专题06网络安全 -备战2022年中考英语阅读理解热点话题模拟练.doc

1、 06 网络安全Passage1As we know, the time of 5G technology（技术）is coming. Recently, theres a lot of information about 5G. But what is this technology and how might it bring to our lives?What is 5G?5G means the fifth generation（第五代） mobile networks（网络）, a better technology than 4G. And we know, 4G comes af

2、ter 3G and makes the network run faster than 3G.When will 5G come to our life?Before we can all use 5G, there must be a new system（系统） for 5G to work. In the USA, some cities will first use 5G this year. Experts say it will take a few more years or even longer to reach every place. In China, a few c

3、ities are using 5G now. And more and more cities will join this group: Next year, 5G will become national, even in the countryside. What can 5G do?Experts say 5G will help to build future smart cities with the help of sensor networks（传感器网络）. Such networks will be able to help the police with the tra

4、ffic. They can help us know whats happening in our homes when we are at work. They can even help to made it possible for doctors to perform an operation（手术） far away._In the future, more information and more kinds of information will be travelling across 5G networks. Much of the information could be

5、 about persons, businesses or government organization（政府组织）. So we can see the wider （更广泛地） use of a 5G network means any mistake of the system would cause serious results. Then they may bring problems of public security（安全） and world economic（经济） activity.1According to the passage, 5G is _.Aa kind

6、of phoneBa kind of computerCa kind of networkDa kind of website（网站）2The underlined word “They” refers to _.AExpertsBThe policeCDoctorsDThe networks3Which of the following is NOT mentioned about “smart cities” in this passage?AHouse building.BTraffic.CHome security.DOperations.4The underlined word “n

7、ational” in the passage means “_” in Chinese.A民族的B国立的C全国性的D普通的5Which sentence is the best for the place _AWho will use 5G?BWhy will 5G be popular?CHow will people use 5G?DWhat are the security problems?Passage2 The night of Nov.3 was very special to Australian tennis player Ashleigh Barty,23. She wo

8、n her first single title(单打冠军)at the 2019 Womens Tennis Association (WTA) Finals in Shenzhen. Barty took home a record $4.42 million (31 million yuan) prize for the title, the biggest prize in tennis. She has held the WTA World No.1 title for 15 weeks. becoming the first Australian woman to do so.Ch

9、ina has built the worlds largest high-speed rail network, which is still expanding(扩张).Last year, the total length of the network reached 29,000 kilometers. The trains have attracted millions of travelers and greatly reduced traveling time around the country. For example, travel time from Beijing to

10、 Shanghai has been reduced from ten hours to five hours. China is also sharing this technology with many other countries.Over the past decades, many people have made great contribution(贡献) to Chinas development, helping it grow through their hard work. On Sept. 29, ahead of National Day, Chinese Pre

11、sident Xi Jinping presented national medals and honorary titles(荣誉称号) to some of these contributors, including thirty-six Chinese citizens and six foreigners. President Xi helped them put on the medals and shook hands with them.Sept 16 to 22 is Chinas sixth annual Cyber Security Week (网络安全周). An ope

12、ning ceremony and major activities were held Tianjin. First held in 2014, the event aims to remind people of the importance of fighting online threats (威胁)and cyber attacks. The theme of this years event is cyber security for the people and by the people. One of the goals of this years event is to t

13、each people how to protect their personal data(数据).6About Ashleigh Barty, which of the following is TRUE?AShe won a single title at WIA Finals in Shenzhen, China last year.BShe got a prize of 3,100,000 yuan for her first single title at WTACShe has held the WTA World No.1 title for more than one yea

14、r.DShe was the first Austrian woman to win the single title at WIA7From the above reading, we learn that _.Athe total length of the network reached 29,000 meters last year.BChina has got the largest high-speed rail network in the world.Cit only took 5 hours from Shanghai to Shenzhen by high-speed tr

15、ain.DChina shares the high-speed rail technology with few other countries.8According to the passage, how many people were awarded national metals and honorary titles?A38B36C6D429According to the passage.the purpose of Cyber Secuity Week is to _.Ahold a wonderful opening ceremony and different kinds

16、of activities.Bhelp people know that it is important to fight online threats and cyber attacks.Chelp people know what is cyber secuity and how to protect themselves.Dteach people how to protect their personal data. Passage3Since May 12, a computer virus named WannaCry has infected (感染) more than 300

17、,000computers in over 150 countries, according to Reuters.Wannacry is spread by using a weakness in Microsofts Windows operating system. Once the virus gets into the computer, it locks all the papers and asks the user for money to unlock them. At first, it asks for $300, but if the user doesnt send

18、the money in 72 hours, the price doubled. Papers are locked forever if the user doesnt pay in seven days.The virus has brought bad results. For example, in the UK, the virus left the countrysNational Health Service in a mess. Some hospitals had to cancel patient appointments(预约), reported The Telegr

19、aph. In China, the virus has hit thousands of computers, according to Qihoo360. One of the most hard-hit groups in China were university users. Many students graduation papers were locked. They felt nervous and frightened. Also many gas stations were seriously hit, and the payment system didnt work.

20、WanaCry is the latest example of the cyber security(网络安全) problem. Matthew Hickey, who set up the security company Hacker House, said, The attack is not surprising. It shows that many organizations do not use updates(更新) fast enough. According to a survey, nearly half of the people said, “We are not

21、 satisfied with the way software updates work.”As China Daily wrote, “We cant completely protect our computers against these kinds of viruses, as this cat and mouse game will continue forever. The best choice for most users is to take care online and always install(安装)software updates.”10What is Wan

22、naCry?AA video game.BA computer software.CA computer virus.DA TV programme.11If your papers are locked by Wannacry, how much do you need to pay if you dont send the money in 72 hours?A$150.B$300.C$600.D$900.12According to the passage, the writer shows the bad results by _.Agiving reasonsBgiving exam

23、plesCcomparing computersDcomparing numbers13From the last two paragraphs, we can know that_.AMatthew Hickey thinks the attack on computers is very surprisingBall the people are pleased with the way software updates workCthe computers can be completely protected against these virusesDwe should take c

24、are online and update software fast enough Passage4Slowly but surely, were moving closer and closer to 5G world. From smart-home security to self-driving cars, all the internet-connected devices（装置）in your life will be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speeds. Objectively speaking, the fa

25、stest 4G download speeds in the U.S. top out at an average of 19.42 Mbps. But by comparison 5G promises gigabit（千兆）speeds.“5G is one of those signs, along with artificial intelligence（人工智能）, of this coming data age.” said Steve Koenig, senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology A

26、ssociation. The self-driving vehicle is a great emblem of this data age,and that is to say, it is a sign of time, because with one single task, driving, you have large amounts of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors（传感器）are collecting a lot of information to model its enviro

27、nment as it moves. Its pulling in data from other vehicles about road conditions. It could be weather information, but also connected infrastructure construction（基础设施建设）. Theres lots of data behind that task, which is why we need high speed. Augmented reality glasses（实境眼镜）and virtual headset havent

28、yet broken the mainstream（主流）, but tech companies are joyfully betting that these devices will finally take the place of our smartphones. With 5G, that could actually happen. This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to give help-or perhaps even replace-sma

29、rtphones. Ericsson stated at Februarys Mobile World Congress how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection,because instead of being weighed down with components, the glasses could depend on hardware for processing power. But dont get too excited. Theres still a lot of work t

30、o be done, including various ways to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isnt used only in big cities. 14What does the author want to stress in Paragraph 1?AThe lighting-fast speed of 5G.BThe expectation of SG world.CThe difference between 4G and 5G.D

31、The internet-connected devices in our life.15What does the underlined word emblemin Paragraph 2 mean_?AShow.BSuccess.CSymbolDExplanation16We can infer from the text that _A5G world wont come without AR glassesB5G helps to create the artificial intelligence vehicleCApple company is developing AR glas

32、ses worldwideDTech companies will face the fact that smartphones may be replaced17What will the author probably tell us next？AHow to make 5G cover more areas.BSmart glasses will become faster and lighter.CWhy 5G Isnt used in big cities.DThe importance of infrastructure construction.Passage5 A few yo

33、ung students are talking about something on WeChat.Hi everyone! I like sports very much and play basketball almost every day. I also like to eat fast food, but my parents ask me to eat it only once a month.Bill Sorry to hear that, Bill. However, maybe your parents are right. Fast food isnt good for

34、you. I seldom eat it. On weekends, I often do some housework to make my parents relax ( 放松). And I use the Internet only once a week. I have a lot of homework to do every day.Kate Yes, we students are always busy with our studies. But on Friday evening, I usually go shopping with my mother. Its real

35、ly fun. I enjoy watching TV, too. And I do it almost every day. So my parents are kind of unhappy sometimes.Tony All parents like that. My parents never let me watch TV or play computer games! On weekends, they always want me to study almost every minute. But luckily, I can go to movies with them ev

36、ery Saturday. And on Sunday they let me go out with my friends when I finish my homework. Sometimes they are really good!Lisa18Kate often _ at the weekend.Aplays basketballBhelps with houseworkCgoes to the moviesDuses the Internet19Who usually buys things on Friday evening?ABill.BKate.CTony.DLisa.20

37、Lisa can go to the movies _.AeverydayBonce a weekCtwice a weekDon weekdays21From the passage, we can know that _.ABill often eats fast foodBKate never uses the InternetCTony often watches TVDLisa can go out with her friends at any time22What are these young students mainly (主要地) talking about?ATheir

38、 parents and their life.BTheir eating habits (习惯).CTheir free time.DTheir studying habits.Passage6 Whether from news, reports or social media articles, you may know that 5G is coming.5G is the 5th generation network. It is a new network after 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G and it can connect everyone and everyth

39、ing together. 5G means super-fast data (数据) speed. One can download a two-hour movie in fewer than 10 seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient.5G will make self-driving cars possible. For safety, self-driving cars need super-fast data transmission (传输) to communicate with their n

40、earby environment. 5G is just what makes self-driving cars achieve this. Even airplanes will become “smart” in the near future.5G will be a big help for students who take online classes. Students all over the world will be able to see places like the Great Wall without leaving their rooms.It will be

41、 also easier for doctors to treat patients remotely by 5G. It means caring for patients from far away.The facts listed above are only part of what 5G will make possible and popular. Just as in the early days of the Internet in the 1990s, few could see how it could change the world. The same will sur

42、ely be true of 5G. With 5G, many things do not seem like dreams to anyone. Now lets get ready to say goodbye to 4G and welcome the coming of 5G.23How long may it take to download a two-hour movie with 5G?A15 seconds.B8 seconds.C10 minutes.D2 hours.24From the last paragraph, we can know that _.A4G is

43、 no more used in our daily life nowBthe writer is worried about the coming of 5GCwith 5G, some of our dreams will come true for sure one dayDin the 1990s, all the people believed that the Internet would change our life255G will make the following things more and more popular EXCEPT _.Aself-driving c

44、arsB“smart” airplanesConline classesDhospitals with doctorsPassage7Recently a university in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province has set up facial recognition systems（人脸识别系统）in the classrooms to watch students behavior. As a result, it has caused a big discussion on the Internet. China Pharmaceutical Universit

45、y put the systems in two test classrooms as well as school gates, dormitory entrances（宿舍入口）, the library and laboratory buildings. According to Xu Jianzhen, director of the universitys library and information center, the systems will help teachers check if students are in class and watch what they a

46、re doing during the lectures. “In the past, some students were absent from class after teachers took attendance（考勤）or asked other students to answer “Present!” for them. So it was difficult to take control of them. Now with facial recognition, that would no longer be a problem,” he said.“As soon as

47、you enter the classroom, the camera will watch you all the way through and record how long you put down your head, whether youre playing with a smartphone, youre sleeping or youre reading other books,” he added. The news has raised wide discussion online. Many people are questioning if the cameras w

48、ill infringe on students privacy（隐私）. However, this is not the first university to use facial recognition technology in school. Many universities across the country have put cameras at the school gates to make sure of safety.26Where can facial recognition systems be seen in China Pharmaceutical Univ

49、ersity?AIn all the classrooms.BIn the dining hall.CIn all the university buildings.DIn the places where students appear often.27Why is the university using facial recognition systems?ATo help their students stay safer.BTo manage their students better.CTo help their students get better grades.DTo fin

50、d out why the students dont like attending classes.28What can we infer from the passage?AAlmost everyone thinks the university should use facial recognition systems.BNo students will be absent from class in China Pharmaceutical University.CFacial recognition technology is widely used in Chinese scho

51、ols.DTechnology can change our life and make our life better.29Whats the main idea of the passage?AFacial recognition systems have many advantages and universities should use them.BCollege students are hard to deal with and universities are finding ways to solve the problem.CChina Pharmaceutical Uni

52、versity started using facial recognition technology and people have different opinions on it.DFacial recognition technology is important in helping students stay safe in school.Passage8 Many children use the Internet to get useful knowledge (知识) and information, and to relax in their free time. But

53、some of them are not using it in a good way. Here are some rules to make sure you are safe and have fun on the Internet.Make rules for Internet use with your parents. For example, when you can go online, for how long and what activities you can go online.Dont give your password (密码) to anyone else,

54、and never leak out the following informationyour real name, home address, age, school, phone number or other personal information.Check with your parent before giving out a credit card (信用卡) number.Never send a photo yourself to someone in e-mail unless your parents say its OK.Check with your parent

55、s before going into a chat room. Different chat rooms have different rules and attract different kinds of people. You and your parents must make sure its a right place for you.Never agree to meet someone you met on the Internet without your parents permission (允许). Never meet anyone you met online a

56、lone.Always remember people online may not be who they say they are. Treat everyone online as strangers.If something you see or read online makes you uncomfortable, leave it at once. Tell it your parents or your teachers right away.Treat (对待) other people as you like to be treated. Never use bad lan

57、guage.Remembernot everything you read on the Internet is true.30If you want a true friend on the Internet, you can _.Atell the people what your name isBmeet the people online aloneCwrite an e-mail about yourselfDget your parents permission31The underline phrase “leak out” in the third paragraph may

58、mean _.A捐款B离开C泄露D放好32This passage is mainly about _.Ahow to use computersBsurfing on the InternetCinformation on the internetDinternet safety rules33If your parents dont agree, never _.Aread anything on the InternetBrelax in your free timeChave a face-to-face meeting with anyone you met onlineDtreat

59、 other people as you would like to be treated【答案】1C2D3A4C5C【分析】本文主要讲了什么是5G网络，5G网络能做什么以及未来怎样运用5G网络。1细节理解题。根据“5G means the fifth generation（第五代） mobile networks（网络）”可知，5G意味着第五代移动网络，故选C。2推理判断题。分析“Such networks will be able to help the police with the traffic. They can help us know whats happening in ou

60、r homes when we are at work.”可知，这样的网络将能够帮助警方处理交通问题。当我们工作时，它们可以帮助我们了解家里发生了什么。所以此处They指的是Such networks，故选D。3细节理解题。根据“Such networks will be able to help the police with the traffic. They can help us know whats happening in our homes when we are at work. They can even help to made it possible for doctor

61、s to perform an operation（手术） far away.”可知，有关智慧城市的描述写到了交通、家庭安全和医疗手术方面，故选A。4词义猜测题。分析“And more and more cities will join this group: Next year, 5G will become national, even in the countryside.”可知，越来越多的城市将加入这一行列；明年，5G将在全国普及，甚至在农村。所以推测national是“全国性的”，故选C。5推理判断题。根据下文“In the future, more information and

62、more kinds of information will be travelling across 5G networks. Much of the information could be about persons, businesses or government organization（政府组织）.”可知，在未来，更多和更多种类的信息将跨越5G网络，许多信息可能是关于个人、企业或政府组织的。所以主要讲人们将来如何运用5G网络，故选C。6A7B8D9B【分析】本文主要向我们介绍了四则消息。6推理判断题。She won a single title at WTA Finals in

63、Shenzhen, China last year. 去年，她在中国深圳举行的WTA总决赛中赢得了单打冠军。根据文中“She won her first single title at the 2019 Womens Tennis Association (WTA) Finals in Shenzhen.”可知，该项正确；She got a prize of 3,100,000 yuan for her first single title at WTA. 她作为WTA的单打冠军获得了310万元的奖金。根据“Barty took home a record $4.42 million (31

64、million yuan) prize for the title”可知，该项错误；She has held the WTA World No.1 title for more than one year. 她保持WTA世界第一的头衔已经一年多了。根据“She has held the WTA World No.1 title for 15 weeks”可知，该项错误；She was the first Austrian woman to win the single title at WTA. 她是第一位在WTA赢得单打冠军的奥地利女性。根据文中“Australian tennis play

65、er Ashleigh Barty,23.”可知，该项错误；故选A。7细节理解题。根据文中“China has built the worlds largest high-speed rail network”可知，中国已经建成了世界上最大的高铁网络，故选B。8细节理解题。根据文中“including thirty-six Chinese citizens and six foreigners”可知，获奖人有36名中国公民和6名外国人，共有42人，故选D。9细节理解题。根据文中“the event aims to remind people of the importance of fight

66、ing online threats and cyber attacks.”可知，该活动旨在提醒人们对抗网络威胁和网络攻击的重要性，故选B。【点睛】本文浅显易懂，各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据。只要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，就能顺利完成阅读。文章所设试题主要考查细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查小题和原文的异同。10C11C12B13D【分析】文章大意：短文主要讲了名叫WannaCry的病毒感染了许多国家用户的电脑，详细介绍了它的勒索方式，带来的严重后果，以及用户中毒的原因等。10细节理解题。根据文中Since May 12, a computer virus named Wann

67、aCry has infected (感染) more than 300,000computers in over 150 countries, according to Reuters.可知，WannaCry是一种电脑病毒，故答案为C.11细节理解题。根据文中it locks all the papers and asks the user for money to unlock them. At first, it asks for $300, but if the user doesnt send the money in 72 hours, the price doubled.可知，如

68、果用户在72小时内不汇款，价格就会翻倍，也就是300的二倍，即600美元，故答案为C。12推理判断题。根据文中For example, in the UK, the virus left the countrys National Health Service in a mess. Some hospitals had to cancel patient appointments(预约), reported The Telegraph. In China, the virus has hit thousands of computers, according to Qihoo360. One

69、of the most hard-hit groups in China were university users. Many students graduation papers were locked. They felt nervous and frightened. Also many gas stations were seriously hit, and the payment system didnt work.可知，作者通过列举英国和中国的例子来展示严重的结果，故答案为B。13细节理解题。根据文中It shows that many organizations do not

70、use updates(更新) fast enough. According to a survey, nearly half of the people said, “We are not satisfied with the way software updates work.” The best choice for most users is to take care online and always install(安装)software updates.可知，我们应该小心上网和更新软件，故答案为D。14A15C16D17A【分析】本文主要讲述即将到来的5G网络将会给人们的生活带来

71、很多便利。14推理判断题。根据“Objectively speaking, the fastest 4G download speeds in the U.S. top out at an average of 19.42 Mbps. But by comparison 5G promises gigabit（千兆）speeds”可知，本段主要强调5G的速度很快，故选A。15词义猜测题。根据“and that is to say, it is a sign of time, because with one single task, driving, you have large amount

72、s of data coming from the vehicle itself”可知，它是一个时间的标志，因为只有一个任务，驾驶，你就有大量的数据来自于车辆本身。所以emblem的意思为“标志、象征”，故选C。16推理判断题。根据“Augmented reality glasses（实境眼镜）and virtual headset havent yet broken the mainstream（主流）, but tech companies are joyfully betting that these devices will finally take the place of our

73、smartphones”可知，科技公司将面临智能手机被代替的事实，故选D。17推理判断题。根据“But dont get too excited. Theres still a lot of work to be done, including various ways to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isnt used only in big cities”可知，我们仍有许多工作要做，包括这种各样的试验来确保无线电与硬件和基础设施建设良好配合，因此5

74、G不仅集中在大城市，接下来该介绍如何扩大5G覆盖区域，故选A。18B19C20B21C22A【分析】文章主要讲述了几个学生在微信上聊天，主要聊到自己平时的生活以及他们的父母。18细节理解题。根据第三段“On weekends, I often do some housework to make my parents relax ( 放松).”可知Kate在周末经常做家务。故选B。19细节理解题。根据第四段“But on Friday evening, I usually go shopping with my mother.”可知Tony周五晚上去购物。故选C。20细节理解题。根据最后一段“

75、But luckily, I can go to movies with them every Saturday.”可知Lisa一周去看一次电影。故选B。21细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ I enjoy watching TV, too.”可知Tony经常看电视。故选C。22主旨大意题。根据整篇内容可知，这些学生谈论了关于他们的父母以及他们的生活。故选A。23B24C25A【分析】5G是第五代网络，它是继1G、2G、3G、4G之后的一种新网络，它可以将所有人和所有事物连接在一起。5G网络很快将覆盖中国许多城市，它将在自动化驾驶汽车、智能飞机、在线学习和远程治疗等方面发挥作用。23细节理解题。

76、根据“One can download a two-hour movie in fewer than 10 seconds”可知，人们可以在不到10秒的时间内下载一部2小时的电影，故选B。24推理判断题。 根据“With 5G, many things do not seem like dreams to anyone.”可知，有了5G，很多事情对任何人来说都不像是梦想，由此推出有了5G，我们的一些梦想总有一天会实现。 故选C。 25细节理解题。 根据“5G will make self-driving cars possible.”可知，5G将使自动驾驶汽车成为可能，故选A。 26D27B2

77、8C29C【分析】文章介绍了中国药科大学开始使用人脸识别系统，人们对此持有不同的看法。26细节理解题。根据“China Pharmaceutical University put the systems in two test classrooms as well as school gates, dormitory entrances（宿舍入口）, the library and laboratory buildings.”可知，在中国药科大学，人脸识别系统安装在两个测试教室以及学校大门、宿舍入口、图书馆和实验室大楼，也就是说我们可以在学生们经常出现的地方看到人脸识别系统，故选D。27推理判

78、断题。根据“the systems will help teachers check if students are in class and watch what they are doing during the lectures.”可知，使用人来你识别系统是为了更好的管理学生，故选B。28推理判断题。根据“However, this is not the first university to use facial recognition technology in school. Many universities across the country have put cameras

79、 at the school gates to make sure of safety.”可知，人脸识别系统在中国的大学中被广泛的应用，故选C。29主旨大意题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是说中国药科大学开始使用人脸识别系统对学生进行管理，人们对此持有不同的看法，故选C。30D31C32D33C【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要针对青少年上网问题，向他们提出了几点需要注意的上网安全规则。30细节理解题。根据文中Never agree to meet someone you met on the Internet without your parents permission. Never mee

80、t anyone you met online alone在没有你父母的同意下，千万不要同意见网友，不要单独见任何网上认识的人。可知如果网上想有真正的朋友，需要得到父母的同意。故选D。31词义猜测题。根据第三段“Dont give your password to anyone elseyour real name, home address, age, school, phone number or other personal information”不要把你密码给任何人，可知表达你的真实姓名，家庭住址，年龄，学校，电话号码或其他个人信息不要给别人。“leak out”表示“泄露”。故选C

81、。32主旨大意题。根据第一段“Here are some rules to make sure you are safe and have fun on the Internet”可知文章主要针对青少年上网问题，向他们提出了几点需要注意的上网安全规则。故选D。33细节理解题。根据第七段“Never agree to meet someone you met on the Internet without your parents permission. Never meet anyone you met online alone”可知在没有你父母的同意下，千万不要同意见网友，不要单独见任何网上认识的人。故选C。16原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！