2020秋高二英语外研版选修7学案：MODULE 6　THE WORLD’S CULTURAL HERITAGE SECTION Ⅱ GRAMMAR——虚拟语气和状语从句 WORD版含解析.doc

1、Module 6The Worlds Cultural Heritage Section Grammar虚拟语气和状语从句语法图解 课文原句感知They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired.They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.Mary

2、 speaks as if she were Chinese.Its high time that we should have/had a rest.As long as youve got a raincoat, youll be OK.Just stay where you are and dont move.Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings.Whatever happens, youre going to have a marvelous time.The little child eats whatever we give him.语法领

3、悟(1)以上句中，句谓语动词均使用了虚拟语气。从句中用should动词原形，should可以省略。(2)句中黑体部分分别引导条件、地点、让步状语从句。(3)由句可知， as引导让步状语从句时，句子要采用倒装语序。(4)句中黑体部分引导让步状语从句，句中引导名词性从句。一、虚拟语气1虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用(1)在宾语从句中的应用advise, recommend, demand, propose, require, desire, insist(坚决要求)，suggest(建议), order, request等表示“建议、命令、要求、愿望”等的动词后接的宾语从句通常用虚拟语气，此时从句谓

4、语用“should动词原形”，其中should可省略。Janes pale face suggested that she was ill, and her parents suggested that she (should) have a physical examination.简苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她的父母建议她做个体检。He requested the work (should) be finished by the weekend.他要求周末前完成工作。He proposed that we (should) go for a walk.他提议我们去散散步。The boss r

5、equired that the workers (should) work all night.老板要求工人们整夜工作。The doctor strongly recommended that he (should) take a holiday.医生强烈建议他休假。名师点津 当insist作“坚持说，固执己见”解，suggest作“表明，暗示”解时，其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。试比较：We insist that you (should) accept these gifts.我们坚决要求你收下这些礼物。He insisted that he had done right.他坚持说自己做对

6、了。I suggested to him that we (should) deal with the problem in another way.我向他建议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题。His cold response suggested that he didnt like the idea.他冷漠的回应表明他并不喜欢这个主意。would rather后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语主要有两种形式：I would rather you came to see me tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来看我。I would rather you hadnt told me the fact.

7、我宁愿你没有告诉我实情。即学即练1单句语法填空I told her she shouldnt swim after a whole nights coughing, but she refused to give up and insisted she (should)_go (go)解析：句意：我告诉她，她咳了整整一晚上之后不应该再游泳，但是她拒绝放弃并坚持去。insist作“坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。We would rather our daughter stayed (stay) at home with us

8、, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.解析：句意：我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们待在家里，但是这是她的选择，并且她不再是个孩子了。would rather的意思是“希望，宁愿”，后接从句时，从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词用一般过去时来表示现在或将来的愿望，故填stayed。(2)在主语从句中的应用It is necessary that we (should) clean the room every day.我们每天打扫房间是有必要的。It is required that middle school students (s

9、hould) take at least one hours exercise every day.中学生被要求每天至少锻炼一个小时。(3)在同位语从句中的应用advice, suggestion, proposal, request, requirement, order, demand等表示建议、要求、命令、愿望等的名词后的同位语从句通常用虚拟语气，从句谓语形式为“(should)动词原形”。We agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.我们同意他提出的去北京观光的建议。He gave

10、the order that the troops (should) withdraw at once.他下令部队马上撤退。(4)在表语从句中的应用 advice, suggestion, proposal, request, requirement, order, demand等表示建议、要求、命令、愿望等的名词后的表语从句通常用虚拟语气，从句谓语形式为“(should)动词原形”。His suggestion is that we (should) persuade her to stay here first.他的建议是我们首先说服她待在这儿。My desire is that we (

11、should) not quarrel over such things.我的愿望是我们不要为这样的事情争吵。2虚拟语气的其他用法(1)as if/as though引导的方式状语从句as if/as though引导的方式状语从句表示与事实相反的情况或将来发生的可能性不大，从句用虚拟语气。不同虚拟条件下谓语的形式：He speaks as if/as though he knew all about it.他说起话来就好像他完全知道这件事似的。He talks about pyramids as if/as though he had seen them himself.他谈论起金字塔来就好

12、像他自己曾经见过似的。特别提醒 as if引导的方式状语从句若陈述的是一般事实或所说的事情将来出现的可能性很大，那么从句可以不用虚拟语气。(2)Its (high/about) time (that).句型该主从复合句中that引导的定语从句通常用虚拟语气，此时从句谓语动词的形式为过去式或“should动词原形”，必须注意的是should不能省去。It is about time that we were off.我们该离开了。It is high time that you should teach him to behave himself.早该是你教他守规矩的时候了。(3)if only

13、后的句子if only后的句子常用虚拟语气，句子谓语用一般过去时表示当前没有实现的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去没有实现的愿望。If only she had known where to find you.当时她要是知道去哪儿找你就好了。If only I knew the answer.我要是知道答案就好了。即学即练2单句语法填空It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had_done (do) it?解析：此处as if从句后面使用了虚拟语气，因为第一句交代John打破窗户是过去发生的事情，所以此

14、处表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。Dont handle the vase as if it were (be) made of steel.解析：考查虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法。as if在此引导方式状语从句。由语境可知，显然花瓶不是钢做的，那么该状语从句应该用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设，所以从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而be动词通常用were。Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he did (do) something instead of just talking.解析：考查虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法。此处表

15、示杰克总是夸夸其谈。他真该做点儿实事了，而不是光说不做。Its high time that.句型中，that引导定语从句，从句中谓语动词通常用一般过去时或“should动词原形”， should不能省略。二、状语从句(地点、条件、让步)1地点状语从句地点状语从句表示地点，常见的引导地点状语从句的连词有：where, wherever。Where there is a will, there is a way.谚有志者，事竟成。You can park your car wherever you like in this area.在这个地区，你可以在任何你喜欢的地方停车。Wuhan lies

16、 where the Yangtze River and the Han River meet.武汉位于长江和汉江的交汇处。即学即练3(1)选择填空_ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.AWhereBAsCIn case DNow that答案：A解析：句意：在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在有更进一步继续前行的决心。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少地点状语，因此用Where引导地点状语从句。故选A。(2)单句语法填空I cannot hear the p

17、rofessor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.解析：句意：我听不清教授讲话，因为我坐的那个地方噪音太大。分析句子结构可知，_ I am sitting作状语，表示地点，所以用where引导地点状语从句。Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi where the bus had dropped her.解析：句意：半小时以后，露西在她下公共汽车的地方仍然没有坐上出租车。where在此引导地点状语从句，表示“在地方”。2条件状语从句条件状语从句表示条件，对应的

18、主句表示结果。引导条件状语从句的连词有if, unless, in case, as/so long as, supposing (that), provided/providing (that), assuming (that), on condition that等。I wont go to the party unless Im invited.除非被邀请，否则我不会去参加聚会的。In case you need something, please dont hesitate to let me know.如果你需要什么东西，请别犹豫让我知道。I will lend this book

19、to you on condition that you return it to me on time.如果你能按时把这本书还给我，我就把它借给你。即学即练4选择填空She says that shell have to close the shop _ business improves.Aif BunlessCafter Dwhen答案：B解析：句意：她说她将不得不关掉商店，除非生意好转。unlessif.not(如果不)，引导条件状语从句，符合句意。if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，但不符合句意；after和when引导时间状语从句。3让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句的引导词让步状语从

20、句表示让步关系。引导让步状语从句的连词通常可分为四类：He will come on time even though/if it rains.即使下雨，他也会准时来。No matter what/Whatever you may do, do it well.不论你做什么，好好地做。While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its style.我虽然喜欢这顶帽子的颜色，但是不喜欢它的样式。(2)注意事项though引导的让步状语从句可以用倒装结构，也可以不用倒装结构；但是as引导的让步状语从句必须用倒装结构，且作表语的可数名词单数位于句

21、首时，名词前不加冠词。Though he is only fifteen years old, he has shouldered the burden to support the whole family.虽然他只有15岁，但他已经肩负起养活全家的重担。Strong man as he is, General Botha has gone through severe test during the past few weeks.波赛将军虽然坚强，但在过去的几个星期里也经历了严峻的考验。although, though不可以与but连用，但可以和still, yet等连用。Although

22、 everyone played well, we still lost the game.尽管每个人都打得不错，我们还是输了。“特殊疑问词ever”引导让步状语从句时，可与“no matter特殊疑问词”互换；引导名词性从句时，不可与“no matter特殊疑问词”互换。No matter who/Whoever you are, you must obey the law.无论你是谁，你都得遵守法律。Keep calm, whatever/no matter what happens.无论发生什么事都要保持冷静。即学即练5(1)选择填空_ birds use their feathers

23、for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.AOnce BIfCAlthough DBecause答案：C解析：句意：尽管鸟类用羽毛飞行，但是它们的一些羽毛也有其他用途。根据句意可知，空处用Although引导让步状语从句。(2)单句语法填空Unless you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.解析：句意：除非你睡眠好，否则你一两个夜晚后就不能集中注意力，不

24、能计划，也不能保持积极性。unless “除非”符合句意。If we dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.解析：句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上许多动植物将不复存在。根据句意可知，此处用If引导条件状语从句。单句语法填空1The teacher advised that we (should)_make (make) good use of every minute.2My mom suggests that we (should)_eat (eat) out for a c

25、hange this weekend.3Tom insisted that he hadnt stolen the watch and he (should)_be_set (set) free.4His advice is that we (should)_tell (tell) her the exciting news at once.5It is suggested that the students (should)_practice (practice) speaking as much as possible to learn English well.6One can alwa

26、ys manage to do more things, however full ones schedule is in life.7His proposal is that we (should)_carry (carry) out the task immediately.8Your suggestion that the door (should)_be_shut (shut) when we leave is reasonable.9The photo of mine was taken where the famous high tower stands.10George is g

27、oing to talk about the geographic environment in his country, but Id rather he focused (focus) more on its culture.11Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam (should)_be (be) at the age of six months old.12The chairman proposed that some money (should)_be_raised (raise) to help the poor or

28、phans who had cancer.13He ordered that everyone (should)_get (get) there before 9：00 next morning.14Although/Though the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.15If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it out.