2021-2022年新教材高中英语 UNIT 3 Times change! Section Ⅰ Starting out .doc

1、Starting out & Understanding ideas.阅读理解AInventors are always at work, dreaming up new technologies.Some inventions help us solve problems.Others make life easier, or more fun.Here, TFK (Time for Kids) presents 3 of our favorite inventions.See how they make us live a better life.Stopping SicknessChri

2、stine Schindler is an engineer.She wanted to help stop the spread of foodborne illnesses.So she created PATHSPOT.It uses light to scan a persons hands for harmful germs.Restaurant employees hold their hands beneath the scanner.Then the scanner judges whether they must be rewashed.About 100 locations

3、 have started using the product since it launched in May.Talking EyesFor people who are blind or have other visual problems, the ORCAM MYEYE 2 could be a game changer.It might also prove useful for people with reading difficulties.Described as “talking glasses”， this AI device can be attached to any

4、 eyeglass frame.It can identify faces.It can also read text aloud.Fitting all this power into such a small device is like “putting an elephant in a small closet”， says Amnon Shashua, the inventor of the technology.Now the device can be bought online.SportsafeResearch shows that playing football incr

5、eases the risk of brain injury.Still, about a million kids under the age of 13 play football, according to the Sports & Fitness Industry Association.Thats where the VICIS ZERO 1 YOUTH football helmet comes in.It has thick, forceabsorbing support on the front and sides, where kids are likely to take

6、the hardest hits on the field.Players on 1,500 youth teams have worn the helmet.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些科技新发明。1What is the function of PATHSPOT?AKilling the germs on hands.BChecking if hands are clean.CRewashing employees hands.DStopping the reproduction of germs.解析：选B细节理解题。根据题干关键词PATHSPOT可定位到Stopping

7、Sickness部分。根据So she created PATHSPOT.It uses light to scan a persons hands for harmful germs.可知，这个发明物是用来检查手上是否干净。故选B项。2Which of the following is the feature of Talking Eyes?ALownoise.BPortable.CSinglefunction.DPowersaving.解析：选B细节理解题。根据题干关键词Talking Eyes可定位到Talking Eyes部分。根据Described as “talking glass

8、es”， this AI device can be attached to any eyeglass frame.可知，这种眼镜方便携带。故选B项。3What can we learn about VICIS ZERO 1 YOUTH?AIt is available to the public now.BIt improves kids football skills.CIt is designed for kids under 13 only.DIts front and sides are the hardest.解析：选A推理判断题。根据题干关键词VICIS ZERO 1 YOUTH

9、 可定位到Sportsafe部分。根据Players on 1,500 youth teams have worn the helmet.可推知，这项发明已经被公众使用。故选A项。BBill Bowerman was a track coach.He wanted to help athletes run faster.So he had learned how to make running shoes.He had also started a shoe company with a friend.It was 1971.Running shoes at the time were hea

10、vy.They had spikes (鞋钉) on the sole (鞋底)The spikes tore up the track and slowed down runners.To make a lighter shoe, Bill tried the skins of fish.To make a better sole, he wanted to replace the spikes.Bill looked through his wife Barbaras jewelry box.He hoped to find a piece of jewelry with an inter

11、esting pattern.He would then copy the pattern onto the new soles.Nothing worked.Bill was stumped.Then, one Sunday morning, Barbara made Bill waffles (华夫饼) for breakfast.Bill watched her cook.He studied the cross pattern on their old waffle iron.Inspiration hit. The pattern on a waffle iron was just

12、what Bill was looking for.The squares were fatter and wider than sharp spikes.The pattern would help the shoes grip (抓牢) any surface without tearing into it.When Barbara left the house, Bill ran to his lab.He took the liquid chemicals that, when mixed, would harden into the sole of a shoe.He poured

13、the mixture into the waffle iron and the Waffle Trainer was born.Bills company put the Waffle Trainer on the market in 1974.It was a huge hit.Maybe youve heard of that company called Nike.And today its worth around 100 billion.It was the waffle iron that had changed the course of Bills life and help

14、ed turn Nike into a wellknown name.Today, the waffle iron is kept at Nike headquarters.It serves as a reminder that if we keep trying, we can find a solution to even the toughest problems.And those solutions can come from unlikely places, even the breakfast table.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了田径教练Bill Bowerman

15、因妻子早餐做的华夫饼激发了他对运动鞋设计的灵感，从此耐克成为一个家喻户晓的品牌。4What was wrong with the running shoes before the Waffle Trainer was made? AThey were easily worn out.BThe spikes hurt runners feet.CThe spikes were sharp and heavy.DThey were too expensive.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中Running shoes at the time were heavy.They had spikes(

16、鞋钉)on the sole(鞋底)The spikes tore up the track and slowed down runners.可知，那时候的运动鞋的鞋底上有鞋钉，导致运动鞋很重，运动员跑不快，而且鞋钉容易损坏跑道，故C项(鞋钉又尖又重)正确。5What does the underlined word “stumped” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AInspired.BDefeated.CSatisfied.DDoubted.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据前句Nothing worked.可知，Bill尝试了很多方法均没有成功。由此可知，他当时是被这

17、个问题难住了，只有B项(被打败的)符合文意。6What can we say about the birth of Waffle Trainer?AIt was made quite by accident.BIt was invented by Bills wife.CIt was based on many lab tests.DIt was supported by another company.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第二段中Then, one Sunday morning, Barbara made Bill waffles (华夫饼) for breakfast.Bill wa

18、tched her cook.He studied the cross pattern on their old waffle iron.及第三段中Inspiration hit.可知，Bill是在厨房看妻子做华夫饼的时候突然找到了制作运动鞋的灵感的。由此可以推断出，Waffle Trainer运动鞋的诞生是偶然的。故选A项。7What can we learn from Bills experience?AWhere theres a will, theres a way.BGood is rewarded with good.CTwo heads are better than one.D

19、A misfortune may turn out a blessing.解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中It serves as a reminder that if we keep trying, we can find a solution to even the toughest problems.可知，只要不断尝试，终能找到解决问题的办法。故选A项。CIt might sound like a terrible dream, but a new design from Dubaibased airline Emirates plans to remove windows from

20、 airplanes.Instead of reallife views of clouds and sky, firstclass passengers will look out of “virtual (虚拟的) windows”， enjoying projected views of the world passing by Emirates “windows” use real time hightech camera technology to provide virtual views of the outside world.Saj Ahmad, Chief analyst

21、at Strategic Aero Research says, “Windowless airplanes sound great however, in reality, it wont happen for a number of reasons.For starters, in the event of an emergency, people in the plane often need to look out for reference points.Having visual awareness is important and in a windowless jet, the

22、y dont exist especially if there is an electrical fault which then means that the electric windows do not work and you cant see outside.” Ahmad was also concerned about passenger comfort.“Passengers simply do love the natural view outside，” he says.“There are also other problems the change involved

23、would certainly require new tests.”Other futuristic airplane designs are going the opposite way.Boeings Dreamliner its most modern design features large windows.Airbus has also designed a plane with transparent (透明的) walls that is presented at the 2011 Paris Air Show.Embraer has planned the Kyoto ca

24、bin, designed for its Lineage 1000E aircraft, which features large windows running along the majority of the walls of the cabin.There could also be a move towards pilotless planes in the future but Ahmad applies his doubts about windowless planes to droneflown (无人驾驶的) planes, too.“The idea of window

25、less planes is possible that doesnt mean it will happen，” says Ahmad.“The same applies to drone technology but that doesnt mean that tomorrow were suddenly going to see all airplanes being flown without pilots.”语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了迪拜阿联酋航空公司的一项新设计。8What will Emirates new planes be like?AThey will be

26、pilotless.BThey will have open windows.CThey will present outside views on virtual windows.DThey will provide all passengers with windowless experiences.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，头等舱乘客将不再能看到真实的云和天空，而是能透过“虚拟窗口”欣赏窗外的世界。阿联酋航空的“窗口”使用实时高科技摄像机技术，提供外部世界的虚拟视图。即阿联酋航空的新飞机将在虚拟窗口上显示外部视图，故选C项。9What does Saj Ahmad thi

27、nk of the virtual windows?AUseful.BExpensive.CImpractical.DComfortable.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Saj Ahmad, Chief analyst at Strategic Aero Research says, “Windowless airplanes sound great however, in reality, it wont happen for a number of reasons.”可知，Saj Ahmad认为虚拟窗口是不现实的。故选C项。10How is the third paragraph

28、 developed?ABy giving examples.BBy making comparisons.CBy following space order.DBy explaining cause and effect.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，波音的梦幻客机是其最现代的设计，它的特点是大窗户。空中客车公司还设计了一种透明的飞机，在2011年巴黎航空展上展出。Embraer为其世系1000E飞机设计了Kyoto机舱，机舱的大部分墙壁上都有大窗户。由此可知，第三段是通过举例子来分析问题。故选A项。11What is the future of drone technology

29、 according to Saj Ahmad?AIt needs more skilled engineers.BIt will take time to develop.CIt will be widely applied.DIt is promising.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段中The idea of windowless planes is possible that doesnt mean it will happen和The same applies to drone technology but that doesnt mean that tomorrow were

30、suddenly going to see all airplanes being flown without pilots.可知，根据Saj Ahmad的说法，无人机技术的未来需要时间来研发。故选B项。.阅读七选五Light in a BottleThis is such a simple idea! Its a special lamp that needs and costs nothing to run.It wasnt invented by a famous scientist, but by a man called Alfredo Moser in Brazil sixteen

31、 years ago.In his hometown at the time, they had problems with electricity. 1 One day, Moser and his friends were talking about how they could create a signal in an emergency.One of them suggested using a bottle to reflect the light from the sun.This made Moser think. 2 All you need is a clean plast

32、ic bottle.Fill it with water and close it with a black top.The black top attracts the sun.A drop of bleach (漂白剂), the kind you use to clean the house, is added to the water to keep it clean.Then a small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light, and the bottle is pushed through th

33、e hole. 3 Its much stronger than the light from a candle!Moser shared his idea with his neighbors and his light bottles were fixed in the local supermarket.Ten years later, the MyShelter Foundation in the Philippines heard about Mosers idea. 4 Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140,000 homes thr

34、oughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries, too. 5 Moser lamps have surely made life easier for a lot of people!AWhy not use water to make light?BIn India, the bottles are used in countryside schools.CMoser was very good at making things around the home.DPeoples h

35、omes and small businesses were often left in the dark.EFollowing Mosers method, the organization started making lamps in 2011.FWhile theres sunlight outside, the light will be carried through the water into the room below.GMyShelter also offers training for people who want to earn money by fixing th

36、e lamps in their communities.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了莫泽发明了莫泽灯以及它给人们带来的便利。1选D根据前句In his hometown at the time, they had problems with electricity.可知，D项(人们的家和小企业经常处在黑暗中)与上文相呼应。D项中dark与上文中had problems with electricity相照应。2选A根据前句This made Moser think.可知，A项(为什么不用水来发光呢)承接上文，且A选项的问句形式与上文中的think相照应。3选F根据前文Then a

37、small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light, and the bottle is pushed through the hole.可知，F项(当外面有阳光的时候，光线会通过水进入下面的房间)解释前文开小洞的原因。4选E结合后文Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140,000 homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries, too.可知，E项(按照莫泽的方法，该组织于2011年开始生产灯具)引出后文的结果。5选B根据前文可知，B项(在印度，瓶子被用在乡下学校)和前文都介绍的是莫泽灯的广泛应用。B项中的In India与上文中的other countries相照应。