2022年高考英语一轮复习 考点规范练14（含解析）新人教版.docx

1、考点规范练14.阅读理解AOne of my first memories as a child in the 1950s was a discussion I had with my brother in our tiny bedroom in the family house in Bethlehem,Pennsylvania.We had heard in school about a planet called Pluto.It was the farthest,coldest,and darkest thing a child could imagine.We guessed how

2、 long it would take to die if we stood on the surface of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on.We tried to figure out how much colder Pluto was than the Antarctic,or than the coldest day we had ever experienced in Pennsylvania.Pluto,which famously was downgraded from a “major planet

3、” to a “dwarf planet(矮行星)”in 2006,captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system.Plutos underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so attractive.Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built

4、 telescopes out of spare auto parts,old farm equipment and self-ground lenses.As an assistant at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff,Arizona,Tombaughs task was to search millions of stars for a moving point of light,a planet that the observatorys founder thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune.On Fe

5、bruary 18,1930,Tombaugh found it.Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American,and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depressions dark encroachment (入侵).Pluto is much more than something that is not a planet.Its a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our o

6、wn and that the sky isnt the limit at all.We dont know what kinds of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get there to look.1.Why did Pluto become famous in 2006 according to the passage?A.Because it disappeared in the sky.B.Because it lost its major planet status.C.B

7、ecause it was discovered by an American.D.Because it was proved to be the coldest planet in the universe.2.What can be a suitable title for the passage?A.Plutos RomanceB.Pluto Was First Discovered by a BoyC.An American Scientist:Clyde TombaughD.The Days I Spent with My Brother in Pennsylvania3.What

8、can we learn from the fourth paragraph?A.Clyde Tombaugh discovered the darkness in the Great Depression.B.Pluto was the only planet that was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh.C.Clyde Tombaughs telescopes used for searching stars were very simple.D.Clyde Tombaughs job was to build telescopes for Lowell Ob

9、servatory.4.The underlined sentence in the last paragraph is most likely to mean .A.Pluto is no less than a planet in the solar systemB.Pluto is much more than a planet in the solar systemC.Pluto is more important than any other planet in the skyD.Pluto is not a planet in the solar system,but it is

10、more than a planetBMany years ago,people relied on the sun,the moon and stars to find their way around.Later,the compass was introduced.Andnow,we have satnav(卫星导航) systems to guide us.The earliest built satnav system is the Global Positioning System,which belongs to the US.Then there is Russias Glob

11、al Navigation(导航) Satellite System,the European Unions Galileo and Chinas own satellite navigation system,BeiDou.On October 14,2017,an ARJ21-700 plane,which was the first domestically-produced jet equipped with the BeiDou navigation system,successfully completed a test flight.The results showed the

12、performance of the system developed by China matches that of similar systems produced abroad,according to the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China.Since its introduction in 2000,theBeiDou navigation system has seen increasing numbers of applications linked to everyday life,from shared bikes to f

13、arming.When it comes to shared bikes,smart locks that support BeiDou chips offer more accurate positioning than others,making it easier to find a bike.Farmers can use BeiDou-enabled tractors to plow(犁) the soil and use unmanned aircraft with BeiDou to sow seeds,which can improve efficiency and make

14、better use of resources.BeiDous farming applications have spread from Heilongjiang province to Beijing,Liaoning,Shanxi,Hubei and other regions across China.With its many uses,theBeiDou navigation system is even playing a big role in the Belt and Road Initiative.Today,there are more than 20 BeiDou sa

15、tellites above our heads,and China plans to launch even more this year to expand the BeiDou network to better serve the Belt and Road Initiative.“As BeiDou expands its overseas reach,it will be increasingly popular in the logistics(物流) industry,” said Miao Qianjun,secretary-general of the navigation

16、 services association.“Ships,forexample,can use it to position themselves while sailing across oceans to European countries,no longer limited to Southeast Asian regions in the near future.”5.What is the purpose of the first two paragraphs?A.To compare some modern satnav systems.B.To describe the ben

17、efits of satnav systems.C.To tell us how satnav systems were created.D.To introduce some satnav systems and their functions.6.What can we know about the BeiDou navigation system according to the article?A.It was used successfully in a jet plane.B.It is more powerful than other satnav systems.C.It wa

18、s introduced to China on October 14,2017.D.It wasnt used in our everyday life until recently.7.The BeiDou navigation system is already widely used for .A.plowing the soil and sowing seedsB.improving the efficiency of networksC.producing more smart locks for shared bikesD.navigating ships across ocea

19、ns to European countries8.What is Miao Qianjuns attitude toward the future of the BeiDou system?A.Worried.B.Casual.C.Positive.D.Doubtful.七选五阅读(2019河南六市一模)If youre going abroad for college,you might be thinking about how to get yourself a safe and cozy home for the years ahead.Ofcourse,dormitories ar

20、e always a good place to start.But some large state colleges require juniors to live off-campus due to the limited number of dorm rooms.1.Howtofindahouse2.If you are just a freshman or dont know many people,dont hesitate to approach some upperclassmen in your classes or clubs.More often than not,upp

21、erclassmen have more experience with renting and are more familiar with the area your school is in.Another good idea is to talk to seniors who are currently living off-campus.These seniors landlords will most likely be looking for new tenants(房客) after graduation.Also,registered realtors(房地产经纪人) mig

22、ht be able to find you a place for a fee.Inaddition,the Internet can also provide some useful information.3.RoommatesHaving roommates can not only save us some money,but also give us valuable companionship.However,remember that finding the right roommates for you is the most important thing,other th

23、an safety concerns.4.,definitely do not lie about your preferences,schedule,orhabits,even if talking about them could make you uncomfortable.On the other side,also remember to ask your potential roommates to tell you about themselves in detail.5.,please do everybody a favor by being upfront about it

24、.Constantly running into conflicts with your quiet roommate is definitely the last thing you want.A.If you are a party animalB.While looking for roommatesC.Get along well with your roommatesD.When having a chat with your roommateE.First,you can ask your friends who are already living off-campusF.How

25、ever,be really careful if you get in touch with strangers through the InternetG.Nonetheless,renting an apartment can give you some hands-on experience with living.短文改错Everyone of us are thinking about the future.I have decided to become a middle school teacher.Does it sound surprised?I have had this

26、 dream when I was a child.I love children.I dont think to deal with them all years round is just wasting time.On the contrary,to me it means happiness.Like we all can see,teachers are badly needed in our country,and not many of us want to become teachers.One of the main reasons of this is teachers w

27、ork too hard and have much pressure.In spite of that,Im determining to devote all my life in the cause of education.考点规范练14(必修3Unit4).【解题导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了冥王星的传奇故事及其被发现的过程以及对人类的意义。1.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pluto,whichfamouslywasdowngradedfromamajorplanettoadwarfplanetin2006.”可知,2006年冥王星之所以出名是因为其地位下降了,从一个重要的行星变成

28、了一颗矮行星。2.A主旨大意题。根据文章的整体内容可推知,本文主要介绍了冥王星被发现的过程以及对人类的意义,故“冥王星的传奇故事”适合做文章的标题。3.C推理判断题。根据第四段的第二句“ClydeTombaughwasaKansasfarmboywhobuilttelescopesoutofspareautoparts,oldfarmequipmentandself-groundlenses.”可知,克莱德汤博所使用的望远镜比较简单。4.D句意猜测题。根据最后一段的第二句“Itsareminderthattherearemanyworldsouttherebeyondourownandthat

29、theskyisntthelimitatall.”和第三段中的“.becauseitwasamysterythatcouldcompleteourpictureofwhatitwaslikeatthemostremotecornersofoursolarsystem.”可推知,冥王星虽然不是太阳系边缘的行星,但是它的发现意义重大,比行星还重要。【解题导语】自2000年投入使用以来,中国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统在日常生活中的应用越来越多。5.D推理判断题。根据第一段的“.theGlobalPositioningSystem.RussiasGlobalNavigationSatelliteSys

30、tem,theEuropeanUnionsGalileoandChinasownsatellitenavigationsystem,BeiDou.”可知,前两段的主要目的是介绍一些卫星导航系统以及各自的功能。故选D项。6.A细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“OnOctober14,2017,anARJ21-700plane,whichwasthefirstdomestically-producedjetequippedwiththeBeiDounavigationsystem,successfullycompletedatestflight.”可知A项正确。7.A细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句“

31、FarmerscanuseBeiDou-enabledtractorstoplowthesoilanduseunmannedaircraftwithBeiDoutosowseeds.”可知,农民们能够使用配有北斗导航系统的拖拉机和无人机进行耕地播种。故选A项。8.C推理判断题。在最后一段中他提到“随着北斗系统不断扩展其海外服务区域,它将在物流行业日益普及。比如,船只在航行至欧洲国家的途中可以用北斗系统对自身进行定位,而不只是局限于东南亚地区”。由此可推断出他对BeiDou系统的前景是非常乐观的。故选C项。.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。如果你要出国读大学,你可能会考虑如何在未来几年给自己找一个

32、安全舒适的家。当然,宿舍总是首选。但一些大型州立大学由于宿舍数量有限,要求大三学生住在校外。文章就如何租到合适的公寓给出了几点建议。1.G根据上文“Butsomelargestatecollegesrequirejuniorstoliveoff-campusduetothelimitednumberofdormrooms.”可知,一些大型州立大学由于宿舍数量有限,要求大三学生住在校外。根据下文“Howtofindahouse”可知,G项“尽管如此,租一套公寓可以给你一些实际的生活经验”符合此处语境。2.E根据下文“Ifyouarejustafreshmanordontknowmanypeopl

33、e,donthesitatetoapproachsomeupperclassmeninyourclassesorclubs.”(如果你只是一个大一新生,或者不认识很多人,不要犹豫,在你的班级或俱乐部里找一些高年级的同学)以及上文“somelargestatecollegesrequirejuniorstoliveoff-campus”(一些大型州立大学要求大三学生住在校外)可知,E项“首先,你可以问问已经住在校外的朋友”符合此处语境。3.F根据上文“Inaddition,Facebookgroupscanalsoprovidesomeusefulinformation.”(此外,Faceboo

34、k群组还可以提供一些有用的信息)可知,F项“然而,如果你通过互联网与陌生人联系,一定要小心”符合此处语境。4.B根据本段小标题Roommates(室友)可知,B项“寻找室友的时候”符合此处语境,意为“在寻找室友的时候,绝对不要谎报你的喜好、时间表或习惯,即使谈论这些会让你感到不舒服”。故B项正确。5.A根据下文“Constantlyrunningintoconflictswithyourquietroommateisdefinitelythelastthingyouwant.”(和安静的室友经常发生冲突绝对是你最不想看到的事情)可知,此处指“如果你是聚会迷,请开诚布公,把问题摆到桌面上谈清楚”

35、,由此可知A项正确。.Everyoneofusareis thinking about the future.I have decided to become a middle school teacher.Does it sound surprisedsurprising?I have had this dream when I was a child.I love children.I dont think to deal with them all yearsyear round is just wasting time.On the contrary,to me it means happiness.LikeAs we all can see,teachers are badly needed in our country,andbut not many of us want to become teachers.One of the main reasons offor this isthat teachers work too hard and have much pressure.In spite of that,Imdeterminingdetermined to devote all my life into the cause of education.