2020秋高中英语 学业质量标准检测4 Unit 4 Global warming训练与检测（含解析）新人教版选修6.doc

1、Unit 4学业质量标准检测时间：120分钟，满分：150分第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Why does the man say sorry to the woman？_B_AHe forgot the books name.BHe forgot to bring her the book.CHe didnt want to lend her t

2、he book.2What does the mans mother look like？_C_AShe is short.BShe has long hair.CShe wears glasses.3What was the weather like on Saturday？_B_ACloudy.BSunny.CWindy.4When is the next No.39 bus supposed to come？_A_AIn about 5 minutes.BIn about 25 minutes.CIn about 30 minutes.5What are the speakers mai

3、nly talking about？_A_AHow to operate a machine.BHow to fix a machine. CHow to read instructions.第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6Where does the woman work now？_C_AIn a club.B

4、In a software company. CIn an Internet company.7What is the woman interested in now？_B_ASwimming.BDancing. CWorking.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8What is the relationship between Miss Gibson and Alison？_A_ATeacher and student. BBoss and secretary.CMother and daughter.9Why cant Alison go on the trip？_C_AShe has a

5、meeting. BShe hasnt caught the bus. CShe is sick.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10Who will look after Snow？_C_AJennifer. BEva.CCharles.11Why cant James look after Snow？_A_AHe has fallen ill. BHell go to Paris. CHe will go to the beach.12What day is it today？_B_ATuesday.BWednesday. CThursday.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13How

6、 many kilos of tomatoes will the man buy？_A_AHalf a kilo. BA kilo. CTwo kilos.14What does the woman need to buy for the childrens lunches？_C_ACarrots.BJuice. CApples.15Which of the following wont the man buy？_B_APotatoes.BChocolate.CBeer.16Where is the woman now probably？_A_AAt home. BIn the superma

7、rket. CIn the office.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17What did the speaker use to do？_C_AHe watched TV a lot.BHe stayed home and did homework.CHe played sports with his classmates.18What kind of books does the speaker read now？_A_ATextbooks. BNovels. CCartoon books.19What does the speaker think of doing homework

8、 with his friends？_B_AHe can chat with them.BHe can learn a lot from them.CHe can concentrate on study.20What does the speaker want to be in the future？_B_AA writer.BA teacher. CA doctor.听力原文Text 1W：Did you remember to bring the book you promised me?M：Oh，Im really sorry.I forgot it.Ill bring it to y

9、ou tomorrow.I promise.Text 2W：Is that your mother with the hat，Tom?M: No, she never wears a hat.W：Has she still got glasses and long hair?M: Her hairs short now.But she still wears glasses.Text 3W: Did you have good weather at the beach last week?M：Well, its cloudy all the weekdays, but it was sunny

10、 all the weekend.W：Wasnt it windy all weekend?M: Only on Sunday.Text 4W：Excuse me.How long do I have to wait for the next No.39 bus?M：Well, let me see.It shouldnt be long.Bus 39 runs every thirty minutes and Ive been here for over twentyfive minutes.Text 5W: This machine has so many buttons.I dont k

11、now which one makes it run.M：Youd better read the instructions first.Pressing the wrong buttons may cause the machine break down.W: I see.Thank you.Text 6W：Hi, Jack.Long time no see.What have you been up to?M：Im still teaching Spanish at the high school.W：Are you still living in that great house nea

12、r the beach?M: Yes, and I still live with my four cats! So, whats new with you, Julie? Are you still working for a software company?W：No.I started my own Internet company long ago.M：Great.And are you still swimming and working out at the club?W：No, not any more.Im really into Latin dance now.Text 7W

13、: Good morning.M：Morning.Parklands Primary School.How can I help you?W: May I speak to Miss Gibson, please? Its Moira Watson, Alison Watsons mother.M: One moment, Mrs.Watson.Ill just call the staff room.W: Thank you.M: Im afraid Miss Gibson is having a meeting now.Would you like to leave a message?W

14、：Yes, please.Could you tell her that Alison has a toothache and wont be able to go on the trip today?M：Im sorry to hear that.But Ill make sure Miss Gibson gets the message.Text 8W: Hi, Charles.This is Eva calling.M：Hi，Eva.Whats up?W：Ill leave for Beijing this Friday, but I dont have anyone to take c

15、are of Snow. Could you help me out?M：How long will you stay in Beijing?W: For a week.Ill return on the 28th of this month.Could you watch her for me?M: Im planning to go to the beach next week.Is there anyone else who could do that for you?W：I dont think so.I called Jennifer just now.She said shes g

16、oing to Paris next week.M：What about James?W：Hes sick. M：Well，then.Ill help you out.I guess I can go to the beach some other time. W：Thank you so much, Charles.Youre so sweet. Ill drop my dog at your place on my way to the airport the day after tomorrow.Text 9M：Hi，its me.Im in the supermarket.I forg

17、ot the shopping list.Can you read it to me?W：Yes，its here on the fridge door.Let me see some carrots，potatoes and tomatoes.M：OK.Shall I get a kilo of each?W：No, a kilo is too much.Just get half a kilo.M：OK.Do we need anything else?W: Yes, lots of things.Can you see if theyve got any nice apples? I w

18、ant some for the childrens lunches.M: Apple.How many?W：Get lotsenough for the whole week.Back to the list：orange juice, some milk and beer.M：Orange juice.beer.milk.W：Someone wrote chocolate on the list but dont buy any.The boys eat too much chocolate.M：So you dont want any chocolate?W：No.I think tha

19、ts enough.Ill go shopping after I leave the office tomorrow.M：Great.Ill be quick because there is no one here. See you in about half an hour.W: See you.Bye.Text 10M：Hello, everyone.My name is John.Today I want to say something mainly about my daily life. First I want to say my life has changed a lot

20、. When I was a child, I had a lot of time to play. But now I have to study all day.I used to play baseball and basketball with my classmates, but now I just stay at home and do my homework.I seldom watch TV these days, for Im often busy preparing for my test.Books were my good friends.I used to read

21、 a lot of cartoon books instead of reading textbooks all day like now.I enjoy doing homework with my friends.But parents dont allow me to do that, because they think we will talk instead of studying.I disagree.We can learn a lot from each other.My parents are doctors.They expect me to be a doctor to

22、o when I grow up, but I want to be a teacher.Maybe Ill be a doctor anyway，but I dont think I could be a happy doctor.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节：(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIn the past, most people would just throw away their wornout appliances (家用电器)，but due to the many env

23、ironmental issues that this has caused over the years, it is highly suggested to consider recycling or other ways.Donate Your Appliances to an OrganizationThe first thing that most people think about when they hear about donating is giving old things to a charity or an organization.However, you shou

24、ld ensure that your appliances still work.Not only do you put repair costs on the charity, but you are also using the organization as a way to get rid of your junk.Find a New OwnerThere are many people that could greatly benefit from your used appliances, including new couples, students, povertystri

25、cken families, and many others.Similar to donating to a charity, it is important to ensure that your appliances are in good working order, and if they are not, you can put up an ad definitely stating that you are giving away the broken appliances for free.Contact a Recycling CompanyBefore you do rec

26、ycle your old items, there are several things that you should be aware of.First of all, you need to know about how refrigerator freezers, and air conditioners are recycled, as often these must be covered.According to your city, you may be required to take off the doors of your appliances to protect

27、children or animals from getting trapped inside and getting hurt.Donate Your Appliances as Scrap (废品) MetalIf your old appliances are completely broken, it might be best to just give them away as scrap metal.Fortunately, there are many different organizations and companies that need as much metal as

28、 they can get.Additionally, you wont have to do any of the scrapping or tearing apart by yourselves, as professionals take care and effort in removing harmful elements.文章大意：这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种处理旧家电的方法，以及它们的注意事项。21Whats the similarity between the first two ways？_B_AThe appliances are given away for fre

29、e.BThe appliances should be better in good condition.CThe appliances will be sent to organizations.DThe harmful parts of appliances must be got rid of 解析：细节理解题。根据Donate Your Appliances to an Organization部分下的“However, you should ensure that your appliances still work.(但是，你应该确保你的设备还能工作。)”和Find a New O

30、wner部分下的“Similar to donating to a charity, it is important to ensure that your appliances are in good working order(与捐赠给慈善组织相似，确保你的设备还能运转是非常重要的)”可知，这两种处理旧家电的要求都是设备还能正常运转。 BThe appliances should be better in good condition.(设备最好情况良好。)符合以上说法。故选B项。22If we want to recycle our old appliances, what should

31、 we consider？_C_AWhat kind of appliances can be recycled.BWho can really benefit much from them.CWhether they will cause some danger or harm.DWhich is the most suitable recycling company.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二部分的“According to your city, you may be required to take off the doors of your appliances to protec

32、t children or animals from getting trapped inside and getting hurt.(根据你所在城市的要求，你可能被要求拆掉设备的门，目的是保护小孩或者动物不会被困在里面受到伤害。)”可知，在回收利用电器前，我们应该考虑它们是否会对小孩或动物带来危险或造成伤害。CWhether they will cause some danger or harm.(它们是否会造成危险或伤害。)符合以上说法。故选C项。23What can you do if you want to donate your completely broken appliance

33、s？_B_ATear them apart on your own.BGive them to companies that need metal.CRemove the harmful elements of them yourself.DMake sure companies that want the metal pay the delivery fee.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一部分的“If your old appliances are completely broken, it might be best to just give them away as scrap metal

34、.Fortunately, there are many different organizations and companies that need as much metal as they can get.(如果你的旧家电已经完全坏了，它最好作为废铁捐赠掉。幸运的是，有很多不同的需要大量的废铁组织和公司。)”可知，如果旧家电已经完全坏了，我们就把它捐赠给需要大量铁的公司或者组织。BGive them to companies that need metal.(把他们送给需要铁的公司。)符合以上说法。故选B项。BBy the end of the century, if not soon

35、er, the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物) called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the o

36、cean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the oceans appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, whe

37、re they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of t

38、he ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MITs Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that

39、warms up by 3 ， it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these are

40、as will turn greener.“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing”， she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean，Dutkiewicz said, “it will change th

41、e type of fish that will be able to survive.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes.“Itll be a while before we can statistically sho

42、w that the changes are happening because of climate change.” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。调查表明，由于气候变暖，全球的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。24What are the first two paragraphs mainly about？_B_AThe

43、various patterns at the ocean surface.BThe cause of the changes in ocean colour.CThe way light reflects off marine organisms.DThe efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.解析：段落大意题。文章第一段点题：由于气候变暖，全球的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。第二段介绍由于光从生物体反射的方式，这些浮游植物在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案；气候变化又使得这些浮游植物在某些区域加速生长而在其他地方有所减少，导致海洋表面的颜色变化。由此

44、可知前两段讲了海洋颜色变化的原因。故B项正确。25What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？_A_ASensitive.BBeneficial.CSignificant.DUnnoticeable.解析：词义猜测题。后一句提到，气候变暖改变了海洋的主要特点并能影响浮游植物的生长，因为它们要生长不仅仅需要阳光和二氧化碳，也需要营养。由此可知，这些浮游植物对海洋变暖很敏感。故A项正确。26What can we learn from the passage？_D_APhytoplankton pl

45、ay a declining role in the marine ecosystem.BDutkiewiczs model aims to project phytoplankton changes.CPhytoplankton have been used to control global climate.DOceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.解析：细节理解题。由文章第四段信息“But in some waters，such as those of the Arctic，a warming will make conditi

46、ons riper for phytoplankton，and these areas will turn greener.”可知浮游植物多的区域海水会变得更绿。故D项正确。27What is the main purpose of the passage？_C_ATo assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.BTo analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.CTo explain the effects of climate change on oceans.DTo introduc

47、e a new method to study phytoplankton.解析：主旨大意题。文章主要论述了随着气候变暖，全球的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿，即气候变化对海洋有影响。故C项正确。CA deal has been signed to turn byproducts from a Scottish distillery (酿酒厂) into fuel for cars.In what is declared to be a world first, the Tullibardine distillery in Perthshire has linked up with a spinout

48、 company from Napier University in Edinburgh.They plan to use bacteria to feed on the “leftovers” from the whisky (威士忌酒) making process.This will produce butanol which can be used to fuel vehicles.More than 90% of the stuff that comes out of a whisky distillery is not whisky.It is leftovers like dra

49、ff and pot ales (酒糟)both produced in the early stages of the process.They are high in sugar and are currently used for things like fertiliser and cattle feed.Napier Universitys Biofuel Research Centre (BRC) has already shown that the right bacteria can feed on those byproducts to produce butanola di

50、rect replacement for vehicle fuel.Now the spinout company, Celtic Renewables, and independent whisky producer Tullibardine have signed an agreement.Together they will apply the process to thousands of tons of the distillerys leftovers.Professor Martin Tangney, founder of Celtic Renewables, said our

51、partnership with Tullibardine is an important step in the development of a business which combines two important Scottish industrieswhisky and renewables.This project shows that creative use of existing technologies can utilize resources on our doorstep to benefit both the environment and the econom

52、y.Douglas Ross, managing director of Tullibardine, which spends 250,000 disposing of its byproducts every year, said “We are delighted to be partnering Celtic Renewables in this creative business, the obvious benefits of which are environmental.It takes a cost to us and turns it into something that

53、has social as well as commercial value.”The project is being supported by a grant (拨款) from the Scottish governments Zero Waste Scotland initiative.Celtic Renewables said it eventually aimed to build a processing plant in Scotland, with the hope of building an industry that could be worth 60m a year

54、.文章大意：本文讲述的是一种新型的环保技术：把酿酒厂里的draff and pot ales用来代替汽油。28.According to the passage，_C_ will be used to take the place of petrol.AwhiskyBwhisky leftoversCbutanol Ddraff and pot ales解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“the right bacteria can feed on those byproducts to produce butanola direct replacement for vehicle fuel”可

55、知butanol是直接用来代替汽油的物质。故C正确。29.How do people deal with whisky leftovers at present？_D_AThey throw them away.BThey use them to feed people.CThey use them to feed bacteria.DThey use them for crops or cattle.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They are high in sugar and are currently used for things like fertiliser and cat

56、tle feed.”现在酿酒厂生成的draff and pot ales被用作肥料和牛群的食物。故D正确。30.What does the underlined word “utilize” in the fourth paragraph probably mean？_A_AMake use of.BGet rid of.CUse up.DFind out.解析：词义猜测题。本文讲述的是人们使用酿酒厂生产的draff and pot ales来替代汽油给汽车提供动力。本句“This project shows that creative use of existing technologies

57、 can utilize resources on our doorstep to benefit both the environment and the economy.”中的utilize表示利用这些资源。故A正确。31.Which of the following categories does this passage belong to？_B_aHealthbScience cFooddNatureeEnvironmentfBusinessAb，c，e Bb，e，fCa，b，f Da，b，c解析：推理判断题。本文讲述的是一种新型的环保技术：把酿酒厂里的draff and pot a

58、les用来代替汽油。促进经济发展，属于科学、环保以及生意类内容。故B正确。DBritish shoppers buy 2.15 million tonnes of clothing and shoes annually，yet UK citizens have an estimated 30 billion worth of unused clothing gathering dust at the back of the wardrobe (衣柜)But new technology could see the end of that，with the garments themselves

59、 giving owners a gentle reminder of their existence.“Smart clothes” could help us clear out our wardrobes by sending messages or tweeting us if they havent been worn for a good while.If these alerts are ignored，the garments will get in touch with a clothing charity and ask to be reused，with an organ

60、ization automatically sending out donation information.They could also be programmed to put themselves up for auction (拍卖) on eBay.Academics at Birmingham City University are developing the “connected wardrobe” to encourage more suitable clothes consumption.The concept sees garments tagged (给加标签) us

61、ing washable contactless technology.Mark Brill，senior lecturer at Birmingham City University，said，“Think of the surprise when an owner suddenly receives bids for items that they didnt know were in their wardrobe.” “The connected wardrobe is a practical，pleasant concept to encourage people to think a

62、bout their clothing consumption.Finally，I hope it will encourage more appropriate fashion consumption，” he added.“Perhaps we can even move away from the idea of ownership of clothing.When weve worn them enough，the items will pass themselves on to their next keeper.”It follows in the footsteps of the

63、 “Internet of Things”a concept that sees ordinary household items connecting to the Internet in order to share information.From adjusting your alarm clock to monitoring the temperature of your home，the Internet is changing the way we live.Now，the “Internet of Clothes” will see that neglected garment

64、s will tweet and text the owners “asking” to be worn depending on the weather and frequency of wear.Clothes will keep track of other information such as who owned them previously，as well as how much they originally cost，who made them and how much the worker was paid for them.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了新型的“智

65、能衣服”“智能衣柜”，而这一科技发明可以帮助人们更好地管理自己的衣服，树立正确的消费观念。32What does the author say about “smart clothes”？_D_AThey may be donated on eBay.BThey have gained in popularity.CThey give warnings if worn out.DThey may be recycled if long forgotten.解析：推理判断题。综合文章内容尤其是第一段中的“unused clothing gathering dust at the back of

66、the wardrobe (衣柜)”和第二段中的“Smart clothes could help us clear out our.if they havent been worn for a good while.”“ask to be reused”可推知，“智能衣服”会在被搁置许久时发信息提醒主人，如果主人不理会这样的提醒，那么“智能衣服”就会和慈善组织联系，要求被重新使用。33How does Mark Brill find the “connected wardrobe”？_B_AIt helps people buy cheaper clothes.BIt contributes

67、 to right consumption attitudes.CIt changes peoples shopping habits.DIt improves peoples consumer confidence.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the connected wardrobe to encourage more suitable clothes consumption”及第四段中的“The connected wardrobe is a practical，pleasant concept to encourage people to think about their c

68、lothing consumption.Finally，I hope it will encourage more appropriate fashion consumption”可知，Mark Brill认为“智能衣柜”有助于鼓励人们树立正确的消费观。故选B。34What is indicated in the last paragraph？_A_AClothes can be a source of information.BWeather affects the connected wardrobe.CClothes are sold online at a low price.DThe

69、 Internet is a platform to share items.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Clothes will keep track of other information such as who owned them previously，as well as how much they originally cost.”可知，衣服可以成为信息的来源。故选A。35Whats the authors attitude to the new technology？_C_ACritical.BUninterested.CApproving.DSkeptical.解析：

70、作者态度题。纵观全文可知，作者在文中介绍了一项新的科技发明新型的“智能衣服”“智能衣柜”，重点讲述了该科技发明对人们有什么好处，由此可推知，作者对这种新科技是持赞成的态度的。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In one way or another, all our water comes from the sea._36.E_The vapor rises and freezes to form clouds.These clouds release their water as ra

71、in, often when they are blown over high ground.Rain goes deep into the ground, runs into streams and rivers, and flows back into the sea.Also, plants take water from the soil and put some back into the air as vapor.In this way, water is always being recycled._37.C_.Human beings also take part in the

72、 water cycle.We build reservoirs (水库) to trap water for our houses and factories._38.F_.Some water takes many thousands of years to complete the cycle.It collects in huge areas of underground.This kind of water is often used by people as a source of tap water.People around the world use tap water in

73、 their daily life._39.B_A lot of reservoirs have been built and they have brought many changes to the landscape and affected wildlife.People do not know the fact that taking too much water from underground can change the conditions on the surface.For example, it can dry out the habitats of some wild

74、life.If sewage or chemical waste are not made clean carefully, they can make drinking water dirty._40.A_A good water cycle is humans luck.AIt is important that we should use water in a responsible way.BThere are many problems with the use of tap water.CThis is called the water cycle.DLearning how to

75、 recycle water not only saves you money, but also is good for the planet.EThe sun heats the sea, and water evaporates to become vapor.FOur waste water and sewage (污水) is put back into the sea though it is sometimes purified first.GMany rivers and lakes are being polluted by the waste water from fact

76、ories.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了大自然的水循环和人类参与的水循环。文章让我们了解到人类务必要以负责任的态度科学用水，因为良好的水循环是人类的福音。解析：36由空前面一句话可知，我们所有的水都来自海洋；由空后面一句话可知，水蒸气蒸发凝固形成云。由此可推断出设空处应是对空格前一句话进行解释说明，且空后面一句话中的vapor恰好与选项E中的vapor构成了词汇上的衔接。此处表示太阳使海水变热，水蒸发变成水蒸气。37空前面部分主要讲述了海水的循环过程，同时该空出现在段尾，那么该处通常应填具有结论性和概括性的语句，即这就被称作水循环。同时，设空处还起了一个过渡句的作用，第二段首句告诉我们，

77、人类也参与水循环的活动，其中的water cycle 与选项C中的water cycle构成了词汇上的衔接。38本段首句提到人类也参与了水循环活动，设空处前面一句话告诉我们人类建造水库以便为家庭和工厂存水，这句话是对首句内容的举例说明。根据常识可知，家庭和工厂产生的废水和污水最终又流回到海洋中，这样便构成了水循环。39空前一句话说全世界的人们在日常生活中都在使用自来水，空后面部分讲述人类建造的水库改变了地形也影响了野生生物，人们不了解抽取太多的地下水可能会改变地球表面的状况。这些是使用自来水带来的问题，选项中只有B项涉及这一问题。B选项起承上启下的作用。40空后面一句话提到良好的水循环是人类的

78、福音，由此可推断出空处应该是提出建议，选项A符合上下文逻辑。此处表示我们应以负责的方式用水，这很重要。第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节：完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。On a weekday evening, Jane was at home wondering about their dinner plans for the evening when she was unexpectedly _41.D_by an urgent call from her sister

79、“Get over here! Turn on NBC and check these guys out.They are just like you.” One facebook message and a phone interview later, Jane _42.A_herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the sweltering (令人发昏的) desert heat of Utah, picking up trash and _43.B_awareness (意识) about zerowaste and clim

80、ate change.With a deep love of the environment and a desire to make a _44.D_， Jane, Davey, and a group of self _45.A_“environmental pickup artists” went on a coast to coast road side trash pickup.As they walked, sometimes only _46.B_0.9 mile in an entire day, they _47.A_and steadily made their way a

81、cross the United States for three years, picking up a total of 201,678 pounds of trash.Jane and Davey _48.D_ with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration that fueled their _49.C_to continue their journey.After their bus _50.D_outside of Denver, they unexpectedly got _51.C_and arrived in Yosemit

82、e National Park three weeks later, just in time for the “Yosemite Facelift” where _52.A_from all over the state came together with a _53.B_of cleaning up trash all over the park.Being at the right place at the right time became almost normal, and they realized that much of what they _54.D_was more t

83、han just a coincidence.Together, their team learned to simply _55.C_themselves to their task, and surrender to the journey.文章大意：本文是记叙文。讲述了一个名叫“环保妹”的组织，边走边捡垃圾，提高对气候的认识他们对环境的格外关注，是他们继续前进努力的动力。文章作者也对这般普通人做出如此不一般的活动表达了赞赏。41AblamedBfrightenedCmovedDinterrupted解析：考查动词。句意：她的思绪被她姐姐的紧急电话打断了。blame责备；frighten使

84、害怕；move移动；interrupt打断。42AfoundBcheeredCdroppedDtaught解析：考查动词。句意：简发现自己和8名陌生人在一辆公共汽车上。find发现；cheer欢呼，愉快；drop滴落；teach教。根据句子“One facebook message and a phone interview later, Jane_42_herself on a bus with 8 stranger”一个脸书消息以及然后一个电话访问，Jane应该是发现自己和8个陌生人在一辆巴士上。故选A。43AabandoningBraisingCshakingDhiding解析：考查动词

85、。句意：提高零垃圾和气候改变意识。abandon抛弃，遗弃；raise提高；shake摇动；hide藏。raise awareness提高意识。根据句子“_43_awareness(意识)about zerowaste and climate change”后面的名词是意识，很明显是提高零垃圾和气候改变意识。故选B。44AplanBpromiseCmistakeDdifference解析：考查名词。句意：他们对环境深深的爱并想要有所作为。make a difference意为“有所作为、有所影响，”前文说对环境有深深的爱，很明显是想有所作为。故选D。45AdescribedBcorrected

86、CrepeatedDdiscovered解析：考查动词。句意：他们把自己描述为“环保拾荒艺术家”。describe描述；correct改正；repeat重复；discover发现。根据句子“Jane, Davey, and a group of self_45_ environmental pickup artists went on a coast to coast road side trash pickup.”Jane和一群自称环境捡拾艺术家的人踏上了沿路捡垃圾的旅程。故选A。46AdrivingBcoveringCridingDfixing解析：考查动词。句意：有时他们一整天就走了0.

87、9里路。cover覆盖，采访，占地，走了路。此题表示“走了0.9里路”。根据句子“As they walked, sometimes only_46_0.9 miles in an entire day”当他们走路时，有时一天仅覆盖0.9米，即只走了0.9米。故选B。47AslowlyBsecretlyChelplesslyDfrequently解析：考查副词。句意：他们慢慢地平稳地用三天穿过美国。slowly慢地；secretly秘密地；helplessly无助地；frequently频繁地。所以比较缓慢。根据句子“they_47_ and steadily made their way a

88、cross the United States for three years”他们应该是慢慢地平稳地用三天穿过美国。故选A。48AheardBreadCwroteDshared解析：考查动词。句意：他们与我们分享故事。hear听到；read读；write写；share分享。根据句子“Jane and Davey_48_with us wonderful stories”应该是同我们分享这些美妙的故事。故选D。49AproblemsBcostsCeffortsDchoices解析：考查名词。句意：充满希望鼓舞的故事，燃烧了他们的努力来继续旅程。problem问题；cost花费；effort努力

89、；choice选择。根据句子“stories of hope and inspiration that fueled their_49_to continue their journey”分享的是充满希望鼓舞的故事，燃烧了他们的努力来继续旅程。故选C。50Aset offBheld onCheaded forDbroke down解析：考查动词短语。句意：他们的车坏掉了。set off出发；hold on坚持，继续；head for朝出发；break down坏掉。根据句子“After their bus_50_ outside of Denver”应是他们的巴士在Denver外坏了。故选D。

90、51ArestBpracticeChelpDunderstanding解析：考查名词。 句意：车坏掉之后他们得到了意想不到的帮助。rest 休息；practice 练习；help帮助；understanding理解。根据句子“they unexpectedly got_51_”他们的车坏了，但是他们得到了帮助。故选C。52AvolunteersBmembersCtouristsDreporters解析：考查名词。 句意：来自全国各地的志愿者们聚集到一起参加活动。volunteers志愿者；members成员； tourists旅游者；reporters记者。根据句子“where_52_from

91、 all over the state came together with a_53_of cleaning up trash all over the park”后面说清理公园所有垃圾可知这里聚集的是志愿者。故选A。53AquestionBpurposeCdecisionDlesson解析：B考查名词。句意：来自全国各地的志愿者们聚集到一起为了清理公园里的垃圾。with a purpose of.带着目的，根据句子“where_52_from all over the state came together with a_53_of cleaning up trash all over t

92、he park”这些志愿者齐聚一堂有一个目的就是清理公园所有垃圾。故选B。54AintroducedBexpectedCexaminedDexperienced解析：考查动词。句意：他们所经历的很多事情都不仅仅是个巧合。introduce介绍；expect期望，预料；examine检查；experience经历。他们所经历的很多事情都不仅仅是个巧合。故选D。55AturnBlimitCdevoteDcompare解析：考查动词。句意：他们学到的是仅仅投身于任务之中。devote.to.把奉献给；致力于。根据句子“Together, their team learned to simply_45

93、_ themselves to their task，”他们学到的是仅投身于任务之中。故选C。第二节：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。With the _56.development_ (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious.In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because _57.of_ air pollution.Air pollut

94、ion is caused by the following _58.reasons_ (reason): about half of the problem is caused by vehicles.There are more and more cars, buses on the roads, and they give off _59.poisonous_ (poison) gases.25% of air pollution is caused by factories.Another factor is the smokers.Smoking not only does harm

95、 to their health _60.but_ to others._61.Besides_ (beside) these, about 10% of air pollution is caused by other reasons.We should take some measures to fight _62.against_ pollution.New fuel can be used to take _63.the_ place of gas.We can plant more trees.If everybody realizes the _64.importance_ (im

96、portant) of the environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem will _65.be solved_ (solve)文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。随着工业的发展，空气污染越来越严重，文章分析了导致空气污染的原因：车辆尾气、工业污染、吸烟以及其他因素。解析：56考查名词。句意：随着工业的发展，空气污染正变得越来越严重。句中定冠词the的后面要接名词做介词with的宾语，所以要填名词development。57考查介词短语。句意：在北京因为空气污染很多人患上了不同种类的疾病。连词because后要接句子表示

97、原因，介词短语because of后要接名词或名词短语表示原因。句中横线后使用了名词短语air pollution，要用介词短语because of，所以要填介词of。58考查名词复数。句意：空气污染是由于下列原因导致的。本段列举了导致空气污染的原因有车辆尾气、工厂污染以及吸烟等，说明多个原因导致空气污染，要使用复数形式。所以要填reasons。59考查形容词。句意：路上有越来越多的汽车和公交车，它们都发出有毒的气体。句中名词gases前面需要使用形容词poisonous修饰，所以要填形容词poisonous。60考查连词短语。句意：吸烟不仅他们的健康有害，而且对其他人也有害。连词短语not

98、only.but also.不但而且，可以连接两个并列结构，其中also可以省略。所以要填but。61考查介词。句意：除此之外，大约百分之十的空气污染是由其他原因导致的。介词besides除之外；句中代词these做它的宾语。所以要填besides。62考查动词短语。句意：我们应该采取一些措施与污染做斗争。动词短语fight against与做斗争，名词pollution做它的宾语。所以要填介词against。63考查固定短语。句意：新能源可以被用来代替汽油。动词短语take the place of代替。所以要填定冠词the。64考查名词。句意：如果每个人都意识到环境的重要性并阻止污染，这个

99、问题就会被解决。句中名词importance做动词realize的宾语。所以要填importance。65考查语态。句意：如果每个人都意识到环境的重要性并阻止污染，这个问题就会被解决。主语the problem与动词solve构成被动关系，要使用被动语态。所以要填be solved。第四部分：写作(满分40分)第一节：(满分15分)写一篇以“Creating a Green Campus”为标题的80词左右的短文，须包含下列要点：1建设绿色校园很重要；2绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境，还包括校园师生保护环境的文化素养；3为了建设绿色校园，我们应该要求：1适当发挥，可以从我们自己的做法，如不乱扔垃圾、

100、节约等方面着手；2用准确的语言把给出的要点表达出来；3写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑，不要逐条翻译。_参考范文：Creating a Green CampusRecently, “green campus” has become a more and more popular concept in schools.Schools are places where we live and study; therefore, its important that we create a green campus.To make “green campus” come true,

101、firstly, we students should raise our awareness of environmental protection.The concept of “green campus” not only means a green environment but also refers to an environmental sense in peoples mind.Secondly, actions speak louder than words.We should put the rubbish in the litter bins instead of thr

102、owing it away everywhere.Wed better use our own bowls and chopsticks instead of disposable ones.Saving energy also makes a big differenceturn off the lights when we leave the classrooms or dormitories.Only in this way can a green campus be truly realized.第二节：(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的

103、短文，续写的词数应为150左右。On July 8,2017，eight members of a family in total，were enjoying an evening together at the beach in Panhandle，Florida.As the sun sank lower on the horizon，the two boys Noah,11，and Stephen,8swam into the waves without the grownups noticing.Soon they realized that the ocean had pulled

104、them into the sea.After trying and failing to swim back，they started waving and screaming for help.But the lifeguards had been off duty for the evening.The boys had been struggling for several minutes when Jacky and Tabatha，a couple from Georgia，heard them.They dived into the water and soon reached

105、the two brothers.But after a few minutes，they were all trapped in a rip current (离岸流)a powerful one that could sweep even the strongest swimmer out to sea! By then，some teenagers had heard the cry.One of the teens rushed into the water，grabbed Jacky，and pulled him back to shore.Meanwhile，Tabatha cou

106、ld feel herself being pulled farther out.She was already exhausted and beginning to feel desperate as she was trying to save both boys alone. Onshore，Jacky was terrified.A man stopped.“Whats wrong？”asked Shaun，who was heading back to his car.“My wife is drowning！”Brittany said.Shaun immediately stro

107、de (大步跨)into the water.But several minutes later，a gaping 15 feet still lay between him and Tabatha and the boys.He knew that if he continued，hed become another victim.He turned around to seek help.It was about that time that Roberta，the boys mother，returned from the bathroom and looked around for h

108、er children.She was shocked to spot them floating much farther out than they were allowed to go.She fought the waves to get to her screaming sons and the stranger who was trying to save them，but she quickly discovered it was nearly impossible to make headway in any direction.Looking around，Roberta s

109、ighed with relief to see some more people coming to help.Paragraph 1：When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha，a risky idea came to them._Paragraph 2：By then，more swimmers had also noticed the group in trouble and rushed to join the human chain._参考范文：Paragraph 1： When they tried in

110、vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha，a risky idea came to them.To keep themselves from losing their footing in the rip current，they began holding on to one another to form a human chain extending from the beach all the way out to the struggling and Tabatha.They stayed linked tightly and managed t

111、o ensure they were safe by making their feet firmly planted in the sand.However，that required more linksprobably dozens of them.Shaun spotted other swimmers on the beach and shouted，“Dont just stand there! Come and help.”Paragraph 2： By then，more swimmers had also noticed the group in trouble and ru

112、shed to join the human chain.One by one，link by link，total strangers walked into the waves and grasped one another by the wrists，determined that no one would die on that beach.At last，they made it and Tabatha and the two brothers were saved! “Those people on the beach are angels on earth，”said Roberta.“Whether it is the first person or the last person in the chain，they are all our heroes，who helped get our family out of trouble.