2021-2022版高中英语 Module 1 British and American English Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary素养评价检测（含解析）外研版必修5.doc

1、课时素养评价一Module 1Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary. 单句语法填空1. When compared(compare) with the size of the whole Earth, the highest mountain doesnt seem high at all. 2. His confused look showed that he couldnt understand the confusing problem. (confuse)3. He has collected various (vary) foreign stam

2、ps to be displayed next month. 4. He made a number of rude remarks(remark) about the food here. 5. Much to our joy, our fathers health is getting steadily (steady) better with time going by. 6. The character was obviously (obvious) wrong but he didnt pick it out. 7. Early settlers (settle) from Euro

3、pe settled on the coast of the Pacific Ocean and built some houses. 8. Chinese differs(differ) greatly from Japanese in pronunciation, so it is difficult to learn this language well. 9. It is considered that girls are commonly (common) better at languages than boys. 10. Running is a good way to keep

4、 fit. Similarly (similar), riding a bicycle is good for our health. . 用适当的介词或副词填空1. You will have difficulty in understanding people when you stay in a foreign country. 2. The news that many drinks contain chemical materials causing cancer shocked the public, leading to great concern about food safe

5、ty. 3. Although similar in appearance, Toms experience is not similar to his brothers. 4. The story he told the police differed from the one he told his mother, which made the police begin to doubt him. 5. I dont think the two films have anything in common with each other. 6. Its not surprising that

6、 you are sleepy now. After all, you went to bed very late last night. 7. Were going to get around the Hutongs of Beijing. Would you like to join us? 8. Lots of my friends queued up last week for giving blood. . 完成句子1. Some people waste food while others havent enough. 有些人浪费粮食, 然而有些人却吃不饱。2. They got

7、up early so that they could catch the early bus. 为了能赶上早班车, 他们早早就起床了。3. It is obvious that the manager was quite satisfied with your spoken English. 很明显, 经理对你的英语口语非常满意。4. His decision made it possible for us to finish the work by four oclock this afternoon. 他的决定使我们在今天下午四点以前完成工作成为可能。5. Just stay where

8、 you are and dont move. 待在你现在待的地方别动。. 阅读理解If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Havent you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language? According to a new study by a British university, learning a seco

9、nd language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. The study also found the effect is greater when the younger

10、people learn a second language. A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners. Scan

11、s showed that grey matter density(密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals who learnt a second language at an early age. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference. “Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of

12、 learning a second language, ” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and mak

13、es the brain more flexible” he said, “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas. ”The findings had the same result in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty-four. Reading, writ

14、ing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world, ” explained the scientists. 【文章大意】研究表明, 学习第二语言能够提升大脑的能力。1. The main subject talked about in this passage is _. A. science on

15、 learning a second languageB. mans ability of learning a second languageC. that a second language learning can help increase brain powerD. language learning and maths study【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“. . . learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power”和第三段中的“The study also found th

16、e effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language. ”及最后一段中的“The findings had the same result in. . . ”可知, 文章主要讲的是一项研究成果, 即学习第二语言能够提升大脑的能力, 故选C。2. In the second paragraph, the writer mentions “exercise” in order to _. A. say language is also a kind of physical laborB. prove that one

17、 needs more practice when he (she) is learning a languageC. to show the importance of using the language when you learn the languageD. make people believe a second language learning helps grey matter work well【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“. . . learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain

18、 power. . . This is the area of the brain which processes information. ”可知, 学习第二语言能够增强大脑处理信息的能力, 再根据“It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. ”可知, 锻炼身体能够增强肌肉力量, 同样, 学习第二语言也能提升大脑的能力。作者把学习第二语言比作锻炼身体是想让大家相信学习第二语言能够帮助增强大脑灰质的活性, 故选D。3. The underlined word “bilinguals” probably means “_”. A.

19、 researchers on language learningB. people who are good at learning foreign languagesC. people who can speak two languagesD. active language learners【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的定语从句“who had learnt a second language before the age of five”可知, 画线词指的是学习第二种语言的人, 故选C。. 阅读填句(2020青岛高二检测)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最

20、佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction. When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good. 1In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut down on. “It

21、 seems like every time I study an illness and trace a path to the first cause, I find my way back to sugar, ” says scientist Richard Johnson. One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes. Why? “2” says Johnson. Our bodies are designed to survive on very

22、 little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. 3So what is the solution? Its obvious that we need to eat less sugar

23、. 4From breakfast cereals to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it. Some manufacturers even use sugar to replace taste in foods that are advertised as low in fat. But there are those who are fighting back against sugar. 5Other schools are growing their own food in gardens,

24、 or building facilities like walking tracks so students and others in the community can exercise. The battle has not yet been lost. A. We take in more energy and fat. B. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. C. Our ancestors were used to poor food, clothing and shelter. D. So the

25、 very thing that once saved us, may now be killing us. E. Sugar, we believe, is one of the reasons, if not the major one. F. The trouble is, in todays world, its extremely difficult to avoid. G. Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier options like fruit. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多科学家认

26、为吃糖会上瘾, 并引发疾病。为此, 人们应该减少摄入糖分, 一些学校开始用水果代替甜点, 或者修建步行道让学生们加强锻炼。1. 【解析】选B。根据下文In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut down on. 可知, 这里强调以这种方式, 糖会使我们上瘾, 医生也建议我们要减少食用。因此横线处应该是说明糖为什么会使人上瘾。故B项Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. (然后这种感觉消失, 我们需要更

27、多糖分。)引出下文, 符合语境。故选B。2. 【解析】选E。根据上文“One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes. Why? ”世界上有三分之一的成年人患有高血压, 高达3亿4700万的人患有糖尿病。为什么? 可知, 下文应是介绍原因的。故E项Sugar, we believe, is one of the reasons, if not the major one. (我们认为, 糖是原因之一, 即使不是主要原因。)承接上文, 符合题意。故选E。3. 【

28、解析】选D。根据上文“Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. ”可知, 早期人类通常很少有食物, 所以我们的身体学会了非常有效地将糖储存为脂肪。这样, 我们就可以在没有食物的时候储存能量。这是在说明糖分的好处, 紧接着But today转折, 意味着横线处是强调糖分摄入过多的害处。故D项So th

29、e very thing that once saved us, may now be killing us. (曾经救过我们的东西现在可能正在置我们于死地。)承上启下, 符合语境。故选D。4. 【解析】选F。根据上文“Its obvious that we need to eat less sugar. ”和下文 “From breakfast cereals to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it”可知, 我们需要减少糖的食用, 但是事实上从早餐到晚餐我们的食物中含有大量的糖。也就是说横线处是对

30、我们不得不吃糖这一事实的说明。故F项The trouble is, in todays world, its extremely difficult to avoid. (问题是, 在当今世界, 这是极难避免的。)承上启下, 符合语境。故选F。5. 【解析】选G。根据上文“But there are those who are fighting back against sugar”可知, 有些人已经开始与糖分做斗争, 故下文应列举具体斗争的方法。故G项Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier options like

31、fruit. (许多学校正在选用更健康的食物例如水果代替含糖甜点。)承上启下, 符合题意。故选G。【补偿训练】When the seventeenth-century settlers brought the English language to America, they immediately and necessarily began to adapt it to their new environment. These changes were early and criticized by some people on both sides of the Atlantic. How

32、ever, after the revolution, Americans began to be proud of their own form of English. Noah Webster was the major early supporter of American meanings and spellings over British ones and published the earliest American dictionary, An American Dictionary of the English Language. During the years since

33、 Webster, language differences have continued to develop, proving the truth of George Bernard Shaws often-repeated words that the two nations are divided by a common language. Like the American language, the earliest American literature (文学) copied English models. However, after the revolution and t

34、he war of 1812, writers began to create a clear American literature. However, in 1820, Sydney Smith asked the famous question “Who reads an American book? ”Answering to this and similar taunts (讽刺) with creative anger, American writers soon produced works that plenty of British people read. Works by

35、 Washington Irving, Walt Whitman, and Mark Twain had been acclaimed greatly in Britain by the end of the nineteenth century. Even as American writers got respect in Britain, British writers continued to have great influence in America. Charles Dickens went to America twice, in 1842 and 1867-68. Othe

36、r major British writers who traveled and lived in the United States included D. H. Lawrence and Aldous Huxley. British best works continued to be widely read. The works of William Shakespeare and Jane Austen became popular films. At the turn of the twenty-first century, many books and writers contin

37、ued to cross the Atlantic in both directionsmade possible by the proud heritage (继承) of the shared language. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。美国人和英国人使用相同的语言。起初英国人看不起美国人写的书, 后来美国独立后, 一些美国作家写的文学作品深受英国人的欢迎, 同时英国一些作家的作品也被美国人广泛阅读。1. The author of this passage seems to think _. A. British English is better than American En

38、glishB. American English is better than British EnglishC. the same language has divided the two nationsD. the same language has connected the two nations【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“made possible by the proud heritage of the shared language”可知, 正是因为语言相同使得英美两国的书籍和作者得以频繁交流。2. From the question asked by Sydne

39、y Smith, we can infer that _. A. the British had to translate American books into English onesB. the British found American books difficult to understandC. the British thought highly of books written by AmericansD. the British looked down upon American books at first【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第三段中的“Answering to

40、this and similar taunts with creative anger. . . ”可知, 英国人起初看不起美国人写的书。3. The underlined word “acclaimed” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_”. A. soldB. discussedC. welcomed D. refused【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“. . . American writers soon produced works that plenty of British people read”可知, 美国作家很快创作出英国人阅读的作品。后面列举了Washington Irving, Walt Whitman和Mark Twain等名人的作品, 很显然这些作品是受英国人欢迎的。