2021-2022学年人教版英语必修2学案：UNIT 3COMPUTERS WARMING UP .doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 3ComputersWarming Up & Reading. 用本单元恰当的单词补全语境1. universal phenomenon 普遍的现象2. logical behaviour 符合逻辑的行为3. technological inventions 科技发明4. artificial drugs 假的药物5. an intelligent robot 一个智能机器人6. deal with personal affairs 处理私人事情7. the t

2、otal cost 总的花费8. calculate the score 计算分数9. simplify the tax system 简化税收系统10. explore space 探索太空. 根据语境写出黑体部分的汉语意思1. Even though they are twins, they almost have nothing in common. (没有共同之处)2. From then on, they began to live a happy life. (从那时起)3. It hasnt rained for several days; as a result, we hav

3、e to water those young trees. (因此)4. In order to save the rent, she has to share a room with her friend. (和分享)5. Did you know the meaning of a word may change over time? (随着时间的推移)6. My grandmother was becoming more and more sad and frail as the years went by. (推移, 流逝)7. How does your new house compa

4、re with your old one? (和比较)8. We need to work out a solution to this problem. (想出, 找出)9. The holiday provided him with enough opportunity to sit and think. (给提供)10. He has so few friends that his life is lonely. (如此以至于). 根据课文及汉语提示补全句子1. Over time (随着时间的推移) I have been changed quite a lot. 2. Over ti

5、me my memory has developed so much that (如此以至于), like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told. 3. Anyhow my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality(一种高质量的生活). 4. At that time it was considered a technological revolution (科技革命)and the start of my artificial intelligence(人工

6、智能). 5. Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums(简化难解的算术题). 1. 后缀-ify常用在动词词尾, 表示“形成; 使化”。simplesimplify使简明beautybeautify使美化specificspecify明确提出; 使具有特性purepurify使纯净, 净化justjustify证明有理; 为辩护2. “动词+by”构成动词短语。go by(时间)流逝drop by顺便访问pass by经过, 过去get by(靠)维持生计rise by上升了Task 1框架宏观建构: 整体理解Task 2文本微

7、观剖析: 细节探究1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。(1)In 1936, Alan Turing wrote a book about . A. how to simplify difficult sumsB. how the computer could be made to work as a“universal machine”C. how to build an analytical machine(2)Why did the computer totally change its shape? A. Because the computer could do many thing

8、s. B. Because the computer could simplify sums. C. Because its memory improved. (3)How can you understand the underlined word? Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. A. A formal request for sth. B. The practical use of sth. C. An act of spreading sth. (4)From the passage, “I”

9、refers to . A. a machine which is simple-mindedB. a“universal machine”which can solve any mathematical problemC. a person who built an analytical machine答案: (1)(4)BCBB(5)Whats the main idea of the text? The history of the computer. 2. 根据文章内容完成空格。WHO AM ITimeEventsIn 1642The computer began as a (1)ca

10、lculating machine in France. About 200years laterThe computer was built as an analytical machine (2)programmed by an operator using (3)cards with holes. TimeEventsIn 1936A book about how to make a computer work as a “(4)universal machine”. From the 1940sto the 1970sThe computer was made smaller, and

11、 its (5)memory became larger. The first PC and the first (6)laptop were made. In the early(7)1960sComputers were connected by a (8)network. People could (9)share knowledge. Since the1970sComputers have been used in many (10)ways. 3. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。(1)译文: 我发育缓慢, 差不多到了两百年之后, 查尔斯巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。(2)译文:

12、在1936年, 我真正的父亲, 艾伦图灵写了一本书, 讲述了怎样能使我成为一台“通用机器”来解决任何数学难题。(3)译文: 随着时间的推移, 我的记忆力发展得如此之快, 就像一头大象一样, 以至于我从来不会忘记我被告知的任何事情! Task 3阅读思维升华: 主题实践1. 结合课文主题, 回答下列问题。(1)Who really invented the computer according to the passage? Alan Turing. (2)What do you think the future of the computer will be like? With the de

13、velopment of our society, the computer will play a more important part in our daily life, and it can be used widely in every field of our life in the world. 2. 根据提示, 运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。(1)科学技术(technology)的快速发展。(2)计算机已被应用于(be applied to)如此多领域以至于我们现在离不开电脑了(so. . . that. . . )。(3)人们普遍地(universally)依靠计算机来解决

14、(solve)各种问题, 比如探索(explore)月球。(4)不管怎样(anyhow), 人们普遍认为(it is generally believed that)在将来计算机不可能替代人类(human race)。With science and technology developing quickly, computers have been applied to so many fields that we cant go without them. As a result, people universally rely on computers to solve all kind

15、s of problems, for example, exploring the Moon. Anyhow, it is generally believed that computers cant take the place of human race in the future. 1. sum n. 总数; 算术题; 金额*Its just for fun or giving best wishes, while the sum of money matters little. 这只是为了好玩, 或给予最好的祝愿, 钱的多少无关紧要。*Nothing about this sum ha

16、s come to light. 关于这笔钱人们一无所知。*I was good at sums at school. 我上学时擅长算术。【词块积累】sum up总结; 作概述; 简而言之to sum up总之; 概括地说in sum总而言之; 大体上a large sum of一大笔; 大量的(1)语法填空。I had to spend a large sum of money to get it back. We can sum up the main point of the lesson in three sentences. (2)To sum up, one should thin

17、k before speaking, even when it means deciding between the truth and a lie. 总之, 开口说话之前应该先思考, 即使这就意味着决定要说实话还是要说谎。2. solve vt. 解决; 解答*Once this difficulty is overcome, other problems will be easy to solve. 攻下这一关, 其他问题就好办了。*There is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve the problem of homelessnes

18、s. 五岁的孩子对于解决流浪者问题能做的不多。*It may take a long time to find a universal solution to the problem. 要找到这个问题通用的解决办法也许要花很长时间。【词块积累】(1)solve(settle/deal with) problems 解决问题(2)solution n. 解决, 解答a solution to. . . 的解决办法 (1)语法填空。We were amazed at the fact that they solved (solve) their difficulties. Only a polit

19、ical solution (solve) could put an end to the violence. There is no simple solution to this problem. (2)The problem will not be difficult to solve, if properly handled. 如处理得当, 问题不难解决。3. as a result 结果*Peoples living style has been changed as a result of the development of modern industry and agricul

20、ture. 由于现代工业和农业的发展, 人们的生活方式已经发生了变化。*(2019天津高考)As a result, they judge the disabled with one glance. 结果, 他们只是看了一眼, 就对残疾人做出了判断。【词块积累】(1)as a result of由于; 因为 (2)result v. 发生, 产生result from是由造成的; 起因于result in 导致; 造成【巧学助记】图解“因果”【易混辨析】as a result表示“因此, 结果”, 单独使用, 作连接性状语, 起承上启下的作用as a result of表示“由于, 作为的结果

21、”, 后接名词或代词, 作原因状语(1)单句改错。He stayed up too late last night; as result, he didnt get up on time today. (as后加上a)He didnt get up on time today as a result staying up too late last night. (result后加上of)(2)句型转换。Hard work results in success. Success results from hard work. 4. explore vt. &vi. 探索; 探测; 探究*I w

22、ant to explore and get in touch with my inner self. 我想探寻、了解内在的自我。*(2020天津高考)Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore. 伟大来自对探索的持久渴望。*I looked forward to the exploration of their theories. 我期待着研究他们的理论。【词块积累】explorern. 探险者; 勘探者explorationn. 探索; 探险(2021全国甲卷)But we want to go beyond one man and e

23、xplore the nature of genius itself. 但我们想超越个人, 探索天才本身的本质。*(2021新高考卷)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. 当探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时, 天空和陆地上充满了种类繁多的野生动物。 用explore的适当形式填空。(1)They are making explorations into

24、the cultural problems of South Africa. (2)After exploring the old part of town there is a guided tour of the cathedral. (3)The explorer determined to explore the lonely island in the Pacific Ocean in order to write his new story about exploration. 5. anyhow adv. (也作anyway)无论如何; 即使如此*The woman was st

25、ill there. I decided to take the photo anyway. 那位女士还在那里, 我决定无论如何都得拍张照。*Somehow Karin managed to cope with the demands of her career. 不知怎么地, 卡琳设法达到了其职业的要求。*I was somewhat surprised to see him. 见到他我颇感诧异。【词块积累】somehowadv. 以某种方式; 不知怎么地somewhatadv. 稍微; 有些用适当的副词somehow, somewhat, anyhow填空。(1)We must get t

26、he work finished anyhow by tomorrow morning. (2)Somehow he tells these stories without a note of horror. (3)Many people are somewhat puzzled at the negative side of the voting, although some are quite happy with it. 6. goal n. 目标; 目的; 球门; (进球)得分*Liverpool won by three goals to one. 利物浦队以三比一获胜。*You n

27、eed to set yourself some long-term goals. 你得为自己设定一些长期目标。*China has set the goal of increasing areas covered by forest to average world levels around the middle of this century. 中国已经设定目标在本世纪中期森林覆盖率达到世界平均水平。*(2019全国卷)More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? 更重要的是, 你应该如何保持动力去实

28、现目标呢? 【词块积累】set a goal设定一个目标achieve/realize ones goal实现目标ones life goal某人的人生目标score/kick a goal 得(踢进一球得)一分keep goal 守球门(2021浙江高考)The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature. 其

29、成果是野东西计划, 一部描绘了世界网络诞生的电影, 世界网络是一群以让儿童进入大自然为共同目标的组织。(1)语法填空。They scored five goals (goal) in the first half of the match. (2)Set a goal and see yourself achieving it. 设定一个目标, 设想自己在实现它。(3)The only goal was scored by Jakobsen early in the second half. 唯一的一个进球是由雅各布森在下半场刚开始时踢进的。7. As time went by, I was

30、made smaller. 随着时间流逝, 我被做得更小了。【句式解构】此句为主从复合句。as意为“随着”, 引导时间状语从句。smaller形容词在句中作主语补足语。*As time goes by, I have greatly improved my skills in playing badminton, which makes me very proud. 随着时间流逝, 我极大地提升了羽毛球方面的技术, 这让我很自豪。*As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything. 随着孩子们年龄

31、的增长, 他们对任何事情都变得越来越感兴趣。as和with都有“随着”的意思, 但是as是连词, 引导时间状语从句; with是介词, 后接名词或代词构成with短语或with复合结构。As everything was settled, he felt rather relaxed. With everything settled, he felt rather relaxed. 【知识延伸】as引导时间状语从句时表示“当时, 一边一边”, 侧重表示两个动作同时发生(包括一个主语同时进行两个动作), 或者一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化。(1)语法填空。We get wiser as we

32、 get older. She sang a popular song as she walked on the way home. He fell asleep with the lamp burning (burn). (2)句型转换。As time went by, he changed a lot. With time going by, he changed a lot. 【要点拾遗】1. calculate vt. 计算*I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642. 1642年我在法国诞生时是一台计算机器。*You need

33、 to calculate how much time the task will take. 你需要算一算这项任务要花多少时间。*It has been calculated that at least 47, 000 jobs were lost last year. 据估算, 去年至少47 000人次失去了工作。*An e-dictionary usually has other functions, for example, it may be used as a calculator. 电子词典通常还有其他功能, 比如说它可以被当作计算器来使用。【词块积累】(1)be calcula

34、ted to do sth. 打算或可能做某事calculate on sth. 指望或期待某事物(2)calculation n. 计算, 推算calculator n. 计算器, 计算者用calculate的适当形式填空。(1)I believe I am capable of calculating the political consequences accurately. (2)Whats the proper way of doing this calculation? (3)I never realized you could be so calculating. (4)Its

35、difficult to calculate what effect all these changes will have on the company. 2. total adj. 总的; 整个的 n. 总数; 合计*The club has a total membership of 300. 这家俱乐部的成员总数为300人。*They havent totalled the exact figures. 他们还没有对确切数据进行总计。*In total, 45 per cent of adults in Britain are exposed to tobacco smoke at h

36、ome. 英国总计有 45% 的成人在家里遭受到烟草烟雾的侵害。【词块积累】(1)a total of总共in total共计(2)totallyadv. 完全地; 整个地(1)语法填空。Their expenses reached a total of 1, 000 pounds. That will cost you￥7. 50 in total. They will compete for prizes totalling(total) nearly 3, 000. (2)单句改错。Therefore, they are afraid that students will total l

37、ose interest in Chinese. (total改为totally)3. application n. 应用; 用途; 申请*The invention would have wide application in industry. 这项发明会在工业中得到广泛应用。*Students learned the practical application of the theory they had learned in the classroom. 学生们学会了课堂上学到的理论的实际应用。*I am writing to apply for the position as an

38、English volunteer guide for the Forbidden City. 我写信申请成为一名故宫英语志愿者导游。【词块积累】(1)make an application (to sb. for sth. )(向某人)申请(某物)(2)apply v. 应用; 适用; 申请; 致力于apply sth. to. . . 把涂到上; 把应用到上apply to 适用于apply for 申请/请求apply to. . . for. . . 向申请(2019天津高考)However, technology is also the application of scientif

39、ic knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways. 然而, 技术也是应用科学知识解决问题, 它以无数的方式接触生活。(1)语法填空。His application (apply) for membership of the organisation was rejected. I am continuing to apply for jobs. The new technology was applied to farming. (2)He has applied to a company for a job.

40、他已向一家公司申请了工作。4. have. . . in common 与有共同点; 与共有*Campers were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 露营者喜欢虫咬, 做得差的食物和不舒服的睡袋, 他们和我没有任何共同之处。*In common with many young people, he prefers pop music to classical music. 和许多年轻人一

41、样, 他更喜欢流行音乐, 而不喜欢古典音乐。【词块积累】have little/nothing/something/a lot/much in common (with. . . )(与)几乎无/无/有/有很多/有许多共同之处in common共同; 共有; 共用in common with. . . 和一样*(2021全国甲卷)What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common? 谢博德和史密斯的作品有什么共同之处? (1)To my surprise, although they are brothers, they have no

42、thing in common. 令我吃惊的是, 他们虽然是兄弟, 但毫无共同之处。(2)We have lots of things in common besides music. 除了音乐, 我们还有很多共同点。(3)In common with many others, she applied for a training place. 和其他许多人一样, 她申请了一个训练地点。5. from. . . on 从时起*From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. 从那时起, 我在体积和智能方面迅速成长。*I r

43、eally hope all the drivers can take action from now on and try to be good Chinese drivers. 我真希望所有驾驶员能够从现在起采取行动, 努力成为中国好司机。* She never spoke to him again from that day on. 从那天起, 她再也没和他说过话。(1)From now on, we should pay more attention to protecting the environment. 从现在起, 我们应该更加注意保护环境。(2)He decided to s

44、tudy hard from then on. 从那时起, 他决定努力学习。(3)He is more careful when he crosses the street from that day on. 从那天以后, 他过马路时更加小心了。览时事晓天下1. After his return, Yang reported the abnormal vibrations during the rockets ascent to fellow scientists, who solved the issue before the Shenzhou VIs launch. 在飞行回来后, 杨向共

45、事的科学家汇报了火箭上升过程中的异常振动, 后来科学家在神舟六号发射前解决了这个问题。2. In the following years, a number of new technologies have also been applied to the core cabin, including space Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, smart home applications, private phone communications, and over 120 kinds of space foods. 此后数年, 核心舱应用了许多新技术, 包括太空WiFi、蓝牙、智能家居

46、应用、私人电话通信和120多种太空食物。3. All efforts of individual countries to independently explore the path to modernisation in light of their specific national conditions are worthy of respect. 每个国家自主探索符合本国国情的现代化道路的努力都值得尊重。4. The Palace Museum launched a “zero waste” program in January 2020 to work toward the goa

47、l of minimizing the amount of waste that would go through landfills or incineration. “零废弃”项目于2020年1月在故宫博物院发起, 持续追求“将填埋或焚烧处理的垃圾减少至无限趋近于零”的目标。5. China has set up a financial-aid system that covers students from financially challenged households at various education stages and schools of different leve

48、ls and types. 目前, 中国已建立了覆盖各教育阶段、各级各类学校中有家庭经济困难的学生的资助政策体系。. 语段填词1. Personally(个人) speaking, we can solve(解决) the technological(技术的) problem. 2. Anyhow(无论如何), while China has achieved its initial goals(目标) in exploring(探索)the moon, much work remains to be done. 3. The application(应用) of network(网络) in

49、 our life can be a great revolution(革命), which can greatly simplify(简化) our way of life. . 选词填空work out, as a result, from then on, in total, have nothing in common, in reality, go by, human race1. We were separated after the film, and from then on I never saw her again. 2. I was caught in the rain

50、on my way home; as a result, I had a bad cold. 3. I am glad that things are working out so well for them. 4. In reality, my goal was to set up my own business. 5. My wish to study hard and get good grades has been weakened with time going by. 6. Jane and I have nothing in common. That is to say, we

51、are completely different. 7. Can the human race carry on expanding and growing the same way that it is now? 8. I bargained with the boss over the price of the dress. Finally I paid less than 200 yuan in total for it. . 完成句子1. He had got on the train before I could say goodbye. 我还没来得及说再见, 他已经上了火车。2.

52、As time goes by, its getting warmer and warmer. 随着时间的推移, 天气变得越来越暖和了。3. From then on the custom of worshiping the moon spread among the people. 从那时起, 敬拜月亮的风俗就在民间流传开来。4. I have found that she had a lot in common with her mother. 我发现她和她母亲有许多共同之处。5. As a result, only the light from behind the objects ca

53、n be seen. 结果, 只有那些从该物体背后传来的光能被看见。6. The pop star sang so beautifully that he was asked to sing again and again. 这位流行歌星唱得这样好, 人们要求他唱了一首又一首。. 课文语法填空The computer began as a calculating machine in France in 1642. It could 1. simplify (simple) difficult sums. In 1936 Alan Turing wrote a book about how t

54、he computer could be made to work as a “universal machine” 2. to solve(solve) any difficult mathematical problem. At the beginning, the computer was 3. as large as a room. This reality worried the designers. As time 4. went(go) by, it became smaller and smaller. With 5. artificial(art) intelligence,

55、 it is getting cleverer and cleverer, quicker and quicker. In the early 1960s, computers could be 6. connected(connect) by a network, 7. which enabled their users to share information 8. with others. Since the 1970s, computers 9. have had (have) many new applications and become very important in com

56、munication, finance, trade and even 10. have been put (put) into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars. 【补偿训练】根据首字母或汉语提示写出下面句中单词的正确形式1. My goal (目标)in life is to write a book. 2. He is an intelligent (聪明的)student. 3. This is actually a bit hard to explain, but Ill give it a try anyhow/

57、anyway (无论如何). 4. They come from totally (完全地)different cultures. 5. He is a computer operator (操作员). 6. He sent his application (申请书) to the office. 7. What do you think they should do to solve their problem? 8. Because of modern technology, we live a life of high quality. 9. She is always logical (合逻辑的) in her thinking. 10. The main goal of our research is to calculate the number of the people who are out of work. 关闭Word文档返回原板块