2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 单元加餐练5 Unit 5 Working the Land（含解析）新人教版选择性必修第一册.doc

1、Unit5单元加餐练.阅读理解Is It Worth Buying Organic Food? Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice more for goods with organic labels (商标). However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutr

2、itious and safer product, then youd better save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products arent necessarily more nutritious, and theyre no less likely to suffer from diseasecausing bacteria, either.The latest results, published in the Annuals of Interna

3、l Medicine, suggest that buyers may be wasting their money. “We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier，” says Dr Crystal SmithSpangler from Stanford. “So consumers shouldnt assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer.”For their new study, SmithSp

4、angler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats

5、.While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. An

6、d both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart dis

7、ease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends.Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more naturalgrowing practices, but that doesnt always translate into a more nutritious or he

8、althier product. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) states that “whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste.” Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.本文为议论文，由人们花很多钱去购买有机食品入题，提出有机食品真的比传统食品更好吗？然后引用专家的调查结果证实有机食品并

9、未比传统食品有更好的营养成分。1The new research questions whether organic food _.Ashould replace traditional food Bhas been overpriced by farmersCis grown with less harmful chemicalsDis really more nutritious and healthier答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据全文尤其是第二段第二句“We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritio

10、us or healthier”可知，新研究主要质疑有机食品是否更有营养，更健康。故D正确。2SmithSpangler and her colleagues found that _.Aorganic food could reduce the risk of heart diseaseBtraditional food was grown with more natural methodsCboth organic and traditional food they examined were safeDthere was not a presence of any forms of ba

11、cteria in organic food答案：C解析：推理判断题。第四段详细对比了有机食品和传统食品在各方面的情况，得出结论两种食品只有细微差别，并没有哪一种比另一种营养成分更多。故C正确。3Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage?AOrganic chicken and pork. BOrganic milk and chicken.CTraditional chicken and pork. DTraditional fruit and vegetables.答案：B解析：细节理解题

12、。根据文章第四段第四句“The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease.”可知答案为B。4What is the authors attitude toward organic food?ASceptical.BNeutral.CUnconcerned. DApproving.答案：A解析：观

13、点态度题。作者在第一段提出人们不值得花过多的钱去买有机食品，在最后一段引用USDA 美国农业部的观点“whether you buy organic food or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste”以及最后一句可看出作者是质疑的态度。故A正确。.七选五The Key to SuccessWhen I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding job in management consulting for a job that

14、was even more demanding: teaching. _1_ And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests. I gave out homework assignments. When the work came back, I calculated grades._2_ Some of my strongest performers did not have equally good IQ scores. Some of my smartest kids werent doing so well.And that got me

15、thinking. The kinds of things you need to learn in seventhgraders math are hard. _3_ I was firmly convinced that every one of my students could learn the material if they worked hard and long enough.After several more years of teaching, I came to the conclusion that what we need in education is a mu

16、ch better understanding of students and learning from a motivational (动机的)perspective, from a psychological perspective.So I left the classroom, and I went to graduate school (研究生院) to become a psychologist. I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super challenging settings, and in every

17、study my question was, who is successful here and why? My research team and I went to the United States Military Academy. _4_ We went to the National Spelling Bee and tried to predict which children would advance farthest in the competition. In all those very different contexts, one characteristic e

18、merged as a significant predictor of success. _5_ It was grit(毅力)AIt was IQ as well as EQ.BIt wasnt social intelligence or IQ.CBut those things are not impossible to learn.DSome of my best students really have high IQ.EI went to teach seventhgraders math in a New York City public school.FWhat struck

19、 me was that IQ was not the only difference among students.GWe tried to predict which participants would stay in military training and which would drop out.这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者在当老师的时候做了一个实验，发现孩子的智商不是决定其成功的决定性因素，在之后的研究中他发现成功的因素是毅力。1E解析：根据上文When I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding job in manage

20、ment consulting for a job that was even more demanding: teaching.可知，我放弃了一个要求非常高的管理咨询工作而去选择一个要求更高的工作：教学。E选项的意思：我去纽约市公立学校教七年级数学。因此是继续介绍他的教学工作，前后逻辑一致，因此选E。2F解析：根据下文Some of my strongest performers did not have equally good IQ scores. Some of my smartest kids werent doing so well.可知，表现最好的一些人没有同样高的智商。而我的一

21、些最聪明的孩子表现没有那么好。F选项的意思：让我感到震惊的是，智商不是学生之间唯一的区别。前后贯通，因此选F。3C解析：根据下文I was firmly convinced that every one of my students could learn the material if they worked hard and long enough.可知，我坚信，如果他们努力学习足够长的时间，我的每一个学生都可以学得这些。C选项意思：但那些事情并非不可能学习。空格后是对C的进一步解释，因此选C。4G解析：根据上文My research team and I went to the Unit

22、ed States Military Academy.可知，我和我的研究团队去了美国军事学院。G选项的意思：我们试图预测哪些参与者会留在军事训练中，哪些参与者会退出。前后符合逻辑，因此选G。5B解析：根据上文In all those very different contexts, one characteristic emerged as a significant predictor of success.可知，在所有这些非常不同的背景下，一个特征成为成功的重要预测指标。根据下文It was grit (毅力)可知，是毅力。B选项意思：这不是社交智慧或智商。根据上下文可知选B。.完形填空T

23、he Grass Cutting Days Every time we headed out to cut grass, Dad was there to watch. I used to _1_ why he came with us. He stood watching us in the sticky Florida heat when he could have been inside _2_ with air conditioning and an icy drink. One day we were cutting our nextdoor neighbors yard. She

24、always waited until the grass was kneehigh to call us over. To make matters worse, we had an old lawn mower that kept breaking down as we tried to cut _3_ her backyard jungle. This particular afternoon, I was finishing up and was tired and sweaty. I _4_ the tall glass of cold juice I would drink in

25、a minute to cool down. I was just about to turn off the lawn mower _5_ I saw Dad pointing to one single blade of grass (一片草). I thought about the small amount of money I was getting _6_ for cutting grass so high that it almost broke the mower. I ignored him and kept walking. Dad called me out and ye

26、lled, “You missed a blade.” I frowned (皱眉), hoping he would let me go home. He kept pointing. Though tired and _7_， I still went back to cut that blade of grass. I thought to myself, “That one blade isnt _8_ anyone. Why wont he just let it go？” But when I reached adulthood, I understood his _9_： Whe

27、n youre running a business, the work you do says a great deal about you. If you want to be seen as an honest businessman, you must deliver a quality product. That single blade of grass _10_the job was not done. Other neighbors took _11_ of the good work we did and we soon gained more _12_. The lesso

28、n my dad taught me stayed with me: Be _13_. If you say you are going to perform a job at a certain time, _14_ your word. Give your customers the kind of _15_ you would like to receive. It shows how sincere you are and how much pride you take in your work. 这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在暑假给别人修剪草坪挣零花钱时，父亲对自己的教育。从这件事

29、中作者知道了做任何事都要有专业素养，这是一个道德规范问题。1.A.wonderBunderstandCknowDexpect答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.wonder想知道；B.understand理解；C.know 知道；D.expect期望。结合下文可知，作者很想知道父亲为什么总是大热天站在那儿看着自己给别人割草坪，故选A。 2A.hidingBrelaxingCplayingDtalking答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.hiding躲藏；B.relaxing 放松；C.playing 玩；D.talking 交谈。结合上文可知，此处是指作者认为父亲本可以坐在空调屋里喝着冷饮放

30、松，故选B。3A.inBbackCupDthrough答案：D解析：考查短语动词辨析。cut in 插嘴；cut back减少； cut up切碎； cut through穿过。结合上下文语境可知，邻居的草坪的草很高，此处是指作者要在这些高草中来回穿过，故选D。 4A.picturedBdecidedCrequiredDinvented答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.pictured 想象；B.decided 决定；C.required要求；D.invented发明。结合上文语境可知，天气很热，作者汗流浃背，又很累，所以此处是作者在想象着很快自己就可以喝杯凉果汁。故选A。 5A.until

31、BbeforeCwhenDwhile答案：C解析：考查连词词义辨析。A.until直到才；B.before在之前；C.when 当时候；D.while当时候。句意：我刚要关上割草机的时候，突然看到爸爸指着一片草地。be about to do.when.是固定句型，意思是“当正要去做一件事的时候，另一件事情突然发生了”。while没有此用法，故选C。 6A.involvedBcaughtCchangedDpaid答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.involved涉及；B.caught 抓住；C.changed改变；D.paid支付。结合上下文语境可知，此处是指作者割草别人付给的工钱，故选D。

32、 7A.discouragedBashamedCtouchedDshocked答案：A解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.discouraged 灰心的；沮丧的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.touched感动的；D.shocked震惊的。结合上文可知，作者感到又累又热，然而父亲却让他接着把另一片草割干净，因此他感到很沮丧。故选A。 8A.surprisingBfrighteningChurtingDembarrassing答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.surprising使吃惊；B.frightening使害怕；C.hurting 伤害；D.embarrassing使尴尬。结合语境可知，作者

33、对父亲非得让他把那片草割干净很不理解，此处是指作者认为那片草不割也不会伤害谁，故选C。 9A.punishmentBmessageCcrueltyDexpression答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.punishment惩罚；B.message信息；启示；C.cruelty残酷；D.expression表达。句意：但是，当我成年以后，我明白了他想传达的信息。根据下文可知，作者后来明白了父亲让自己那么做的原因。故选B。 10A.seemedBrealizedCmeantDfound答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.seemed似乎；B.realized意识到；C.meant意味着；D.fo

34、und发现。结合上文作者的感悟可知，此处是指那片没有割的草就意味着没有完成工作。故选C。 11A.careBnoticeCplaceDcontrol答案：B解析：考查短语动词辨析。take care of照顾；take notice of 注意到；take place of代替；take control of控制；掌管。根据下文，很多人因为作者割草认真来找他割草坪可知，此处是指其他邻居看到了他们做的工作很棒，故选B。 12A.businessBworkersCexperienceDprizes答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.business生意；B.workers工人；C.experien

35、ce经验；D.prizes奖品。结合上文大家都知道了我们做事认真可知，此处是指很多人来找我们给他们割草坪，即获得了更多生意，故选A。 13A.patientBpowerfulCpreparedDprofessional答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.patient有耐心的；B.powerful 强大的；C.prepared准备好的；D.professional专业的。结合上文作者的感悟可知，此处是指做工作要专业，守信用，故选D。 14A.breakBgiveCsaveDkeep答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.break 打破；B.give给；C.save节约；D.keep保持。结合上

36、下文语境可知，如果你说你要在某个时间完成一项工作，那么你就得信守诺言。keep ones word遵守诺言，故选D。 15A.adviceBserviceCattentionDwarmth答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.advice建议；B.service服务；C.attention注意力；D.warmth温暖。根据下文作者说“它显示出你有多真诚，对你的工作有多自豪”可知，此处是指要给你的顾客你想要的那种服务，故选B。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。What is ecofashion? Ecofashion is about making clothes t

37、hat considers the environment, the health of consumers and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry.A closer look at the fashion industry points out many problems that are common practices in the creation of our fashions from the field to the factory. Firstly, the production of texti

38、les pollutes the environment heavily. Cottonplanting uses pesticides; sheepfarming and woolcleaning bring about global warming. Secondly, every stage of clothing production consumes a great deal of energy and some also involve chemicals which obviously do harm to the surroundings. In addition, there

39、 is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted water. Thirdly, growing purchasing power and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects. We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a co

40、uple of times.Then, how to solve the problem? To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are a great many ways these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy us

41、e, through selecting sustainable materials and choosing local suppliers, to recycling and minimizing waste. On the other hand, as consumers we can all play our part by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing buying.There is some concern that ecofriendly fashions are just a

42、trend that we will eventually grow tired of but we can make sure that doesnt happen. Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are immediate. They relate directly to our personal health. In fact, choosing ecofashion can also

43、 do good to our personal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet.Ecofashion concerns the environment, consumers health and peoples working conditions when making clothes.(要点1) Various problems arise in traditional fashion production, including environmental pollut

44、ion and energy waste, worsened by growing purchasing power and shopping habits. (要点2) To solve the problem, producers should reduce, reuse and recycle while consumers are supposed to choose environmentally friendly clothes and purchase less.(要点3) Benefiting the health of both the earth and people, ecofashion will surely be a lasting trend.(要点4)