山东省临朐县第五中学2022届高三上学期开学考试英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、高三英语本试卷分第卷和第卷两部分，共12页。满分150分。考试限定用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2.第1卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.第卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，

2、先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What are the speakers talking about?A. A party. B. A gift. C. A trip.2. What is the man considering doing?A. Joining a research team. B.

3、 Starting his own business. C. Attending more interviews.3. Where are the speakers?A. In a library. B. In a store. C. In a bank.4. Why is the man talking to the woman?A. To fix the door. B. To place an ad. C. To see a flat.5. What would the womans grandma like to do?A. Leave her hometown. B. Visit h

4、er children often. C. Live in her own home.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a gas station.7.

5、How does the man sound?A. Impatient. B. Confused. C. Humorous.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8. Why does Sophia apologize to Simon?A. For leaving without saying goodbye. B. For breaking the wine glasses. C. For being late for the party.9. What happened to Sophias father?A. He lost his job. B. He had an acciden

6、t. C. He missed a meeting.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10. What is Tracy?A. A student. B. A librarian. C. A programmer.11. What does Jim think of his job?A. Enjoyable. B. Demanding. C. Boring.12. What is Jim probably going to do?A. Meet a friend. B. Eat something. C. See his boss.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.

7、What is the woman doing?A. Shes interpreting a painting. B. Shes chairing a meeting. C. Shes hosting a program.14. How did Kuhn get the name “Happy”?A. From an oil painting. B. From a city in Mexico. C. From his initials in Spanish.15. Who discovered Kuhns artistic talent?A. His childhood friend. B.

8、 His father. C. A woman artist. 16. What makes Kuhns art special?A. His focus on life of the aged. B. His unique use of bright colors. C. His expression of childlike innocence.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17. How many levels of courses does the program offer?A. Seven. B. Eight. C. Twelve.18. What is the st

9、rength of the program?A. It can meet personal needs. B. It is available throughout the year. C. It provides courses on U.S. culture.19. What can students get if they perform well in an end-of-session test?A. A course for free. B. A chance to work part-time. C. A promotion to a higher level.20. What

10、does the Language Center Bonus Project offer?A. Extra practice hours. B. Social activities. C. Field trips.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFire Prevention InformationThe University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals.

11、They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exit

12、s nearest your room.Fire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的)fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety,

13、never tamper with(胡乱摆弄)these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:Take your room key and IDFailed to download image : http:/qbm-images.oss-cn-

14、close and lock the door to your room.Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire ExtinguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have

15、 been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also

16、have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking(闪动)，contact residence hall staff immediately.Do not cover or block your smoke detector in

17、 any way.If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.1. What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?A. Pipes and smoke detectors.B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations2. W

18、hat do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.B. Irresponsible use of them can damage them.C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.D. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.3. To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, on

19、e should_.A. contact the hall staff regularlyB. cover the things that burn easilyC. start the smoke detector in a fireD. make certain the red light is working【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了防火的相关信息，包括：警报器的种类、消防演习的注意事项、灭火器的使用、烟雾检测器的信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Most are also equipped with automatic fire

20、alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.可知大多数还配备了自动火灾报警系统，包括热探测器、烟雾探测器和洒水器。由此可知，火灾自动报警系统包括烟雾探测器和洒水器。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题根据Fire Extinguishers部分中Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.可知滥用灭火器会导致罚款。由此可知，不恰当地使用灭火器会导致被处罚。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段If your smoke detec

21、tor is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking(闪动)，contact residence hall staff immediately.可知如果您的烟雾探测器工作正常，红色指示灯应该是亮的。如遇红灯不闪烁，应立即与宿舍工作人员联系。由此可知，为了确保烟雾探测器的安全运行，应该确保红灯在工作。故选D。BActors Keira Knightley and Kristen Bell have both commented on their worries about usi

22、ng Disney princesses as role models for their children.On a famous talk show, Knightley said her daughter (who was born in 2015) was “banned” from watching Cinderella, which Disney produced as a cartoon in 1950 and a live-action film in 2015. “Cinderella waits around for a rich guy to rescue her. Do

23、nt. Rescue yourself! Obviously.”Knightley added that she had also forbidden The Little Mermaid, the 1989 cartoon. “This is the one that Im quite annoyed about because I really like the film. I mean, the songs are great, but do not give up your voice for a man. Well, thats a little difficult to handl

24、e, but Im keeping to it.”Bell, the star of Frozen, expressed her disapproval of the Snow White fairy tale, which became a classic Disney cartoon in 1938. In an interview with parents, Bell said: “I look at my girls and ask, Dont you think its very unusual that Snow White didnt ask the old witch why

25、she needed to eat the apple? Or where she got that apple? I say, I would never take food from a stranger, would you? And my kids respond, No! And I think Im doing something right.”Bell, who played a Disney princess in Frozen, said she also used the story to illustrate issues about permission. She sa

26、ys that she asked her children: “Dont you think that its very strange that the prince kisses Snow White without her permission? Because you cannot kiss someone if theyre sleeping!”Bell later responded to criticism on social media. To one user she wrote: “Everything is a message to our children, beca

27、use they are sponges(海绵) that soak up everything and are learning how to be adults through what they see. I want my girls to see and practice critical thinking and respectful behavior.”4. Why did Knightley stop her daughter from watching The Little Mermaid?A. Because Knightley disliked it.B. Because

28、 the little mermaid was tricky.C. Because the film showed wrong values.D. Because the songs in the film were annoying.5. What can we infer about Bell from Paragraph 4?A. Bell thought Snow White behaved well.B. Bell didnt know how to persuade her kids.C Bell wanted her kids to learn from Snow White.D

29、. Bell believed her kids should be critical about the film.6. What qualities do Knightley and Bell expect their children to have?A. Curious and hard-working.B. Smart and generous.C. Independent and good-mannered.D. Critical and proud.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Say No to Disney P

30、rincessesB. Rescue YourselvesC. Doing Something RightD. Practice Critical Thinking【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。Keira Knightley and Kristen Bell禁止孩子们看迪士尼公主的电影，并进行评判，认为迪士尼公主不应该作为孩子们的典范。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第二段“Knightley added that she had also forbidden The Little Mermaid.but Im keeping to it.”

31、Knightley禁止孩子看小美人鱼不是因为不喜欢这部电影，而是对电影传达的价值观“为了一个男人而放弃自己的声音”不赞同，故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章“In an interview with parents, Bell said: “I look at my girls and ask, Dont you think its very unusual that Snow White didnt ask the old witch why she needed to eat the apple? Or where she got that apple? I say, I would

32、 never take food from a stranger, would you? And my kids respond, No! And I think Im doing something right.”可知Bell对于白雪公主是持批判态度的，并且孩子对她问题的回答可确定Bell认为孩子对这部电影应该是持批判态度的，故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。通过Keira Knightley and Kristen Bell对迪士尼电影Cinderella，The Little Mermaid， Snow White fairy tale进行评论，认为女孩应该独立，不能因为男人放弃自己的宝贵

33、品质，故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章大意是Keira Knightley and Kristen Bell禁止孩子们看迪士尼公主的电影，并进行评判，认为迪士尼公主不应该作为孩子们的典范。标题一般与文章主旨紧密联系，而且文章中反复强调对迪士尼公主的批判，故A适合做标题。【点睛】标题归纳题属于主旨大意题的一种。标题一般与文章主旨相关，用来点明主题，因此要确定文章的标题，第一，阅读全文，总结文章主旨大意；第二，看选项是否与主题相关，而不能是文章中的某个细节，标题不能范围过大或者过小，并且还要有吸引力。例如文章中的小题4，A选项与文章主题相关，而且标题新颖，能够吸引读者，而BCD都是文章中的某个

34、细节的评论，需排除。CThe Israeli farmers who pioneered the revolutionary technology known as drip irrigation（滴流灌溉） werent trying to solve one of the worlds most urgent problems. They were just trying to survive. They lived in the desert, and they didnt have enough water to grow their crops.In its simplest for

35、m, it was little more than a pipe with holes in it. But behind each hole was a hi-tech dripper that let out just the right amount of water. Snaked along a row of crops so that the holes were positioned directly above the roots, the pipe could direct each precious drop of water directly to the plants

36、, getting a bigger harvest while using a very small amount of water.Over time, the farmers improved upon the technology, perfecting the drippers that regulated the flow of water, and connecting the pipelines to computers that could determine exactly how much water each plant needed and when.If the g

37、lobal population kept growing, the rest of the world would increasingly resemble their little community in the desert. So they began selling their irrigation systems in other parts of the world, eventually expanding to more than 110 countries. Netafirm, the company says its lifting people out of pov

38、erty and conserving water at a time when the importance of doing so has never been clearer.The mass adoption of drip irrigation wont save the world by itself. To avoid the coming catastrophe, nearly everybody will, in some way, have to do more with less, perhaps through accepting and using other new

39、 technologies. Otherwise, its going to get ugly.8. Why is drip irrigation called “the revolutionary technology”?A. It saves the world all by itself.B. It is controlled by computers.C. It makes irrigation more effective.D. It provides deserts with water.9. What does “one of the worlds most urgent pro

40、blems” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. Lacking water.B. Lacking labor.C Lacking food.D. Lacking energy.10. How does the drip irrigation help farmers with crops?A. By drilling holes on the pipes.B. By regulating water via drippers.C. By snaking pipes along the crops.D. By placing pipes just above roots.11

41、. Which of the following will be the best slogan for Netafirm to sell the irrigation systems?A. Less water; More harvest.B. New technology; New world.C. More grain; Less starvation.D. Water saving; World surviving.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以色列农民首创滴流灌溉技术，并且他们开始在世界其他地方销售他们的灌溉系统。这种滴

42、流灌溉的优点是用很少的水就能获得更大的收获。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Snaked along a row of crops so that the holes were positioned directly above the roots, the pipe could direct each precious drop of water directly to the plants, getting a bigger harvest while using a very small amount of water.（这种管道沿着一排作物蜿蜒而行，使孔直接位于根部上方，可以将宝贵的

43、每一滴水直接输送到作物上，用很少的水就能获得更大的收获。）由此可知，滴流灌溉被称为“革命性的技术”是因为它使灌溉更有效。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后的句子They were just trying to survive. They lived in the desert, and they didnt have enough water to grow their crops.（他们只是在努力生存。他们住在沙漠里，没有足够的水来种植庄稼。）可知那里的水资源很匮乏，所以 “one of the worlds most urgent problems”指的是缺水，故选A。【10题详

44、解】细节理解题。根据第二段In its simplest form, it was little more than a pipe with holes in it. But behind each hole was a hi-tech dripper that let out just the right amount of water.（它最简单的形式不过是一根有孔的管子。但是在每个洞的后面都有一个高科技的滴灌器，它能排出适量的水）由此可知，滴流灌溉通过滴管调节水，帮助农民种植农作物。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Snaked along a row of crops so

45、that the holes were positioned directly above the roots, the pipe could direct each precious drop of water directly to the plants, getting a bigger harvest while using a very small amount of water.（这种管道沿着一排作物蜿蜒而行，使孔直接位于根部上方，可以将宝贵的每一滴水直接输送到作物上，用很少的水就能获得更大的收获）是这种滴流灌溉的优点，所以Netafirm销售滴流灌溉系统的最佳口号“更少的水；更大

46、的收获”。故选A。DName-calling, teasing, pushing and fightingwhether you have experienced it or not, the chances are that these are the things that appear in your mind when you hear the word “bullying”. Yet, many of us know little about the serious, lasting harms bullying could cause.If youve watched 13 Rea

47、sons Why, youll understand the impacts that bullying can have. The second season of the popular US teenage drama was released on May 18. It tells the story of Hannah Baker, a high school student who takes her own life after shes picked on by fellow students, while others stand by and do nothing to h

48、elp her.One of the important messages audiences could get from the show is to treat people with kindness and respect. “It teaches us that every single thing we say and do has an impact on others,” news platform Odyssey noted.Some may think 13 Reasons Why exaggerates (夸大) the seriousness of school bu

49、llying, but according to the US National Center for Educational Statistics, more than 20 percent of US students were bullied in 2016, and only 36% of this group reported it.NBA player Gerald Green opened up about being called “alien hands” during his teenage years due to his big hands. “Being bullie

50、d was embarrassing,” he said. “I still remember shying away from crowds and walking around with my hands in my pockets to evade the attention from my peers.” To get away with the teasing, he found his motivation by playing basketball and making a career out of it. But not everyone is so lucky to dis

51、cover a release.According to statistics released by the US government, if someone prevents a bully, theres a 57% chance that the bullying will stop within 10 seconds. So if you ever witness bullying, consider stepping up and supporting the victim. As US actor Brandon Flynn, who stars in 13 Reasons W

52、hy, said, “Just because youre not the one getting bullied, it doesnt mean its not your problem.”12. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To add some background information.B. To encourage eyewitnesses to take action.C. To introduce a new topic of the discussion.D. To give people advice about

53、 dealing with bullying.13. What does the US National Center for Educational Statistics indicate?A. Bullying isnt a problem in many schools.B. School bullying cant cause too much pain.C. Only a few people are concerned about bullying.D. Many people whore bullied choose not to seek help.14. What does

54、the underlined word in Para. 5 mean?A. Attract.B. Focus.C Avoid.D. Keep.15. What does the text tell us about 13 Reasons Why?A. It overstates school bullying.B. It was first shown on May 18.C. It is mainly about school bullying.D. It shows few people can report bullying.【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C【解析

55、】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过借助一部流行的美国青年电视剧中的例子、美国国家教育统计中心的统计数据以及NBA的杰拉德格林的例子，让大家感受到学校暴力事件的严重性，并呼吁大家遇到暴力事件要及时制止。【12题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的“if someone prevents a bully, theres a 57% chance that the bullying will stop within 10 seconds.（如果有人阻止暴力，有57%的可能性，这场暴力事件在10秒钟内会停止）”及“So if you ever witness bullying, consider st

56、epping up and supporting the victim.（如果你目睹了一场暴力事件，考虑站出来帮助一下受害者）”可知，在这段中，作者呼吁大家看到暴力事件时采取行动。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“but according to the US National Center for Educational Statistics, more than 20 percent of US students were bullied in 2016, and only 36% of this group reported it.（但是根据美国国家教育统计中心的统计数

57、据，20%多的学生在2016年受到过暴力事件，但是其中只有36%的学生报告了其所遭遇的暴力事件）”可知，在遭受暴力的群体中，很多人没有寻求帮助。故选D。【14题详解】词义猜测题。划线单词所在句子的句意为“我一直记得躲避大群的同学，走路时把手插进口袋躲避同龄人的注意力”。其中的“shy away from crowds”与“evade the attention from my peers”是同义词，都是躲避大家，不引起他们注意力的意思。A. Attract吸引；B. Focus集中注意力；C. Avoid避免，回避；D. Keep保持。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“If yo

58、uve watched 13 Reasons Why, youll understand the impacts that bullying can have.（如果你看了十三个原因，你就会理解暴力的影响。）”以及这一段中讲述的十三个原因第二季中的高中生被刁难后自杀的故事，我们可以知道这是一部关于学校暴力的影视剧。故选C。【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词猜测词义。这种题型的解法主要是在生词前后找到其释义句或释义词。例如本文划线句子中的and表示前后是并列

59、关系，那么其中的“shy away from crowds”与“evade the attention from my peers”就是同义词，都是躲避大家，不引起他们注意力的意思。故选C。本题猜出意思即可解出答案。有的题目根据释义句猜测出划线单词意思后，还需要将选项代入划线单词处看主谓宾搭配是否合理。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Long ago, people believed that in the future we would work less, have more free t

60、ime and get more relaxed. _16_Today we work harder, work longer hours and have more stresses than ten years ago. We walk faster, talk faster and sleep less than previous generations. And although we use machines that save us time, we have less free time than our parents and grandparents. _17_ An Ame

61、rican journalist James Gleick in a new book, says that people are suffering from “ hurry sickness” - were trying to do more things in less time. As a result, our lives are stressful. He says that if we dont slow down, we wont live as long as our parents. _18_Newspaper articles today are shorter and

62、the headlines are bigger. Most people dont have enough time to read the articles, so they only read the headlines. On TV and the radio, newspapers speak more quickly than ten years ago. In the USA, there is a book called One-Minute Bedtime Stories for children. These are shorter versions of traditio

63、nal stories, specially written for “busy parents” who want to save time! Some answer phones now have “quick playback” buttons so that we can replay peoples messages faster- we cant waste time listening to people speaking at the normal speed! _19_ Ten years ago when people went to art galleries they

64、spent seconds looking at each picture. Today they spend just three three seconds! Nowadays, many people prefer faster and dynamic sports like basketball._20_ Our cars are faster but the traffic is worse, so we drive more slowly. We spend more time sitting in our cars, feeling stressed. Experts predi

65、ct that in ten years the average speed on the road in cities will be only 17 km/h.A. People didnt feel stressed ten years ago.B. But unluckily, this has not happened yet.C. Even when we relax we do everything more quickly.D. But what is this doing to our health?E. For most people, being faster doesn

66、t mean being better.F. The only thing that is slower than before is the way we drive.G. Now everything is faster than before, which bring us more convenience.【答案】16. B 17. D 18. E 19. C 20. F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，未来的生活是不是比现在更清闲？文章中用多个事例告诉我们这是一个伪命题。也许唯一比现在慢的事情是交通吧！【16题详解】根据下文可知我们现在比过去忙了很多，空闲时间更少。同样未来的我们也会

67、比现在更忙碌，所以说未来我们会更轻松工作更少是不正确的。B项But unluckily, this has not happened yet.符合上下文语境，故选择B项。【17题详解】根据横线后句“An American journalist James Gleick in a new book, says that people are suffering from “ hurry sickness” - were trying to do more things in less time.”可知现在的人们都患有匆忙症。我们比先辈更忙碌，给我们的健康带来了不好的影响。D项“But what

68、is this doing to our health?”把前后句串联在一起，所以选择D项。【18题详解】横线前句“He says that if we dont slow down, we wont live as long as our parents.”告诉我们如果我们不放慢脚步，我们活得时间不如我们的父母亲。生活节奏快并没有什么好处。所以E项“For most people, being faster doesnt mean being better.”符合语境，故E项正确。【19题详解】根据前句“Some answer phones now have “quick playback”

69、 buttons so that we can replay peoples messages faster- we cant waste time listening to people speaking at the normal speed!”列举的事例，可知现代人的生活节奏是非常快的，即使我们在放松，我们做事情的速度也很快。C项符合上下文语境，所以选择C项。【20题详解】根据横线后句“Our cars are faster but the traffic is worse, so we drive more slowly.”可知现在交通变得更加拥堵了，我们开车的速度比以前慢多了。也许这

70、是唯一的一个比过去慢的事情。故F项“The only thing that is slower than before is the way we drive.”符合上下文语境。所以选择F项。第三部分 语言运用第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When my aunts children were small, she decided to get them a puppy. Her neighbors dog had given _21_ to a couple of puppies a few

71、 weeks earlier and so my aunt arranged to _22_ one of the puppies once they had been weaned （断奶）.The day came to bring home the little puppy and the children were _23_; they named it Shorty happily and _24_ welcomed it, preparing its food and a comfortable _25_ in a basket. The next day the children

72、 gave it some milk before kissing it goodbye and _26_ for school. When they returned, they were _27_ to discover that Shorty was missing. They _28_ the whole house inch by inch, _29_ it was nowhere to be found. A few hours later, the _30_ who sold them the puppy came over carrying Shorty, _31_ . He

73、explained that the mother dog had slid into my aunts house and carried the puppy back to his home.For a number of days my aunt and her neighbour tried _32_ to keep the puppy in his new home, because each day the mother dog would _33_ it from the tiny bed. Finally, my aunts neighbour gave up and offe

74、red her a refund （退款）I came to realize that mothers love is flowing all over the places you can imagine , _34_ in the kingdom of animals. By the way, if you would like to keep a puppy as a _35_ you might as well keep the mother dog at a distance.21. A. riseB. birthC. wayD. attention22. A. buyB. borr

75、owC. stealD. rent23. A. cautiousB. cheerfulC. awkwardD. allergic24. A. merelyB. frequentlyC. immediatelyD. temporarily25. A. bedB. seatC. netD. bag26. A. looking outB. heading offC. taking awayD. coming up27. A. alarmedB. relievedC. interested.D. ashamed28. A. discoveredB. cleanedC. searchedD. explo

76、red29. A. soB. thoughC. orD. but30. A. parentB. friendC. relativeD. neighbor31. A. praisingB. apologizingC. promisingD. blaming32. A. in vainB. in turnC. on purposeD. on time33. A. feedB. kissC. biteD. fetch34. A. justB. yetC. evenD. still35 A. toyB. guardC. companionD. colleague【答案】21. B 22. A 23.

77、B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的阿姨从邻居家为孩子们买来一只小狗，但狗妈妈每天溜进阿姨家将小狗带走，他们最后只能让小狗回到它妈妈的身边。作者由此意识到，母爱流淌在你可以想象的所有地方，甚至在动物的王国里。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿姨邻居家的狗几周前生下一对小狗，我阿姨打算一旦小狗断奶后就买一只。A. rise上升；B. birth出生；C. way方法；D. attention关注。根据下文“and so my aunt arra

78、nged to buy one of the puppies once they had been weaned （断奶）.”可知，阿姨要等到小狗断奶后买一只，所以在这之前应该是这只狗生下一对小狗。give birth to，生孩子。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. buy 买；B. borrow借；C. steal偷；D. rent租。根据下文“Finally, my aunts neighbour gave up and offered her a refund （退款）”（最后，我阿姨邻居放弃了并给我阿姨退款）可知，阿姨是要买一只小狗。故选A项。【23题详解】考查

79、形容词词义辨析。句意：把小狗带回家的日子到来了，孩子们都很高兴；他们高兴地给它起名叫“小不点”，马上就欢迎它，给它准备了食物，并在篮子里给它铺了一张舒服的床。A. cautious谨慎的；B. cheerful高兴的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. allergic过敏的。根据下文“they named it Shorty happily”可知，孩子们高兴地给这只小狗起名字，所以孩子们是高兴的。故选B项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. merely只是；B. frequently频繁地；C. immediately立即；D. temporarily暂时。根据前文“they n

80、amed it Shorty happily” 和下文 “preparing its food and a comfortable 5 in a basket.”可知，孩子们先是高兴地给这只小狗起名字然后又给它准备食物和床的，所以孩子们是立即欢迎这只小狗。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bed床；B. seat 座位；C. net网：D. bag包。根据常识，萌宠驾到，孩子们应该是给小狗安排睡觉的地方，故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，孩子们给了它一些牛奶，和它吻别，然后就去上学了。A. looking out 留心，提防；B. heading

81、off 启程、离开；C. taking away 带走，拿走； D. coming up 提出，出现。根据下文“When they returned, they were 7 to discover that Shorty was missing.”（当他们从学校回来时，他们惊恐地发现小不点不见了）可知，孩子们是启程去上学。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们从学校回来时，他们惊恐地发现小不点不见了。A. alarmed担忧的，惊恐的；B. relieved感到宽慰的，放心的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. ashamed羞愧的，内疚的。根据下文“that Sho

82、rty was missing.”小不点不见了。可知，孩子们是感到惊恐的。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一寸一寸地找遍了整幢房子，可是哪儿也找不到。A. discovered发现；B. cleaned打扫；C. searched寻找；D. explored探索。根据下文“9 it was nowhere to be found.”（哪儿也找不到）可知，孩子们搜寻小狗。故选C项。【29题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们一寸一寸地找遍了整幢房子，可是哪儿也找不到。A. so因此；B. though尽管；C. or或；D. but但是。根据上文“They 8 the whol

83、e house inch by inch”（他们一寸一寸地找遍了整幢房子）及下文“9 it was nowhere to be found.”（哪儿也找不到。）可知，空格处前后是转折关系。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个小时后，卖小狗给他们的邻居抱着小不点过来道歉。A. parent父母；B. friend朋友；C. relative 亲属；D. neighbor邻居。根据上文“Her neighbors dog had given 1 to a couple of puppies a few weeks earlier and so my aunt arranged to

84、 2 one of the puppies once they had been weaned（断奶）.” （阿姨邻居的狗几周前生下一对小狗，阿姨打算一旦小狗断奶后就买一只）可知，小不点是从邻居那买来的，故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. praising赞扬；B. apologizing道歉；C. promising许诺；D. blaming责备。根据上下文语境，邻居把小狗卖给了阿姨，而小狗又跑回去了。可知，邻居是过来给阿姨道歉。故选B项。【32题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：阿姨和她的邻居好几天都没能把小狗养在它的新家，因为狗妈妈每天都要把它领走。A. in vain

85、 徒劳地，白费力气地；B. in turn依次，反过来；C. on purpose故意地；D. on time按时。根据下文“Finally, my aunts neighbour gave up and offered her a refund （退款）.”（ 最后, 阿姨的邻居放弃了并给她退款）可知，阿姨和她邻居的努力是白费力气。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. feed喂养；B. kiss吻；C. bite 咬；D. fetch去取。根据上下文语境，一连几天阿姨和她邻居试投将小狗养在它的新家，因为狗妈妈每天都去将小狗领回来。故选D项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析

86、。句意：我开始意识到，母爱流淌在你可以想象的所有地方，甚至在动物的王国里。A. just仅仅，只是；B. yet还，但是；C. even甚至；D. still仍然。根据上文“I came to realize that mothers love is flowing all over the places you can imagine ,”（我开始意识到，母爱流淌在你可以想象的所有地方）母爱应该是人类才有的，可作者说母爱可以流淌在任何你可以想象的所有地方。及下文“in the kingdom of animals.”（在动物王国里）所以，作者的意思是“甚至在动物王国里”，表示一种递进关系，故

87、选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：顺便说一下，如果你想要养一只小狗作为你的小伙伴，你最好与狗妈妈保持一定的距离。A. toy玩具；B. guard守卫；C. companion同伴；D. colleague同事。根据生活常识人们养狗大部分是作为陪伴自己的宠物。故选C项。【点睛】第卷第三部分 语言运用 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Stephanie Jenouvrier at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution found the future of e

88、mperor penguins (帝企鹅)depended on international efforts to manage climate change rather than on their _36_ (able)to adapt to new environment. Climate change, if _37_(leave)unchecked, could drive emperor penguins to extinction (灭绝)by the end of the century as sea ice disappears.Disappearing sea ice af

89、fects these penguins _38_ (direct) because they rely on it for their living. Sea ice changes are already affecting emperor penguins, with breeding failures for three years in a row at their second _39_ (big) living place in the Antarctic._40_ (examine )the future of emperor penguins, Jenouvirer and

90、her team _41_(model)their population under three scenarios (设想)：global temperature increases by 1.5C; global temperature increases by 2C; no action _42_ (take) to reduce emissions(排放物). They wanted to see _43_ would happen if emissions kept rising. They found that global warming of 1.5C would cause

91、a 31 percent fall, _44_2C a 44 percent fall. The result was _45_ 81 to 86 per cent fall in population by 2100 under the third scenario, said Jenouvrier.【答案】36. ability 37. left 38. directly 39. biggest 40. To examine 41. modeled 或 modelled 42. is taken 43. what 44. and 45. an【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了伍兹

92、霍尔海洋研究所的Stephanie Jenouvrier发现，帝企鹅的未来取决于国际社会应对气候变化的努力，而不是它们适应新环境的能力。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：伍兹霍尔海洋研究所的Stephanie Jenouvrier发现，帝企鹅的未来取决于国际社会应对气候变化的努力，而不是它们适应新环境的能力。该空作介词on的宾语，前面有形容词性物主代词their修饰，该空用名词。ability表示抽象意义的“能力”，为不可数名词，所以填ability。【37题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：气候变化如果任其发展，随着海冰的消失，帝企鹅将在本世纪末灭绝。这里是条件状语从句的省略。原句为：if it wa

93、s left unchecked，条件状语从句中主语是it，且含有be动词，所以可以把主语和be动词同时省略。条件状语从句中使用了虚拟语气，是对现在情况的虚拟，条件从句用一般过去时，“it”和“leave”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填left。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：消失的海冰直接影响到这些企鹅，因为它们靠海冰为生。该空修饰动词affects，用副词，所以填directly。【39题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：海冰的变化已经对帝企鹅产生了影响，它们在南极的第二大栖息地连续三年繁育失败。前面有序数词second修饰，这里用形容词最高级，所以填biggest。【40题详解】考查不定式

94、。文中表示“为了研究帝企鹅的未来”，用不定式作目的状语，句子第一个单词首字母大写，所以填To examine。【41题详解】考查时态。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填modeled 或 modelled。【42题详解】考查时态和语态。根据global temperature increases by 1.5C; global temperature increases by 2C可知这里在描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时。action和take之间是被动关系，用被动语态，action表示“行动”时，是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，所以填is taken。【43题详解】考查宾语从句。_8

95、_ would happen是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，表示“什么”，所以填what。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：他们发现，全球变暖1.5摄氏度将导致31%的下降，2摄氏度将导致44%的下降。1.5C would cause a 31 percent fall 和2C a 44 percent fall之间是并列关系，用连词and，所以填and。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：“在第三种情况下，结果是到2100年数量将减少81%到86%，”Jenouvrier说。fall当“下降”讲时，是可数名词，泛指“一个下降”，81是以元音音素开头的单词，所以填不定冠词an。第四部分写作(

96、共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46. 假设你是李华，下周一你校拟面向外国留学生组织关于“北京冬奥会”的讲座，请你以学生会的名义写一则书面通知，告知相关事宜，要点包括：1.讲座的时间和地点；2.主讲人和主要内容；3.欢迎大家积极参与。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；【答案】NOTICETo help you have a better understanding of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games，our school will organize a lecture for us. As schedul

97、ed, we will meet at 5:30 p.m. on Monday at the school lecture hall. The one-hour lecture, will be given by Professor Li Qiang，who is an expert in P.E. and Olympics. Current situation and relevant information of the Games will be introduced. Please prepare your questions in advance for Mr. Li.Your ac

98、tive participation is highly appreciated.The Student Union【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以学生会的名义写一则书面通知，告知下周一你校拟面向外国留学生组织关于“北京冬奥会”的讲座。【详解】1.词汇积累当前的：Current Present作讲座：give a lecture deliver a lecture提前：in advance beforehand相关的：relevant = related2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：To help you have a better understanding of Bei

99、jing 2022 Winter Olympic Games，our school will organize a lecture for us. 拓展句：In order that Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games can be better understood，our school will organize a lecture for us.【点睛】高分句型1 To help you have a better understanding of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games，our school will orga

100、nize a lecture for us. (运用了不定式作目的状语)高分句型2 The one-hour lecture, will be given by Professor Li Qiang，who is an expert in P.E. and Olympics. (运用了who引导的定语从句)第二节读后续写(满分25分)47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。In our kitchen,there was a wooden table and three chairs-one for Pa,one for Ma,and one for me.I tr

101、ied not to look at Pas empty place.Pa had gone to the city to look for work.He had been gone for a long time.Every night,lying awake in bed,I waited for the train to stop,waited for the sound of his work boots dropping on the step,and waited for his voice calling,“Im home!Every night,as I lay there,

102、I stared at the window and the curtains Ma made from empty flour sacks(面粉袋）。Sometimes the train stopped-for someone else s Pa coming home.Not mine,not yet.Every night,Ma came to kiss me good-night-after the train had gone by.She had been listening,too. “Go to sleep.Your Pa will be home soon.Maybe fo

103、r Thanksgiving.”How could I be thankful without my Pa?I went to sleep with the sound of train wheels in my head,whispering,“Maybe tomorrow,maybe tomorrow.”One morning,the smell of coffee woke me.I ran into the kitchen.There he was!Pa lifted me onto his shoulders.Hows my boy?Youve gotten so big that

104、I can barely lift you up anymore.”He put me down,and I stared at the two sacks on the table.One said FLOUR.I tried reading the other: S-U-G-A-R.Pa whistled admiringly and winked(眨眼）at me.Ma didnt say no when Pa sprinkled(撒）a bit of that precious white sugar on my bread.Ma said,Im going to bake a pie

105、 for your Pas homecoming dinner.Go downstairs,Jimmy,and bring me that jar of apples.She smiled at me with amind nowlook.There was no need.I knew how to be careful.It was the last jar-the one we had been saving and saving to welcome Pa home.When Pa comes home,there ll be apple pic.I could hardly reme

106、mber what pies tasted like.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1:I took the steps two at a time._Paragraph 2:Seeing this,I felt like crying._【答案】Paragraph 1：I took the steps two at a time. I stood on tiptoes to take down the jar. With both my hands around it, I hurried upstairs,

107、thinking fondly of the delicious taste. Suddenly, my bare feet caught on the middle one. Losing balance, I reached out my hands to steady myself, but in vain. The jar slipped through my fingers and smashed on the hard-as- rock mud floor. Bits of apple flew everywhere. A river of glass glittered up a

108、t meBits of apple flew everywhere. A river of glass glittered up at meParagraph 2：Seeing this felt like crying. The last jar！“I should have been more careful.” Hearing the sound Ma and Pa raced down the stairs. Are you hurt? Ma asked anxiously. I raised my teary eyes and apologized in a choked voice

109、. Never mind. Son, accidents happen. Pa winked at me, “What about a sugar pie？” back to the kitchen, we baked the sugar pic together for Thanksgiving dinner, with a sweet atmosphere floating around us.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者思念爸爸，在感恩节前夕期待爸爸回家，准备做带馅的苹果派欢迎爸爸回家。【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：我一下迈两步。，所以应该

110、写取罐子的过程。要详细描述取罐子时发生的失误，双脚失去平衡，罐子摔在地上，苹果洒落满地的场景。第二段开头是：看到这一幕我想哭。本段应该写听到声音爸爸妈妈下楼关心地问有没有受伤，并安慰作者，最后爸爸回到厨房大家一起烤了糖饼作为感恩节晚餐。【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：take down，reached out，anxiously等高级词汇；“The jar slipped through my fingers and smashed on the hard-as- rock mud floor.运用了并列句，“With both my hands around it, I hurried upstairs, thinking fondly of the delicious taste.”运用了with的复合结构和非谓语动词等高级句式。