吉林省长春市普通高中2021届高三英语下学期质量监测试题（四）（含解析）.doc

1、吉林省长春市普通高中2021届高三英语下学期质量监测试题（四）（含解析）本试卷共12页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字迹工整，笔迹清楚。3. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4. 作图可先用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 听力（120小题）第一节（

2、共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the man reading?A. A magazine.B. A novel.C. A newspaper.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: I read in the newspaper that

3、 the novel you are reading is excellent.W: Ive also read some negative reviews.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man mean?A. The reference books cant be borrowed.B. The reference books arent available.C. Any kind of books can be borrowed.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: I thought the librarian said we could check o

4、ut as many books as we need with our library cards.M: Thats right, but not those reference books.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At a supermarket.B. At a restaurant.C. At a theater.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Do you know if our food is ready? Were going to be late for the

5、 theatre if it doesnt come soon.M: Im sorry, maam. The kitchen is backed up. It ought to be ready soon.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Who will hand in the report?A. The woman.B. The man.C. Neither.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: The thing to keep in mind is to be clear and brief when you write your report.W: Oh, before I for

6、get, when is it due, Professor Lawrence?M: Its due a week from today.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why didnt the man finish his science homework?A. He found it difficult.B. He forgot it completely.C. He didnt have enough time.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Billy, can I please have your science homework?M: Um, Im really sor

7、ry but a friend came over last night, so I only had time to finish half of it. Plus, I left it all at home.W: Billy, youd better have it done by tomorrow.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下

8、面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What is wrong with the shower?A. It has no hot water.B. It cant be turned on at all.C. It cant be tuned off completely.7. What is the man good at repairing?A Washers.B. TVs.C. Shower heads.【答案】6. C 7. B【解析】【原文】W: Isaac, somethings wrong with the shower. It wont tu

9、rn off completely.M: Yeah? Maybe the shower head needs replacing.W: Oh, its probably just a washer or something that needs to be replaced. Can you take a look at it?M: Me? Im not a repairman. I dont even know whats wrong with it.W: I know. But youre always so good when the TV needs to be fixed. You

10、know, when the screen needs adjusting.M: Yeah, well, thats an emergency!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. When did the man get a reply to his application?A. Last month.B. Last week.C. This Friday.9. Why is the man going to Paris?A. To travel.B. To study.C. To work.【答案】8. B 9. C【解析】【原文】M: Remembe

11、r how I applied for those jobs overseas last month?W: Yeah. Did you get a reply?M: Last Friday, one of the companies e-mailed me. Theyve offered me a job in Paris! Ill go to Paris tomorrow.W: Wow! Congratulations! What about your current job? Have you told them youre leaving?M: No, not yet.W: They m

12、ight be upset. Ill be hard to find someone to fill in your position at such short notice.M: Well, its none of my business. Im telling the manager at work that my bags are packed and Im leaving today.W: Well, I hope you have a good time in Paris.M: You bet I will!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10

13、. Whats the womans attitude towards her trying?A. Disappointed.B. Confident.C. Interested.11. Which of the following has been tried?A. Doing exercise.B. Writing books.C. Going on diets.12 What does the man advise the woman to do?A. Keep her lifestyle.B. Improve her health.C. Save her energy.【答案】10.

14、A 11. C 12. B【解析】【原文】M: Oh, you got me all wrong! Maybe youll just have to try a little harder.W: But I really am! And Ive tried everything: pills, all kinds of diets, best-selling books you name it!I feel like Im doing everything right but I still keep getting bad news!M: Well, you must be doing so

15、mething wrong. To be honest, Id say what you really need is an overall change of lifestyle.W: Yeah, youre probably right but Ive been so caught up in the work deadlines and keeping the house going that whenever Im upset or tense I head straight for the fridge.M: Well, habits like that are hard to br

16、eak. What Im saying is that instead of always thinking about your weight, you could try to improve your health and increase your energy levels.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. Who is Julie?A. The womans schoolmate.B. The womans colleague.C. The womans relative.14. Why didnt the woman want to d

17、o magic tricks at the party?A. She didnt bring what she needed.B. She didnt know how to do it at all.C She hasnt practised it for a long time.15. How did the woman feel at the party?A. Tired.B. Embarrassed.C. Excited.16. What does the woman plan to do?A. Avoid meeting Julie again.B. Practice magic t

18、ricks at times.C. Give up playing magic tricks.【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. B【解析】【原文】M: How was the party last night, Rebecca? Im so disappointed I couldnt make it.W: Most of it was good, but.M: How come?W: Well, one of my school friends was there, Julie, and she remembered that I used to be really goo

19、d at doing magic tricks. Well, I havent got around to doing it for a long time. Im really out of practise.M: What happened at the party?W: Well, Julie announced really loudly that I could do magic tricks, and they made me perform. I hate being the centre of attention. They all stared at me. I was so

20、 bad at it, and it took me about five minutes to remember how to do it again.M: How come you dont practise magic tricks more?W: Its not a skill that you can put to use very often. But I think I should practise from time to time to avoid a scene like that again. I looked so stupid!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可

21、播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. What is the text mainly about?A. A journey back in time.B. A trip to the future.C. A space voyage.18. In which year can the listeners see the first person in space?A. In 1880.B. In 1961.C. In 1903.19. What can the listeners see on the screens in the year 1450?A. The first books.B.

22、The first sailing ship.C. The first electric light bulb.20. What will the listeners do next?A. Enjoy the first plane flight.B. See the first Olympic Games.C. Visit the people 4000 years ago.【答案】17. A 18. B 19. A 20. C【解析】【原文】Good morning, this is your captain speaking. Please fasten your seat belts

23、for your journey back in time. We will travel at 100 years per second to 4, 000 years ago 2, 000 BC. Please watch your television screens. Now back to 1961 the first person in space.Now we are in 1903. You can see the first plane flight and about twenty years before in 1880. Look! The first electric

24、 light bulb. The year 1500 is on your screens now. You can see the first round-the-world sailing ships. One hundred years earlier, in 1450, we have the first printing press and the first books. And now, 2, 000 years more we can see some of the races of the first Olympic Games in Greece in 500 BC. An

25、d back another 1, 000 years, I can hear the sound of the first medal. This is 2, 000 BC. Here we are at our time stop for today 4, 000 years ago. You can unfasten your seat belts. Lets step out of the timeship 4, 000 years ago and meet the people in their houses and at work.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共

26、15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AStill seeking a destination for your holiday? We want to inform you of four best places that are probably a mere walk away from your home.HighlandsThis Scottish destination, only accessible on foot or by boat, is Britains last wilderness. Over a wee

27、k, youll hike into the Black Hills, cross the peninsula north to south and set sail for hikes on Skye, Rum and Eigg. Finish each day at a beach-side lodge (小屋), with dinner at the award-winning restaurant next door.SnowdoniaThe Snowdonia Way, the only low-level long-distance route, was only created

28、in 2017, and remains unnoticed on the ground. Join the new guided walking trip and you wont need to concentrate on directions, just the fine views as you pass falls, forests, riversides and Roman roads.Hadrians WallWalking along Hadrians Wall is like travelling back in timeand even more so if you do

29、 it in expert company. Andantes hike along the ancient barrier is accompanied by a historian every step of the way, who will point out every Roman road, fort, milecastle and inscription, and tell you all about Hadrians tactics and Roman daily life.DorestThe Isle of Purbeck is ideal for families: the

30、 walking is relatively gentle; the beaches are glorious; the range of other attractions varied; and the buses handy, if little legs get tired. Over a few days, mix rambling the coast and hills (routes are around five or six miles) with steam train rides and sea swims, playing knights at ruined Corfe

31、 Castle and fossil-hunting at Kimmeridge Bay.21. What can we know about Highlands?A. It is very modern.B. It is a guided trip.C. It can be reached by bus.D. It provides quality dinner.22. Which of the following is the best choice for families?A. Snowdonia.B. Dorset.C. Hadrians Wall.D. Highlands.23.

32、What do the four travel routes have in common?A. They are all walking routes.B. They are all high-level routes.C. Their destinations are the same.D. They are helpful to learn about history.【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个可能距离您的家仅几步之遥的旅游目的地。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Highlands中“ Finish each day at a

33、beach-side lodge (小屋), with dinner at the award-winning restaurant next door.( 在海滩边的小屋结束每一天，在隔壁获奖的餐厅享用晚餐。)”可知，Highlands提供高质量的晚餐。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Dorest中第一句“The Isle of Purbeck is ideal for families: the walking is relatively gentle; the beaches are glorious; the range of other attractions varied;

34、and the buses handy, if little legs get tired. (普贝克岛是家庭的理想之地：步行相对平和；海滩很美；其他景点的范围各不相同；如果小脚累了，公共汽车也很方便。)”可知，Dorset是家庭之旅的最佳选择。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Highlands中“This Scottish destination, only accessible on foot (这个苏格兰的目的地，只有步行才能到达)；Snowdonia中“Join the new guided walking trip(加入新的有向导的徒步旅行)；Hadrians Wall中“ A

35、ndantes hike along the ancient barrier is accompanied by a historian every step of the way, and tell you all about Hadrians tactics and Roman daily life.( Andante徒步之旅沿着古老的屏障徒步旅行的每一步都由一位历史学家陪同，他将指出每条罗马之路，要塞，里程碑和碑文，并向您全面介绍哈德良的战术和罗马日常生活。)和Dorest中“the walking is relatively gentle(步行相对平和)”可知，这四个旅游目的地都是步行

36、路线。故选A。BCHARITY HONORS SONS MEMORYNonprofit providing gifts to 18 to 39-year-olds is raising memoryBy PAM KRAOENRAMONA, Calif. Before he died from cancer at age 29, Silas River Bennett spent his final months taking photographs of the world around him, emailing friends, buying Christmas gifts for his

37、 sisters and encouraging his family to give to the needy. “What was important to him was to have a sense of himself outside of cancer,” said his mom, Lorranie Kerz of Ramona.Bennett went to the hospital in fall 2007 with severe back pains. He was diagnosed with Stage 4 lung cancer that had spread to

38、 his bones. Doctors believed the cancer was environmentally caused, perhaps by exposure to some poisonous gas in the basement where he lived or poisons in the paints he used as a painter.Kerz said her son was a man with a great sense of humor and a very creative mind. He had an “electric intellect”

39、who loved debating, watching “Jeopardy!” a game show on TV and telling stories with his photographs. After Bennett died in May 2008, Kerz wanted to honor the creative spirit and generosity of her son, whose nickname was “Sy”. The result was Sys Fund, a Romona-based all-volunteer national nonprofit t

40、hat has fulfilled the wishes of more than 250 people aged 18 to 39 who are battling cancer. Sys Fund provides them with small gifts such as laptops, cameras, guitar lessons, or printers to lift their spirits and refocus their energies in a positive direction.The group raises money through three fund

41、raisers each year, such as golf tournaments and 5K races. This year, because of the COVID-19, theyre trying a virtual fundraiser for the first time. After registering online, participants must download the “Lets Roam” app to their phones to donate. For those who want to apply for a wish grant, visit

42、 sysfund.org. The organization is also seeking more volunteer members. For details, email Kerz at lorrainesysfund.org.24. Why did Kerz found Sys Fund?A. To honour his son.B. To get rid of cancer.C. To make his son famous.D. To gain more profit.25. What can we learn about Sy?A. His cancer was caused

43、by poisonous paints.B. He spent his final months preparing for the fund.C. He was energetic and lived a short but colorful life.D. He died more than one year after he was diagnosed with cancer.26. How does Sys fund help the needy?A. By seeking more volunteers to tell stories.B. By downloading some a

44、pps to the phones.C. By providing cancer patients with small gifts.D. By selling some things to cancer patients at a low price.27. Where is this text most likely from?A. A newspaper.B. A guidebook.C. An announcement.D. A diary.【答案】24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了Lorranie Kerz为了纪念逝去的儿子所建立

45、的慈善基金会，该基金会旨在帮助那些患有癌症的患者。24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章标题“CHARITY HONORS SONS MEMORY”以及文章第三段“After Bennett died in May 2008, Kerz wanted to honor the creative spirit and generosity of her son, whose nickname was “Sy”. The result was Sys Fund, a Romona-based all-volunteer national nonprofit that has fulfilled the

46、wishes of more than 250 people aged 18 to 39 who are battling cancer.(Bennett于2008年5月去世后，Kerz想要纪念她的儿子的创新精神和慷慨，他的昵称是“Sy”。结果就是Sy基金会成立了，这是一个总部设在罗马尼亚的全自愿性质的全国性非营利组织，已经实现了250多名18岁至39岁的癌症患者的愿望)”可知，Kerz创立基金会的目的就是为了纪念她逝去的儿子。故选A。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Before he died from cancer at age 29, Silas River Bennett s

47、pent his final months taking photographs of the world around him, emailing friends, buying Christmas gifts for his sisters and encouraging his family to give to the needy.( 29岁时，Silas River Bennett因癌症去世。在他生命的最后几个月里，他拍摄周围的世界，给朋友发电子邮件，给姐妹们买圣诞礼物，鼓励家人捐给穷人)”以及文章第三段“After Bennett died in May 2008, Kerz wa

48、nted to honor the creative spirit and generosity of her son, whose nickname was “Sy”. (Bennett于2008年5月去世后，Kerz想要纪念她的儿子的创新精神和慷慨，他的昵称是“Sy”。)”可知，Bennett在生命的最后几个月里，做了许多有意义的事并且他的母亲认为他是一个富有创新精神和慷慨的人。由此推知，Bennett精力充沛，一生虽然短暂但却丰富多彩。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Sys Fund provides them with small gifts such as lapt

49、ops, cameras, guitar lessons, or printers to lift their spirits and refocus their energies in a positive direction.(Sy基金会为他们提供小礼物比如笔记本电脑、相机、吉他课或打印机来振奋他们的精神，将他们的精力重新集中在积极的方向上。)”可知，Sy基金会通过给癌症病人提供小礼物从而让他们振奋精神。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This year, because of the COVID-19, theyre trying a virtual fundrais

50、er for the first time. After registering online, participants must download the “Lets Roam” app to their phones to donate.(今年，由于新冠疫情，他们首次尝试进行虚拟募捐。在网上注册后，参与者必须下载“Lets Roam”应用程序到他们的手机上进行捐赠)”可知，文章呼吁大家为Sy基金会进行捐款。再结合文章最后所给出的网站和邮箱，由此推知，本文是给Sy基金会打广告，呼吁大家捐款并且加入其中。故本文选自于报纸。故选A。CBelieve it or not, 43,000,000

51、Americans are gardening. That is about one in six. Gardeners, of course, come in many varieties.Abhi Arora used to be in the tech field. Like so many people, he sat at a desk all day, staring at a screen. Due to the stress of always staying indoors and in front of a computer, he started getting anxi

52、ety issues. To recharge and refresh, he visited a local garden in California. He noticed the shift in his mood, emotions, and improvement in his mental health overall during each visit.Arora became friends and later business partners with the gardens owner, farmer Rishi Kumar, Kumar studied computer

53、 science in college but became obsessed with plants and gardening. He now runs Sarvodaya Farms in Pomona, Califomia. Rishi and I met an old man who was healing himself and his son through the power of gardens. It was then that I realized that we could help others feel the same connection to the heal

54、ing power of gardens, Arora says. The two co-founded Healing Gardens, an online marketplace where people can rent their organic urban gardens or farms for use by the hour.“Ive always had a love for plants and wildlife, so with Healing Gardens we want to bring easy access to the wellness benefits of

55、nature to our community and at the same time do our part in regenerating our planet. Arora says.Healing Gardens is based on the simple idea that most people enjoy being surrounded by plants and animals. A healing garden is a restorative outdoor space that has been specifically designed to steer the

56、restless mind away from circling thoughts and towards the presence of the senses.In addition to offering private time for visitors to just spend time alone in the garden or at the farm, individual hosts may also offer events and activities like yoga classes, mediation sessions, and goat petting for

57、kids. Beautiful imagery, luscious smells, birdsongs, and more, gently invite the guest at a Healing Garden to presence.28. How did Arora feel after he visited local gardens?A. More stressed.B. More anxious.C. More emotional.D. More relaxed.29. What led Arora to set up Healing Gardens?A. The idea of

58、looking for a new job.B. An experience in a garden in California.C. The bright future of the online business.D. Kumars knowledge in computer science.30. Whats the purpose of founding the Healing Gardens?A. To earn more money.B. To promote the produce.C. To provide leisure places.D. To bring the bene

59、fits of nature to people.31. What do we know about the Healing Gardens?A. Recovery rooms are available.B. People can spend time alone for free.C. A wide variety of activities are provided.D. People can enjoy performances by trained animals.【答案】28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Abhi Arora创立H

60、ealing Gardens的原因以及所带来的好处。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“He noticed the shift in his mood, emotions, and improvement in his mental health overall during each visit.(他注意到在每次访问期间他的心情、情绪和心理健康的整体改善)”可知，Arora在参观当地的花园后心情和心理健康都会得到改善。由此推知，参观花园会让他感到舒适和放松。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“To recharge and refresh, he visited a loc

61、al garden in California. He noticed the shift in his mood, emotions, and improvement in his mental health overall during each visit.（为了放松和休整，他参观了加州的一个当地花园。每次参观之后，他都注意到了心情和情绪的转变，以及心理健康的提升。）”以及第三段“It was then that I realized that we could help others feel the same connection to the healing power of ga

62、rdens, Arora says.（正是那个时候我才意识到我们也可以帮助别人感受到花园给他们带来的治疗性的作用。）”可知，正是加州的经历促使他建立了这个项目，故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Ive always had a love for plants and wildlife, so with Healing Gardens we want to bring easy access to the wellness benefits of nature to our community and at the same time do our part in regener

63、ating our planet(我一直都很喜欢植物和野生动物，所以通过Healing Gardens，我们希望为我们的社区带来自然的健康益处，同时也为地球的再生尽一份力)”可知，Arora建立花园的目的是想给社区带来自然的健康益处。即给人们带来自然的好处。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In addition to offering private time for visitors to just spend time alone in the garden or at the farm, individual hosts may also offer events a

64、nd activities like yoga classes, mediation sessions, and goat petting for kids.(除了为游客提供在花园或农场独处的私人时间外，单独的主人还会提供活动和活动，比如瑜伽课、冥想课程，以及孩子们的山羊抚摸)”可知，Healing Gardens给参观者们提供了各式各样的活动。故选C。DIts hard to turn down hamburgers, French fries, potato chips and all of the other junk food that seem to call out to us.

65、However, eating too much junk food can harm your body, particularly if youre between the ages of 10 and 19.“Junk food shapes adolescent brains in ways that weaken their ability to think, learn and remember. It can also make it harder to control impulsive behaviors,” said Amy Reichelt, a brain and nu

66、trition specialist at Western University, Canada. “It may even up a teens risk of depression and anxiety.”Reichelt and two other researchers found adolescents are more sensitive than any other age group to processed foods with a lot of fat and sugar. Adolescent brains are still developing the abilit

67、y to assess risks and control actions. The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldnt eat chips all the time and helps us resist that urge. But this region is the last to mature - it doesnt fully develop until we are in our early 20s. Meanwhile, teen brains get more active

68、from rewards for a while. The parts of the brain that make us feel good when we do something pleasurable are fully developed by the teen years.In fact, these regions are even more sensitive when we are young. Thats because dopamine (多巴胺), a natural chemical that lifts our mood when we experience som

69、ething good, is especially active in adolescent brains. Therefore, the teen brain has two strikes against it when it comes to resisting junk food. “It has a heightened drive for rewards and reduced self-regulation,” said Reichelt.So, whats the best way to say no to junk food? Researchers suggest exe

70、rcise. When we exercise, the brains reward system becomes less sensitive to food. Exercise also cause the body to make a protein that helps brain cells grow and boosts connections between the prefrontal cortex and other brain regions. The prefrontal cortex thus can work better to help us make wise d

71、ecisions and control our impulses.32. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?A. The effects of eating junk food.B. The causes of favouring junk food.C. The tendency of sharing junk food.D. The benefits of avoiding junk food.33. What is the function of the prefrontal cortex?A. It serves as the

72、 sense of taste.B. It promotes teenagers spirits.C. It is partly in charge of self-control.D. It helps teenagers grow physically mature.34. What does “it” refer to in the third paragraph?A. The prefrontal cortex.B. The urge.C. The adolescent brain.D. The body.35. Why is it hard for teens to give up

73、junk food?A. Junk food is delicious and nutritious.B. Junk food is popular among young people.C. Teenagers dont realize the harm of junk food.D. Teenagers can feel temporary excitement from junk food.【答案】32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。科学家最新研究表明，垃圾食品不仅对身体不好，甚至会对大脑造成负面影响，造成记忆减退，认知能力下降，而且对青少年的影

74、响尤为明显。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Junk food shapes adolescent brains in ways that weaken their ability to think, learn and remember. It can also make it harder to control impulsive behaviors,” said Amy Reichelt, a brain and nutrition specialist at Western University, Canada. “It may even up a teens risk of d

75、epression and anxiety.” (“垃圾食品会损伤思维、学习和记忆的能力进而影响青少年大脑发育。它也会使控制冲动行为变得更加困难，”加拿大Western大学大脑和营养专家Amy Reichert说道。“这甚至会增加青少年患抑郁症和焦虑症的风险 ”)”可知，本段主要介绍了吃垃圾食品的影响。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldnt eat chips all the time and helps us resist that urg

76、e. (前额叶皮层是大脑的一部分，它告诉我们不应该一直吃薯片，并帮助我们抵制这种冲动)”可知，前额叶皮层能帮助我们抵制吃薯片的冲动，所以在一定程度上掌控自我控制。故选C。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldnt eat chips all the time and helps us resist that urge. But this region is the last to mature - it doesnt fully develop unti

77、l we are in our early 20s. (前额叶皮层是大脑的一部分，它告诉我们不应该一直吃薯片，并帮助我们抵制这种冲动。然后这一区域是最后发育成熟的部分要到我们20出头，it才完全发育)”可知此处it代指上文提到的“这一区域”，而“这一区域”就是上文提到的the prefrontal cortex(前额叶皮层)。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thats because dopamine (多巴胺), a natural chemical that lifts our mood when we experience something good, is espec

78、ially active in adolescent brains. Therefore, the teen brain has two strikes against it when it comes to resisting junk food. “It has a heightened drive for rewards and reduced self-regulation,” said Reichelt. (这是因为多巴胺，它是一种天然的化学物质，当我们体验到美好的事物时，它能提升我们的情绪，在青少年的大脑中尤其活跃。因此，在抵制垃圾食品方面，青少年的大脑有两个劣势。“大脑更想要获得

79、奖励并降低了自我调节能力 ”，Reichelt表示)”可知，青少年吃了垃圾食品后，让他们体验了美好的感觉，这时候非常活跃的多巴胺会让他们情绪高涨，感到兴奋，这就让大脑抵制垃圾食品时更加困难，所以从垃圾食品中感受到的暂时的兴奋让青少年难以拒绝垃圾食品。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Are you failing school? Do you have trouble finding and holding on to a job? Are you unhappy at work? Have yo

80、u been accumulating a great deal of personal debt? Are you concerned about your weight? _36_ Here are some suggestions. Stop being self-absorbed and search for a purpose that will add meaning and excitement in your life Move to a new neighborhood, a new town. Go to a new school; find a new gym. _37_

81、 Make new friends. They will appreciate who you are, and help you find your passion, which you might not even know you posses. _38_ To change yourself, youve got to change habits. According to researchers, habits account for about 40 percent of our behaviors on any given day. When you learn to chang

82、e your habits, you can change your life. Change the “Choice Architecture” of your life. Make the desired choice most accessible to you. _39_ If you are good at sports, you may want to live near a sports centre, and so on.If you arent happy with your life, change your lifestyle, your personal attitud

83、es, and the circumstances you live in. _40_A. Develop good habits.B. Show them your personality.C. If so, you had better make some changes.D. In a new place, you can appreciate ways of thinking.E. In a word, you must find your element by taking action.F. Dont constantly blame others for failing to g

84、et ahead in life.G. If you are a good dancer, you want to live near a theatre district.【答案】36. C 37. D 38. A 39. G 40. E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要就如何改变自己并不满意的生活提出了建议。【36题详解】由上文“Are you failing school? Do you have trouble finding and holding on to a job? Are you unhappy at work? Have you been accumulating a

85、great deal of personal debt? Are you concerned about our weight?”(你上学失败了吗？你在寻找和坚持工作方面遇到困难吗？你在工作上不开心吗？你是否积累了大量个人债务？你担心你的体重吗？)以及下文“下面是一些建议。”可推知，C项“If so, you had better make some changes.”(如果是这样的话，你最好进行一些改变。)中if so指代前文提到的问题。承接上下文。故选C项。【37题详解】由上文“Move to a new neighborhood, a new town. Go to a new scho

86、ol; find a new gym.”(搬到新社区，新城镇。上一所新学校；找到一个新的健身房。)可知，要换一个新的地方。D项“In a new place, you can appreciate ways of thinking.” (在新的地方，你可以欣赏思维方式。) 点明了换一个新地方的好处，与上文相照应。故选D项。【38题详解】由下文“To change yourself, youve got to change habits.”(要改变自己，你必须改变习惯。)可推知，主要讲述习惯的问题。A项“养成好习惯”与下文一致，故选A项。【39题详解】由上文“Change the “Choice

87、 Architecture” of your life. Make the desired choice most accessible to you.”(改变生活中的“选择架构”。使所需的选择最适合你。)可知，这部分主要讲述选择。下文分别举例子进行具体说明。G项“如果你是一个好的舞蹈演员，你想住在剧院区域附近。”与下文形成并列关系，且承接上文，而且与下文句式一致，故选G项。【40题详解】由上文“If you arent happy with your life, change your lifestyle, your personal attitudes, and the circumsta

88、nces you live in.”(如果你对生活不满意，请改变生活方式，个人态度和居住环境。)可知，要进行改变。E项“总之，你必须通过采取行动找到自己的因素。”对前文进行总结，take action与上文的change相照应。故选E项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Science through wonderIf there was a subject at school that made me anxious, it was science

89、. So, when my husband and I decided to home-school our daughters, we made a _41_: he would teach science, while I would handle everything else. But thats not how things have been going these past few weeks, since my husband has been too _42_ to teach the girls. He spent most of his time in the lab d

90、oing research.Recently, while out on my morning hike before starting lessons, I _43_ that the sky was a beautiful blue, and the air was filled with the sweet smell of flowers. Thats why I decided that the days _44_ would be taught outside I returned to the house to get the girls ready. We _45_ up in

91、to the forest, stopping by a pond that rarely has any visitors. My daughter Saoirse began _46_ butterflies, while my other daughter Ula looked at me, waiting to be instructed. I _47_ her a drawing board and the colored pencils. “We keep quiet and wait,” I told her, “and see if something comes along.

92、 _48_, just draw whats around you.”We worked for more than an hour, _49_ speaking. A bird flew across the water, and then _50_ in front of a fallen log. I quickly told Ula, _51_ that shed not seen the creature. But she had, and she began drawing it. An hour later, she finished her _52_ and I started

93、 down at it. She drew the bird on her paper with _53_ accuracy. But there was one other interesting fact about this drawing: she also _54_ me, sitting beside her._55_ I started at this childs drawing of us watching a bird, I _56_ how Id lived for 40 years, gathered 10 years of higher education, and

94、never understood the foundation of science before this moment. The foundation of science is a sense of _57_; it isnt about reciting words from a _58_. It is first and foremost about _59_ outside our busy lives and marveling at (惊叹) the world around us. And from that day, I insisted on _60_ from my h

95、usband as the science teacher.41. A. betB. promiseC. dealD. speech42. A. busyB. freeC. tiredD. willing43. A. describedB. expectedC. exploredD. noticed44. A. lessonsB. experiencesC. activitiesD. exams45. A. disappearedB. headedC. grewD. continued46. A. picking upB. rolling overC. digging outD. runnin

96、g after47. A. searchedB. handedC. boughtD. cleaned48. A. As a resultB. In the meantimeC. In either caseD. In the end49. A. normallyB. directlyC. hardyD. only50. A. settledB. layC. jumpedD. ran51. A. sadB. disappointedC. embarrassedD. worried52. A. homeworkB. pictureC. projectD. plan53. A. excitingB.

97、 inspiringC. movingD. amazing54. A. recognizedB. ignoredC. drewD. observed55. A. ThoughB. BeforeC. IfD. As56. A. realizedB. believedC. explainedD. debated57. A. humorB. judgmentC. wonderD. responsibility58. A. textbookB. magazineC. documentD. brochure59. A. leavingB. steppingC. imaginingD. disappear

98、ing60. A. breaking awayB. running awayC. taking overD. calling on【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. D 54. C 55. D 56. A 57. C 58. A 59. B 60. C【解析】【分析】本文属于记叙文。文章作者从自己学习科学的经历出发，在女儿的画作中逐步改变了态度，认识到学习科学的真正含义。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我的丈夫和我决定在家里教育我们的女儿时，我们达成一个协议

99、：他教科学。A.bet打赌；B.promise诺言；C.deal协议；交易；D.speech演讲。根据上文“If there was a subject at school that made me anxious, it was science.”可知，作者不擅长科学，因此与丈夫达成协议，他教女儿科学。故选C。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在过去的几周，事情不是那么发展的，因为我丈夫太忙了以至于不能教这些女孩。A.busy忙碌的；B.free自由的；C.tired疲惫的；D.willing愿意的。根据上文“ thats not how things have been going

100、 these past few weeks”可推断，丈夫没有按照达成的协议教女儿科学，因为他太忙了。故选A。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，在我开始上课前的早晨的徒步旅行中，我注意到天空是美丽的蓝色，空气中充满了甜美的花香。 A.described描述；B.expected期待；C.explored探索；D.noticed注意。根据上文“while out on my morning hike”可知，作者外出散步，注意到蔚蓝的天空，空气中甜美的花香。故选D。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。 句意：这就是为什么我决定那一天的课程在外面教的原因，我回到家里让女孩们做好准备。 A.les

101、sons课程；B.experiences经历；C.activities活动；D.exams考试。根据下文的“would be taught”可推断，此处说的是那天在外面上课。故选A。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。 句意：我们前往森林，停在一个很少有游客的池塘旁。A.disappeared消失；B.headed前进；朝着；C.grew成长；D.continued继续。根据下文“stopping by a pond that rarely has any visitors”可知，作者一家去了森林。故选B。【46题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的女儿索尔斯开始追蝴蝶，而我的另一个女儿乌拉看着我，

102、等待着得到指示。 A.picking up捡起；B.rolling over翻转；C.digging out挖出；D.running after追赶。根据下文的“butterflies”可推断，索尔斯在追逐蝴蝶。故选D。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我递给她一块画板和一些彩色的铅笔。 A.searched搜寻；B.handed传递；C.bought买；D.cleaned打扫。根据上文“my other daughter Ula looked at me, waiting to be instructed.”可推断，乌拉等待着指示，因此作者递给她画板和彩色铅笔。故选B。【48题详解】考查

103、固定短语辨析。 句意：同时，画画你周围的东西。 A.As a result结果；B.In the meantime在此期间；C.In either case不管是何种情况；D.In the end最终。根据上文“We keep quiet and wait”, I told her, “and see if something comes along. ”可推断，作者让乌拉保持安静，等着看看发生什么，同时，画画周围的东西。故选B。【49题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们工作了一个多小时， 几乎没有讲话。 A.normally正常地；B.directly直接地；C.hardly几乎不；D.on

104、ly仅仅。根据上文“We keep quiet”可知，作者和乌拉几乎没有讲话。故选C。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一只鸟飞过水面，然后在一根倒下的木头前安顿下来。 A.settled安顿；B.lay躺；位于；C.jumped跳；D.ran跑。根据下文“I quickly told Ula, _11_ that shed not seen the creature.”可推断，一只鸟飞过水面，在木头上安顿下来。故选A。【51题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我快速告诉乌拉，担心她没有看到这个生灵。 A.sad悲哀的；B.disappointed感动失望的；C.embarrassed感到尴

105、尬的；D.worried担心的。根据上文“I quickly told Ula”可推断，作者担心乌拉没有看到这只鸟。故选D。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个小时以后，她完成了她的画。A.homework家庭作业；B.picture图片； 画；C.project项目；D.plan计划。根据上文提到的“draw”可知，乌拉在画画。因此一个小时以后，她画完了画。故选B。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她以惊人的准确性把这只鸟画在纸上。 A.exciting令人兴奋的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.moving令人感到的；D.amazing令人吃惊的。根据上文“But she

106、 had, and she began drawing it.”可推断，乌拉看到了小鸟，因此推断她以令人吃惊的准确性画出了这只鸟。故选D。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但关于这幅画还有另一个有趣的事实：她也画了我，坐在她旁边。 A.recognized认出；B.ignored忽视；C.drew画；拖；D.observed观察。根据上文“she began drawing it.”可知，乌拉画了这幅画，因此她也画了作者坐在她旁边。故选C。【55题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我盯着这个孩子画的我们在看一只鸟的画时，我意识到我是如何活了40年，接受了10年的高等教育，在此之前却从未理解过

107、科学的基础。A.Though尽管；B.Before在以前；C.If如果；D.As当时候。根据语境，此处用as引导时间状语从句，作者看着女儿的画，意识到一些东西。故选D。【56题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。 A.realized意识到；B.believed相信；C.explained解释；D.debated辨认。下文“how Id lived for 40 years, gathered 10 years of higher education, and never understood the foundation of science before this moment.”是作者在看

108、女儿的画时意识到的东西。故选A。【57题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学的基础是惊奇的感觉，而不是关于背诵教科书中的文字。 A.humor幽默；B.judgment判断；C.wonder奇迹；D.responsibility责任。根据下文“ marveling at (惊叹) the world around us”可知，作者认为科学的基础是惊奇的感觉。故选C。【58题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。 A.textbook课本；B.magazine杂志；C.document文件； D.brochure手册。根据上文的“reciting words”并结合常识以及选项可知，背诵的东西通常来自

109、课本。故选A。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先是走出我们忙碌的生活，对我们周围的世界感到惊奇。 A.leaving离开；B.stepping走；C.imagining想象；D.disappearing消失。根据下文“the world around us.”可知，我们要走出我们的生活，到外面去，对周围的世界感到惊奇。故选B。【60题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那一天起，我坚持接管我的丈夫，作科学老师。 A.breaking away突然离开；B.running away逃走；C.taking over接管；D.calling on号召。根据上文“So, when my husba

110、nd and I decided to home-school our daughters, we made a _1_: he would teach science”可知，作者接管了丈夫做女儿们的科学老师。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Having lived and worked in several countries across three continents, Wong Yi-lok _61_ (consider) a worldwide citizen by many of his fr

111、iends. _62_, despite his many years abroad, Wong believes one must know where he or she comes from. A co-founder of three educational startups, Wong has a strong desire _63_ (contribute) to the advancement of online education in his country. He hopes to expand the worldview of young people so that t

112、hey might have better _64_ (opportunity).Last year, Wong hosted more than 100 hours of _65_ (globe) online meetings with education experts, _66_ (include) the opening session of the Worldwide MOOC Conference on Dec. 11, attracting more than 10 million live attendees. MOOC refers to free online cours

113、es, _67_ are made available over the Internet to a very large number of people.Thought Wongs parents never had the chance to go to college, they were aware of the importance of education. When _68_ (send) to study in the United Kingdom, Wong was 10 years old. _69_ didnt take long for him to adapt to

114、 living alone in a foreign country. All the overseas volunteer projects Wong participated in during his college days _70_ (strength) his determination to devote himself to the field of education.【答案】61. is considered 62. However 63. to contribute 64. opportunities 65. global 66. including 67. which

115、68. sent 69. It 70. strengthened【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了Wong Yi-lok希望为中国在线教育的发展做出贡献。【61题详解】考查时态语态。句意：Wong Yi-lok曾在三个大洲的几个国家生活和工作，他的许多朋友认为他是一个世界公民。分析句子结构可知，此处为句子的谓语动词。根据全文的时态和句意可知，此处陈述客观事实需要用一般过去时。主语Wong Yi-lok是单数且与谓语动词consider是被动关系。故填is considered。【62题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，尽管他在国外多年，Wong认为一个人必须知道他或她来自哪里。根据句意可知，前

116、文说到朋友认为Wong是一个世界公民，此处Wong认为一个人必须知道自己来自何处，所以此处存在转折关系。故填However。【63题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Wong是三家教育初创公司的联合创始人，他强烈希望为中国在线教育的发展做出贡献。固定短语have a desire to do sth.译为“渴望做某事”。故填to contribute。【64题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：他希望扩大年轻人的世界观，让他们有更好的机会。根据主语they可知，此处表达“给年轻人提供更好的机会”，所以要用可数名词opportunity的复数形式。故填opportunities。【65题详解】考查形容词。句意

117、：去年，Wong主持了100多个小时的全球教育专家在线会议，其中包括12月11日的全球MOOC大会开幕式，吸引了1000多万现场参与者。根据空格后的名词meetings可知，此处填入形容词global作定语。故填global。【66题详解】考查介词。句意见上一题。根据句意可知，此处表达“其中包括12月11日的全球MOOC大会开幕式”。表示“包括”，需要使用介词including。故填including。【67题详解】考查定语从句。句意：MOOC指的是通过互联网向大量人群提供的免费在线课程。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句。先行词free online courses是物，在定语从句中作主语，所

118、以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。【68题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当Wong被送到英国学习时，他才10岁。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句有be动词时，则省去主语和be动词。所以完整的状语从句为When he was sent to study in the United Kingdom，省去主语和be动词后为When sent to study in the United Kingdom。故填sent。【69题详解】考查形式主语。句意：没过多久他就适应了独自在外国生活。固定句型“It take some time for sb. to d

119、o sth.”译为“花某人多少时间做某事”。在这个句型中it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。故填It。【70题详解】考查时态语态。句意：大学期间参加的所有海外志愿者项目都坚定了他投身教育领域的决心。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，需要将名词strength变为动词strengthen来作谓语动词。根据句中的participated in可知，句子陈述过去发生的事实，需要用一般过去时。主语All the overseas volunteer projects和谓语动词strengthen是主动关系。故填strengthened。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；

120、每小题1分，满分10分）71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Alice,How is everything going? Im so happily to know that you are interesting in Chi

121、nese traditional arts. To have a better understanding, youd better to learn something about Chinese New Year paintings, which is the pretty good choice.It is known to us Chinese people would like to put up pictures to celebrate the Spring Festival. Chinese New Year paintings cover various subject, s

122、uch as historical stories, harvests, flowers and birds. Since you are good at painting, I believed you can learn about the art very quick. You will also know more about Chinese culture, and improve my drawing skills.Im looking forward to see you soon in China.Yours,Li Hua【答案】1. happilyhappy 2. inter

123、estinginterested 3. 去掉better后面的to 4. thea 5. us后加that 6. subjectsubjects 7. believedbelieve 8. quickquickly 9. myyour 10. seeseeing【解析】【分析】本文属于应用文，向外籍好友推荐学习中国年画及其好处。【详解】1. 考查形容词。句意：了解到你对中国传统艺术感兴趣我很高兴。分析句子可知，be动词后接形容词作表语，故把happily改为happy。2. 考查形容词。句意：我很高兴地了解到你对中国传统艺术感兴趣。be interested in 对感兴趣，为固定短语，故把i

124、nteresting改为interested。3. 考查不定式。句意：为了更好地理解中国传统文化，你最好了解一些关于年画的知识，这是一个很不错的选择。分析句子可知，本句为固定短语had better do sth 最好做某事，故去掉to。4. 考查冠词。句意：为了更好理解中国传统文化，你最好了解一些关于年画的知识，这是一个很不错的选择。分析句子可知，“which is the pretty good choice”为非限制性定语从句，choice为可数名词，第一次提及，故用不定冠词，且pretty得发音以辅音音素开头，故把the改为a。5. 考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，我们中国人为了欢庆新年

125、，都会张贴一些画。分析句子可知，本句为固定句型it is known to all/us that众所周知，it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语，引导主语从句的that不能省略，故在us后加上that。6. 考查名词。句意：中国年画包含各种各样的内容，比如历史故事、丰收、花朵以及各种鸟类。分析句子可知，形容词various（各种各样的）修饰可数名词复数，故把subject改为subjects。7. 考查一般现在时。句意：既然你擅长画画，我相信你会很快学会它。分析句子可知，此处为客观陈述，用一般现在时，故把believed改为believe。8. 考查副词。句意：既然你擅长画画，我相信你会很

126、快学会它。分析句子可知，修饰动词learn 用副词，故把quick改为quickly。9. 考查物主代词。句意：你可以更多了解中国文化，也可以提升你的绘画技巧。分析句子可知，本句为作者阐述学习年画对对方的好处，故把my改为your。10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我期待尽快在中国和你见面。分析句子可知，本句为短语look forward to doing 期待做某事，to后接动名词作宾语，故把see改为seeing。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）72. 高考在即，很多同学出现睡眠问题。请你代表学校英语社团用英文写一封倡议书，呼吁大家健康作息，高质量备考。要点包括：1. 倡议目的；2. 倡议内容；

127、3. 发出呼吁。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear schoolmates,_【答案】Dear schoolmates，With the College Entrance Examination approaching, a lot of students have got sleep problems. As a member of English club, I propose we should develop a healthy lifestyle and prepare for exams efficiently.No one can deny

128、 the fact that we cant focus on study in the class when we dont have enough sleep, which is also harmful to our health. In order to ease the situation, it is suggested that we should make a regular and reasonable study timetable. Besides, remember to keep away from digital devices before sleep. Take

129、 action now and you wont regret it. Wish all of you sweet dreams and big success in the coming exams!English Club【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，就健康作息，高质量备考对大家发出倡议。【详解】1.词汇积累靠近：approachdraw near关注：focus onconcentrate on建议：suggestrecommend许多：a lot ofplenty of2.句式拓展同义句改写原句：Wish all of you sweet dreams and big succes

130、s in the coming exams!拓展句：May you realize sweet dreams and achieve big success in the coming exams!【点睛】高分句型1 With the College Entrance Examination approaching, a lot of students have got sleep problems. (运用了with的复合结构)高分句型2 No one can deny the fact that we cant focus on study in the class when we dont have enough sleep, which is also harmful to our health. (运用了that引导的同位语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句)