专题09 非谓语动词100道（知识讲解 习题训练）-2021-2022学年高一英语上学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（外研版2019）.doc

1、外研社高一英语上学期期末复习 查缺补漏冲刺满分(知识讲解+习题训练)专题09 非谓语动词100道作为动词考点中的一大走向，非谓语动词是每年高考的必考点与重难点。作为英语所独有的一种语法现象，非谓语动词在看重语言能力素养的时代，更有着不可替代的重要位置。例如高考写作的比例增加了，而优秀的叙述性写作少不了非谓语动词的应用。因此，高考对非谓语动词的考查力度不会减弱，只会加强。非谓语动词概述1什么是非谓语动词？非谓语动词是动词的特殊形式，在句子中可以充当谓语以外的成分。 2非谓语动词在句子中的作用一个句子中已存在一个主句(含谓语动词)，又没有连词的情况下，再出现一个动词则用非谓语动词。eg.She g

2、ot off the bus，but she left her handbag on the seat.(有并列连词，所以用谓语动词)She got off the bus，leaving her handbag on the seat.(没有连词，所以用非谓语动词)3 非谓语动词的种类：动词的-ing形式、过去分词和不定式。考点1不定式主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式to doto be done动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式to be doing与谓语动作同时发生完成式to have doneto have been done动作发生在谓语动作之前完成进行式to have been d

3、oing动作发生在谓语动作之前，且一直进行1.作主语(1)含义：表示某一次的具体动作或表示一般情况(2)谓语动词的数：动词不定式作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式(3)位置：动词不定式作主语时，可位于句首，也可位于句末(it作形式主语)To hesitate means failure.犹豫不决就意味着失败。2.作宾语(1)常见的可接不定式作宾语的动词：afford，agree，arrange，ask，attempt，choose，decide，demand，determine，expect， fail,，help，hope，learn，manage，offer， plan，pretend(假装)

4、，promise，prove，refuse，resolve(解决)，want，wish等。The company couldnt afford to pay such large salaries. 这个公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。She refused to be photographed.她拒绝让人拍照。(2)feel, find, think, believe, consider, make 这几个动词后接不定式作宾语，且宾语后有形容词/名词作宾补时，常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式放到宾补之后。I find it pleasant to work with him.我发现跟他一块儿工作挺

5、愉快。3.作表语动词不定式放在连系动词后作表语时，表示将来的情况或说明主语的内容。You must keep your promise, if we are to remain friends. 如果我们还要继续做朋友，你就必须信守诺言。4.作定语动词不定式作定语时通常位于所修饰的词语之后。I have many letters to write.我有许多信要写。5.作状语不定式作状语时，通常可表示原因，目的和结果。不定式一般不作时间状语、让步状语等。(1) 原因状语。不定式作原因状语时，通常位于情感类形容词或表示心理活动的形容词/过去分词之后，表示产生某种情感或心理活动的原因。He was

6、so excited to see you come. 看到你来他很激动。(2)目的状语。不定式作目的状语时可位于句首和句尾，动词不定式作目的状语时仅用一般式，且不定式前可加in order/so as，但so as to不能位于句首。He ran fast so as to catch the first bus.他一路奔跑以便赶上第一班公共汽车。(3)结果状语。不定式作结果状语时表示谓语动词所表示的动作的结果。构成不定式的动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，不定式用一般式。动词不定式之前有时可以加上only，以加强语气。A few days later he came back

7、 only to find that the troops had left.几天后他回来了，却发现部队已经离开了。He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own foot.他搬起石头却砸了自己的脚。6.作补语(1)ask, tell, invite, get, advise, allow, want, permit, warn, order,encourage, prefer, expect, force, wish,beg等动词后可接动词不定式作宾语补足语。My teacher encouraged me to study abroad.我的老师鼓励

8、我出国留学。(2)believe, consider,declare,find,imagine, prove, suppose,think等动词后可接to be+adj.作宾语补足语。I believe him to be honest.我相信他是诚实的。(3)with复合结构中，宾补可由不定式充当，不定式通常表示动作尚未发生。With a lot of work to do, he has no time to hang out with friends. 因有很多工作要做，他没时间与朋友一块儿出去玩。考点2动词的现在分词语态形式时态形式主动被动一般式doingbeing done完成式ha

9、ving donehaving been done 1动词-ing形式作主语(doing/being done作主语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动)(1)动名词短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首。谓语动词常常用单数，但表示多于一个的概念时，谓语动词则用复数。Playing cellphone games is his favourite.玩手机游戏是他的最爱。Dancing and skating are my hobbies，and I also like to read short stories.跳舞和溜冰是我的爱好，同时我也喜欢读短篇小说。Being laughed at in publi

10、c made me embarrassed.当众被人嘲笑让我感到尴尬。(2)有时用it作形式主语，常用于It is/was a waste (of.)/no use/no good doing sth.结构中。It is no use trying to persuade such a stubborn person.想要说服这样一个固执的人是没有什么用处的。2动词-ing形式作宾语(doing/being done作宾语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动)(1)动词-ing 形式可以作介词的宾语I help Mum out by doing the housework that I can do

11、.我通过做力所能及的家务活帮助妈妈。注意：以下短语中to 都是介词be used to doing习惯于object to 反对devote oneself to 致力于stick to坚持 pay attention to注意look forward to期盼adapt to适应adjust to (使)适应于owe.to归咎于be addicted to对上瘾(2)动词-ing形式可以作某些及物动词的宾语，只跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词有：mind(介意)，miss(错过)，mention(提到)，enjoy(喜欢)，escape(逃避)，practise(练习)，postpone(

12、推迟)，permit(允许)，suggest(建议)，stand(bear，tolerate)(忍受)，consider(考虑)，keep(保持)，avoid(避免)，admit(承认)，advise(建议)，allow(允许)，appreciate(感激)，risk(冒险)，resist(抵制)，recommend(建议)，finish(完成)，forbid(禁止)，imagine(想象)，dislike(不喜欢)，delay(延迟)，quit(放弃)，deny(否认)The thief kept running to avoid/escape being caught by the pol

13、ice.小偷不停地跑以避免/逃避被警察抓住。小汤姆正考虑放弃练习拉小提琴，因为他的邻居难以忍受每天听到这噪音。前几天，她答应每周给汤姆10美元如果他放弃练琴的话。 汤姆想象着有很多钱，忍不住接受了她的建议。3动词-ing形式作表语(1)doing作表语表示笼统的、抽象的概念。(此时doing 名词意义较强，doing/being done作表语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动)My hobby is reading books.我的兴趣爱好是读书。(2)如果是和情绪相关的动词-ing形式则形容词意义较强，表示“令人的”，往往物作主语。如：amazing，boring，confusing，disa

14、ppointing，exciting，frightening 等等。The news is surprising.这则消息令人吃惊。4动词-ing形式作定语(当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系且动作正在进行时，用doing；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作正在进行时，用being done)(1)单个的动词-ing 形式作定语，放在被修饰词之前。falling leaves正在落下的树叶a sleeping child睡着的孩子a swimming pool游泳池(动名词可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能)5动词-ing形式作状语Walking in the st

15、reet，I came across an old friend.走在大街上，我碰到一个老朋友。已经排了两小时的队，这个老人变得不耐烦了。6动词-ing形式作宾补 现在分词作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，结构为vt.sb./sth.doing.。可以用于此结构的动词(短语)有：“一感一抓一发现，二听四让和五看”(feel，catch，find，listen to/hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/look at/observe/notice)When I left school，I saw them playing basketbal

16、l on the playground.当我离开学校时，我看到他们在操场上打篮球。考点3动词的过去分词过去分词相当于adj. 和 adv. 的功能，所以，它可以作定语，状语，宾语补足语和表语。过去分词的用法，一是表完成，二是表被动。作定语过去分词作定语，如果是单个的词，常置于其所修饰的名词之前。如果是过去分词短语作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后。a _broken_(break) cup 一只打破的杯子(被动)badly-built house 修得很差的房子（完成）注意：过去分词作定语与v-ing形式，动词不定式作定语的区别。the risen sun 已升起的太阳（完成）the ris

17、ing sun 正在上升的太阳（进行）the fallen leaves 落在地上的叶子（完成）the falling leaves正在飘落的叶子（进行）2作表语The cup is broken. (表被动，完成)He is retired. (完成)注意 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别。The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. (被动语态，表示动作)The library is now closed. (过去分词作表语)注意 过去分词作表语与v-ing形式作表语的区别。interest, bore, worry, surprise,

18、 frighten等通常用其过去分词来修饰人，用v-ing形式来修饰物。The book is interesting and Im interested in it.We are excited at the news.3作宾语补足语: 过去分词作宾补，和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，要注意与动词不定式、v-ing形式作宾补的区别。能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词:(1) 表示感觉或心理状态的动词，如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。I heard the song sung in Englis

19、h。I heard her singing the song in the classroom.(2) 表示“使，致使”意义的词。如:have, make, get, keep, leave等。Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.4作状语, 表被动，完成的动作，和句子主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。_Given_(give) another hour, I can also work out this problem.注意：与动词不定式、v-ing形式作状语的区别。_Seen_(see) from

20、the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful. _To serve_(serve) the people well, I study hard. with + 复合宾语结构with + 名词 / 代词 + 形容词 Dont speak with your mouth full.with + 名词 / 代词 + 副词 The square looks more beautiful than ever with the lights on.with + 名词 / 代词 + 介词短语 He was asleep with his head on

21、his arms.with + 名词 / 代词 + v-ing She felt very nervous with so many people _looking_(look) at her.With the old man _leading_(lead), the two started toward the mountains.with + 名词 / 代词 + 不定式 With five minutes _to go_(go) before the last train left, we arrived here.with + 名词 / 代词 + -en分词 With his matte

22、r _settled_(settle), we left the room.一、单项选择1Many old residents are made _ taking exercise in the morning due to the bad air quality.AstopBstoppingCstoppedDto stop2Now that you are not feeling well, you might as well have an X-ray of your stomach _.Ato takeBtakeCtakenDtaking3The guest had their meal

23、 and left, with nothing _ on the desk.AremainsBremainingCto remainDremained4I prefer to have those advanced machines _ rather than let them _ by the enemies!Adestroyed; to be usedBto be destroyed; be usedCdestroyed; be usedDto be destroyed; used5_children to stay in touch with the nature, I think, w

24、ill benefit them in the long run.AEncouragedBEncourageCEncouragingDTo have encouraged6The bird flu _through Asia has jumped from birds to humans at least 20 times so far, _16 persons.Asweeps; killedBswept; killingCsweeping; to killDsweeping; killing7I didnt mean_you, but I had promised Jim that I wo

25、uldnt tell you where he had been.Ahaving cheatedBcheatingCto cheatDto be cheated8To be honest, Im not confident of completing the task_by the manager on time.AassignedBassigningCto assignDhaving been assigned9Its a pity that the great writer die with his works _.Ato finishBunfinishingCfinishedDunfin

26、ished10_ in his lessons, he knew nothing about the outside world.ABuryingBBuriedCBeing buriedDBeing burying11The teacher pretended _ what the children had done.Ato knowBto be knowingCknowingDto have known12The government is determined to spare no effort _ shelters for homeless people.Ato buildingBbu

27、ildingCto buildDin building13Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially _ to help them to succeed academically.AdesignedBdesigningCto designDbeing designed14Did you enjoy yourself last night? Yes, its very nice of you. I appreciate _ to the party.Ato be invitedBto have invitedCbe

28、ing invitedDhaving invited15Joann Childers,42 years old, said she was one of the first_the top of the mountain.AreachingBreachedCbeing reachedDto reach16_to Tans music is _a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences.ATo listen; to experienceBTo listen; experiencingCListening; to exper

29、ienceDListen; experiencing17As the train was pulling out, the boy waved his hands to his parents on board ,with tears_down his cheek.Ahaving rolledBrolledCto rollDrolling18_ on the authors own life, the book attracted a large number of readers when it was published.ABasedBBasingCHaving basedDBeing b

30、ased19Dr. James Naismith is believed _ the game of basketball, a sport loved by people all around the world.Ato inventBto have inventedCinventingDhaving invented20David never dreamed of_ a chance for him to win the first prize in singing.Athere wasBit beingCthere beingDit was21There was a nice littl

31、e present for everyone, with a suitable card _.AattachedBattachingCto attachDbeing attached22The cloth _ easily if _ on a table.Ameasures; spreadingBmeasures; spreadChas been measured; spreadDis measured; spreaded23It is said that Darwin once received a letter from his father _ that he would be a fa

32、ilure.ApredictedBhaving predictedCpredictingD to predict24_ that his son was out of danger, he fell asleep at ease after two sleepless nights.ATo convinceBConvincingCHaving convincedDConvinced25He is reported _ the novel about China at present.AwritingBto have writtenCto be writingDhaving written26H

33、earing the news, he ran out of the room in a hurry, _ the door _.Ato leave; openingBleft; openedCleaving; openedDleaving; open27The boy broke all the glasses on purpose; there is no doubt _ he deserves _.Athat; punishingBwhether; to be punishedCthat; to punishDwhether; punishment28When Mark Twain wa

34、s young he did _ he could _.Aall; earn his leavingBwhat; earn his livingCall; to earn his livingDwhat; earning his living29Its no use _ time _ that matter.Awasting;discussingBto waste; to discussCwasting; to discussDto waste; discussing30Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the

35、party.Aget changedBget changeCget changingDget to change 二、用单词的适当形式完成句子31He convinced the police department _ （allow） him to set up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. 32Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing _（evaluate） ourselves with a critical

36、 eye. 33Children feel abandoned or _（reject） if they don t see their parents regularly. 34He resigned himself to _(live) alone. 35The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people _(move)inside and outside the City Wall. 36I encourage readers _(go)to their local library when the

37、y cant afford to purchase a book. 37_(publish) in 1964, its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. 38He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, _(force) viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products. 39The beautiful long branches _(cover) with pink-colored buds make f

38、antastic decorations. 40This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way _(attract) customers. 41Chinese New Year is a celebration _（mark）the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 42Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza

39、Theater, employees were busy _(sweep)up popcorn and gathering coke cups. 43All customers _(travel)on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. 44Within days, I found myself having complete conversations in English and even _（use）idioms correctly. 45After picking boo

40、ks, borrowers are required _(present) the information such as their library membership cards and cellphone numbers. 46US biologist Stacey Harmer and her colleagues had it _(explain) in a recent paper published in the journal Science. 47Late last month, Karen Martinez noticed a small boy _(wander) on

41、 the street alone without any shoes. 48I dont think she intended me _（hear）the remark. 49He gave me full directions to enable me _(find) his house. 50The new teaching methods encourage children _(think) for themselves. 51He wiped his feet at the door and closed the door behind him, _(mean) that he w

42、as careful. 52Parkour pays more attention to efficiency, _（make）it different from the similar practice of free running. 53If I got one more chance to be 15-year-old, I would make full use of the school time _ (enrich) my knowledge. 54I go inside, excited to tell my grandpa about what Ive done, only

43、_（find）he is sleeping. 55_（encourage）by the progress he has made, he works harder. 56_(turn) around, we saw an old woman walking towards the river. 57Not _(know) her address or phone number, we couldnt get in touch with her. 58Though they did all they could _（help）them but times were tough for them.

44、 59On Christmas Day, I shared the spirit of giving by presenting relatives in the village with _(import) chocolates wrapped in festive gold paper. 60His poem, Second Farewell to Cambridge, is now a compulsory text on Chinese literature, _(learn) by millions of schoolchildren across our country every

45、 year. 61However, reading novels is not the only way _（improve）your English. 62The railway _(build) now will connect the village to a large city. 63We had to walk on a path _(make) by a line of bricks on the muddy ground. 64According to one study _(publish) in a cancer research journal, drinking gre

46、en tea reduces the risk of some types of cancer by nearly sixty percent. 65As we walked on, I said, I dont have cash, but why dont we ask him if he would like something _（eat）? 66Armed with this knowledge, theyre able to carry out individually _(target) campaigns to cheat people. 67During the long t

47、rip home, following a weekend of hunting, Ehlers thought about the small dog he had seen _（tremble）alongside the road. 68The people all over the country are excited about the success in _（launch）a new satellite. 69These are posters _（alert）people to the risks of smoking. 70Tom was on his feet now, h

48、is body _(tremble) with anger. 71Im not a trained musician, but Ive learnt _ (read) music so I can help Maria in her performance. 72My first job was _(work) at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. 73I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _（look） directly into his eyes so he doesnt fe

49、el challenge. 74The class experiment that day was _(show) how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. 75My colleague refused _(accept) it, saying that we were all just doing our job. 76And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communicat

50、ion, youll know you have succeeded in _ (improve) your work culture. 77Next time you visit Bob, remember _（give） him a call in advance. 78We cant put off _ (buy) a new printer for our company. The one we have doesnt work. 79It is traditional _(bring) a gift to a housewarming party. 80To help us prep

51、are for the exam, the teacher suggested _（read） through our notes. 81_（return）to a book youve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. 82_(use) emojis can a humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 83To do that would be _(cut) the foot to fit the shoe. 84We really cant go on _(liv

52、e) like thiswell have to find a bigger house. 85Please remember _（give）me a phone call when you get there. 86I regret _(tell) you that you cant be my assistant for your broken English. 87He insisted on _ （put）the agreement down in black and white. 88I avoided _(mention)the subject in case he should

53、be offended. 89Instead of trying _(make)up for lost time, as many might do, he resigned on the spot.90There is no doubt that the event will attract more visitors to enjoy _(visit) this wonderful city. 91I believe some of you once dreamed of _(become) famous. 92Wherever he is, he makes it a rule _（ta

54、ke） part in physical labour. 93I dont know how they managed _(bring) up four children. 94You can imagine how excited I was when I saw the bike, and I begged my uncle to teach me how _（ride） it right away. 95It is a waste of time _（discuss）such matters with her. 96_（say） is one thing, and doing is an

55、other. 97Its no good _（complain）never listen. 98_(suffer) from cancer made him painful and in low spirits. 99It was popular _(decorate)bridges with sculpted stone lions. 100It is impossible _(know) every specific problem that we will come across. 试卷第13页，共13页学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网

56、（北京）股份有限公司参考答案1D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于空气质量不好，许多老居民被要求停止早上锻炼。make sb. do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使某人做某事”，其中不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但该结构用于被动语态时，需补上不定式符合to，即sb. be made to do sth.；分析句子可知，句中使用了该结构的被动语态，应用不定式作主语补足语。故选D项。2C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：既然你感到不舒服，你最好去给你的胃拍个X光片子。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“have+宾语+过去分词作宾补”的结构，这里的“take”和“an X-ray of your stom

57、ach”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。故选C。3B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：客人吃完饭就走了，桌上一无所有。分析句子结构，此句为with复合结构，此处动词用非谓语动词形式，remain意为“剩余”，不能用被动语态，用现在分词形式表状态，remaining符合题意。故选B项。4C【详解】考查动词。句意：我宁愿让那些先进的机器被摧毁，也不愿让敌人使用它们！分析句子结构，第一空格前have为使役动词，have sth. done使被做，此处done作宾语补足语，表被动含义，destroyed与machines构成被动关系，用过去分词形式；let也为使役动词，let sb do s

58、th.,空格二的动词use与前面them构成被动关系，用be used形式。综合以上分析，故选C项。5C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：鼓励孩子们与大自然保持联系，我认为，从长远来看，对他们是有益的。A. Encouraged鼓励，动词过去式或过去分词；B. Encourage鼓励，动词原形； C. Encouraging鼓励，动词现在分词或动名词； D. To have encouraged鼓励，动词不定式的完成式。分析句子可知I think是插入语，encourage sb. to do sth.，意为：鼓励某人做某事，句子陈述客观事实，用动名词在句中作主语符合题意。故选C。6D【详解】考查

59、非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，席卷亚洲的禽流感已经从鸟类传播到人类至少20次，造成16人死亡。A.sweeps; killed 席卷；杀死；B.swept; killing 席卷；杀死；C.sweeping; to kill席卷；杀死；D.sweeping; killing席卷；杀死。分析句子可知谓语动词是has jumped，推断两个空格处都是非谓语动词，排除A选项（sweeps是第三人称单数）；第一空处The bird flu和sweep之间是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语，排除B（swept是过去式或过去分词）；第二空处用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺其自然的结果，排除C（动词不定式表示出乎

60、意料的结果）。故选D。7C【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我不是有意欺骗你，但我答应过Jim，我不会告诉你他去了哪里。四个选项均表示“欺骗”，A. having cheated现在分词的完成式；B. cheating现在分词；C. to cheat不定式；D. to be cheated不定式的被动形式。根据短语mean to do sth表示“打算做某事”可知，此处需填入不定式。故选C。【点睛】8A【详解】考查过去分词。句意：老实说，我对按时完成经理分配的任务没有信心。分析句子可知，the task与assign在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选A项。【点睛】9D【详解】考查非

61、谓语动词。句意：这位伟大的作家尚未创作完成这部作品就盍然而逝。分析句子结构可知，此处为“with+ sth+现在分词/过去分词（宾补）”的复合结构，his works与所给动词之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式；又根据句意可知，他的作品并未完成，故填D项。10B【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他埋头于功课，对外面的世界一无所知。be buried in“埋头于”为固定短语，本句省略be用过去分词作状语。故选B项。【点睛】11D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：老师假装知道孩子们已经做了什么。pretend to do sth. 假装做某事，这里表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，所以用不定式的完成式。故选D。1

62、2C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：政府决心不遗余力地为无家可归的人提供居所。spare no effort to do sth.意为“不遗余力做某事”，是固定搭配，故选C项。13A【详解】考查过去分词。句意：大多数大学现在都为一年级学生开设一门专门为帮助他们在学业上取得成功而设计的课程。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是offer，空格处用非谓语动词形式，course和design之间是被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故选A。14C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨晚玩得开心吗？是的，你真好。我很感激能被邀请参加聚会。表示“感激做某事”短语为appreciate doing sth.

63、，且I与invite构成被动关系，故用being done形式。故选C。15D【详解】考查非谓语。句意：42岁的Joann Childers说她是第一批到达山顶的人之一。被修饰词有序数词修饰时，用不定式作后置定语。故选D。【点睛】16A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：聆听谭的音乐是体验中国音乐传统和西方影响的融合。非谓语动词不定式做主语时，要对应动词不定式作表语；动名词作主语则对应动名词作表语。故选A项。17D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当火车开出时，男孩向车上的父母挥了挥手，泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。分析句子结构可知，“with tears_down his cheek.”作状语，是with复合

64、结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，且tears和roll之间是主动关系，此处应用现在分词形式rolling，故选D。18A【详解】考查非谓语动词，句意：这本书以作者自己的生活为基础，出版时吸引了大量的读者。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词作状语，base sth. on sth.是固定搭配，表示“以.为基础”，主语是人，此处base的逻辑主语是the book(这本书)，二者之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故选A。19B【详解】考查不定式的时态。句意：人们相信James Naismith博士发明了篮球运动，这项运动受到全世界人民的喜爱。四个选项均表示“发明”。A. to invent不

65、定式；B. to have invented不定式的完成式；C. inventing现在分词；D. having invented现在分词的完成式。本句中sb. be believed后接不定式to do表示“人们相信某人做某事”，根据句意可知，不定式to do的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，因而用完成式。故选B。 20C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大卫做梦也没有想到他会有机会获得歌唱一等奖。前文介词of后接动名词作宾语，故排除A、D项，动名词短语there being意为“有”，符合句意。故选C项。21A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都有一份精美的小礼物，附上一张合适的卡片。此处为wi

66、th的复合结构with+宾语+宾补，且card与attach构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故选A。22B【详解】考查时态、语态和非谓语动词。句意：如果被平铺在桌上，这块布料很好测量。主句中，谓语动词measure (测量)，此处用主动形式表被动含义，表事物的属性和功能，讲现在发生的动作，时态用一般现在时。if引导条件状语，与主句主语the cloth之间是被动关系，故用过去分词spread表被动，可补充为状语从句if it is spread on the cloth。故选B。23C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说达尔文有一次收到他父亲的一封信，信中预言他将是一个失败者。分析句子结构可知

67、predict在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语letter构成主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故选C。24D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：确信儿子已脱离危险，他在两个不眠之夜后安然入睡。短语be convinced表示“确信”，分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入非谓语形式作状语。故选D。25C【详解】考查不定式的时态。句意：据报道，他目前正在写关于中国的小说。sb./sth. be reported后需接不定式to do，由at present可知表示“目前正在做”，因而用不定式的进行式。故选C。【点睛】26D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到消息，他急忙跑出房间，门还开着。A. to leave

68、; opening要留下，正在打开；B. left; opened已经被留下，已经被打开；C. leaving; opened留下，已经被打开；D. leaving; open留下，开着的。第一空，分析句子结构，ran是谓语动词，空处应用非谓语动词形式，结合句意，他急忙跑出去，自然而然忘记了关门，留下门是开着的，应用现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果，所以第一空填写leaving；第二空，空处作宾语补足语，说明宾语the door的状态，应用形容词open，表示“开着的”，所以第二空填写open。故选D项。27A【详解】考查同位语从句和非谓语。句意：男孩故意打碎了所有的玻璃杯；毫无疑问，他应该

69、受到惩罚。A. that; punishing那，惩罚；B. whether; to be punished是否，将被惩罚；C. that; to punish那，将惩罚；D. whether; punishment是否，惩罚。第一空，分析句子结构，there is no doubt表示“毫无疑问”，后接that引导同位语从句，说明no doubt的内容，所以第一空填写that；第二空，deserve doing sth.表示“某事值得做”，所以第二空填写punishing。故选A项。28C【详解】考查代词及非谓语动词。句意：马克吐温年轻的时候，为了谋生，他竭尽全力。分析句子可知，空1应填代词

70、all，作did的宾语，(that) he could (do)作定语从句修饰all；空2应使用to引导的不定式，作目的状语。故选C项。29A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：浪费时间讨论那件事没有用处。A. wasting; discussing浪费，讨论；B. to waste; to discuss浪费，讨论；C. wasting; to discuss浪费，讨论；D. to waste; discussing浪费，讨论。第一空，Its no use doing sth.表示“做某事没有用处”，其中It是形式主语，空处是动名词短语作真正的主语，所以第一空填写wasting；第二空，waste

71、 time in doing sth.表示“浪费时间做某事”，其中介词in可以省略，所以第二空填写discussing。故选A项。30A【详解】考查固定用法。句意：Sarah，快点。恐怕你在聚会前没有时间换衣服了。have time to do sth,为固定用法，意为“有时间做某事”，而get changed为固定短语，意为“换衣服”。故选A项。31to allow【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他说服警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立两个“聊天椅”。短语convince. to do sth.“说服做某事” ，使用不定式作宾补，故填to allow。32to evaluate【详解】考查不定

72、式。句意：如果我们愿意用批判的眼光来评价我们自己，理解这些原因将会控制我们自己的愤怒。be willing to do sth.是固定短语，意为“愿意做某事”，故填to evaluate。33rejected【详解】考查过去分词。句意：孩子们如果不能经常见到父母，就会感到被遗弃或被拒绝。根据语境可知，孩子感到被拒绝，空格处用过去分词rejected表被动，故填rejected。34living【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他只好一个人生活。句中to是介词，后面用动名词作宾语。故填living。35moving【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这堵墙有12米高，从这里你可以看到人流在城墙内外流动。s

73、ee sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事,see作宾语补足语，根据句意，表示正在进行的动作，且为主动，用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填moving。36to go【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我鼓励那些买不起书的读者去当地的图书馆。encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事，不定式作宾补。根据句意，故填to go。37Published【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书出版于1964年，是关于他20世纪20年代巴黎的经典回忆录。it与publish之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Published。38forcing【详解】考查非谓

74、语动词。句意：他用塑料垃圾制作成巨大的雕塑，迫使观看者们重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系。主语He与force之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。故填forcing。39covered【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：美丽的长树枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，是极好的装饰品。分析句子结构可知cover在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且branches与cover之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填covered。40to attract【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这对餐馆和商店等企业很有用，因为它提供了一种吸引顾客的新方式。a way to do sth.表示“做某事的方式”，不定式短语作后置定语。

75、故填to attract。41marking【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国新年是一个标志着冬季结束和春天开始的庆典。分析可知，空白处及之后内容作名词celebration的定语，a celebration与mark之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语作定语。故填marking。42sweeping【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天，最后一部电影在广场剧院结束后几分钟，员工们忙着清扫爆米花和收集可乐杯。be busy doing sth.忙于做某事，用动名词作宾语，故填sweeping。43travelling【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有乘坐TransLink的乘客在上车前必须持有有效车

76、票。非谓语动词travel和所修饰的名词customers之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词短语作后置定语。故填travelling。44using【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：几天之内，我发现自己可以用英语进行完整的对话，甚至可以正确地使用习语。动词find后宾语myself与use之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。根据句意，故填using。45to present【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：借书人在选书之后，必须提供他们的图书馆会员卡和手机号码等信息。固定短语：require sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，句中borrowers与动词require为动宾关系，所以

77、此处要用不定式作宾补。故填to present。46explained【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：美国生物学家斯泰西哈默和她的同事在最近发表在科学杂志上的一篇论文中解释了这一现象。have sth. done为固定用法，空处需填过去分词作宾语补足语。故填explained。47wandering【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上月末，凯伦马丁内斯注意到一个小男孩独自在街上闲逛，没有穿鞋。此处为短语notice sb. doing sth.表示“注意到某人在做某事”。故填wandering。48to hear【详解】考查不定式作宾语。句意：我不认为她想让我听到这句话。分析句子可知，intend一

78、词为“打算，意图”。intend sb to do sth固定用法“打算让某人做某事”，故填to hear。49to find【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他告诉我完整的线路，以便我能找到他的家。enable sb.to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”，enable为动词，后跟to do做宾语补足语，故填to find。50to think【详解】考查不定式。句意：新的教学方法鼓励孩子们独立思考。encourage sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，因此空格处需填不定式to think作宾语补足语，故填to think。51meaning【详解】考查非谓语

79、动词。句意：他在门上擦了擦脚，然后关上了身后的门，意味着他很小心。分析句子结构可知mean在句中应用非谓语动词，与逻辑主语He wiped his feet at the door and closed the door behind him构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填meaning。52making【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：跑酷更注重效率，这与自由跑不同。设空处在句中作非谓语，在句中作结果状语，应用现在分词的形式。故答案为making。53to enrich【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果我能有机会回到15岁，我会充分利用学校的时间来丰富我的知识。分析句子结构可知此处enri

80、ch作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to enrich。54to find【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我走了进去，兴奋地想告诉爷爷我做了什么，却发现他在睡觉。only to do表示出乎意料的结果。根据句意，故填to find。55Encouraged【详解】考查非谓语。句意：被他取得的进步所鼓励，他工作更努力了。分析句子可知，设空处是句子的状语，所给动词encourage鼓励和逻辑主语构成被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填encouraged。56Turning【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们转过身来，看见一位老太太正朝河边走去。分析句子结构可知turn在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语we

81、构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Turning。57knowing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于不知道她的地址和电话号码，我们无法和她联系。设空处在在句中作非谓语动词，和句子的逻辑主语we之间是逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词。故填knowing。58to help【详解】考查不定式。句意：虽然他们尽其所能帮助他们，但时代对他们来说是艰难的。分析句子可知，“they could”作定语，修饰all ，help作目的状语，用不定式形式，故填to help。【点睛】59imported【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在圣诞节那天，我分享了一种奉献的精神，用金色的节日纸包着进口

82、巧克力送给村里的亲戚。分析句子结构可知import在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语chocolates构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填imported。60learned/learnt【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的诗再别康桥现在已经成为中国文学的必修课本，每年都有数百万的中国学生学习这首诗。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，his poem和learn为逻辑上的动宾关系，需填过去分词作状语。故填learned/learnt。61to improve【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，阅读小说并不是提高英语水平的唯一途径。固定短语：the only way to do“唯一做某事的方式”，

83、不定式此处为定语，根据句中提示，故填to improve。62being built【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在正在建设的这座铁路将会把这个村子和大城市连接起来。分析可知，空白部分在句中作后置定语修饰名词the railway，和名词为动宾关系，所以此处要用现在分词的被动式being built，表示“正在被建设的”，故填being built。63made【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们不得不走在泥泞的地面上由一排砖砌成的小路上。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词had，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，path和make为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填made。64published【详

84、解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据发表在癌症研究杂志上的一项研究，喝绿茶可以将患某些癌症的风险降低近60%。分析可知，句子中已有谓语“reduces”，所填动词应是非谓语动词，作之前名词“one study(一项研究)”的后置定语，动词“publish(发表；刊登)”与其之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填published。65to eat【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们一边继续走，我一边说：“我没带钱，但我们为什么不问问他想不想吃点东西呢?”此处用不定式作后置定语，修饰 something。动作的逻辑主语是he，所以用不定式的主动形式。根据句意，故填to eat。66targeted【详解

85、】考查非谓语动词。句意：有了这方面的知识，他们就能够进行单独的有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。分析句子结构可知target在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语campaigns构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填targeted。67trembling【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过一个周末的打猎，埃勒斯在回家的漫长旅途中想起了他在路边看到的那条颤抖的小狗。seedoing sth“看到正在做某事”是习惯用法，符合句意，现在分词在定语从句中作宾语（先行词）的补足语。故填trembling。68launching【详解】考查非谓语。句意：全国人民都对新飞船的成功发射感到兴奋。根据句子结构和意思可知

86、，这里考查动名词短语做介词“in”的宾语。故填launching。69alerting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些是提醒人们吸烟的危害的海报。分析句子，可知谓语动词是系动词are，空格处需要填入非谓语动词作后置定语， posters和alert之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词alerting作后置定语修饰名词posters。故填alerting。70trembling【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆站了起来，气得浑身发抖。分析句子结构可知，此处是独立主格结构，his body与tremble之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填trembling。71to read【详解】考查动词不定式。句

87、意：我不是训练有素的音乐家，但我已经学会了识谱，这样我就可以在玛丽亚的表演中帮助她。learn to do sth. (学会做某事)。故填to read。72working【详解】考查动名词。句意：我的第一份工作是16岁时在尤凯亚图书馆工作。此处表示一般的、泛指的行为，用动名词作表语。故填working。73looking【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我自降身份，迅速低下头，避免直视他的眼睛，以免他感到挑战。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配“avoid doing”避免做某事的意思，avoid后接动名词作宾语。故填looking。74to show【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：那天的课

88、堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器是如何使空气冒泡到表面的。动词不定式短语作表语，表示某一次具体的动作。故填to show。75to accept【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是在做自己分内的事情。refuse to do sth. (拒绝做某事)，用动词不定式作宾语。故填to accept。76improving【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你的员工开始在他们的商务交流中加入微笑表情时，你就会知道你已经成功地改善了你的工作文化。此处是动词短语succeed in doing sth.“成功地做某事”，应用动名词，作宾语。故填improving。77to give【

89、详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下次你去拜访鲍勃的时候，记得要提前给他打个电话。根据语境判断此处表示“记得要做某事”，事情还没做，所以用固定搭配remember to do sth.，不定式作宾语。故填to give。78buying【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们不能推迟为我们公司买一台新打印机了。我们现有的那个坏了。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“put off doing sth.”，意为“推迟做某事”，“put off”后接动名词作宾语，“buy”意为“买”，动词词性，动名词形式为“buying”。故填buying。79to bring【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一

90、种传统。此处是“It is + adj. + to do sth.”句式，it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。故填to bring。80reading【详解】考查动名词。句意：为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。suggest doing sth. 表示“建议做某事”，为固定搭配，空处应填入动名词reading作宾语。故填reading。81Returning【详解】考查动名词。句意：重新读一本你读了很多遍的书，感觉就像和一个老朋友一起喝酒。句中主语成分不完整，固定搭配return to“返回，重返”，由句子结构分析可知，动词为can feel，所以return应用动名词作主语，

91、故填returning。82Using【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持意图清晰。此处用动名词短语作主语，首字母大写。故填Using。83to cut【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那样做无异于削足适履。主语是动词不定式时，表语也应用动词不定式。故填to cut。84living【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们真的不能再这样生活下去了，我们得找一栋更大的房子。go on doing (继续做)，用动名词形式作宾语。故填living。85to give【详解】考查动词。句意：请记住，当你到达那里给我打电话。remember to do：记住要做某事。故填to give

92、。【点睛】86to tell【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我很遗憾地告诉你，你英语不好，不能做我的助手。regret to do sth. (遗憾要做某事)，用动词不定式形式。故填to tell。87putting【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意：他坚持要把这项协议用白纸黑字写下来。固定搭配：insist on doing sth.“坚持做某事”，其中动名词作宾语。故答案为 putting。88mentioning【详解】考查动名词。句意：我避免提及这个问题，以免冒犯他。句中已有谓语动词avoided，mention应用非谓语动词形式，avoid doing为固定搭配，表示“避免做某事”，动名词

93、作宾语，故填mentioning。89to make【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他并没有像许多人那样，试图弥补失去的时间，而是当场辞职。try to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“尝试着去做某事；努力做某事”。根据句意，故填to make。90visiting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：毫无疑问，这项活动将会吸引许多的游客来参观这座美妙的城市。enjoy后接动词-ing做宾语，该短语为固定搭配，其含义为喜欢做某事。故填visiting。91becoming【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我相信你们中有人曾梦想成名。设空处在句中作非谓语，前为介词of，设空处应为动名词形式作宾语，结合句意。故填

94、becoming。92to take【详解】考查不定式。句意：无论在哪里，他都要参加体力劳动。make it a rule to do sth.是固定短语，意为“养成做某事的习惯”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，因此空格处用不定式to take，故填to take。93to bring【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我不知道他们是怎么抚养四个孩子的。manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”，为固定搭配，动词不定式作宾语，故填to bring。94to ride【详解】考查疑问词+不定式。句意：你可以想象当我看到自行车的时候，我有多兴奋，我马上请求我的叔叔教我如何骑它。固定

95、搭配：teach sb. to do sth.“教某人做某事”；该句中疑问词how+不定式to ride在句中作宾语补足语。故答案为to ride。95discussing【详解】考查动名词。句意：和她讨论这些事情是浪费时间。分析可知，It是形式主语，因此空格处是真正的主语，要用动名词。故填discussing。96Saying【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：说是一回事，做是另一回事。此处是动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为Saying。97complaining【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：抱怨是没有用的。你从来都不听。根据句子分析可知，此处为固定句型it is no go

96、od doing sth.意为“做某事是没用的”，在此句型中，it为形式主语，动名词doing为真正的主语。故填complaining。98Suffering【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：癌症的折磨使他痛苦而且情绪低落。分析句子结构可知suffer在句中作主语，应用动名词形式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Suffering。99to decorate【详解】考查非谓语。句意：用雕刻的石狮子装饰大桥是很流行的。根据句子结构可知，句型It is +adj.+to do表示“做某事是的”，it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语是真正的主语。故填to decorate。100to know【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：知道我们将遇到的每一个具体问题是不可能的。It is + adj. + to do sth.，It是形式主语，动词不定式是真正主语。故填to know。答案第17页，共17页