2021-2022年新教材高中英语 Unit 5 Revealing nature Section Ⅱ Using language检测（含解析）外研版选择性必修第一册.doc

1、Using_language.阅读理解AWhen a leafy plant is under attack，it doesnt sit quietly.Back in 1983，two scientists，Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin，reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighbouring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of

2、the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds，VOCs for short.Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked.Its a plants way of crying out.But is anyone listening? Apparently.Beca

3、use we can watch the neighbours react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive，the_tables_are_turned.The attacker who was lunching now be

4、comes lunch.In study after study，it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbours.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant，but the neighbours，relatively speaking，stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Sc

5、ientists dont know.Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches，and so，in effect，was talking to itself.Perhaps the neighbours just happened to “overhear” the cry.So information was exchanged，but it wasnt a true，intentional back and forth.Charles Darwin，o

6、ver 150 years ago，imagined a world far busier，noisier and more intimate (亲密的) than the world we can see and hear.Our senses are weak.Theres a whole lot going on.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植物受到袭击时会释放出某种化学物质来保护自己并“告知”附近的植物。1What does a plant do when it is under attack?AIt makes noises.BIt gets help from oth

7、er plants.CIt stands quietly.DIt sends out certain chemicals.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighbouring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.可知，植物受到伤害时会散发出一种特殊的气味

8、，而这种特殊的气味就是某些化学物质。2What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in Paragraph 3?AThe attackers get attacked.BThe insects gather under the table.CThe plants get ready to fight back.DThe perfumes attract natural enemies.解析：选A句意理解题。根据第三段中的They pump out perfumes designed to attract different inse

9、cts who are natural enemies to the attackers.以及画线部分后的The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.可知，画线部分的意思是：袭击者受到了它的天敌的袭击。3Scientists find from their studies that plants can _.Apredict natural disastersBprotect themselves against insectsCtalk to one another intentionallyDhelp their neighbours w

10、hen necessary解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段中的Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.和They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.可知，植物能保护自己免受昆虫的伤害。4What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe world is changing faster than ever.BPeopl

11、e have stronger senses than before.CThe world is more complex than it seems.DPeople in Darwins time were more imaginative.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，达尔文设想了一个远比现实世界更繁忙、更喧嚣和更亲密的世界，而我们的感官却非常弱，我们还有很长的路要走。由此可知，世界似乎比它看上去的样子更复杂。BWe all love animals, but animals dont feel the same way about us.When we enter thei

12、r wild world, we are “unnatural” invaders into their homes.There was a video many of you may have seen on the Internet recently of a bear and its cub (幼崽) climbing up a steep, snowcovered hill in Russia.The mama bear makes it to the top without too much trouble, but the baby bear keeps sliding back

13、down.It takes three attempts to reach the top and, no doubt, many cheered at the cubs nevergiveup spirit.But nature scientists who saw the video didnt cheer.Instead, the scientists were upset that the two bears had been frightened into making a dangerous, unnecessary climb by the drone that was film

14、ing them.Sophie Gilbert of the University of Idaho said, “It showed a complete lack of understanding from the drone operator of the effects his actions were having on the bears.” Other scientists have found that when a drone is hovering near, a bears heart rate can increase from 41 beats per minute

15、to 162 beats per minute a high enough rate to cause a heart attack.Human disturbance has actually been having a farreaching influence on wildlife.Researchers at the University of Berkeley recently found that many mammals are turning into “night owls” again to avoid contact with humans.Such a shift m

16、ight not only affect those species themselves, but also have numerous chain effects.We human beings find ourselves in a strange position in nature.We are part of it but also separate from it, now more than ever, since most of us live in cities.So, when we go hiking into wild areas to “reconnect” wit

17、h nature, we should go softly and considerately.Its OK to get close to our animal friends, just not too close we wouldnt want to scare them, would we?语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一段熊爬雪山的视频引发了科学家们对于人类打扰野生动物生活的反思。5What does the video feature?AThe baby bears climbing.BThe mama bears care.CThe dangerous environment.

18、DThe experiment by scientists.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的of a bear and its cub (幼崽) climbing up a steep, snowcovered hill以及后文具体描写的内容可知，此段视频展示的是一只母熊和它的幼崽攀爬一座陡峭的雪山的情景。6Why didnt nature scientists cheer?ABecause they knew the bears family well.BBecause they were against other scientists.CBecause they knew the c

19、ause of the bears climbing.DBecause they lacked understanding of the drone operator.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，因为科学家们知道使得这两只熊攀爬雪山的原因，而且明白它们是冒着生命危险在爬山，所以才为熊的处境担忧。7What may be the effect of human disturbance on wildlife?AFood shortage.BChanging habitats.CEcological imbalance.DLess contact with humans.解析：选C推

20、理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的many mammals are turning into “night owls” again to avoid contact with humans.Such a shift might not only affect those species themselves, but also have numerous chain effects.可知，许多哺乳动物变成了“夜猫子”以避免和人类接触，而这种变化不仅影响了这个物种本身，而且还会引起一系列的连锁反应；由此可推断，人类对野生生物的干扰可能会导致生态失衡。8What does the author seem

21、 to agree with?ALosing connection with nature.BTightening the bond with wild animals.CRespecting the humananimal distance.DShooting more videos on animals for study.解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为人类应该和动物保持一定的距离，即尊重人类和动物之间的距离。.完形填空Many years ago, I was digging a vegetable garden in my backyard.Suddenly,

22、 a large German Shepherd (德国牧羊犬) that I would call Sam ran towards me, _1_.He came through the bush from the _2_ of a new house that was being built, some 20 meters away._3_， I ignored him and after a few more barks from Sam I realised that he needed my help.I followed him to a swimming pool.A white

23、 toy poodle (玩具贵宾犬) was swimming around in the _4_.The water level was too far below the edge for the dog to climb out.It had no _5_ but to keep swimming until exhaustion; it would _6_ to the bottom and drown.It swam towards me and I was able to _7_it out of the water.I took the toy poodle home, dri

24、ed it off and noticed a collar _8_ a name Midge, and an address, which was a fiveminute walk from my home.I took Midge back to its very _9_ owners.But that was not the end of the story.Some three weeks later, I was walking down the road when I was _10_ by two fierce dobermans (杜宾犬)They obviously had

25、 no _11_ of letting me pass._12_，Sam ran from behind me.Barking, he stood between the dobermans and me.He remained _13_ my fourlegged offenders withdrew.After one final _14_ “woof”，Sam went back to his home, obviously believing that one good turn _15_ another.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者帮一只德国牧羊犬救了一只在游泳池内的玩

26、具贵宾犬。几周后，这只德国牧羊犬在作者遇到危险时也帮了他。1A.circlingBjumpingCwatching Dbarking解析：选D根据第一段最后一句中的after a few more barks from Sam可知，此处表示吠叫着朝我跑过来。2A.way BcourseCdirection Dform解析：选C此处表示从一栋正在建造的新房子的方向。from the direction of意为“从方向”，是固定搭配。3A.For a while BAt a timeCIn the meantime DOn occasion解析：选A句意：有一会儿，我没有理会他，在Sam又吠叫了

27、几声之后，我意识到他需要我的帮助。4A.fence BpoolChouse Dgarden解析：选B根据前文中的I followed him to a swimming pool.可知，这里指玩具贵宾犬在游泳池里游来游去。5A.experience BalternativeCmotivation Dpreparation解析：选B根据前文中的The water level was too far below the edge for the dog to climb out.可知，这只狗爬不上来，别无他法，只能不停地游。have no alternative but to do sth.别无选

28、择只能做某事。6A.float BdiveCsink Dswim解析：选C根据空后的to the bottom and drown可知，这只贵宾犬在游泳池内不停地游，最后只能是沉到水底被淹没。7A.throw BpushCkick Dlift解析：选D根据后文中的I took the toy poodle home可知，作者从水中救起了这只玩具贵宾犬，把狗带回了家。结合选项可知，此处是指从水中把它提起来。8A.writing BrevealingCbearing Dwearing解析：选C根据后文中的a name Midge, and an address可知，此处指带有名字和地址。9A.gr

29、ateful BsatisfiedCimpatient Dguilty解析：选A作者从游泳池救起那只玩具贵宾犬，送回给它的主人，所以主人应该是很感激的。10A.guided BaccompaniedCstopped Dfooled解析：选C根据后文中的They obviously had no _11_ of letting me pass.可知，它们不让作者过去，所以此处指作者被两只杜宾犬拦住了。11A.promise BbeliefCresponsibility Dintention解析：选D句意：显然它们没打算让我过去。have no intention of doing sth.没打算

30、做某事。12A.Gradually BEventuallyCImmediately DSuddenly解析：选D句意：突然，Sam从我身后跑了出来。13A.but BuntilCas if Dnow that解析：选B根据前文中的Barking, he stood between the dobermans and me.可知，Sam要帮作者，所以他一直待着直到那两条杜宾犬撤退。14A.pleasant BimpressiveCinspiring Dfriendly解析：选DSam帮了作者，所以此处指Sam友好的“汪汪”声。15A.demands BsucceedsCdeserves Dinv

31、olves解析：选C句意：在最后一次友好的“汪汪”声之后，Sam回到了自己的家，显然他相信好人应得好报。One good turn deserves another是谚语，意为“好人有好报；善有善报”。.语法填空Some popular places to visit are built by people.Other famous places are the _1_ (create) of nature.In the northeast of the US, there was a famous rock on a high mountain _2_ looked just like an

32、 old man._3_ (locate) in the town of Franconia, New Hampshire, he had thick hair, a big nose and a beard.People called him The Old Man of the Mountain _4_ every year more than a million people came to visit him.The Old Man of the Mountain, also known _5_ the Great Stone Face, measured 40 _6_ (foot)

33、tall.Scientists think that the stone face had been there for about 17, 000 years.In May 2003, there were very high winds and the temperature was very cold near The Old Man of the Mountain.The sky was so _7_ (cloud) that people couldnt see the stone face for many days.As soon as the storm was over, p

34、eople looked for The Old Man but they couldnt see him.They discovered that he _8_ (fall) apart.A number of scientists climbed up, _9_ (hope) to repair the stone face.They were disappointed at _10_ they saw the damage from the weather was just too bad.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界闻名的美国佛朗哥尼亚峡谷州立公园内的“大石脸”，也有人称

35、它为“山上老人”。1creation空处所填单词前面有冠词修饰，需用create的名词形式。2that/which空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词rock，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。3Locatedbe located in/on/at .是固定搭配，表示“(某地)位于”，这里是其过去分词短语作状语。4and前后两句之间意义上是并列关系，用and连接。5asbe known as 作为而闻名，为固定搭配。6feet空处所填单词前面有大于1的数词修饰，需用foot的复数形式。7cloudy空处所填单词在句中作表语，需用cloud的形容词形式。8had fallen从句谓语动词动作fall apart发生在主句谓语动词动作discovered之前，也就是过去的过去，应用过去完成时。9hoping空处是现在分词短语作状语，分词动作hope与逻辑主语scientists之间是主动关系。10what空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作saw的宾语，故填what。