3._ (member) of the BDS satellite family.China launched these satellites with 4._ aim of providing navigation services for countries and regions which participate in the Belt and

21、 Road Initiative (倡议) by the end of 2018. “This is a key step for BDS developing 5._ a Chinese experimental system to a regional and then a 6._ (globe) navigation system, said Yang Changfeng, chief designer of the BeiDou system. “The positioning 7._ (accurate) of the BDS3 system has been improved to

22、 2.5 metres to 5 metres，” said Yang.8_ (name) after the Chinese term for the Plough, the BeiDou system has been serving China for 18 years 9._ another six BDS3 satellites will be put into the Medium Earth orbit from 2019 to 2020. The system is expected 10._ (provide) firstclass services around the g

23、lobe by the end of 2020.写作(共两节)第一节应用文写作假定你是光明中学的李华，请根据以下要点向你的美国笔友Tom写一封英文信，介绍你校刚刚建成的实验室和同学们上实验课的情况。内容包括： 1.实验室设备齐全、先进； 2.老师非常优秀，实验课生动、有趣、有意义； 3.同学们动手动脑，积极活跃；观察和实践能力迅速提高。注意：1词数80左右；2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Tom， How are you going? Now Im writing to_Yours，Li Hua第二节概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右

24、的内容概要。As adults we realize that there are differences involving boys and girls. One huge difference between boys and girls is motion (运动). Boys tend to move from the minute they are born. Girls will focus on a persons face, but a boy on the other hand likes to focus on movement. Because boys are mor

25、e likely to be in motion, they are more likely to harm themselves, so I guess boys really will be boys.It appears that girls are smarter than boys when theyre babies and toddlers (学步的儿童). Even once they start school, girls appear to learn faster. Girls arent smarter; they just have much more concent

26、ration when they are younger. The motion that baby boys show from birth stays with them through being a toddler and in their early school years. Thats why girls seem to hit their milestones quicker than boys. Boys will have more concentration as they get older, and quickly catch up in those later sc

27、hool years.The concentration factor might clarify why boys appear much less fearful than girls. When we explain issues to little girls, they listen better. And when we clarify things with greater details, they have a greater understanding of what could occur. Small boys dont focus as girls, so they

28、arent obtaining the full reason why they ought not to do something. Due to the lack of information they appear to take greater risks.With all of that being said, bear in mind each boy and each girl is unique and goes through many stages. For instance a girl who played with trucks and loved sports, m

29、ight grow up to be a supermodel or the next Martha Stewart. The little boy, who used to love to play dolls house, can become the best quarterback in the National Football League, or a corporate giant. Children go through several stages in life. Encourage them to be who they are and try to rid yourse

30、lf of who you believe they should be._课时作业(四)Writing必备知识基础练.单词拼写1press2.shoot3.capable4.desire5.passive6.beyond7experiments8.mental9.conducts.单句语法填空1flexibly2.significance3.accurately4.declaration5.to6.for7have been produced8.have been opened9.is 10.likes关键能力提升练.阅读【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项发明，发明者将能够“听”雨

31、的传感器放入雨伞内，这样这把伞就可以测量降雨量了。1答案与解析：B考查写作目的。根据全文内容尤其是第一段中的“A researcher in the Netherlands has designed a simple sensor(传感器)that listens to rain”可知，文章主要介绍了一项发明，发明者将能够“听”雨的传感器放入雨伞内，这样这把伞就可以测量降雨量了。2答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。由第一段中的“that sensor can turn an umbrella into a rainmeasuring expert”可知，这个传感器能将雨伞变成一个测量降雨量的专家，也

32、就是说这样的工具能帮助人们测量天气。故应选C项。 3答案与解析：D考查细节理解。由第四段中的“A host of big buildings can change how air and rain move during a storm.”可知，在城市中，大片的高楼能够改变空气和雨的活动。这也就是官方的天气预报站难以精确地测量城市中的降雨量的原因。4答案与解析：C考查细节理解。由文章最后一句可知，Hut将会改善传感器使其更精准，故C项正确。.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了雷暴的危害以及几条关于减少雷暴伤害的安全措施。1答案与解析：F空处承接上文，根据空前的“In the sprin

33、g and summer months，thunderstorms are common.”可知，在春季和夏季，雷暴是常见的。综合选项可知，F项“因为雷暴时常发生，所以一些人并不重视”入选。F项中的“happen often”照应上文中的“common”。2答案与解析：D由上文中的“but nearly 1,800 thunderstorms are happening at any moment around the world”可知，但是世界上随时都有将近1 800次雷暴发生。而空后及接下来的内容是应对雷暴天气的安全措施，故空处要介绍的是雷暴对人类造成的危害，故D选项入选。3答案与解析：G

34、空处承上启下，根据下文中介绍减少雷暴伤害的安全措施可知，本空引出下文中的措施，故G项“但是通过遵守以下这些安全条例，你可以降低(被闪电击中的)可能性”入选。4答案与解析：E根据“Never use the phone.”可知，在雷暴天气时，你在屋内不能用电话，故接下来要说用电话带来的危害。故E项符合语境。5答案与解析：B根据空后的“If theres no building around，try to find a low place to stay in.”可知，如果附近没有建筑，那就找个低矮的地方，待在那里。分析选项可知B项承接下文，告诉我们在室外遭受雷暴时，要马上进入附近的建筑内。故选B

35、。.语法填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北斗卫星导航系统的信息以及两颗卫星的发射升空让北斗卫星导航系统更加完善。1答案与解析：were sent考查动词的时态和语态。两颗北斗卫星导航系统的卫星在2018年由长征三号乙运载火箭送入太空。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，send与主语为动宾关系，陈述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态were sent。2答案与解析：safely考查副词。句意：这两颗卫星三个多小时后成功进入中地球轨道，并将与其他17颗BDS3卫星在太空中协同工作。修饰动词应用副词，故用safely。3答案与解析：members考查名词。句意：它们也是北斗卫星导航系统的

36、第42和第43颗卫星。根据the 42nd and 43rd可知，本空应用名词复数形式members。4答案与解析：the考查定冠词。中国发射这些卫星的目的是为加入“一带一路”倡议的国家和地区提供导航服务。with the aim of意为“目的是”，故本空应用定冠词the。5答案与解析：from考查介词。句意：这对于北斗卫星导航系统从中国的一个实验系统发展成为一个区域性的系统，再到全球性的导航系统来说是关键的一步。分析句子可知，此处的结构为“from.to”，故用from。6答案与解析：global考查形容词。句意：这对于北斗卫星导航系统从中国的一个实验系统发展成为一个区域性的系统，再到全球

37、性的导航系统来说是关键的一步。本空修饰名词system，故应用形容词global“全球的”。7答案与解析：accuracy考查名词。句意：BDS3系统的位置精确性已经提高到了2.5米至5米。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，故用名词accuracy“准确性”。8答案与解析：Named考查非谓语动词。句意：以北斗七星的汉语名称命名的北斗卫星导航系统已经服务中国18年了。分析句子结构可知，逗号前的内容作状语，name与其逻辑主语the BeiDou system为逻辑上的动宾关系，且位于句首，故本空应用过去分词Named。9答案与解析：where考查定语从句。句意：另外六颗BDS3卫星将于2019年

38、至2020年进入中地球轨道。分析句子结构可知，“another six BDS3 satellites will be put into the Medium Earth orbit from 2019 to 2020”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the BeiDou system，从句缺少状语，故用关系副词where。10答案与解析：to provide考查动词不定式。句意：这个系统预计到2020年底为全球提供一流的(导航)服务。expect.to do sth.意为“预计做某事”，故本空应用不定式to provide。.写作(共两节)第一节：参考范文：Dear Tom，How are yo

39、u going? Now Im writing to introduce our new lab to you.The new lab is equipped with all kinds of advanced laboratory facilities. Our teachers who teach us physics and chemistry are very excellent. They always make classes lively, interesting and meaningful. And the students always listen carefully,

40、 think deeply and practice actively according to the teachers instructions. So our abilities of observing and practicing improve rapidly.As students，every one of us should treasure the beneficial conditions and make good use of our lab to help us study.Yours，Li Hua第二节：参考范文：There are differences betw

41、een boys and girls the minute they are born, of which one huge difference is motion. (要点 1) Girls are more likely to concentrate so they appear to learn faster when they are younger. (要点2) Boys are less fearful and tend to take greater risks due to lack of concentration. (要点3) Whatever the differences, each child is unique and well worth encouraging.(要点4)