2021届高考英语二轮复习 语法专项突围 专题9 动词ing形式精练（含解析）.doc

1、动词的ing1. _ in the traffic jam, I usually set out at 7:00 in the morning from home by car.A. To avoid to be caught B. To avoid being caught.C. Avoiding being caught D. Avoiding to be caught【答案解析】 B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免遭遇交通堵塞，我通常早晨7点开车从家出发。分析句子结构可知此处应用不定式短语在句中充当目的状语，固定短语avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，主语I与catch

2、构成被动关系，所以要用动名词的被动语态。故选B。2. Much disappointed as he is _ in the job interview, he still keeps his confidence.A. to have failed B. to fail C. having failed D. failing【答案解析】 A【详解】考查倒装句式及不定式。句意：虽然他对于工作面试失败很失望，但他还是保持自信。本题是as的倒装句，还原后是Though he is much disappointed _,这时可以看出是句型：sb/sth is +adj +to do这个句型，这里的

3、不定式是主动表被动，而且如果不定式的动作在主句的动作之前发生，用不定式的完成时。本句中的面试失败发生在失望之前，表示动作已完成并对现在产生了影响，此时要动词不定式的完成时，故选A。3. The patients are forbidden, even if they have recovered, _ in hospital.A. drinking B. to drink C. having drunk D. to have drunk【答案解析】 B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即使病人已经康复，也不能在医院饮酒。forbid sb. to do sth.意为“禁止某人做某事”，其被动语态为

4、：sb. be forbidden to do sth.。故选B。4. If the project_before the end of this month is delayed,the construction company will be made fully responsible for the financial losses.A. being completed B. completed C. to be completed D. completing【答案解析】 C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果这个月底预计完工的大楼建设的工期被拖延的话，建筑公司将对经济损失负全部责任。分

5、析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是is delayed，故complete用非谓语动词形式作定语，由时间状语by the end of this month可知，complete是将来的动作，且与先行词project是被动关系，故应该用不定式的被动式作定语。故选C。【点睛】非谓语动词解题策：1、首先查看句子是否缺少谓语动词，以判断是否使用非谓语动词。高中学习中，一般情况下同一个句子不能出现两个谓语，如果句子有谓语则选择非谓语；2、判断语态，根据动作执行者和承受者来判断是使用主动还是被动语态。3、判断时态，根据动作的先后关系等，判断应该使用的时态。5. Far from _ consumers hig

6、h prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data.）A. to charge B. charging C. to have charged D. charge【答案解析】 B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些服务非但没有向消费者收取高昂的费用，反而有许多是免费的(实际上，用户通过提供更多的数据来付费)。此处from为介词，介词+动名词，故选B。6. I looked around at the large and beautiful homes, with

7、 my mind_with a question:Wouldnt I feel better about myself if I lived here?A. racing B. being raced C. to be raced D. raced【答案解析】 A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我环顾四周，看了看这又大又美丽的房子，不停地追问自己这样一个问题如果我住在这儿，自己会感觉更好一些吗？此处为with的复合结构，且mind与race构成主动关系，故用动词-ing 形式。故选A。【点睛】with复合结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或wit

8、hout的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。with结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词7. The silver moon was high overhead, and there was a gentle breeze down t

9、he valley.A. playing B. to play C. played D. having played【答案解析】 A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：银色的月亮高高挂在头上，风吹过山谷。分析句子结构可知，and后的句子是there was句型，谓语动词是was，play在句中做定语，修饰breeze，与逻辑主语breeze构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故选A。【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状

10、语从句或者独立主格结构。8. Our school often organizes various after-school activities, _our stress to some degree.A. to relieve B. relieved C. having relieved D. relieving【答案解析】 D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们学校经常组织各种各样的课外活动，在一定程度上缓解了我们的压力。分析句子可知，relieve用非谓语动词形式，various after-school activities与relieve是逻辑主谓关系，此处表示自然而然的结果，用现在

11、分词。故选D。9. _ many different viruses, wildlife can potentially infect human beings and should be banned for trade.A. To carry. B. Carried. C. Having been carried D. Carrying.【答案解析】 D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：野生动物携带许多不同的病毒，可能会感染人类，因此应该禁止买卖。“携带许多不同的病毒”和“野生动物”之间是主动关系，用现在分词作原因状语。谓语动词的动作和现在分词的动作之间不存在先后顺序，用现在分词的一般式。故选

12、D。10. After _ into more than 50 languages, SpongeBob SquarePants,also simply _ as SpongeBob has earned numerous awards including four Emmy Awards.A. translating; being referred toB. having been translated; referring toC. translated; referring toD. being translated; referred to【答案解析】 D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：

13、在被翻译成50多种语言后，SpongeBob SquarePants，又名海绵宝宝，赢得了包括四次艾美奖在内的众多奖项。介词after后接动名词作宾语，SpongeBob SquarePants与translate之间是被动关系，而且被翻译成多种语言和获奖几乎同时发生，没有明显的先后顺序，所以第一空用being translated，SpongeBob SquarePants与refer to之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应该用过去分词表示被动，所以第二空用referred to，故D项正确。11. The village evolved into a major e-commerce center

14、, and _the past, the villagers owed their success to the reform and opening-up policy.A. reviewed B. to review C. reviewing D. being reviewed【答案解析】 C【详解】考查现在分词作时间状语。句意：村庄发展成为一个重要的电子商务中心，回顾过去，村民们把他们的成功归功于改革开放政策。句子主语the villagers和review之间是一种主动关系，是现在分词作时间状语，故答案为C。12. In 2012 MoYan won the Nobel Prize f

15、or Literature, _ a host of imitators.A. inspiring B. inspired C. having inspired D. to inspire【答案解析】 A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2012年莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖，这鼓舞了一大群模仿者。此处是现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果；to do表示出乎意料的结果，故排除D项；B、C两项不能作结果状语。故选A。13. John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _ him it.A. offered B

16、. offering C. to offer D. to be offered【答案解析】 B【详解】考查现在分词。句意：约翰真的获得了那份工作因为他给我们展示了给他提供那份工作的信件。offer作定语修饰letter，letter与offer him it构成主动关系，故使用现在分词形式,。故选B。14. _ athletes for several years, he decided to bring Chinese culture to more people through tai chi.A. Having coached B. Coached C. Coaching D. Bein

17、g coached【答案解析】 A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：训练运动员多年，他决定将中国的文化通过太极这一方式带给更多的人。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，he和coach之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词；再结合语境可知，先作为很多年的运动员，后面才决定，故用现在分词的完成式having done，故选A项。【点睛】本题考非谓语动词的完成式非谓语动词的完成式表，非谓语的动作发生在谓语动作之前。doing- having done, done having been done, to do to have done例如：Having suffered from the illnes

18、s for years, he can walk freely now. 已近生病很多年，他现在可以自如走动了。Having been told many times, he still made the same mistake.已近被告知了很多次，他仍然犯了相同的错误。His suit is loose. He seems to have lost weight.他的外套宽松了。他似乎已经减肥了。15. More than 1,200 entries by illustrators are displayed at a cartoon exhibition _ on Chinas anti

19、-poverty achievements.A. to focus B. focusing C. being focused D. having focused【答案解析】 B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：超过1200条记录展示在了这个卡通片展示会中，聚焦了中国反贫困的成就。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作定语，focus和cartoon exhibition之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，故选B项。16. Strong marketing success in 2008 sets the stage for achieving records for 2022, _ the lo

20、ng-term financial viability and reputation, of the Olympic Games.A to be protected B. to protectC. protecting D. having been protected【答案解析】 C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 2008年强大市场营销的成功为达到2022年的记录做了铺垫，并且保护了奥林匹克运动的长期财务生存能力和名誉。主语是strong marketing success，成功保护了奥运的财务生存能力和名声，是主动关系，不用被动语态现在分词作状语表伴随。故选C。17. _ some joke

21、s into her speech, she grabbed the attention of the audience all the time.A. Working B. To work C. Worked D. Work【答案解析】 A【详解】考查现在分词作原因状语。句意：她在演讲中穿插了一些笑话，一直吸引着听众的注意力。此处句子主语she和动词work之间是一种主动关系，是现在分词作原因状语。故选A。18. Thanks to the “sugar tax”， food factories have reduced sugar in their products, _ about 45

22、 million kilograms of sugar.A. to save B. savedC. saving D. having saved【答案解析】 C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于“糖税”，食品工厂在食品中减少了糖，节省约4500万公斤的糖。句中主语food factories和动词save是主动关系，用现在分词的一般形式作结果状语。故选C.【点睛】现在分词短语在句中可以作结果状语，它的逻辑主语便是句中的主语，该短语相当于一个结果状语从句，且用主动语态。分词短语在句中作结果状语时，通常位于句末，中间有逗号。有时为了加强语气，就在分词前加thus。Their car was cau

23、ght in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. = Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus it caused the delay. 他们的车遇上交通阻塞，因而耽误了。19. Fortune China released a ranking of business leaders in 2020, Jack Ma, founder of Alibaba, _ the list with outstanding leadership.A. topping B. topped C. to top D. ha

24、ving topped【答案解析】 A【详解】考查现在分词。句意：财富中国版发布了2020年商界领袖排行榜，阿里巴巴创始人马云（Jack Ma）以卓越的领导力高居榜首。分析句子可知，此处是独立主格结构，Jack Ma与top是主动关系，所以用现在分词（doing）表主动。故选A项。20. A global concert One World: Together at Home _many international musicians was held on April 18 in support of health workers.A. featured B. featuring C. to

25、 feature D. having featured【答案解析】 B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：4月18号一场为了支持医疗工作者，名为“同一个世界、一起在家”，以许多国际著名音乐家参加的音乐会被举办。分析句子可知，句中已有动词“was held”故feature(由主演)应填非谓语。又因feature的逻辑主语是“many international musicians”，两者之间表示主动关系。故确定答案为B或者D。又因为D项为doing的完成时，表示非谓语发生于谓语之前，明显不符合题意。分析句意，故选B项。【点睛】非谓语动词除了done以外，要特别注意doing 和to do 也有时态的变化。如果要表示非谓语发生于谓语之前，则应该用having done 或 to have done 的形式。