北京市西城区2021届高三下学期一模英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、西城区高三统一测试英语本试卷共15页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Some dreams take longer to come true than others, but with the help of 21st-century social media and her great-grandson, at the

2、age of 110, one British woman is _1_ hers at long last. At the end of World War I, Amy Hawkins was a 7-year-old child who loved nothing more than to _2_. As a teen, Hawkins set her _3_ on becoming an entertainer. Hawkins was on her way, touring the country with a dance troupe (歌舞团) until her ambitio

3、n was _4_ by her mom, who didnt see it as a respectable _5_ for a young lady.All these years later, the 110-year-old lady lives at home in Monmouth, South Wales, surrounded by her loved ones. The four-generation family unit includes her granddaughter, Hannah Freeman, and Freemans 14-year-old son, Sa

4、cha. Even though shes no longer doing it _6_, Hawkins has never stopped singing.“Shes like a clock, once you wind her up she wont stop,” Freeman said in an interview. “She just keeps asking, Would you _7_ another one?.”On Hawkins 110th birthday, Sacha _8_ his great-gran singing one of her favorite W

5、WI tunes. When Freeman jokingly suggested Sacha post it to TikTok, neither of them could have _9_ the overwhelmingly positive response it would receive, reaching 100,000 views and a large number of emotional praises in just days.Some journeys take longer than others. Sometimes, were detoured (绕路) al

6、ong the way. Dreams can and do come true every day. While its been a long time coming, Amy Hawkins is _10_ a whole new generation of fans.1. A. reflectingB. realizingC. recallingD. researching2. A. singB. studyC. paintD. film3. A. valuesB. limitsC. sightsD. hands4. A. cut backB. cut inC. cut through

7、D. cut short5. A. methodB. gradeC. levelD. occupation6. A. nervouslyB. professionallyC. reasonablyD. secretly7. A. bringB. haveC. likeD. read8. A. caughtB. videoedC. reportedD. remembered9. A. imaginedB. noticedC. missedD. suspected10. A. entertainingB. becomingC. representingD. inviting【答案】1. B 2.

8、A 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了Amy Hawkins从小喜欢唱歌并立志当一名艺人，却不被妈妈看好，直到她110岁时还在坚持歌唱梦想的故事。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些梦想要比其他的更久才能实现，但在21世纪的社交媒体和她曾孙的帮助下，一位110岁的英国女性终于实现了自己的梦想。A. reflecting反思，反射；B. realizing实现，意识到；C. recalling回忆；D. researching研究。根据上文“Some dreams take longer to c

9、ome true than others”可知，空后的“hers”指代的就是dream“梦想”。因此这里要用realizing。故选B项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一次世界大战结束时，艾米霍金斯还是个7岁的孩子，她最喜欢的就是唱歌。A. sing唱歌；B. study学习；C. paint画画；D. film电影，摄制电影。根据下文“Hawkins was on her way, touring the country with a dance troupe (歌舞团)”和“Hawkins has never stopped singing.”可知，霍金斯最喜欢唱歌。故选A项。【3

10、题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍金斯十几岁时就立志要成为一名艺人。A. values价值；B. limits限制；C. sights视力，景象，眼界；D. hands手。根据本句结构可知，这里是短语set ones sight on“力求，立志于”。由此可见，十几岁时的霍金斯立志要当一个艺人。故选C项。【4题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：霍金斯当时正在路上，她和一个舞蹈团在全国巡回演出，直到她的梦想被她的母亲终止了，她的母亲认为这不是一个年轻女士应该做的体面职业。A. cut back削减，修剪；B. cut in插嘴，超车；C. cut through刺穿，抄近路走过；D. cut sho

11、rt缩短，打断。根据下句“who didnt see it as a respectable5for a young lady”可知，霍金斯的妈妈认为当艺人不体面，由此可判断出是不赞同她去走这条路的，因此霍金斯的雄心被中断了。故选D项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍金斯当时正在路上，她和一个舞蹈团在全国巡回演出，直到她的梦想被她的母亲终止了，她的母亲认为这不是一个年轻女士应该做的体面职业。A. method方法；B. grade年级，分数；C. level水平；D. occupation职业。根据上文中的“Hawkins set her3on becoming an entertain

12、er.”以及“until her ambition was4by her mom”可判断出，霍金斯长大了想把当艺人当成一份工作，但是被妈妈不认同，因为她妈妈认为艺人是一个不受尊重的职业。故选D项。6题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管霍金斯已经不再是职业歌手，但她从未停止过唱歌。A.nervously焦虑地；B. professionally专业地；C. reasonably合理地；D. secretly秘密地。根据第二段第三句“until her ambition was4by her mom, who didnt see it as a respectable5for a young la

13、dy.”可知，霍金斯由于妈妈的阻挠，没有从事唱歌这个职业，因此就有了，她不是职业歌手，但是从未停止唱歌。故选B项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直在问，你想再来一杯吗？ A. bring带来；B. have有；C. like喜欢；D. read读。根据上文中的“Shes like a clock, once you wind her up she wont stop,” Freeman said in an interview.”可知，此处是在采访中的情景，采访者再问霍金斯是否还想再喝一杯。故选C项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在霍金斯110岁生日那天，萨夏拍下了他曾祖母唱她

14、最喜欢的WWI歌曲之一的视频。A. caught抓住；B. videoed录制；C. reported报告；D. remembered记得。根据第五段第二句“When Freeman jokingly suggested Sacha post it to TikTok”可知，此处是把录制的视频发布到抖音上去。故选B项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们俩谁也没有想到它会在短短几天内得到如此压倒性的积极回应，点击量达到了10万次，还有大量的情感赞扬。A. imagined想象；B. noticed注意到；C. missed想念；D. suspected怀疑。根据空后“neither of

15、them could have9the overwhelmingly positive response it would receive, reaching 100,000 views and a large number of emotional praises in just days.”可知，录制的视频发布到网上以后有很大的相应，这很难想象的到。故选A项。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在漫长的等待之后，艾米霍金斯迎来了新一代的粉丝A. entertaining娱乐，招待；B. becoming成为；C. representing代表；D. inviting邀请。根据空前一句“W

16、hile its been a long time coming”可知，由于母亲的原因霍金斯没有从事歌唱事业，但是在110岁的时候一举成名迎来了自己的第一批粉丝。故选A项。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Invented _11_ early twentieth-century America by Richard Drew, Scotch tape can be used to fix almost anything. However, the

17、re is more to this fix-it-all than just that. Sticky yet easily removed, Scotch tape was designed for use in painting carsto mask off areas that should not _12_ (paint). The tape soon found other uses. During the 1930s, people didnt have much money, so they couldnt throw away damaged things; they ha

18、d to repair them. Drews painting tape became a popular, money-saving fix for everything from torn clothing to broken eggs. Since then, people _13_ (find) all sorts of creative ways to use the sticky tape.【答案】11. in 12. be painted 13. have found【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了透明胶带的发明和运用史。【11题详解】考查介词。句意：在20世纪早期的美国，

19、理查德德鲁发明了透明胶带，它可以用来固定几乎任何东西。语法填空题中无提示词的情况下，通常填介词、冠词、连词和代词。结合句意可知介词in与early twentieth-century America构成地点状语，表示“在20世纪早期的美国”。故填in。【12题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：透明胶带是为汽车喷漆而设计的，用它来遮盖不应该涂漆的地方。分析句子结构可知that为定语从句修饰先行词areas。再分析定语从句结构可知paint是从句中谓语动词，且和主语that即areas之间有被动关系，所以应该使用被动语态, 又因前有情态动词should，因而应用be painted。故填be pai

20、nted。【13题详解】考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，人们找到了各种有创意的使用胶带的方法。分析句子结构可知find在句中作谓语动词，同时句中有常与现在完成时态连用的Since时间状语，所以应使用现在完成时态，又因people作主语时谓语动词常用复数，所以应用have found。故填have found。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。After a lot of preparation, Joseph Lockwood and Philippa Amos were finally ready to

21、 start their journey into the Amazon rainforest. They were feeling _14_ (cheer) as they sailed down the great river. Eventually, they got out of the boat and walked into the darkness of the jungle. Neither of them had ever been in such an extreme situation before, using just a compass (指南针) to find

22、the area where the kind of frog they wanted to study _15_ (live). Suddenly, Joseph, who was holding the compass, tripped and lost it in a river. The situation seemed hopelesshow would they find the frogs now? But just _16_ they started to feel really sad and worried that their journey _17_ (be) a fa

23、ilure, they saw the frogs they had come to look for.【答案】14. cheerful 15. lived 16. as 17. would be【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍约瑟夫洛克伍德和菲利帕阿莫斯在亚马逊雨林寻找青蛙之旅。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们沿着大河航行，心情很愉快。系动词feel后接形容词作表语。故填cheerful。【15题详解】考查时态。句意：他们俩之前都没有经历过如此极端的情况，只需要用一个指南针就能找到他们想研究的这种青蛙生活的地方。分析句子结构可知，定语从句中主语为the kind of fr

24、og，后接省略关系代词的定语从句they wanted to study修饰主语，所以从句缺少谓语动词。根据文章时态可知，用一般过去时。故填lived。【16题详解】考查连词。句意：但是正当他们开始感到非常难过，担心他们的旅程会失败的时候，他们看到了他们来寻找的青蛙。句中用连词as，表示“当时候”。just as正当的时候。故填as。【17题详解】考查时态。句意：但是正当他们开始感到非常难过，担心他们的旅程会失败的时候，他们看到了他们来寻找的青蛙。分析句子可知，用过去将来时，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。故填would be。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示

25、词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The Longji Rice Terraces (龙脊梯田) were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home. Starting in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces took hundreds of years. The terraces are _18_ (clever) designed, with hundreds of waterways that connect

26、 with each other. During the rainy season, it is along these waterways that rainwater _19_ (move) down the mountains and into the terraces. These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects _20_ can harm the rice crops. Today the Longji Rice Terraces

27、 attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together.【答案】18. cleverly 19. moves 20. that/which【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要简要介绍了龙脊梯田的设计和历史。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：梯田设计巧妙，数百条水道相互连接。根据下文动词 “designed”可知设空处应填副词进行修饰。故填cleverly。【19题详解】考查时态。句意：在雨季，雨水沿着这些水道从山上流下，进入

28、梯田。根据分析句子，“rainwater”为主语，设空处为谓语。根据上文“is”及语意，可知此处时态应为一般现在时。主语rainwater不可数，谓语用单数形式。故填moves。【20题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了完美的环境，其中一些以危害水稻作物的昆虫为食。根据分析句子，此处应为定语从句。设空处在从句中作主语，且先行词为insects，应填that/which。故填that/which。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AImmers

29、ive Van GoghFrom the creators of the blockbuster show in Paris seen by over two million visitors and still wowing crowds in Toronto, the west coast premiere (首场) of the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit will bring the art of Vincent to life in Los Angeles.Immersive art is not just a technical way to repres

30、ent video and audio in huge spaces. The word immersive indicates a deep commitment of intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to experience a different way of the art.True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic (偶像的) paintings of Vincent van Gogh int

31、o moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half-a-million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-impressionists most recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night.You will experience art like never beforelose yourself in e

32、ntrancing, moving images that highlight brushstrokes, detail, and colortruly illuminating (照亮) the mind of the genius.LOCATIONThe Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit is located at a secret place situated in the heart of Los Angeles. To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will recei

33、ve an email with the place name and location once it is made public.TICKET PRICESVIP TICKETS$99.99 Priority accessVan Gogh cushion (a gift for you)Limited edition posterPREMIUM TICKETS$59.99Van Gogh cushion (rental)Limited edition posterBASIC TICKETS$54.99Admission onlyCHILD TICKETS$29.99Ages 616 (c

34、hildren 5 and under do not require a ticket)Admission onlyChild tickets are not subject to change of date feesTickets are available online at . GIFT SHOPStop by our Exhibit Gift Shop to take the magic of Van Gogh home with you! From clothing and jewelry to home dcor, childrens books, and so much mor

35、e, you will find unique and thoughtful souvenirs at the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit. Also be sure to check out at our online store!Experience the organic landscapes of Van Goghs imagination, and journey through his brilliance and madness in a completely new and unforgettable way.21. According to the

36、passage, the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit _.A. presents Van Goghs art in a modern wayB. begins a journey to Van Goghs hometownC. displays Van Goghs paintings on moving wallsD. designs projects on Van Goghs learning experience22. From where can people find information about the exact location of the ex

37、hibit?A. An email.B. A website.C. The ticket office.D. The gift shop.23. How much should a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion at least pay for the visit?A. $109.98.B. $154.98.C. $159.98.D. $199.98.【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了这场沉浸式梵高作品展在西海岸的首映式将在洛杉矶让梵

38、高的艺术重现人间。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent video and audio in huge spaces. The word immersive indicates a deep commitment of intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to experience a different way of the art.(沉浸式艺术不仅仅是在巨大空

39、间中表现视频和音频的技术方法。沉浸式这个词表明了一种深刻的意图，通过将图像和声音连接起来，让观众能够体验到一种不同的艺术方式)”以及第三段“True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic paintings of Vincent van Gogh into moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half-a-million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-im

40、pressionists most recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night.(正如它的名字一样，这次展览将文森特梵高的标志性画作变成了移动的、充满墙壁的投影。Immersive Van Gogh承诺将使用50万立方英尺的投影，呈现出印象派最著名的作品，包括卧室、向日葵，没错，还有星夜)”可知，沉浸式艺术是一种将图像和声音连接起来的新型艺术形式。本次梵高绘画展演就是要通过沉浸式艺术展现。由此推知，本次展演将通过一种新的方式呈现。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五

41、段“To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will receive an email with the place name and location once it is made public.(在展览开始前宣布，一旦公开，现有的门票持有者将收到一封附有地点和地点的电子邮件)”可知，想要得到本次展演的确切地点，只能通过电子邮件。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据题干“a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gog

42、h cushion (一对夫妇和一个5岁的孩子，并且想拥有一个梵高坐垫)”可知，一共有两个成人，一个五岁的小孩，并且想要梵高坐垫。再结合“Ages 616 (children 5 and under do not require a ticket)”可知，五岁以下的小孩不需要门票。再根据题干中“own a Van Gogh cushion”可知，想要得到一份Van Gogh cushion必须其中一人购买VIP TICKETS，即需要$99.99。另一个人只需要购买BASIC TICKETS(基本门票)，即需要$54.99。所以a couple with a 5-year-old child

43、who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion (一对夫妇和一个5岁的孩子，并且想拥有一个梵高坐垫)至少需要$154.98。故选B。BIda Nelson and her sister were relaxing and enjoying themselves in the sauna (桑拿室) when she heard a series of long low sounds from a small airplane circling the nearby airport. It was 11:30 at night in the Alaskan vi

44、llage of Igiugig, population 70, and, as she told the reporter, “Any time a plane flies over that late, you know something is wrong.”Nelson and her sister leaped out of the sauna, ran to the window, and saw the problem: The airports runway lights were out.Nelson threw on some clothes, jumped into he

45、r ATV, and floored it to the airport, where she found a local pilot trying to turn on the lights manually.“Normally, if you push the button 10 or 15 times, the lights will just light up,” Nelson told KTOO out of Juneau. Not this time. Meanwhile, she and the pilot learned of the planes urgent mission

46、: It was a medevac (医疗救护直升机), there to transport a seriously ill local girl to the nearest hospital, 280 miles away in Anchorage. Nelson had a plan. Driving her ATV to the end of the runway, she shone her headlights for the plane to follow. Great idea, but it wasnt enough. More light was needed, so

47、a neighbor called nearly every home in the village32 of them.Within 20 minutes, 20 vehicles arrived at the airport, many of the drivers still in pajamas (睡衣). Following directions from the medevac pilot, the cars lined up on one side of the runway.The medevac made its final approach and, guided by t

48、he headlights, landed safely. The young patient was loaded onto the aircraft, and the plane immediately took off again. Her illness was never publicly revealed, but she has since been released from the hospital.In a world filled with uncertainty, the little communitys positive activism was a big dea

49、l. Not so much for Nelson. As she told the reporter, in Igiugig, coming together “is kind of a normal deal.”24. What problem did the medevac have?A. It arrived late.B. Its lights were broken.C. It couldnt land safely.D. It needed a local pilot.25. What was Nelsons plan to help?A. Helping the pilot t

50、o repair the lights.B. Calling her neighbors to help together.C. Shining the headlights for the plane to follow.D. Sending the seriously ill girl to the hospital in her ATV.26. What does the story intend to tell us?A. Knowledge starts with practice.B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.C. Nothing i

51、s impossible to the man who will try.D. A small act of kindness can make a big difference.【答案】24. C 25. C 26. D【解析】本文为记叙文。文章讲解了艾达纳尔逊和她的妹妹帮助救护直升机安全着陆，使得飞机把重病的女孩送到医院。这个故事想告诉我们一个小小的善举可以带来很大的影响。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Nelson and her sister leaped out of the sauna, ran to the window, and saw the problem: The

52、airports runway lights were out.（尼尔森和她的妹妹跳出桑拿房，跑到窗前，发现了问题所在:机场的跑道灯熄灭了）”和第四段“Nelson threw on some clothes, jumped into her ATV, and floored it to the airport, where she found a local pilot trying to turn on the lights manually.（尼尔森穿上衣服，跳上她的沙滩车，踩着油门驶向机场，在那里她发现一名当地飞行员正试图手动开灯）”以及倒数第二段 “The medevac made

53、its final approach and, guided by the headlights, landed safely. （救护直升机在前灯的指引下完成了最后的着陆）”可推知，因为机场跑道的灯熄灭了，医疗救护直升机无法安全着陆，最后在前灯的指引下完成了最后的着陆。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Nelson had a plan. Driving her ATV to the end of the runway, she shone her headlights for the plane to follow. （尼尔森有一个计划。她开着她的沙滩车走到跑道的尽头，她点亮

54、车头灯，让后面的飞机跟着）”可知，尼尔森的计划是点亮沙滩车前灯，让飞机跟随着过来。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“In a world filled with uncertainty, the little communitys positive activism was a big deal.（在一个充满不确定性的世界里，这个小社区的积极行动是一件大事）”可知，这个小社区的积极行动产生很大影响，因此，这个故事想告诉我们一个小小的善举可以带来很大的影响。故选D项。CHumans overconsumption of resources is a leading contrib

55、utor to global climate change, says University of Arizona researcher Sabrina Helm. Therefore, its increasingly important to understand the choices consumers make and how those decisions affect the health of a planet with limited resources. In a new study, published in the journal Young Consumers, He

56、lm and her colleagues explore how materialistic values influence pro-environmental behaviors in millennials, who are now the nations most influential group of consumers. The researchers focused on two main categories of pro-environmental behaviors: reduced consumption, which includes actions like re

57、pairing instead of replacing older items; and “green buying,” or purchasing products designed to limit environmental impacts. The researchers also looked at how engaging in pro-environmental behaviors affects consumer well-being.More materialistic participants, the researchers found, were unlikely t

58、o engage in reduced consumption. However, materialism did not seem to have an effect on their likelihood of practicing “green buying.” Thats probably because “green buying,” unlike reduced consumption, still offers a way for materialists to fulfill their desire to get new items, Helm said.Study part

59、icipants who reported having fewer materialistic values were much more likely to engage in reduced consumption. Consuming less was, in turn, linked to higher personal well-being and lower psychological suffering. Green buyingwhich may have some positive environmental effects, although to a smaller d

60、egree than reduced consumptionwas not found to improve consumer well-being, Helm said.The take-home message for consumers: “The key is to reduce consumption and not just buy green stuff. Having less and buying less can actually make us more satisfied and happier,” Helm said. “If you have a lot of st

61、uff, you have a lot on your mind,” she said. “For example, it requires maintenance and theres a lot of burdens of ownership, and if you relieve yourself of that burden of ownership, most people report feeling a lot better and freer.”Helm and her colleagues additionally looked at how materialism affe

62、cts millennial consumers proactive financial behaviors, such as budgeting and saving. Examining financial behaviors alongside pro-environmental behaviors provides a picture of how young adults proactively deal with resource limitations in two contexts: environmental and financial, Helm said.As expec

63、ted, Helm and her colleagues found that those who reported having more materialistic values engaged in fewer proactive financial behaviors than their less materialistic counterparts (对应的人). The researchers also found that, consistent with previous studies, proactive financial behaviors were associat

64、ed with better personal well-being, life satisfaction and financial satisfaction, as well as lower psychological suffering.Understanding how materialistic values impact consumer behaviors, and how those behaviors in turn affect personal and environmental well-being, is important, Helm said. However,

65、 she acknowledges that for many consumers, shifting behaviors to be more financially proactive and consume less will be challenging.27. What do we know about pro-environmental behaviors?A. They are a cause of climate change.B. They lead to a more satisfying life.C. They vary in different age groups.

66、D. They are affected by materialism.28. It can be learned from Helms study that _.A. ownership of green products brings a sense of happinessB. materialists prefer practicing green buying to buying lessC. green buying helps control peoples desire to buy new itemsD. buying less and green buying have s

67、imilar effects on people29. According to the study, which of the following can improve ones well-being?A. Replacing older items.B. Developing new resources.C. Buying greener products.D. Being careful with expenses.30. What is Helm probably going to explain in the next paragraph?A. When people develo

68、p proactive financial behaviors.B. Which financial behaviors lead to mental well-being.C. Why it is hard to change peoples financial behaviors.D. How materialistic values influence financial behaviors.【答案】27. D 28. B 29. D 30. C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，说明了物质主义消费观对环保行为的影响以及与个体幸福感之间的关系。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第一自然段中“Hel

69、m and her colleagues explore how materialistic values influence pro-environmental behaviors in millennials,.”（Helm和她的同事探索了物质主义价值观如何影响千禧一代的环保行为，）可知，materialistic values即materialism对pro-environmental behaviors有影响。故选D项。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三自然段中“More materialistic participants, were unlikely to engage in re

70、duced consumption. However, materialism did not seem to have an effect on their likelihood of practicing “green buying.”（更崇尚物质的参与者不太可能减少消费。然而，物质主义似乎对他们进行“绿色购买”的可能性没有影响。）可知，物质主义者不太可能减少消费，但他们愿意 “绿色购买”。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四自然段中“Consuming less was, in turn, linked to higher personal well-being and lowe

71、r psychological suffering.”（反之，消费越少，个人幸福感越高，心理痛苦越少。）可知不崇尚物质，消费少的个体幸福感更高，因此“Being careful with expenses”也就是精打细算的人更幸福。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。在末段尾句“However, she acknowledges that for many consumers, shifting behaviors to be more financially proactive and consume less will be challenging.”（不过，她也承认，对许多消费者来说，改

72、变消费行为，在财务上更加主动，减少消费将是一个挑战。）中作者说改变消费行为很难，按逻辑推理可知下一段中会解释为什么难。故选C项。DPlants, and the insects which rely on them, are the living foundations of our planet. But these foundations are under stress because we have a tendency to replace fields and forests with decorative trees and shrubs imported from around

73、 the world. Adding to the problem, our obsession (痴迷) with perfection leads us to use a lot of pesticides (杀虫剂). These actions are part of the reason global biodiversity is crashing. There are over three billion fewer wild birds in North America than there were in 1970. Recent research shows that in

74、sect numbers, even in nature reserves, have fallen, and 40 percent of all insect species may be extinct within a few decades. This is discouraging news; however, there are actions we can take to help bring at least some species back. The first step is to redefine our concept of “garden” to include m

75、ore than just plants. We need to intentionally share our space, and not just with the birds, bees and butterflies that visit our flowers, but also with the little insects that may eat a part (very rarely all) of our plants. Therefore, we must limit pesticide use. Its crucial to support natures recov

76、ery, and its much better for everyone: no doctor has ever recommended long-term exposure to pesticides.Many drought-tolerant plants brought in from across the planet are being passed off as ecofriendly. However, mostly theyre not. Yes, youre saving water, but these foreign plants can become disaster

77、s when they escape our yards. Helping the environment can be about more than saving water. Even in drier areas, like the American West, the selection of attractive native plants to choose from is vast. If dry is your style, there are native wildflowers, flowering bushes and trees that allow you to s

78、ave water and nature. Xeriscapes (节水型园艺) leave many gardeners thirsting for green, and theres an important alternative that has been largely ignored. For those disenchanted with dry landscaping, using underappreciated and water-loving native plants to make your garden a real-life oasis (绿洲) could be

79、 lifesaving to wildlife. In nature, this unsung group of native plants is limited to riparian zones, the narrow belts of green along water bodies, but if consumers demand them, nurseries will increasingly carry these riparian species, and the presence of such plants in the garden will provide for ma

80、ny animals including not just butterflies and their relatives but also colorful birds. The ideal garden would offer a combination of drought-tolerant native plants and a few species that need a little more water, providing options for little guests and the bigger ones that will come to eat them. As

81、more creatures stop by to share our yards, we will be making nature, and us all, a little healthier.31. What do we know about insect species?A. They have an impact on the diversity of plants.B. They disappear because of lack of nature reserves.C. They decrease partly due to our pursuit for perfectio

82、n.D. They are the reason why we replace fields and forests.32. The underlined phrase “disenchanted with” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _.A. sick ofB. addicted toC. concerned aboutD. impatient with33. The passage mainly talks about _.A. why we need grow native plants in gardensB. how garden

83、ing helps with biodiversityC. whether we should redefine “garden”D. what benefits gardening brings34. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point C: ConclusionA. B. C. D. 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了园艺如何帮助大自然保持其

84、生物多样性。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Adding to the problem, our obsession (痴迷) with perfection leads us to use a lot of pesticides.”可知，更令人困扰的是，因为人们追求完美从而使用了大量的杀虫剂。再由第二段的“These actions are part of the reason global biodiversity is crashing. ”可知，这些行动一定程度上减少了全球生物多样性。因此，昆虫种类的减少的部分原因是人们追求完美。故选C。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据上一句中的

85、“Xeriscapes leave many gardeners thirsting for green, and theres an important alternative that has been largely ignored. ”可知，节水型园艺使许多园丁渴望获得绿色，并且有一种重要的替代方法已被很大程度上忽略。再由划线句子中的“using underappreciated and water-loving native plants to make your garden a real-life oasis could be lifesaving to wildlife”可知，

86、使用价值不高且喜欢水的本土植物使你的花园成为真实的绿洲可能会挽救野生动植物的生命。这种做法即是被人们忽视的，产生的结果便是园艺渴望获得绿色，即他们“讨厌”干旱环境，因此划线部分意为“不喜欢，讨厌”。故选A。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The ideal garden would offer a combination of drought-tolerant native plants and a few species that need a little more water, providing options for little guests and the bigger

87、ones that will come to eat them. As more creatures stop by to share our yards, we will be making nature, and us all, a little healthier.”可知，理想的花园要提供耐旱的本地植物和一些需要更多水的物种，为大大小小的昆虫提供觅食选择。随着越来越多的生物来到我们的花园，我们将使大自然（包括人类本身）变得更加健康。因此文章主要谈论的是园艺如何帮助大自然保持其生物多样性。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段指出植物以及依赖它们的昆虫是我们星球的生命基础，但这个基础

88、目前的状况并不乐观，并指出了造成这种情况的原因，这是中心观点；第二段举例说明全球生物多样性减少，并引出下文的解决措施；第三段开始讲解决问题的措施，提出了减少农药的使用；第四段和第五段谈的是节水措施；最后一段提出了理想的花园要有耐旱的本地植物和一些需要更多水的植物，就此得出结论，即人们要帮助大自然保持其生物多样性，因此文章的结构应为D项。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If you text often, you likely have a “texting style”. Do you oft

89、en use emojis? Or what about using correct punctuation (标点)? What do all these texting habits say about you? To help you understand yourself, here are some texting styles that can tell you a lot about your personality. Do you always use emojis when youre texting? Youre most likely someone who is ope

90、n to showing your emotions and is truthful. _35_ To make sure the other person doesnt get the wrong idea about your messages, you make sure to express the tone of messages with an emoji, which can be often used as effective signals in modern social communication.If you like to respond in one-word te

91、xts like a quick “Good”, then you most likely have a more reserved personality, and arent as open with your true thoughts and feelings. Because you are not as open with your emotions in texts, you may not care how lengthy your response is. But be careful. _36_ Do you value punctuation and grammar in

92、 your writing? This love of grammar goes straight into your texts as well as your emails. This seems like a great thing, doesnt it? But in texting, people seem to think otherwise. Simply placing a period at the end of sentences in texts can make you come across as untrustworthy to others. _37_ With

93、this texting style, you are rooted in logic and always pay attention to the little details.Are your texts lengthy and thoughtful? _38_ Similar to someone who texts with perfect grammar, you are a thoughtful and detail-oriented person, who enjoys deep conversations and likes things that are controlle

94、d and stable. _39_ Which texting personality are you? Are you a mix of several types? Its important to note that everyone has different ways of texting in different situations. Everyone texts their colleagues in a different style from their family or their friends. If you ever think someone may have

95、 left you an unclear or rude text, its better to just ask them in-person what they meant or what they were feeling.A. Do you relate to any of these texting personalities?B. Do you know that you and your friends may have different styles?C. Such texts may also be rated as less sincere than those that

96、 do not.D. You may be the busy type who doesnt have a lot of time to respond.E. Youre the type of person who understands the importance of context.F. You want others to know how youre feeling when youre using a message.G. If youre texting someone with a different text personality, they may view your

97、 text as negative.【答案】35. F 36. G 37. C 38. E 39. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些发信息的风格，通过这些不同的风格，可以让你了解一些关于你个性方面的信息。【35题详解】下文 “To make sure the other person doesnt get the wrong idea about your messages, you make sure to express the tone of messages with an emoji, which can be often used as effective signals

98、in modern social communication. (为了确保对方不会误解你的信息，你一定要用表情符号来表达信息的语气，这种表情符号在现代社会交际中经常被用作有效的信号) ”提到为了让对方准确理解你的信息，会用表情符号来表达信息的语气，表达自己的感受，这说明要让收到信息的人知道你所表达的感受，所以选项F“你想让别人知道你发信息时的感受”符合语境，故选F。【36题详解】上文“If you like to respond in one-word texts like a quick “Good”, then you most likely have a more reserved pe

99、rsonality, and arent as open with your true thoughts and feelings. (如果你喜欢像“好”这样一个词的文本回复，那么你很可能有一个相对更保守的个性，而不是公开表达你的真实想法和感受) ”以及“But be careful. (但是你要小心)”提到，你个性保守，回复简单，但是要小心。那么下文会提到你要小心的原因，所以选项G“如果你发短信给另一个个性不同的人，他们可能会认为你的短信是消极的”也就是别人可能并不认为你是保守而是消极，故选G。【37题详解】上文“Simply placing a period at the end of s

100、entences in texts can make you come across as untrustworthy to others. (简单地在文本信息中的句子末尾用一个句号，你会发现别人会认为你不可信)”提到发信息不注意标点会让人觉得你不可信。选项C“这类文本也可能被评为不如那些没有标点的真诚”，是对上文内容的进一步说明，都提到了标点的问题，选项中less sincere对应上文untrustworthy，故选C。【38题详解】上文“Are your texts lengthy and thoughtful? (你的信息很长而且是经过深思熟虑的吗？)”提到了发短信的一种特点，此空应该

101、是表达这样短信的特点反应你的性格特点，下文“Similar to someone who texts with perfect grammar, you are a thoughtful and detail-oriented person, who enjoys deep conversations and likes things that are controlled and stable. (和那些用完美语法发短信的人一样，你是一个有思想、注重细节的人，喜欢深入的交谈，喜欢有控制、稳定的事情)”详细介绍了这种短信特点所反应的个性，选项E“你是那种理解语境重要性的人”符合上下文的逻辑，故

102、选E。【39题详解】根据上文段落句首特点，可知此空应是一般疑问句。答案在选项A和B之间选择。下文“Which texting personality are you? Are you a mix of several types? (你是哪种发短信的个性？你是几种类型的混合体吗？)”提到根据上文的几种短信类型的介绍，你判断自己的类型，所以选项A“你和这些发短信的个性有关系吗？”符合逻辑，故选A。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分， 共12分）。阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Is it better for ou

103、r bodies to work out at certain times of the day? Scientists have known for some time that every tissue in our bodies contains a kind of biological clock that goes off in response to messages related to our daily exposure to light, food and sleep. However, whether and how exercise timing might influ

104、ence metabolic (新陈代谢的) health has been less clear, and the results of past experiments have not always agreed. A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval (间隔) sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar contro

105、l after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest. He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes, but had not considered the possible role of timing. Now, seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts, he wonde

106、red if the timing of workouts might similarly affect how the workouts changed peoples metabolisms. Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bi

107、cycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metabolic health. They also had noted when the riders showed up for their workouts. The researchers pulled data for the 12 men who consistently had worked out between 8 and 10 a.m. and compared them with another 2

108、0 who always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m. They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise.He says, “This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier. The part

109、icular and most effective exercise for each of us will line up with our daily routines and exercise tendencies because exercise is good for us at any time of daybut only if we choose to keep doing it.”40. What inspired Professor Schrauwen to carry out the research related to the timing of workouts?4

110、1. What did Schrauwens new study figure out?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using the newly-collected data and making comparisons between two different subject group

111、s.43. When do you think is the best time for you to exercise? Why? (about 40 words)【答案】40. The 2019 study. 41. For some people, it is better to work out in the afternoon. 42. Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using the newly-collected data and making comparisons betw

112、een two different subject groups.According to the passage, Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues didnt collect any new data to do the research. They made use of the ready-made source of data from their own prior experiment. 43. 略【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科学研究。文章通过研究两个患有糖尿病的男性在不同的运动时间下其新陈代谢的不同，来说明运动时间选择的重要性以及它对我

113、们新陈代谢健康的影响，进一步说明我们应该适当的选好适合自己的锻炼时间，来改善身体状况。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval (间隔) sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a profes

114、sor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest.（2019年一项备受争议的研究发现，2型糖尿病患者在下午完成几分钟的高强度间歇训练后，两周后血糖控制得到了改善。营养和运动科学教授帕特里克施劳文饶有兴趣地阅读了2019年的这项研究。）”可知，是2019年的这项研究促使施劳文教授进行这项与锻炼时间有关的研究的，故答案为The 2019 study.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far ou

115、tweighed those of morning exercise.（他们发现下午锻炼的好处远远大于早晨锻炼的好处。）”以及第四段“This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier.（这项研究确实表明，下午锻炼对代谢紊乱的人可能比早些时候做同样的锻炼更有益。）”可知，教授的新研究发现对于一些人来讲，在下午运动会更好，故答案为For some people,

116、 it is better to work out in the afternoon.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week

117、 for 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metabolic health. （顺便说一句，他和他的同事在他们之前的实验中有现成的数据来源。几年前，他们曾要求患有2型糖尿病的高风险成年男性每周在实验室骑3次固定自行车，持续12周，而研究人员则跟踪他们的代谢健康状况。”）可知，Schrauwen教授和他的同事没有收集任何新的数据来做研究。他们利用了自己先前实验中现成的数据来源，故答案为Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using the

118、newly-collected data and making comparisons between two different subject groups.According to the passage, Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues didnt collect any new data to do the research. They made use of the ready-made source of data from their own prior experiment.【43题详解】开放题。表述自己的观点并解释原因。注意字数

119、控制在40词左右。第二节（20分）44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校英国留学生Jim暂时留在英国不能回校，但是他邮寄来的摄影作品“桃花 （peach blossom）”在你校“春天（Spring）”摄影展获得一等奖，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 祝贺获奖；2. 介绍展出情况注意: 1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear JimHow are you getting along in the UK these days? I am writing to tell you some good news: y

120、our photograph “peach blossom” has won first prize in the photography exhibition “Spring”! Congratulations!It was your creative composition and the vivid color that made your photograph stand out. Moreover, the bird on the branch was especially impressive because it demonstrated the energetic spring

121、 in your hometown and revealed a sense of vigor and hope. All the photographs are now on display in the school gallery, each capturing a unique aspect of spring: some present vibrant scenes; some stress new hope and life and others celebrate true human emotion. What a success! It is really unfortuna

122、te that you cant come to appreciate all the exquisite photographs in person. To remedy this, Ill attach three pictures to show what the exhibition is like.All the best. Yours, Li Hua【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，就英国留学生Jim在摄影展获得一等奖表达祝贺。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所

123、写内容。要求：1. 祝贺获奖；2. 介绍展出情况。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）get along; exhibition; composition; stand out; impressive; demonstrate; reveal; display; capture; vibrant; unfortunate第三步：连词成句1. I am writing to tell you some good news: your photograph “peach blossom” has won first prize in the photography exhibition “Spring”!

124、Congratulations!2. It was your creative composition and the vivid color that made your photograph stand out.3. Moreover, the bird on the branch was especially impressive because it demonstrated the energetic spring in your hometown and revealed a sense of vigor and hope.4. All the photographs are no

125、w on display in the school gallery, each capturing a unique aspect of spring: some present vibrant scenes; some stress new hope and life and others celebrate true human emotion.5. It is really unfortunate that you cant come to appreciate all the exquisite photographs in person.6. To remedy this, Ill

126、 attach three pictures to show what the exhibition is like.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last（供参考）2表并列补充关系：Moreover3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,O

127、n the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat （供参考）4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result （供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 It was your creative composition and the vivid color that made your photograph stand out. (运用了强调句)高分句型2 To remedy this, Ill attach three pictures to show what the exhibition is like. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)