《100所名校》湖南省师范大学附属中学2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷 WORD版含解析.doc

1、此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 2018-2019学年湖南省师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末考试英 语注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解Last year, I lived in Chile fo

2、r half a year. I lived with a Chilean family and had the responsibilities of any Chilean teenager. I had good days and bad days I didnt understand.Chuquicamata, my host community, is a mining camp. When I arrived there, I was scared. It was so different from what I was used to. There were lots of do

3、gs on the streets, and there was no downtown, few smoothly paved streets, and little to do for entertainment. Rain was not seen very often, earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class. But in my first wee

4、k in Chile I was only able to communicate and needed one person to whom I could explain my shock. I couldnt speak the thoughts in my head and there were so many.Most exchange students experience this like me. Culture shock presents itself in everything from increased aggression towards the people to

5、 lack of appetite (食欲). I was required to overcome all difficulties.As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget the words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food. I got used to not depending on expensive things for fun. Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people. And I took

6、 math, physics, chemistry, biology, Spanish, art, and philosophy.But the sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain. I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture. I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others.1The author came to Chile last year with the purpose of _.Apay

7、ing a visit to Chile as a touristBexperiencing Chilean life as a teacherCstudying Chilean culture as a college studentDstudying knowledge as an exchange student2On arriving in Chile, why did the author feel frightened?ABecause he did not know how to get along with the local people.BBecause it was fu

8、ll of dangers like earthquakes and windstorms.CBecause the living conditions were worse than what he was used to.DBecause it was not convenient for him to shop there.3In the first week in Chile, the author _.Awas not used to eating Chilean foodBhad some friends to have a chat withCcouldnt communicat

9、e with peopleDcouldnt express his thoughts in English4What did the author most probably think of his life in Chile?AWonderful and worthwhile.BDifficult but meaningful.CDifficult and meaningless.DBoring and disappointing.Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and u

10、niversities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.In the early years, these schools were much alike. Only young men went to colleges. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known abou

11、t science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of them become ministers or teachers.In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Ha

12、rvards law school. In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began teaching American history.As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that inte

13、rested them.Today there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal with special fields of learning. Theres so much to learn that one kind of school can offer it all.5From the second paragraph, we can see that in the early years, _.Ath

14、ose colleges and universities were almost the sameBpeople, young or old, might study in the collegesCthe students studied only some languages and scienceDwhen the students finished their school, they became lawyers or teachers6As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach _.Aeverything that was kn

15、ownBlaw and something about medicineCmany new subjectsDthe subjects that interested students7On the whole, the passage is about _.Ahow to start a universityBthe world-famous colleges in AmericaChow colleges have changedDwhat kind of lessons each college teachesWhenever we see a button, we are eager

16、to press it because we know something will happen. This is true in most cases, for example on a doorbell and on the “on/off” button on the TV. But some buttons are actually fake, like the “close” button on a lift.Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they dont have the

17、patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts, “close” buttons are a complete scam, at least in the USthe doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US, making sure that all lifts stayed ope

18、n long enough so that people with disabilities could enter. Only US firefighters and repairmen can use the buttons to speed up the door-closing process if they have a code or special keys.But to normal lift riders, the buttons arent completely useless. According to psychologists, fake buttons can ac

19、tually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.“Perceived (能够感知的) control is very important. It reduces stress and increases well-being,” Ellen J. Langer, a psychology professor, said, “Having a lack of control is associated with depression.”Experts have revealed that a lot of button

20、s that dont do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose. For example, many offices in the US have fake thermostats (温度调节器) because people tend to feel better when they think they can control the temperature in their workspace.But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are

21、aware of these little “white lies”, they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.“That habit is here to stay,” John Kounios, a psychology professor, said, Even though I have real doubts about the traffic light buttons

22、, I always press them. After all, Ive got nothing else to do while waiting. So why not press the button in the hope that this one will work?”8What was the authors main purpose in writing the article?ATo describe some different kinds of fake buttons.BTo analyze the functions of fake buttons.CTo explo

23、re people different habits when it comes to pushing buttons.DTo explain the advantages and disadvantages of fake buttons.9What does the underlined word “scam” mean?ATrick. BTool. CButton. DScan.10According to John Kounios, people who press fake buttons _.Adont know that what they press is fakeBshoul

24、d give up this habitCconsider what they do to be meaninglessDprobably do so to kill time二、七选五How to Turn Your Goals into HabitsFirst we make our habits, then our habits make us. Its such a simple concept, yet its something we dont always do.I believe that having ONE goal to focus on is much more pow

25、erful than having many goals. By putting the belief into practice, I have achieved a lot of personal goals over time.11. My answer takes a little explaining. I try to turn my goals into habits, and in doing so! I put my goals on autopilot (自动化). Turning a goal into a habit means really focusing on i

26、t for at least a month. The more you can focus, the more itll be on autopilot.12. Youll still do it, but you only have to use minimal force to maintain it, and you can focus on your next goal or habit.Take my marathon goal as an example. I was just starting running and had the brilliant idea to run

27、a marathon within a year. So that was my goal.13. First, I had to make running a daily habit. Second, I had to report to people in order to have accountability (负责) so that I could not quit easily. I focused on the daily running habit for about a month, and didnt have any other goals or habits. When

28、 the running habit stuck, I started reporting to people I knew and blogging about my running every day.14. I could focus on new goals without having to worry about the marathon. I still had to do the running, of course, but it didnt require constant focus. And eventually, I ran the first marathon in

29、 my life. I was able to achieve this because, all year long, I had daily running and accountability habits.15, so instead of struggling with it daily for an entire year, I focused on it for one month and was able to accomplish it while focusing on new habits and goals.AI put my marathon goal on auto

30、pilotBAt the beginning, it was very difficult for me to achieve this goalCBut in order to achieve it, I broke it down into two habitsDWith this accountability, theres no way I could stop runningE. Once you put it on autopilot, you dont have to focus on it muchF. My readers asked me how I was able to

31、 achieve them while working on different projectsG. Once those two habits were established, my marathon goal was pretty much on autopilot三、完形填空One afternoon, my son Adam asked me, “Are all people the same even if they are different in color?”I thought for a minute, and then I said, “Ill explain, 16

32、you can just wait until we make a quick 17 at the grocery store. I have something 18 to show you. ”At the grocery store, we 19 some applesred, green and yellow ones. Back home. I told Adam, “Its time to 20 your question.” I put one apple of each 21 on the table. Then I looked at Adam, who had a 22 l

33、ook on his face.“People are like apples. They come in all 23 colors, shapes and sizes. On the 24 , some of the apples may not 25 look as delicious as the others.” As I was talking, Adam was 26 each one carefully.Then, I took each of the apples and peeled (削皮) them, 27 them back on the table, but 28

34、a different place.“Okay, Adam, tell me which is which”He said, “I 29 tell. They all look the same now.” “Take a bite of 30 . See if that helps you 31 which one is which. ”He took 32 , and then a huge smile came across his face. “People are 33 like apples! They are all different, but once you 34 the

35、outside, theyre pretty much the same on the inside.”He totally 35 it. I didnt need to say or do anything else.16Aalthough Bso Cbecause Dif17Astop Bstart Cturn Dstay18Achallenging Bencouraging Cdisappointing Dinteresting19Abought Bcounted Csaw Dcollected20Acheck Bmention Canswer Dimprove21Asize Btype

36、 Cshape Dclass22Aworried Bsatisfied Cproud Dcurious23Aordinary Bnormal Cdifferent Dregular24Aoutside Bwhole Ctable Dinside25Astill Beven Conly Dever26Aexamining Bmeasuring Cdrawing Dpacking27Akeeping Bplacing Cpuling Dgiving28Aon Btoward Cfor Din29Amustnt Bcant Cshouldnt Dneednt30Aeach one Beach oth

37、er Cthe other Done other31Aadmit Bconsider Cdecide Dbelieve32Abig bites Bdeep breaths Ca firm hold Da close look33Ajust Balways Cmerely Dseldom34Aput away Bget down Chand out Dtake off35Amade Btook Cgot Ddid第II卷（非选择题）七、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Oprah Winfrey is not just an 36 (extreme) suc

38、cessful TV personality in the US, but she is also a woman who 37 (inspire) millions so far. In her television shows she makes 38 possible to talk about great moments and difficulties in peoples lives. She has helped thousands of men and women come to terms with things 39 bother them and that they co

39、uld not talk about with others. Oprahs programme about literature, 40 which she reviews books, is very popular. When she praises a book, it 41 (become) a best-seller. Her life and her success are 42good example for many women.Oprah Winfreys wonderful career inspires many people 43 (believe) that suc

40、cess and 44 (happy) in life are within reach for everyone. Her life shows 45 (we) that hard work and discipline are the road to self-improvement, and success lies somewhere along that road.八、根据所给汉语意思完成句子46The little boy was _ about the world around him and walked into the lab out of. (curious)47Howa

41、rd Carter was a famous _ (explore) and he made his most amazing _ (discover) in Egypt in 1922.48His name will _ (载入史册) with those of Yuri Gagarin and Alan Shepard.49The people of China can be proud of Yang Liwei, and young people all over the world can _ (钦佩，尊敬) him as an example of a man who manage

42、d to _ (实现他的梦想).50We leave London on 15 July, and we _ (take) a flight to Morocco, in northern Africa.51万一有什么重要事情，你可以打电话给我。(in case)_52你可以借阅任何一本你喜欢的书。(whichever)_53如果这些病毒被人体吸入，它们就可能导致疾病甚至死亡。(省略句)_九、图表作文54假如你是李华，你的笔友Bob将从加拿大来长沙看你。你将和你的好友林涛一起陪同Bob在长沙度假。现请你给Bob写一封电子邮件，介绍你的好友林涛。林涛的具体信息见下面表格，你可以选择你认为最重要的

43、三至五个信息进行介绍。要求:1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)2.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。NameLin Tao; David (English name)Basic Factsboy; 16 years old； from Changsha; studying in SDFZCharacteristicsmild, curious and optimisticFavorite subjectsMaths, Chemistry and EnglishHobbiesplaying football, reading and travellingDreamsstudying

44、 for a PhD and working for a research organizationSpecial experiencestook part in a scientific research program on virus and won the status of candidate to Peking UniversityDear Bob,_Love!Li Hua2018-2019学年湖南省师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末考试英 语 答 案1 D 2 C 3 A 4 B 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过展示了作者在智利作为交换生的经历，给我们讲述了这段经历虽然很困难

45、但是却给作者带来了很大的收获。1细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句：Last year I lived in Chile for half a year as an exchange student with the American Field Service. 可知作者到智利作为交换生，故选D。2细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句：When I arrived here, I was scared. It was so different from the urban middle-class America I was accustomed to.可知这里的生活和作者所习惯的生活有很大的差距

46、。故选C。3细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句：But in my first week in Chile I was only able to communicate and needed one person to whom I could explain my shock. I couldnt speak the thoughts in my head -and there were so many.可知在最初的一周里作者沟通不愉快，故选A。4推理判断题。根据文章可知作者在这儿的生活虽然很困难但是却是值得的，故选B。5 A 6 D 7 C 【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。这篇短文主要介绍了

47、哈佛大学始于1636年，在美国是最古老的学院。耶鲁、普林斯顿、哥伦比亚大学和达特茅斯在哈佛后不久就建立了。这些大学在建成后的初期，只有男士可以入校学习，所教科目比较单一，对科学是知之甚少。随着社会的发展，这些大学建立了更小的学校以教给学生不同领域的知识。5细节理解题。由第二段开头三句In the early years，these schools were much alikeOnly young men went to collegeAll the students studied the same subjects，and everyone learned Latin，Greek and

48、Hebrew可知，早期的大学都很相似，只有年轻男子可以上大学，所有学生学习一样的课程，故正确答案为A。6推理判断题。由倒数第二段As knowledge increased，Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjectsStudents were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them可知，随着知识积累的增加，大学开始教授学生们许多新课程，学生可以从中选择他们喜欢的课程，D项与原文一致，故正确答案为D。7主旨大意题。由文中每段开头 In the early y

49、ears、In 1782、As knowledge increased 和 Today 可知，文章从大学最初的少数的单一形态，到后来学校的数量越来越多，而且所教的科目也越来越多，到现如今大学里由多种不同的学院、学科，多到一所学校不能教的完全，全文依据时间顺序介绍了大学的变化，故正确答案为C。8 B 9 A 10 D 【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了生活中在很多场合都有许多假按钮。虽然是假的，但是在许多人看来，尤其是心理专家看来，可以给人们减压，增加愉快感。8写作意图题。本文主要介绍了生活中出现的假按钮，并且分析了它们给人们带来的各个方面的作用，根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了假按

50、钮的功能能够满足人们的控制感，故选B项。9词义猜测题。根据划线部分句子“Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they dont have the patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts, “close” buttons are a complete scam, at least in the USthe doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.”

51、句意：许多人习惯按下“关门”按钮，因为他们没有耐心等电梯门关上。但是电梯，“关闭”按钮是一个完全的骗局，至少在美国，门不会更快关闭，无论你怎么用力按。故可知scam意思为“骗局”，故选A。10推理判断题。根据最后一段Even though I have real doubts about the traffic light buttons, I always press them. After all, Ive got nothing else to do while waiting. So why not press the button in the hope that this one

52、will work?”可知，尽管我对交通灯按钮有疑问，但我总是按按钮。毕竟，我在等待的时候没有别的事要做，按假按钮可以消磨时间。故选D。11 F 12 E 13 C 14 G 15 A 【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了讲目标变为的爱好的建议。11根据上文 By putting the belief into practice, I have achieved a lot of personal goals over time. 以及下文 My answer takes a little explaining. 可知，此处应该是对如何实现目标一事的询问。F项意为“我的读者问我如何能够

53、在完成不同的项目时实现这些目标”，承上启下，符合语境。故选F。12结合下文 you can focus on your next goal or habit 可知，此处应是不用对目标过于关注。E项意为“一旦你把它放在自动驾驶仪上，你就不必太关注它了”，引出下文，符合语境。故选E。13根据上文 So that was my goal. 和下文 running a daily habit 和 report to people in order 可知，“我”为了实现马拉松计划养成了两种习惯。C项意为“但为了实现这一目标，我把它分成两种习惯”。承上启下，符合语境。故选C。14根据文章第二段第五句 I

54、try to turn my goals into habits, and in doing so, I put my goals on autopilot. 可知，“我”试着把“我”的目标变成习惯，在这样做的时候，相当于“我”把目标放在自动驾驶仪上。G项意为“一旦养成了这两个习惯，我的马拉松目标就几乎自动完成了”，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。15结合下文so instead of struggling with it daily for an entire year, I focused on it for one month and was able to accomplish it wh

55、ile focusing on new habits and goals.可知作者花了一个月的时间专注于它，并且能够在专注于新的习惯和目标的同时完成它，可知作者是将这个目标设为自动实现，所以可以每天专注于它。故选A。16 D 17 A 18 D 19 A 20 C 21 B 22 D 23 C 24 A 25 B 26 A 27 B 28 D 29 B 30 A 31 C 32 A 33 A 34 D 35 C 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过几个苹果告诉儿子：跟苹果一样，人都是一样的，只是他们的颜色不同而已，人的外表不一样，但是人的内心都一样16考查连词辨析。Aalthough虽然；

56、Bso 因此；Cbecause因为，Dif如果。根据句意：如果你可以等我停在杂货店，我会让你看一些有趣的事情。所填词引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，所以选D。17考查动词词义辨析。Astop停止，Bstart开始，Cturn转弯，Dstay停留。stop 与谓语动词 make 构成短语，意思是做短暂的停留；make a start 构成短语，开始，起程；make a turn轮流；make a stay呆在某地，都与题干意思不符。所以选A。18考查形容词词义辨析。Aexpressive表达的；Bencouraging奖励的，可鼓励的；Cinformative表达的；Dinteresting令人

57、感兴趣的，有趣的。本句的意思是我有有趣的东西给你看所以选D。19考查动词词义辨析。Abought买，Bcounted数，计算，Csaw看见，Dcollected收集。根据下文可知我买了几个苹果回家，由grocery store可知此处选A。20考查动词词义辨析。Acheck检查，Bmention提及，Canswer回答，Dimprove提高。上文可知儿子提出一个问题，我现在是回答他的问题。所以选C。21考查名词词义辨析。Asize尺寸，Btype类型，Cshape形状，Dclass等级。这里是指我从每种苹果里面拿一个放在盘子里，所以选B。22考查形容词词义辨析。Aworried担心的，Bsat

58、isfied满意的，Cproud骄傲的，Dcurious好奇的。看到我这样做，儿子很好奇，所以选D。23考查形容词词义辨析。Aordinary普通的，Bnormal正常的，Cdifferent不同的，Dregular定期的。指苹果和人一样，都有不同的外形，所以选C。24考查形容词词义辨析。Aoutside外面，Bwhole整个的，Ctable桌子，Dinside里面。这里是指在外形上，有些苹果甚至看上去没有别的苹果可口，所以选A。25考查副词辨析。Astill仍然，Beven甚至，Conly只有，Dever曾经。有些苹果甚至看上去没有别的苹果可口，所以选B。26考查动词词义辨析。Aexamin

59、ing检查，Bmeasuring衡量，Cdrawing画画，Dpacking收拾行李。这里是指儿子正在仔细检查每个苹果，所以选A。27考查动词词义辨析。Akeeping保持，Bplacing放置，Cpulling拖，拉，Dgiving给。我把一些苹果削了皮以后，放在了不同的盘子里让儿子辨认，所以选B。28考查介词辨析。Aon在上面，Btoward朝着，Cfor为了，Din在里面。所填介词与后文的名词 place 构成短语，意思是 在地方，用in，所以选D。29考查情态动词辨析。Amustnt禁止，Bcant 不能，Cshouldnt不应该，Dneednt不需要。这里是指儿子不能辨认出，此处情态

60、动词表能力，所以选B。30考查代词。Aeach one每个，Beach other彼此，Cthe other另一个，Done another彼此。这里是指我让儿子每个苹果咬一口，所以选A。31考查动词辨析和句意理解Aadmit承认，Bconsider考虑，Cdecide决定，Dbelieve相信，这里是指咬一口能不能帮助你决定哪个是哪个所以选C。32考查名词短语辨析。Abig bites咬大口，Bdeep breaths深呼吸，Ca firm hold有力的握手，Da close look仔细看。根据前文的 take a bite if可知此处是指儿子咬了一大口，所以选A。33考查副词辨析。A

61、just仅仅，Balways总是，Cmerely仅仅，常用于否定句中；Dseldom很少。句意指苹果就像人一样，表面不一样，一旦脱掉外衣，就完全一样了，所以选A。34考查短语辨析。Aput away收好，储存；Bget down写下，记下；Chand out分发； Dtake off起飞，脱掉，去掉。句子意思是 但是一旦去掉其外皮，所以选D。35考查固定用法。Amade it成功，Btook it买下，Cgot it明白了； Ddid it做了。根据语境可知我完全是明白了这个道理，所以选C。36 extremely 37 has inspired 38 it 39 t hat/which 40

62、 in/on 41 will become 42 an 43 to believe 44 happiness 45 us 【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述的是一个美国的名人Oprah Winfrey，出生很差，但是通过自己的个人努力，克服了很多的困难，实现了人生理想的故事。36考查副词。句意：奥普拉温弗瑞不仅是美国一位非常成功的电视名人，她也是一位至今为止激励了数百万人的女性。Successful为形容词，需要副词修饰，故填extremely。37考查动词时态。根据后文so far“到目前为止”可知本句用现在完成时has inspired。38考查代词。句意：在她的电视节目中，她使

63、谈论人们生活中的伟大时刻和困难成为可能。Make后跟形式宾语it指代后文的真正宾语，故填it。39考查定语从句连词。句意：她帮助成千上万的男人和女人接受困扰他们的事情，他们不能和别人谈论。定语从句修饰先行词things，且先行词在从句中充当主语，指物，故可用that或者which。40考查介词。句意：奥普拉的文学评论节目非常受欢迎。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构的定语从句，先行词在从句中充当状语，in the program“在节目中”用介词in，故填in。41考查时态。句意：当她称赞一本书时，它就会成为畅销书。此处表将来意味，故用一般将来时will become。42考查冠词。Example为

64、元音音素开头的可数名词，此处为单数，表泛指，故用不定冠词an。43考查非谓语。句意：奥普拉温弗瑞(Oprah Winfrey)的精彩职业生涯激励着许多人相信，成功和幸福对每个人来说都是触手可及的。固定短语inspire sb. to do sth.“激励某人做某事”后跟不定式to believe。44考查名词。根据上文的success可知此处应用名词形式happiness。45考查人称代词。她的生活告诉我们勤奋和自律是自我完善之路，成功就在这条路上。此处做谓语动词show的宾语，应用宾格us。46 curious/curiosity 47 explorer discovery 48 go do

65、wn in history 49 look up to live his dream 50 will be taking 51 You can call me in case anything important happens. 52 You can borrow whichever book you like. 53 If breathed in, the viruses can result in illness or even death. 【解析】【分析】考查重点单词短语和固定句型。46句意：小男孩对周围的世界很好奇，就走进了实验室。Be动词后跟形容词或者名词做表语，故填curiou

66、s或curiosity。47句意：霍华德卡特是一位著名的探险家，1922年他在埃及有了最惊人的发现。Famous为形容词，修饰名词，表示一种职业，故第一空填explorer；amazing为形容词，修饰名词，故填discovery。48句意：他的名字将与Yuri Gagarin和Alan Shepard的名字一起载入史册。固定短语go down in history“载入史册”。49句意：中国人民可以为杨利伟感到骄傲，全世界的年轻人都可以把他作为实现自己梦想的榜样。固定短语look up to“敬佩；骄傲”； live ones dream“实现某人的梦想”。50句意：我们将于7月15日离开伦

67、敦，然后乘飞机去北非的摩洛哥。表示未来将要发生的动作，故用一般将来时will take。51固定短语in case“万一；假设”，注意“重要的事情”，形容词修饰不定代词要后置，译为anything important。故句子译为You can call me in case anything important happens.。52本句为宾语从句，“任何一本”译为whichever book，故句子为You can borrow whichever book you like.53本句为if引导的条件状语从句的省略，当if引导时间状语从句中，当主句的主语和从句的主语相一致时，常省略跟主句相同

68、的主语和be动词，只剩下主要部分。故译为If breathed in, the viruses can result in illness or even death.。【点睛】live ones dream和achieve ones dream辨析live ones dream,动词是live,强调状态,这个人为梦想而活，如第四小题中强调为梦想而活，故用live ones dream。achieve ones dream,动词是achieve,强调动作,这个人在追求梦想.意思大致相同.其他表示“实现梦想”的短语还有：make ones dream come true；realize ones

69、 dream。54Dear Bob,How are you? Your email reached me with pleasure yesterday. I am excited that you are coming to Changsha to spend this winter vacation. Now, Id like to introduce a good friend of mine, Lin Tao, who will accompany us during the holiday.Lin Tao is a classmate of mine who is from Chan

70、gsha, so he knows lots of interesting places here. Besides, he is a bright boy with rich knowledge, since he is always curious to discover the unknown, which earns him good performances in study. The most coincident thing is that he has the same dream as you doto study for a PhD and work for a resea

71、rch organization. And I think you must be excited to know his experiences of winning the status of candidate to Peking University!Im sure we three will have a wonderful winter vacation in Changsha. Write to me when you are free. See you soon!【解析】【分析】这是一篇属于图表作文类的应用文写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，要求为写一封电子邮件；你的笔友Bo

72、b将从加拿大来长沙看你。你将和你的好友林涛一起陪同Bob在长沙度假。现请你给Bob写一封电子邮件，介绍你的好友林涛。林涛的具体信息见下面表格，你可以选择你认为最重要的三至五个信息进行介绍。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：accompany（陪伴），with rich knowledge （有着丰富知识），discover the unknown（发现未知），good performances（良好表现），coincident（巧合），Peking University（北京大学）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的

73、连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Lin Tao is a classmate of mine who is from Changsha, so he knows lots of interesting places here.运用了定语从句；The most coincident thing is that he has the same dream as you doto study for a PhD and work for a research organization.运用了表语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。