2021-2022新教材外研版英语选择性必修第二册课后练习：UNIT 6 SURVIVAL （一）　STARTING OUT & UNDERSTANDING IDEAS WORD版含解析.doc

1、UNIT 6 课下题型练(一)Starting out & Understanding ideas.阅读理解AThe Boy Made It!One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine.In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area.Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path.B

2、efore he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didnt have food, water, a phone, or other supplies.He was getting colder by the minute.Nicholas had no idea where he was.He tried not to panic.He thought about all of the survival shows he had watched on TV.It was time to put the tips he had learned

3、 to use.He decided to stop skiing.There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put.The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow.If he didnt, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him.Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave

4、.He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle.Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry.He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldnt lose too much water.Not knowin

5、g how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could he huddled (蜷缩) in his cave and slept.The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldnt find anyone.He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night.On Tuesday,

6、Nicholas went out again to find help.He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV.He had often watched Grylls survival show Man vs Wild.Thats where he lea

7、rned the tips that saved his life.In each episode (一期节目) of Man vs Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.When Grylls heard about Nicholas amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to s

8、tay alive.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小男孩Nicholas在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事。1What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?AHe got lost.BHe broke his skis.CHe hurt his eyes.DHe caught a cold.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段中的One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine.In the early

9、 afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area.及Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone！可知，周日下午Nicholas迷路了，故选A项。2How did Nicholas keep himself warm?AHe found a shelter.BHe lighted some branches.CHe kept on skiing.DHe built a snow cave.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知

10、，Nicholas保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞，故选D项。3What did Nicholas do on Tuesday?AHe returned to his shelter safely.BHe was saved by a volunteer searcher.CHe got stuck in the snow.DHe stayed where he was.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第六段中的On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help.He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer

11、searcher found him.可知，星期二的时候Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了，故选B项。4Why did Nicholas leave a very deep impression on Grylls?ABecause he did the right things in the dangerous situation.BBecause he watched Grylls TV program regularly.CBecause he created some tips for survival.DBecause he was very hardworking.解析：选A推理

12、判断题。根据最后一段中的he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive可判断出，Nicholas给Grylls留下了深刻的印象是因为他在危险的情况下做了正确的事情，故选A项。BMost people agree that honesty is a good thing.But does Mother Nature agree? Animals cant talk, but can they l

13、ie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals.Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling ot

14、her animals.For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young.When a predator (猎食动物) gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest.How? It pretends to have a broken wing.The predator follows the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby

15、 birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat.Scrub jays are also thieves.They watch where others bury their food and steal it.But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them.So they go back later, unbury the food, and

16、 bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work.How? They dont make nests.Instead, they get into other birds nests secretly.Then they lay their eggs and fly away.When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or

17、chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other.When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again.But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winners hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too.Wh

18、en chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out.Then other chimps come running.But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food.That way, other chimps dont hear them, and they dont need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the sa

19、ying “You cant fool Mother Nature.” But maybe you cant trust her, either.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过列举一些鸟类和大猩猩的例子，说明动物有时会撒谎，这也是它们生存的需要。5How does a plover protect its young from a predator?ABy getting closer to its young.BBy driving away the adult predator.CBy leaving its young in another nest.DBy pretending

20、to be injured.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段中的a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young可知，啄木鸟保护孩子不受猎食动物侵害是通过假装受伤，故选D项。6What does the sentence “Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky.” in Paragraph 5 mean?AChimps are ready to attack others.BChimps are sometimes dishon

21、est.CChimps are jealous of the winners.DChimps can be selfish too.解析：选B句意理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，一位动物专家曾经看到一个输了的黑猩猩抓住获胜的黑猩猩的手又开始打斗了。因此画线句意思是：大猩猩也可能不诚实，故选B项。7Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?ASome chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.BThe losing chimp won the fight by t

22、aking the winners hand.CCuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.DSome clever scrub jays often steal their food back.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第六段最后两句可知，一些聪明的黑猩猩在找到食物时学会了非常轻柔地叫。这样，其他黑猩猩就听不到它们的声音，它们也不需要分享食物。故选A项。8Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?ADo Animals Lie?BDoes Mo

23、ther Nature Fool Animals?CHow do Animals Learn to Lie?DHow does Honesty Help Animals Survive?解析：选A标题归纳题。根据全篇文章的内容和第一段中Can they lie with their bodies and behavior？可知，这篇文章讲的是动物也会撒谎，故选A项。CMost people cant wait for spring to arrive.It means flowers and warmer weather, all welcome changes from the dark w

24、inter days.Now we know that spring is arriving sooner in the Northern Hemisphere (北半球) than it was in the past, thanks to a study published in Scientific Reports.For example, Los Angeles may experience spring only a day earlier than it did 10 years ago, but further north, in Seattle or Chicago, spri

25、ng will arrive four days earlier.If you lived in the Arctic, spring could arrive 16 days earlier than it used to.To determine how springtime is starting earlier, researchers looked at temperature records and 743 earlier studies over 86 years.These studies were about various biological indicators of

26、spring, including birds migrating, plants flowering and amphibians (两栖动物) sounding their mating calls.Researchers then studied these data to see if they were occurring earlier.The result showed that not only is spring making itself known sooner but its warmer, too.Before you go out in a happy spring

27、time hike, spring arriving sooner isnt so good.The livelihood of migratory birds, for instance, may be concerned.“The food that birds rely on when they move to the north might not be reliable if the beginning of spring at these higher latitudes (维度) is expanded by future warming.” said Eric Post.He

28、is a fellow of the John Muir Institute and a polar ecologist.Animals relying on Arctic sea ice, like polar bears, probably arent crazy about things warming up sooner, either, because it impacts on their ability to hunt.Springs early arrival could cause disorder in the delicate balance of various eco

29、systems, not to mention how soon youll need to buy allergy medicine.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项科学新发现春天比过去来得早，并说明了这个气候新发现对人类和动物的影响。9What can we learn from the study published in Scientific Reports?ASpring comes earliest in Los Angeles.BLos Angeles is further north than Seattle.CSpring comes 12 days earlier

30、 in Arctic than in Chicago.DThe further north a place lies, the sooner spring comes than before.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段中的If you lived in the Arctic, spring could arrive 16 days earlier than it used to.可知，越往北的地方，春天来得越早。故选D项。10How did researchers make the discovery?ABy comparing related data available.BBy co

31、nducting research and test.CBy calculating the exact length of each spring.DBy observing animals behavior all year round.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中的To determine how springtime is starting earlier, researchers looked at temperature records and 743 earlier studies over 86 years.可知，本题应选A项(通过比较可获得的相关数据)。11What d

32、o the last two paragraphs focus on?AConcerns over springs early arrival.BSpringtime emergence of creatures.CEarly springtimes impacts on humans.DDisorder in the balance of ecosystems.解析：选A段落大意题。根据第五段中Eric Post所说可知，如果未来气候变暖导致高纬度地区春季的提前到来，鸟类向北迁徙时所依赖的食物可能就不可靠了。最后一段中最后一句说明了春天的提前到来可能会扰乱各种生态系统脆弱的平衡。即最后两段讲

33、了春天提前到来对动物和人类的不良影响。由此可知，最后两段是对春天提前到来的担忧，故选A项。12In which section of a magazine can we read this text?AMedical Report.BSurvival Stories.CScientific Discoveries.DNatural Environment.解析：选C文章出处题。根据第一段中的Now we know that spring is arriving sooner in the Northern Hemisphere (北半球) than it was in the past, th

34、anks to a study published in Scientific Reports.可知，本文是研究气候变化的新发现。因此本篇文章应来自杂志的“科学发现”专栏，故选C项。.阅读七选五Slash (斜杠) CareersWhat is your job？Are you a teacher or a business person？Or maybe you are a lawyer/writer or a teacher/photographer. 1 The term “slash career” comes from the punctuation mark (标点符号) a sl

35、ash that comes between job titles.People with slash careers often have a primary job that provides for most of their needs.The primary job usually comes before the slash. 2 This secondary job can help supplement income.Why would anyone want more than one job？Some people look to their jobs for opport

36、unities to develop their interests.But most people have too many interests for one job.Secondary jobs can be enjoyable if they include interests that the primary job doesnt touch.Some people who encourage slash careers say they actually help with worklife balance. 3 On the other hand, a slash career

37、 can be dangerous for worklife balance. 4 One might give up necessary things like relaxation, exercise or time with ones family.People with slash careers need to think carefully about how they use their time.This includes knowing when to stop working.The clear advantage of slash careers is the extra

38、 income that secondary jobs provide.Its always helpful to have a little extra money to spend or to save. 5 With a slash career, losing ones job does not mean losing ones entire income.Or a secondary job may be so successful that it can turn into ones primary job.If your interests stretch beyond your

39、 ordinary job, a slash career may work for you.ASlash careers provide extra money.BSlash careers also make ones life more stable.CTaking more than one job can fill up all of your time.DIf you have more than one job, you have a slash career.EIt shows the person is creative and willing to work hard.FT

40、he job after the slash is often based on a persons interests.GThats because they can give people an opportunity to express themselves.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。斜杠职业有利有弊。其好处是能发展个人兴趣，增加收入，使生活更稳定；其弊端是可能会打破工作与生活之间的平衡。1选D根据空后一句中的The term “slash career” 并结合语境可知，此处意在为slash career下定义，应选D。2选F根据空前一句中的before the slash可知，本

41、段中的前两句是在介绍斜杠前的主业；F项中的after the slash与空前一句中的before the slash相对应，F项介绍斜杠后的副业，与空后一句相衔接，故F项符合语境。3选G空前一句指出，一些支持从事斜杠职业的人认为斜杠职业可以帮助实现工作与生活的平衡。空处应是对该内容进行进一步的解释。 故G项符合语境。4选C本段主要论述斜杠职业的弊端在于它会打破工作和生活之间的平衡，结合空后一句表述的一个人会因为从事斜杠职业而放弃自己的娱乐、锻炼及与家人在一起的时间可知，C项(从事不止一份工作能占满你的时间)符合语境。5选B此空为段首句，结合文章结构可知此空应是对本段内容的概括。空后的内容表述拥有斜杠职业的话，失业不代表失去了所有的收入来源，副业成功的话甚至可以转为主业。由此可知，斜杠职业可以使人的生活更加稳定，故选B。7