2020高考英语新课标地区专用版大二轮讲义：专题二 阅读理解 第三节 一 WORD版含解析.docx

1、第三节词句猜测题一、词义猜测题(2019全国，B)For Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue，N.Y.，today is speech day，and right now its Chris Palaezs turn.The 8yearold is the joker of the class.With shining dark eyes，he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But hes nervous.“Im here to tell you tod

2、ay why you should.should.” Chris trips on the “ld，” a pronunciation difficulty for many nonnative English speakers.His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering support.“.Vote for.me.” Except for some stumbles，Chris is doing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion，Whaley

3、invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants，Chris started learning English a little over three years ago.Whaley recalls(回想起) how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a p

4、ainful experience.What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.“It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，I dont know，but I want to know.”Whaley got the idea of this secondgr

5、ade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.The answer broke his heart.Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about th

6、emselves.“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities，” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小学教师托马斯沃利通过组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信的教学实践。24What made Chris nervous?ATelling a story.BMaking a speech.CTaking a test.DAnswering a question

7、.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“today is speech day.Chris Palaezs turn”和第二段中的“But hes nervous.”可知，克里斯在进行竞选演说时感到非常紧张。25What does the underlined word “stumbles” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AImproper pauses.BBad manners.CSpelling mistakes.DSilly jokes.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据文章内容可知，老师借助竞选演说鼓励同学们学会赞美自己。文中克里斯帕莱兹的母语不是英语，他学英语才三年多，说话

8、不流利，而且他在演讲时非常紧张，所以说话磕磕绊绊，因此选A。26We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to .Ahelp students see their own strengthsBassess students public speaking skillsCprepare students for their future jobsDinspire students love for politics答案A解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Whaley says the project is about more th

9、an just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves.”和最后一段的内容可知，老师让学生参加竞选演说不仅仅是让学生们学会在公开场合演说，更重要的是让他们发现自己的长处，从而树立自信。27Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?AHumorous. BAmbitious.CCaring. DDemanding.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，当克里斯帕莱兹发表

10、竞选演说遇到问题时，老师耳语为他提示。文章最后两段解释了老师举办这项活动的初衷，我们可以判断这个老师是关心他人的人，因此选C。一、题型解读词义猜测题基本上是阅读理解每年必考的题型。词义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能力，主要考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个生词、词组或者句子含义的能力，而这些词和词组往往都超出考纲范围，但在文章阅读中起到一定的作用。由此看来，对于生词的理解是否准确，直接影响着阅读理解题得分的高低，对能否取得好的高考成绩有着举足轻重的作用。词义猜测题的命题方式有：(1)What does the underlined word “.” probably mean?(2)T

11、he word “.” refers to/probably means “ ”(3)The underlined word “.” could best be replaced by “ ”(4)The underlined word “.” in Paragraph.is closest in meaning to .(5)What do you think the expression “.” stands for?(6)By saying “.” we mean .(7)“.” used in the passage can best be defined as .(8)Which o

12、f the following words can take the place of the word “.”？二、解题技巧巧用线索猜词义1根据定义、释义或同位语进行猜测有些文章，特别是科技说明文，作者通常会对一些关键词或专业术语下定义，通过阅读定义和解释部分，考生便可理解该词或短语的意思。有时，需要猜测的单词或短语后面会紧跟一个同位语，作为对前面的词或短语的解释说明。有时，文章会用冒号、破折号、括号等对某个词或短语加以解释说明。例如：Taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down.One girl called 911.Two mor

13、e ran to get the school nurse，who brought a defibrillator，an electronic device(器械) that can shock the heart back into work.Luck stayed with them：Pariss heartbeat returned.分析：所猜测单词defibrillator后面出现了同位语“an electronic device(器械) that can shock the heart back into work”(一个可以电击心脏使其重新工作的电子器械)来进行解释说明，我们可推知

14、其词义应为“(心脏)除颤器”。2根据构词法进行猜测英语中通过词根加词缀或两个单词合成的方式可以构成新词。因此，掌握了一定的构词知识，再结合上下文语境，也可以快速猜测词义。例如：A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness，uneasiness，or worry.分析：根据构词法知识我们可知，un为否定前缀，ness为名词后缀，easy(舒适)为词根。因此，我们可知uneasiness为“不安；担忧”之意。3根据因果关系进行猜测在阅读理解文章的句子或段落中，若两个事物或两种现象之间构成因果关系，这时我们可以根据这种因果逻辑关系推断词

15、或短语的含义。表示因果关系的标志词有because，so，thus，therefore，as a result of，since，so that，so/such.that.等。例如：My son could not follow the teachers directions，he told me，and thus，Scola was disrupting the class.Didnt he know my son did not speak English yet?试题：What does the underlined word “disrupting” probably mean?ABr

16、eaking. BFollowing.CAttending. DDisturbing.分析：画线单词所在的句子出现了因果关系标志词thus，由前面的原因“我儿子听不懂老师的指示”可以推知，“他因此认为我儿子斯科拉干扰了课堂”，故选D项。其余三项都不符合这一因果逻辑关系。4根据同义或近义关系进行猜测在画线单词或短语前后有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，它往往暗示了该词或该短语的含义，这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词或短语的含义。常见的表示相同或相近意义的词和短语有and，or，like，as well，similarly，too，also，either等。例如：The fine selectio

17、n of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid，Spain，and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg，Florida.试题：What does the underlined word “contributions” refer to?AArtworks. BProjects.CDonations

18、. DDocuments.分析：画线单词contributions前出现了and，可利用同义或近义关系进行猜测。and前面提到了“the fine selection of the major works”(精选的重要作品)，后面说contributions来自其他机构，由并列关系可以推断出contributions应该属于works的范畴，同时文中明确表示contributions是来自museum的，故选A项。5根据反义、转折和对比关系进行猜测有些需要猜测词义的词或短语前后会出现表示转折或对比的词语，运用这些词语也可以帮助猜测词义。能体现转折、对比关系的词汇很多，常见的有but，yet，h

19、owever，while，unlike，instead (of)，on the other hand，rather than，on the contrary等。例如：In the evening，rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace，with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink.Sedate though they are，rides at this time of day ar

20、e still very impressive.试题：What does the underlined word “sedate” probably mean?AWild and romantic.BSlow and peaceful.CHungry and thirsty.DActive and excited.分析：画线词语所在句子的句意为“虽然它们 ，但是在一天的这个时候骑马观赏仍然令人印象非常深刻。”由though可知，前后两句是转折关系，再结合前一句中提到的“at a more relaxed and unhurried pace”可知，应选B项，sedate意为“不慌不忙的”。6根

21、据上下文进行猜测有些词义猜测题找不到以上标志线索，这时可以利用上下文提供的情景和线索进行合乎逻辑的综合分析，进而推测词义，这也是近几年来高考考查的热点。例如：真题感悟的25题。根据文章内容可知，老师借助竞选演说鼓励同学们学会赞美自己。文中克里斯帕莱兹的母语不是英语，他学英语才三年多，说话不流利，而且他在演讲时非常紧张，所以说话磕磕绊绊，因此选A。A(2019河南实验中学模拟)Solar energy systems & power 8plants do not produce air pollution，water pollution，or greenhouse gases.9Using so

22、lar energy can have a positive，indirect effect on the environment，when solar energy replaces or reduces the use of other energy sources that have larger effects on the environment.However，some poisonous materials and chemicals are used to make the photovoltaic(光电池的) cells that convert sunlight into

23、electricity.Some solar thermal(保热的) systems use potentially hazardous liquids to transfer heat.Leaks of these materials could be harmful to the environment.U.S.environmental laws regulate the use and settlement of these types of materials.As with any type of power plant，large solar power plants can

24、affect the environment near their locations.The placement of the power plant may have longterm effects on the habitats of native plants and animals.Some solar power plants may require water for cleaning solar collectors and concentrators or for cooling turbine generators.Using large volumes of groun

25、d water or surface water in some dry locations may affect the ecosystems that depend on these water resources.In addition，the beam of concentrated sunlight a solar power tower creates can kill birds and insects that fly into the beam.The amount of solar energy that the earth receives each day is man

26、y times greater than the total amount of all energy that people 1consume each day.However，on the surface of the earth，solar energy is a variable and irregular energy source.The amount of sunlight and the intensity of sunlight 5varies by time of day and location.Weather and climate conditions affect

27、the availability of sunlight daily and on a seasonal basis.The type and size of a solar energy collection and conversion system determines how much of the 2available solar energy we can convert into useful energy.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了太阳能发电的潜在弊端以及影响太阳能收集量的几个因素。1Which of the following best explains “hazard

28、ous” underlined in Paragraph 2?AInexpensive. BDangerous.CIneffective. DAbnormal.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据上文中的“some poisonous materials and chemicals are used to make the photovoltaic(光电池的) cells”及画线词所在句后的“Leaks of these materials could be harmful to the environment.”可知hazardous意为“危险的”。故选B。2What influence can la

29、rge solar power plants have on the locations?APolluting the ground water.BProtecting the habitats of plants and animals.CDamaging the local natural balance.DAttracting birds and insects to the area.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The placement of the power plant may have longterm effects on the habitats of nati

30、ve plants and animals.”可知，大型太阳能发电厂的选址可能会对当地动植物的栖息地产生长期的影响，也就是会破坏当地自然平衡。故C项正确。3What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?ADifferent areas receive different amount of solar energy.BHow to convert solar energy into useful energy.CThe relationship between solar energy collection and the sunlight.DSome

31、 factors that influence the amount of solar energy collection.答案D解析段落大意题。根据最后一段第二、三、四句可知，在地球表面，太阳能是一种可变的和不规则的能源，阳光的数量和强度随着一天的时间和地点而变化，天气和气候条件影响每日和季节性的阳光供应。由此可知，本段主要介绍的是影响太阳能收集量的几个因素。故D项正确。B(2019湖北黄冈中学三模)A South Korean man and the 21 ducklings he has been raising as his children ever since they hatch

32、ed have been breaking the Internet with their amazing 6bond.A video that recently 3went viral in the western world shows the cute birds following their “mother” on a mountain hike and listening to his every command.The middleaged man，whose name is not 4revealed in the video，has been taking care of h

33、is 21 ducklings ever since they were eggs，making sure the incubation(孵化) period went smoothly，and even helping the tiny birds break through their shells when it came time to hatch.He was the first thing they laid eyes on in this world，and he has remained the most important figure in their lives sinc

34、e.Ducklings naturally follow their mother around，and since the man was the one who 7acted as their mother，these birds follow him everywhere，even up a mountain.To them its only natural，but the middleaged man considers it training and conditioning for the time when he finally releases them into the wi

35、ld.He would love to raise them all as pets，but knows that wouldnt be ideal for him or the birds，so hes making sure that they are strong enough to survive in the wild.The video shows the ducks following the middleaged man as he hikes up a mountain outside Seoul，stopping whenever he does and refusing

36、to follow anyone else，even if they give the same “lets go” command their human mother gives.Unless they hear his voice and see him moving，they dont budge.Its actually quite remarkable.I mean，its one thing to see dogs acting like this，but ducklings? Thats something else.10While its not clear what the

37、 man does for a living，Im pretty sure he has a lot of experience with ducks，as at one point he reveals a certificate for “father of ducklings” dated 2005.语篇解读这是一篇新闻报道类阅读。文章主要讲了韩国一位中年男子把小鸭子当“孩子”养，这些小鸭子把他当成“妈妈”，到处跟着他，很自然地服从他的命令。4What can we learn from the video?AThe ducklings just broke through their

38、shells.BThe man accidentally saved some ducklings.CThe ducklings just obeyed the man naturally.DThe man took pride in his ducklings.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，我们能从这个视频中得知，小鸭们很自然地服从这个人。故选C。5Whats the mans purpose of raising the ducklings?ATo make a living by performing.BTo film a video to attract attentio

39、n.CTo free them into the wild one day.DTo make a contribution to a bird reserve.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，这个男子养小鸭的目的是有一天把它们放归野外。故选C。6Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “budge” in Paragraph 4?AAttack. BMove.CEnd. DStruggle.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据上文可知，视频显示，当这名中年男子爬上首尔郊外的一座山时，鸭子们跟着他，无论他什么时候停

40、下来，它们都不愿跟着任何人，即使给它们发出和它们的人类母亲同样的“我们走吧”的命令。由此可知，画线句意为“除非它们听到他的声音，看到他在动，否则它们不会动。”故“budge”的意思是“移动”。故选B。7What can be the best title for the text?A“Father” and “Mother” of Cute PetsBA Man Raises Ducklings as His “Children”CDucklings Also Regarded as Good PetsDAmazing Bond Between Man and Animals答案B解析标题归纳

41、题。第一段第二句“最近在西方世界走红的一段视频显示，这些可爱的小禽跟随它们的妈妈爬山，听从他的每一个命令。”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，这篇文章最好的题目是：一个男人把小鸭子当“孩子”养。故选B。.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1A smaller vehicle will consume less fuel，which means less emission.消费，消耗2Hangzhou，in Zhejiang Province，became the first city to make free outdoor WiFi available for re

42、sidents(居民)可获得的，可得到的3Fake news has long been a serious problem，and social media has been blamed for allowing fake news stories to go viral quickly.广泛传播4When you answer this question，the words you choose will reveal something about your identity.揭示，揭露(二)同义词语替换5The research also found that attitudes t

43、o food and weight vary wildly around the world.differ6This shared experience created a very special bond between us.tie/connection7A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind person，which is quite significant for their convenience.work as(三)一词多义8plant n植物；工厂，发电厂 v种植；安插，安放(1)After reaching the top of

44、 the mountain，they plant a flag there.v.安插，安放(2)It is essential to water each plant as often as required.n.植物(3)Many years from now，other workers will rouse the sleeping seeds and plant them where theyre most needed.v.种植(4) Back on that date in 1986，a cloud of radioactive dust burst out of the Chern

45、obyl(切尔诺贝利) nuclear power plant.n.工厂，发电厂.长难句理解9Using solar energy can have a positive，indirect effect on the environment，when solar energy replaces or reduces the use of other energy sources that have larger effects on the environment.句式分析本句是一个主从复合句，句子的主干为Using solar energy can have a positive，indir

46、ect effect on the environment，主语是using solar energy；when 引导的是时间状语从句，此时when从句的主语是solar energy, 谓语为replaces or reduces，宾语为the use of other energy sources。that 引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词other energy sources。精美译文 当用太阳能替代或减少对环境有较大影响的其他能源的应用时，使用太阳能会对环境产生积极的、间接的影响。10While its not clear what the man does for a living，I

47、m pretty sure he has a lot of experience with ducks，as at one point he reveals a certificate for “father of ducklings” dated 2005.句式分析本句是一个主从复合句。while引导的是让步状语从句，此时whilealthough/though；as 引导的是原因状语从句。精美译文 虽然还不清楚这个人做什么工作，但我敢肯定他对鸭子很有经验，因为他曾出示过他在2005年获得的“小鸭之父”的证书。强化练(十六) .阅读理解A(2019山西太原五中段考)Friends alway

48、s ask why I，a middleaged woman with no athletic talent，travel to perilous placesthe jungles of Thailand or Borneo，for example，where the water is often unsafe and the food risky；places with infectious diseases，poisonous snakes and the wildest animals；some places where the locals are just a few genera

49、tions past headhunting.I never know how to answer.My travel decisions assumed a new gravity nine years ago after I suffered a stroke.To prevent another stroke，my doctors told me，I would have to take dangerously high levels of blood thinner(血液稀释剂) for the rest of my life and any travel would be risky

50、.I had to think about what was important to me：family，of course，and friends.But then what？No matter how many times I thought about it，no bucket list was complete without travel.Then I had to decide how I might manage the risk.I had to decide how lucky I felt.My return to travel after my stroke came

51、in baby steps.The first real test of my travel courage came nine months after my stroke when I joined my husband，Jack，on a business trip to China.After wed toured the remains of a Tang dynasty temple on a high mountain，Jack wanted to ride down on a toboggan(长雪橇)Before the stroke it would have seemed

52、 like fun.But now？I hesitated.My mental klaxon(高音喇叭) screamed warnings about the consequences of a cut，a fall，and a crash.Then，gaining confidence from who knows where，I lowered myself carefully into the toboggan，which marked my adventure travel comeback.In the years since then，Ive traveled about twe

53、ntyfive percent of the time.Through it all，my lucks held outno deadly falls，no car accidents or serious infections.For me，adventure travel is a risk worth taking.Travel broadens my world and keeps me connected to nature.Whats more，saying “yes” to travel keeps me connected to myself.1What does the un

54、derlined word “perilous” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?AUnique. BDangerous.CHistorical. DFamous.答案B解析词义猜测题。第一段破折号后的内容是对perilous place的解释说明，根据句意“例如，泰国或婆罗洲的丛林，那里的水往往不安全，食物也很危险；有传染病、毒蛇和野生动物的地方；有些地方的本地人刚刚过了猎头的时代。”可推知，画线词的意思是“危险的”。故选B。2What did the doctors advise the author to do?ADo proper exercise.BEnjo

55、y the rest of her life.CKeep away from traveling.DSpend more time with her family.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，我的医生告诉我，对我来说任何旅行都是有风险的，因此医生建议作者远离旅行。故选C。3Why did the author mention her travel to China?AIt was her last adventure.BShe recovered her courage through it.CShe liked the beautiful scenery in China.

56、DIt was the most dangerous experience in her life.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“The first real test of my travel courage came nine months after my stroke when I joined my husband，Jack，on a business trip to China.”可知，作者之所以提到她的中国之行是因为她通过这件事恢复了勇气。故选B。4What is the best title for the text?AA Business Trip to China

57、BUnique Travel ExperiencesCWhy I Still Travel to the WildDHow I Overcame the Fear of Disease答案C解析标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了作者在中风后是如何克服困难，重新获得勇气去旅行的。故选C。B(2019江西师范大学附属中学三模) A large body of research has been developed in recent years to explain many aspects of willpower.Most of the researchers exploring selfc

58、ontrol do so with an obvious goal in mind：How can willpower be strengthened？If willpower is truly a limited resource，as the research suggests，what can be done to make it stay strong?Avoiding temptation(诱惑) is an effective method for maintaining selfcontrol，which is called the “out of sight，out of mi

59、nd” principle.One recent study，for instance，found office workers less attracted to candy in the desk drawer than that on top of their desks，in plain sight.The research suggesting that we possess a limited reservoir of selfcontrol raises a troubling question.When we face too many temptations，are we t

60、o fail? Not necessarily.Researchers dont believe that ones willpower is ever completely exhausted.Rather，people appear to hold some willpower in reserve，saved for future demands.The right motivation allows us to tap into those reserves，allowing us to carry on even when our selfcontrol strength has b

61、een run down.High motivation might help overcome weakened willpowerat least to a point.Willpower may also be made less vulnerable(脆弱)to being exhausted in the first place.Researchers who study selfcontrol often describe it as being like a muscle that gets tired with heavy use.But there is another as

62、pect to the muscle comparison，they say.While muscles become exhausted by exercise in the short term，they are strengthened by regular exercise in the long term.Similarly，regular practices of selfcontrol may improve willpower strength.The evidence from willpowerexhaustion studies also suggests that ma

63、king a list of resolutions on New Years Eve is the worst possible approach.Being exhausted in one area can reduce willpower in other areas，so it makes more sense to focus on a single goal at a time.In other words，dont try to quit smoking，adopt a healthy diet and start a new exercise plan at the same

64、 time.Taking goals one by one is a better approach.Once a good habit is in place，Baumeister says，youll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior.Eventually healthy habits will become routine，and wont require making decisions at all.语篇解读这是一篇议论文。短文列举了关于意志力的几种研究和观点，作者认为有了明确的目标，良

65、好的自我监督和练习，就可以在面对诱惑时使意志力保持坚定。5From the studies in the passage we learn that .Apeople have unlimited selfcontrolBhigh motivation ensures ones successCwillpower is hardly completely exhaustedDtoo many temptations often lead to failure答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段第四、五句可知，研究人员不相信人的意志力会完全耗尽，他们还有备用的和为将来需求节省的意志力。所以从文章中的

66、研究我们了解到意志力很难完全耗尽。故C选项正确。6The underlined phrase “tap into” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “ ”Amake use of Brun out ofCbuild Dincrease答案A解析词义猜测题。由第三段“The right motivation allows us to tap into those reserves，allowing us to carry on even when our selfcontrol strength has been run down.”可知，正确的动机使我们能

67、够利用这些储备，即使我们的自我控制能力已经被消耗殆尽，我们仍然可以继续前进。所以通过上下文的语境，判断出“tap into”指“利用”，与make use of同义。故A选项正确。7The author compares selfcontrol to muscles .Ato prove the longterm effect of willpowerBto show the significance of regular exerciseCto argue that selfcontrol can he easily used upDto explain the benefits of pr

68、acticing selfcontrol答案D解析推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句的内容“虽然肌肉在短期内会因运动而疲惫不堪，但长期而言，它们会通过经常锻炼而增强。同样，规律的自我控制可以提高意志力。”可知，两者相比是为了说明同一个道理：长期的锻炼和自我控制的好处。所以作者把自我控制比作肌肉是为了解释自我控制的好处。故D选项正确。8To develop a good habit，which of the following does the author prefer?A“I will give up dessert and do exercise.”B“I will set three goa

69、ls this new semester.”C“I will read an English novel every month.”D“I will keep myself from any temptation.”答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句的内容“一个接一个地制定目标是一个更好的方法。一旦养成好习惯，你就不再需要依靠意志力来维持自己的行为。最终健康的习惯将成为惯例，而且不需要做任何决定。”可知，C项“I will read an English novel every month.”是先设立目标，然后成为好习惯，作者更喜欢这种目标。故C选项正确。.完形填空(2019天津滨海七

70、所重点学校联考)How did you do it，Dad? How have you managed not to take a drink for almost 20 years? It took me almost 20 years to have the 9 to even ask my father this very personal question.When Dad first 10 drinking，the whole family was on pins and needles every time he got into a 11 that，in the past，wou

71、ld have started him 12 again.For a few years we were 13 to bring it up for fear that the drinking would begin again.“I had this little poem that I would recite to myself at least four to five times a day，” was Dads 14 to my 18yearold unasked question.“The words were a constant 15 to me that things w

72、ere 16 so hard that I could not deal with them，” Dad said.Then he 17 the poem with me.The poems 18 ，yet profound words immediately became 19 of my daily routine as well.About a month after this 20 with my father，I received a gift in the mail from a friend of mine.It was a book of daily sayings of wi

73、sdom with one 21 for each day of the year.It has been my 22 that when you get something with days of the year on it，you naturally turn to the page that lists your own 23 .I 24 opened the book to November 10 to see 25 words of wisdom this book had in store for me.I was 26 when I looked at the page，an

74、d then tears of disbelief and appreciation 27 down my face.There，on my birthday，was the exact same poem that had 28 my father for all these years! It is called The Serenity(平静) Prayer.God grant methe serenity to accept the things I cannot change；the courage to change the things I can；and the wisdom

75、to know the difference.语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者一直对父亲成功戒酒的原因很好奇，最后作者鼓起勇气问父亲才得知，父亲是通过一首小诗在激励他自己戒酒，小诗的意思是“冷静地接受不能改变的，有勇气改变可以改变的，并有智慧地来区别这两者。”让作者感动的是这首小诗恰恰出现在日历书中作者生日的那一页上。9A.chance BcourageCability Dright答案B解析chance机会；courage勇气；ability能力；right正确，权利。将近二十年来“我”第一次鼓起勇气(courage)问父亲这个极其私人的问题。故正确答案为B。10A.gave up Bto

76、ok upCwent on Dcarried on答案A解析give up放弃；take up拿起；go on继续；carry on继续，参与。由上下文可知，父亲不沾酒快二十年了。起初他戒酒(give up drinking)时，全家都坐立不安，怕他戒酒失败。故选A。11A.way BhabitCsituation Dhouse答案C解析way方式；habit习惯；situation情况；house房屋。由句意可知，起初父亲戒酒时，每次遇到需要喝酒的情况(situation)，家人都坐立不安，因为这有可能让他重新酗酒。故选C。12A.reciting BaskingCsmoking Ddrin

77、king答案D解析recite背诵；ask询问；smoke吸烟；drink喝酒。由下文可知，家人害怕父亲戒酒失败，再次酗酒(drink)。故选D。13A.sure BuncertainCafraid Deager答案C解析sure确信的；uncertain含糊的；afraid害怕的；eager渴望的。从父亲戒酒时起，好几年的时间里，家人都不敢提起他戒酒的事，生怕(afraid)他前功尽弃。故选C。14A.reply BwordsCexcuse Dexplanation答案A解析reply回答；words话语；excuse借口；explanation解释。父亲对“我”十八年来的疑问作出回答(re

78、ply)说：“我每天都背诵同一首小诗四五遍。”故选A。15A.fear BimaginationCthought Dreminder答案D解析fear害怕；imagination想象力；thought思想；reminder提醒。由句意可知，父亲每天背诵的那首小诗，是给他自己的一个提醒。故选D。16A.never BseldomCalways Dever答案A解析never从不；seldom很少，几乎不；always总是；ever曾经。由文章可知，父亲戒酒成功了，这归功于那首小诗提醒他世上无难事(things were never so hard)，只怕有心人。故选A。17A.discussed

79、 BsharedCoffered Dtalked答案B解析discuss讨论；share分享；offer提供；talk交谈。父亲说完就和“我”分享(share with me)了那首小诗。故选B。18A.wonderful BlongCsimple Dboring答案C解析wonderful极好的；long长的；simple简单的；boring无聊的。由文章最后一段可知，这首小诗是简单的(simple)。故选C。19A.all BthatCany Dpart答案D解析all全部；that那个；any任何；part部分。这首简单而又深刻的诗句，成了我日常生活的一部分(part)。故选D。20A.

80、talk BquarrelCtrip Dlesson答案A解析talk谈话；quarrel争吵；trip旅行；lesson课程。由上文可知，父亲和“我”进行了一次谈话(talk)，谈到了他戒酒成功是因为那首小诗。故选A。21A.listed BincludedCread Dsaid答案A解析list列出；include包含；read阅读；say说。这是一本格言书。一年365天每个日子都与一句格言相对应，罗列(list)在书中。故选A。22A.method BexperienceCwealth Dmessage答案B解析method方法；experience经验，经历；wealth财富；mess

81、age消息。由句意可知，有些书按照一年365天的日期顺序安排书中的内容，每当拿到这类书时，“我”都根据经验(experience)翻到自己生日那天。故选B。23A.character BbirthdayCqualities Dfavorites答案B解析character性格；birthday生日；quality品质；favorite特别喜爱的事物。由下文可知，“我”把书翻到了11月10日，看书中为“我”列出的格言。所以“我”翻到的是写有自己生日的那一页。故正确答案为B。24A.doubtfully BcarefullyChappily Dhurriedly答案D解析doubtfully怀疑地

82、；carefully仔细地；happily快乐地；hurriedly匆忙地。由上文可知，作者拿到这类书时，会自然地翻到印着自己生日的那一页，所以作者急忙打开书，查看自己生日那天的格言。故选D。25A.where BwhetherCwhat Dhow答案C解析where在哪里；whether是否；what什么；how如何。由句意可知，作者打开11月10日那一页，看看这本书为自己准备的格言是什么(what)。故选C。26A.excited BastonishedCdisappointed Dfrightened答案B解析excited激动的；astonished吃惊的；disappointed失望

83、的；frightened害怕的。由下文可知，“我”打开那一页，看到给“我”的格言正是父亲跟我讲的那首诗，这个巧合让“我”很惊讶(astonished)。故选B。27A.hung BpulledCrolled Dpushed答案C解析hang悬挂；pull拉；roll滚落；push推。由句意可知，难以置信和感激的泪水滚落(roll)下来。故选C。28A.troubled BdisturbedCpleased Dhelped答案D解析trouble麻烦，使苦恼；disturb打扰；please使满意；help帮助。由上文可知，这首诗帮助(help)父亲戒酒成功。故选D。.语法填空Almost al

84、l the ice covering the Bering Sea has melted(融化)，scientists have confirmed,29. (throw) communities living around 30. (it) shores into disorder.The regions ice cover 31. (normal) lasts for at least another month，and this year it has disappeared earlier than any other year except 2017.Living in 32. no

85、rthern Pacific Ocean between Alaska and Russia，the Bering Sea is experiencing the climate change and has drawn attention this year for recordbreaking levels of winter melting.In February，rising Arctic temperatures 33. (lead) to around half the regions disappearing in the space of two weeks.A report

86、34. (send) by the International Arctic Research Centre at the University of Alaska Fairbanks has outlined the realworld effects of these surprising environmental 35. (change) on the many communities 36. live in the Bering Sea region.In their report，the International Arctic Research Centre scientists

87、 wrote that while not every year will be as bad as this one，ice 37. (form) is likely to remain low if the Bering Seas waters remain warm.They also warn that communities will need to “prepare for more winters 38. low sea ice and stormy conditions”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。几乎所有覆盖白令海的冰都已经融化，影响了周围地区的生活。29答案throwing解

88、析考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词has melted，故此处需要非谓语动词。在句中作结果状语，与其逻辑主语“all the ice covering the Bering Sea has melted”为主谓关系，要用其现在分词形式，故填throwing。30答案its解析考查形容词性物主代词。句意为：科学家们已经证实，几乎所有覆盖白令海的冰都已融化，使生活在其海岸周围的社区陷入混乱。分析句子可知空格处修饰shores，是指白令海的海岸，故填its。31答案normally解析考查副词。空格处修饰动词last，要用副词，故填normally。32答案the解析考查冠词。nor

89、thern Pacific Ocean为北太平洋，海洋、江河、海峡、海湾名称前一般要加定冠词the，故填the。33答案led解析考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，lead在句中为谓语，与主语之间是主动关系，根据时间状语In February可知应用一般过去时，故填led。34答案sent解析考查过去分词。分析句子可知，此处需要非谓语动词。空格处与其逻辑主语a report之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，要用send的过去分词形式作后置定语，故填sent。35答案changes解析考查名词单复数。change为可数名词，根据these可知，要用其复数形式，故填changes。36答案which/that解

90、析考查定语从句。分析句子可知， live in the Bering Sea region为定语从句，缺少引导词。先行词为many communities，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，所以用which/that引导。故填which/that。37答案formation解析考查名词。句意为：在他们的报告中，国际北极研究中心的科学家写道，虽然不是每年都会像这次一样糟糕，但如果白令海的水域保持温暖，冰的形成(概率)可能会很低。空格处作句子的主语，要填名词，form的名词形式为formation，且ice formation为固定搭配，意为“冻结成冰，成冰作用”符合句意。故填formation。38答案with解析考查介词。句意为：他们还警告社区要为以后更多具有低海浮冰和暴风雨天气状况的冬天做准备。with意为“具有，带有”，符合句意，此处作winter的后置定语。