2021-2022年新教材高中英语 UNIT 5 A delicate world Section Ⅲ Developing ideas课后练习（含解析）外研版选择性必修第二册.doc

1、Developing ideas.阅读理解ASeeds on IceClose to the North Pole, the remote and rocky plateau mountain in the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard seems an unlikely spot for any global effort to safeguard agriculture.In this cold and deserted environment, no grains, no gardens, no trees can grow.Yet at the e

2、nd of a 130meterlong tunnel cut out of solid stone is a room filled with humanitys most precious treasure, the largest and most diverse seed collection more than a halfbillion seeds.A quiet rescue mission is under way.With growing evidence that unchecked climate change will seriously affect food pro

3、duction and threaten the diversity of crops around the world, the Svalbard Global Seed Vault represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties.This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits found within the seeds：t

4、he genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot, dry weather.Few people will ever see or come into contact with the contents of this vault.In sealed boxes, behind multiple locked doors, monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in belowz

5、ero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress.Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain，seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer.Seeds of some are capable of retaining their ability to

6、 grow for thousands of years.Everyone can look back now and say that the Seed Vault was a good and obvious idea, and that of course the Norwegian government should have approved and funded it.But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy, impractical, and expensive ide

7、a.We knew that nothing would provide a definite guarantee.But we were tired, fed up, and frankly scared of the steady losses of crop diversity.The Seed Vault was built by optimists who wanted to do something to preserve options so that humanity and the crops might be better prepared for change.If it

8、 simply resupplied seed gene banks with samples those gene banks had lost, this would repay our efforts.The Seed Vault is about hope and commitment about what can be done if countries come together and work cooperatively to accomplish something significant, longlasting, and worthy of who we are and

9、wish to be.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了种子基因库，也就是为未来的农业储存多种种子的地方。1Whats the Seed Vault according to the passage?AA tunnel where the collected seeds are displayed.BA stone room that contains the seeds of endangered crops.CA seed gene bank that stores diverse seeds for future agriculture.DA lab where researcher

10、s study how to maintain the diversity of crops.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段的内容及第二段中的the Svalbard Global Seed Vault represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties可知，the Seed Vault是一个种子基因库，储存不同的种子备未来之用。故选择C项。2What does the underlined word “viable” in Paragraph

11、 3 probably mean?AMature.BClean.CAlive.DValuable.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据画线词后的Seeds of some are capable of retaining their ability to grow for thousands of years.可知，有些种子能保持数千年的生长能力。所以画线词的意义应与之一致，即“可生存的”。故选择C项。3What does the third paragraph mainly tells us?AHow the seeds are preserved.BWhere people keep the see

12、ds.CWhy the seeds are protected.DWhat people do to study the seeds.解析：选A段落大意题。根据第三段中的In sealed boxes, behind multiple locked doors, monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in belowzero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock可知，该段主要介绍种子基因库的储存条件，故选择A项。4What can we learn from the passa

13、ge?AThe Seed Vault offers a solution to climate change.BMost countries took part in rescuing the seed varieties.CThe Seed Vault guarantees to prevent the loss of crop diversity.DMany people originally considered building the Seed Vault unwise.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，回过头来看，现在每个人都可以说种子库显而易见是一个好主意，挪威政府当然

14、应该批准并资助它。但早在2004年，当种子库这个想法被提出的时候，它被认为是一个疯狂、不切实际和昂贵的想法。由此推断D项正确。BCities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river.People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade.New York City, for example, is near a

15、 large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million.But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time.Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight.In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness (荒野)But gold was disco

16、vered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris.People went there for gold.They travelled over snowcovered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up

17、icy rivers.The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming.An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people.For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip.Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got r

18、ich.About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable.Necessities like food and wood were very expensive.But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found.The city was crowded with disappointed people with no int

19、erest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.Today, people still come and go to see where the Canadian gold rush happened.Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City its present population is 762.语篇解读：本文

20、是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大城市道森市的兴衰史。5What attracted the early settlers to New York City?AIts business culture.BIts small population.CIts geographical position.DIts favourable climate.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第一段前两句可知，人们选择在河边或港口设城是因为交通方便，便于做生意。而纽约就是在哈德森河口附近的一个大港口，故纽约吸引早期移民的原因是它的地理位置。6What do we know about those who first

21、 dug for gold in Dawson?A Twothirds of them stayed there.BOne out of five people got rich.CAlmost everyone gave up.DHalf of them died.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段中Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich.About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.可知，在最初挖黄金的20,000人中有4,000人变

22、富有，所以是五分之一的人变富了。7What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?AThey found the city too crowded.BThey wanted to try their luck elsewhere.CThey were unable to stand the winter.DThey were short of food.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段中and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they lef

23、t Dawson City as quickly as they had come可知，人们离开Dawson的主要原因是听说在阿拉斯加发现了黄金。由此可以推断出，这些人匆忙离开这里去阿拉斯加是要去碰碰运气，寻找发财的机会。8What is the text mainly about?AThe rise and fall of a city.BThe gold rush in Canada.CJourneys into the wilderness.DTourism in Dawson.解析：选A主旨大意题。本文第一段第一句话提出一个城市之所以在那个地方通常是有其充分的理由的，第二段介绍了该城市

24、兴起的原因，第三段介绍了人们选择离开该城市的原因及现在的状况，所以全文论述了Dawson这个城市的发展起伏。故选A项。.阅读七选五California will be the first state to ban the sale and manufacture of new fur products. 1 It will go into effect on 1 January 2023.Californias fur law was one of several bills designed to prevent cruelty to animals.“California is a lea

25、der when it comes to animal protection and today that leadership includes banning the sale of fur，” said Governor Newsom in a news report.“ 2 We are making a statement to the world that beautiful wild animals like bears and tigers have no place on trapeze (高空秋千) wires or jumping through flames.” 3 M

26、ore than a dozen European countries, including the United Kingdom, Austria, Norway and the Netherlands have also passed laws to limit the fur trade. 4 “The signing of the ban shows the point that todays customers simply dont want wild animals to suffer extreme pain and fear while keeping up with the

27、 fashion，” said Kitty Block, president and CEO of The Humane Society of the United States and president of Humane Society International.Not everyone, however, was pleased with the ban.Banning the killing of animals for their fur means killing the fur business, says Hyatt, an owner of a fur store. 5

28、Many retailers are also ending fur sales.In midOctober, Macys (Americans department store) announced it will stop fur from all its stores by the end of 2020.The stores will also close all fur vaults and salons.Other fashion brands such as Prada, Gucci, Michael Kors and Burberry have taken similar st

29、eps in recent years.ABut we are doing more than that.BCalifornia is taking the lead in protecting animals.CSimilar laws have been carried out globally already.DAnd that in turn will leave many people unemployed.ETwo other California cities had already banned fur sales.FNot surprisingly, the ban is w

30、elcomed by animal rights activists.GThe ban applies to clothing, shoes, handbags and other things that contain fur.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了加州通过了一项禁止销售和生产新毛皮产品的法律及对其实施后可能出现的问题的探讨。1选G结合空前句可知，加州将是第一个禁止销售和生产新毛皮产品的州。因此，接下来讲述的是这个禁令适用于哪些产品。G项(该禁令适用于服装、鞋子、手提包和其他含有毛皮的物品)符合文意。2选A根据上文可知，加州在动物保护方面所做的措施增加了禁止销售毛皮的细

31、节；根据空后句可知，像熊和老虎这样珍贵的野生动物，不应该出现在空中飞人的钢丝上，也不应该在火焰中跳跃。因此，本空论述的是在单纯的禁止销售毛皮措施外，加州也向全世界宣告保护野生动物的重要性。A项(但我们做的远不止这些)符合文意。3选C结合空后句可知，十多个欧洲国家，包括英国、奥地利、挪威和荷兰，也通过了限制毛皮贸易的法律。因此，本空内容是讲述除了加州之外，还有其他国家也通过了类似的法律。C项(类似的法律已经在全球范围内实施)符合文意。4选F根据空后表示转折的句子Not everyone, however, was pleased with the ban.可知，本句应讲述的人们对于这个禁令的赞同

32、。F项(毫不奇怪，这项禁令受到动物权利保护者的欢迎)和空处后的细节形成呼应。5选D结合空前句可知，禁止猎杀动物获取毛皮意味着扼杀毛皮生意。作为顺承关系，本句理应讲到的是扼杀皮毛生意之后的其他结果。D项(这反过来会导致很多人失业)符合文意。.应用文写作假定你是李华，你校绿社 (the Green Club) 将向附近农场社区发出“Say No to Chemical Fertilizers”的倡议，请你以社长的名义用英语写一封倡议书，主要内容包括：1简述倡议内容；2阐明倡议理由；3号召大家响应。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear l

33、adies and gentlemen， The Green Club参考范文：Dear ladies and gentlemen，Are you passionate about our farm community? Then wed love you to join the team of Say No to Chemical Fertilizers.That way youll help raise peoples awareness of environmental protection.By motivating people not to use chemical fertili

34、zers, you can create greener farm communities, which will benefit future generations.You dont need to buy expensive equipment, just turning chemical fertilizers into green fertilizers.To create a more beautiful and livable community, on behalf of the Green Club, we sincerely appeal to you for your involvements.The Green Club