2020-2021学年高中英语新人教版必修4课时随堂精练:UNIT 1 单元综合 WORD版含解析.doc
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1、1、You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams (1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams
2、 helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson (1907-1964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the envir
3、onmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor (1930-present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford
4、 Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks (1913-200
5、5)On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tir
6、ed of giving in,” said Parks.1.What is Jane Addams well-known for in history?A. Her social work.B. Her lack of proper training in law.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.2. What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B.
7、Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.3. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day OConnor.D. Rosa Park.4. What can we infer about the women mentioned in th
8、e text?A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.2、I stopped to watch my little girl busy playing in her room. In one hand was a plastic phone; in the other a toy.I listened as she was speaking to her make-believe little friend. And Pll ne
9、ver forget the words she said, even though it was only pretence.She said,Suzies in the comer because shes not been very good. She didnt listen to a word I said or do the things she should. In the comer I saw her baby doll well dressed. It was obvious that shed been put there to sit alone and think.M
10、y daughter continued her conversation , as I sat down on the floor. She said, Pm all fed up, and I just dont know what to do with her anymore. She cries whenever I have to work and wants to play games, too. She tries to help me with the dishes, but her arms just cannot reach. . And she doesnH know h
11、ow to fold towels. I dont have the time to teach. I have a lot of work to do and a big house to keep clean. I dont have the time to sit and playdont you know what I mean?And that day I thought a lot about making some changes in my life. As I listened to her innocent words that cut me like a knife. I
12、 hadn t been paying enough attention to what I hold most dear. Id been caught up in responsibilities that increased throughout the year.But now my attitude has changed, because, in my heart, I realize. . . I ve seen the world in a different light through my little darlings eyes. So, let the cobweb (
13、蜘蛛网) cut the comers and the dust bunnies rule the floor. I m not going to worry about keeping up with them anymore.Im going to fill the house with memories of a child and her mother. For we have only one childhood, and we will never get another.1.Who is Suzie?A.My girls phone.B.My girls friend.C.The
14、 author.D.A baby doll.2.How did the author feel when hearing my little girls words?A.Interested.B.Moved.C.Uncomfortable.D.Unbelievable.3.The passage leads you to believe that.A.the little girl doesnt hate her mother any moreB.the author has become lazy because of her daughterC.the author cares nothi
15、ng about her daughter s happinessD.the author wants her little girl to have a happy childhood4.What might be the best title?A.Only one childhoodB.My lovely daughterC.How to deal with my daughterD.A world of children3、Every day between 100 and 600 tonnes of rock dashes into Earths atmosphere. The rea
16、son why so little of the great bombings make it to the planets surface is that much of it is burnt up by atmospheric friction, which creates the fireball that is the visible sign of a meteors arrival. As for the bits that do get through, once landed, they are known as meteorites(陨石).Roughly 60,000 o
17、bjects of meteoritic origin have been picked up and catalogued. Most are fragments(碎片) from a much smaller number of individual falls. Of these falls, only 36 were observed as they arrived with enough fidelity (精准性)to calculate the orbit of the original meteor before it entered the atmosphere. If mo
18、re such data were available it could, by showing where the rocks came from, cast more light on the composition of the solar system. It might also help in moving orbiting spacecraft out of danger.The tracking of meteors is carried out by lots of cameras on Earth. The oldest of these is the European F
19、ireball Network (EFN), which dates back to 1951 and is operated by the Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences. Now, the network uses 24 state-of-the-art digital cameras equipped with fish-eye lenses (透镜) in 18 stations across Austria, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Two more statio
20、ns, in Germany, are planned for later this year.The digital cameras take back-to-back photographs, with 35 second exposures, from dusk to dawn. Fish-eye lenses allow a single exposure to cover the whole sky immediately above each camera. If more than one camera sees the same fireballwhich is usually
21、 the casethat, meteors course can be triangulated (进行三角测量), with a precision of about ten metres, by comparing the images. This yields two valuable pieces of information. Plotting the path backwards reveals the rocks orbit before it charged into Earths atmosphere. Projecting it forward suggests a po
22、tential landing site.1.Why are the meteorites so small on Earth?A. They were originally small. B. They were fired by humans.C.They were destroyed by the air. D. They hit each other into pieces.2.What do we know about the meteorites?A. Most of them are mysterious. B. Most rocks came from individual f
23、alls.C. Few of them are fragments. D. Their data help spacecraft move safely.3.What is about the research of a meteors orbit?A. Arrays of cameras carry it out in the air. B. Therell be digital cameras in 20 states.C. Fish-eye lenses are widely used in the world D. The research started in Czech.4.How
24、 do the digital cameras work?A.They take back-to-back photographs the whole day.B.They use fish-eye lenses to cover the universe.C.They triangulate a meteors course individually.D.They show us where the rock came and will go.4、A new study could hold the key to learning languages, teaching children c
25、olors or even studying complex theories.The research, published in Cognitive Science, adds to the existing evidence that adults, children and students of all ages learn better when seeing an object before hearing its description. The study builds on past research by focusing on learning in “ inconsi
26、stent” environments featuring different teaching styles or distracting(使分心的)noises.For the study, researchers purposely provided confusing information to copy these types of inconsistencies to subjects that were tasked to learn the names of three fictional characters“yosh,” “wug” and “niz”一using two
27、 types of learning methods.The first method, “object-label learning”, is when a student sees an object first and then is provided with the label(标签). This means seeing a color before being told its name. Or hearing a description of a physical force before hearing its formal title. The second learnin
28、g procedure is “label-object learning”, the reverse order in which a student sees a label first.Subjects in the study were asked to match the pictures of the characters with their made-up names. The results of the study indicate that students who see objects first and then hear the names process inc
29、onsistent information better than learners who hear the names first and then see the objects.Researchers found that learners tliat interact with the object before hearing the name perform “frequency increasing”the ability to process noisy, inconsistent information to identify and use the most freque
30、nt rule. For example, when teachers interchangeably use “soda or “pop” to describe the name of a carbonated drink(碳酸饮料), the children who use frequency increasing will learn to use the term that is used most frequently. A key feature of frequency increasing is that learners will also use the rule mo
31、re consistently than the instructor.The research team also used mathematical modeling to confirm the observations as well as provide a theoretical explanation as to why one type of learner is different from the other. “The research combines experiments with a novel mathematical modeling show thatlea
32、rners deal better with inconsistencies.1.Which of the following means learning in inconsistent environments?A. Being exposed in complete quietness.B. Seeing a color before being told its name.C.Being provided with confusing information.D. Matching the pictures with their formal names.2.What does the
33、 frequency increasing focus on?A. Correctness.B. Variability.C. Repeatability.D. Standardization.3.Mow does the author support the theme of the text?A. By explaining reasons.B. By stating arguments.C.By making comparison.D. By providing research results.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.
34、 Order Counts while Studying SubjectsB. Teaching Kids Calls for Different StylesC. Language Learning Improves with Math CombinedD.Learning Programs Benefits from Showing Pictures5、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We face problems in our everyday life. _Dont worry. As long as you are breathi
35、ng, you can solve problems. Be aware of the problem. First of all, it is important to know and understand the problem clearly. _Following questions like why, what, how, when, where and who will take you to the root cause of the problem. Analyze the problem. Analyzing the problem will give you time t
36、o think of a proper solution. _They can be diagrams, flowcharts or lists, etc. Plan a strategy. Planning a strategy will help you waste less energy and time in attempting all the solutions. This step includes knowing the pros and cons of applying a solution. In this way, you can abandon the strategy
37、 that you dont find worthy to apply. _ Leave out the information that is not required for the solving of the problem. You need to be accurate with the details. Keeping the unrelated information can sometimes complicate the simple problem as we tend to overlook the important information. Carry out th
38、e solution. Putting the solution into effect in a correct way to get the result expected is important while solving a problem. You need to be creative while actualizing a solution just in case some other problems arise while applying the solution. _A.Delete irrelevant information.B.You can use vario
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