湖南省茶陵县第三中学高中英语必修四：UNIT3 GRAMMAR AND USAGE 课件 .ppt

1、Unit 3 Tomorrows worldThe passive voice&Modal verbs and the passive voice&Verbs often used in the passive voice句子的主动语态和被动语态在意义上区别很小。在主动语态中，句子的主语是动作发出者；在被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的接受者或受影响者。The lovely robots attracts the visitors.The visitors are attracted by the lovely robots.S.V.O.O.V.S.The Great Wall was visit

2、ed by many people last year.S.V.O.O.V.S.Many people visited the Great Walllast year.被动语态的基本形式是 be+过去分词。通过改变be的时态，可以构成不同时态的被动语态。e.g.Food is kept in the fridge.The glass was broken by the boy.The passive voice in different tenses:TenseThe active voiceThe passive voiceThe simple presentThe present cont

3、inuousThe present perfectdo/doesare/is doneam/is/are doinghas/have doneam/is/are being donehave/has been doneThe simple futureThe simple pastThe past continuousThe past perfectbe going to/will dodidwas/were doinghad donebe going to/will be donewas/were donewas/were being donehad been done在用被动语态时还要注意

4、以下几点：在被动语态中，动作发出者往往置于by之后，但在不必指出动作发出者是谁、动作发出者并不重要或很难指出动作发出者是谁时，一般不提及动作发出者。e.g.Both the headsets and the gloves are connected to a computer network.在 give，lend，offer，send，tell和show 等动词后，可带有两个宾语，分别指人和指事物。当带有这些动词作谓语的句子变为被动语态时，通常用指人的宾语作句子的主语。有时也可用指事物的宾语作句子的主语。e.g.Our teacher often tells us some interest

5、ing stories in English.We are often told some interesting stories in English.Some interesting stories are often told to us in English.在主动语态中，有些动词后常接宾语和不带to的动词不定式。在被动语态中，则使用带to的动词不定式。e.g.I often hear the girl play the piano in the afternoon.The girl is often heard to play the piano in the afternoon.在

6、被动语态中，有时get可用来代替be，如get changed，get dressed和get hurt等。e.g.My bike got stolen last night.Youd better get changed quickly,as the party will begin soon.The eggs seem to have got broken.有些动词可用主动语态形式来表示被动意义。e.g.This sweater washes well.The pen writes smoothly.The kind of computer sells well in China.表示状态

7、的动词不能用被动语态。e.g.I like pop songs and often listen to them.He has a big house near the river.You can depend on her to deal with the situation.一些特殊的被动语态句型：It+动词的被动语态形式+that 引导的从句e.g.It is said that he will recover soon.It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned.主语+动词的被动语态形式+动词不定式e.g.The

8、 Sun was once thought to travel around the Earth.常用于这类句型的动词有say，believe，report，suppose，know和prove等。Answers:1._ 2._3._ 4._5._ 6._7._ 8._9._10._are beingthe Electric Wear Companybeen developedwas inventedare usedbeen completedwill be producedwill bebeen announcedare cleaned/can be cleanedRead the info

9、rmation on Page 49 and complete the report on the event.1.情态动词的被动语态形式可用于谈论2.能力、可能性、职责和允诺等。e.g.Firefighters could be trained using RealCine.2.情态动词的被动语态形式是在情态动词后加be和过去分词。e.g.Computer can work out the position of the user at any time.e.g.The position of the user can be worked out at any time.情态动词+不带to的

10、动词不定式情态动词+be+过去分词Read the table on Page 50 and note the use of these modal verbs in the active and passive voices.Read the first report on Page 50 and complete the second.Answers:1._ 2._3._ 4._5._can be reducedmust be takenmust be wornmay becomeought to be reducedSome verbs are often used in the pas

11、sive voice and function like adjectives.e.g.The children are getting excited about the coming holiday.Dont you get tired of arguing about the same thing all the time?Look at the timeline showing the history of Napster and complete the article on Page 51.Answers:1._ 2._3._ 4._5._ 6._7._ 8._bored with

12、interested inwas foundedwere employedwas surprised atwas accused ofwas closed downwas purchased1.It remains _ whether Jimll be fit enough to play in the finals.A.seen B.to be seen C.seeing D.to see2.Your job _ open for your return.Thanks.A.will be kept B.will keep C.had kept D.had been kept3.I dont

13、suppose the police know who did it.Well,surprisingly they do.A man has been arrested and _ now.A.has been questioned B.is being questioned C.is questioning D.has questioned4.Tom sounds very much _ in the job,but Im not sure whether he can manage it.A.interestedB.interesting C.interestingly D.interes

14、tedly5.The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A.to smell B.smelling C.smelt D.to be smelt6.Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture,but when and where _ yet.A.hasnt been decided B.havent decided C.isnt being decided D.arent decidedHomework1.Review what we learned today.2.Finish exercises on Page 108 of the Workbook.3.Preview Task.