河北省正定中学2020-2021学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、河北正定中学高一开学考试英语试卷第一部分 听力（共两节）第一节（共5小题）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What time will the speakers leave?A. At about 1:40. B. At about 1:50. C. At about 2:30.2. What is the woman going to do?A. Brush her teeth. B. Wash her hair. C. Have

2、 a bath.3. What does the man think of Jacks French learning?A. Itll be expensive. B. Itll be challenging. C. Itll be easy.4. Where are the speakers?A. In the library. B. In the restaurant. C. At home.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. An action film. B. An adventure story. C. A class task.第二节

3、（共15小题）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Where did the woman find the diary?A. Under the sofa. B. Behind the piano. C. Under the clothes.7. What is the man like?A. Untidy. B. Selfish. C. Dishonest.

4、听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Why does the man call the woman?A. To ask where she is.B. To tell her when to meet.C. To change the meeting place.9. Where do the speakers usually meet?A. By the statue. B. By the post office. C. By the cash machine.10. How long did the woman wait for the man?A. 20 minutes. B. 30

5、minutes. C. 60 minutes.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What is the mans project about?A. The animals. B. The deserts. C. The rainforest.12. What makes the woman feel uncomfortable?A. The spiders. B. The snakes. C. The sloths.13. Whats the possible relationship between the speakers?A. Couples. B. Classmates. C.

6、 Colleagues.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. What does the woman usually do on weekends?A. Go shopping with the man.B. Look after her fathers store.C. Do a part-time job in a bike shop.15. What is the weather like now?A. Its cold. B. Its cool. C. Its warm.16. How does the man usually go to work?A. By bike. B. B

7、y bus. C. By car.17. What will the man buy probably?A. A racing bike. B. A mountain bike. C. A second-hand bike.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. Who is the Rock Club for?A. Music lovers. B. Rock collectors. C. Rock climbers.19. How often do the members of the Mountaineering Club meet?A. Once a week. B. Twice a

8、 week. C. Three times a week.20. What dancing will the Dance Club do in the summer?A. Indian dancing. B. Scottish dancing. C. Spanish dancing.第二部 分阅读理解（共两节）第一节（共15小题）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。AYou probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstand

9、ing ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams (18601935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community by creating shelters and pr

10、omoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson (19071964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the danger

11、s of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor (1930present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona s

12、tate senator and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U. S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks (19132005)On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her

13、simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.1. What is Jane Addams noted for in history? A. Her social work.B. Her lack of prope

14、r training in law.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.2. What is the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.3. Who made

15、a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?A. Jane Addams.B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day OConnor.D. Rosa Parks.4. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated.B. They are truly creative. C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.【答案】1. A 2

16、. C 3. D 4. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位伟大又有影响力的女性：Jane Addams，Rachel Carson，Sandra Day OConnor以及Rosa Parks。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Jane Addams(1860-1935)部分的“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. (任何曾经得到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams) ”可知，Jane Addams在历史上主要以她的社会工作而出名。故选A。【2题详解】细节

17、理解题。根据Sandra Day OConnor (1930-present)部分中“When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.( 1952年，Sandra Day Oconnor在斯坦福大学法学院以全班第三名成绩毕业，她在一家律师事务所找不到工作，因为她是女性)”可知，Sandra Day OConnor被律师公司拒绝是因为对妇女的歧视，故选C

18、。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Rosa Parks (1913-2005)部分中“It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement.(它持续了一年多，并引发了民权运动)”可知，因为在公共汽车上拒绝为白人让座而拉开了民权运动的序幕，Rosa Parks对美国民权运动做出了巨大的贡献，故选D。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.(1931年，亚当斯成

19、为第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性)”；第三段中“Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.(她在1962年出版的畅销书寂静的春天唤起了人们对污染的危险以及化学品对人类和世界湖泊和海洋的有害影响的关注)”；第四段中“She became an Arizona state senator and, in 1981,

20、the first woman to join the U. S. Supreme Court.(她成为亚利桑那州参议员，并在1981年成为第一位加入美国最高法院的女性)”以及第五段中“It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement.(它持续了一年多，并引发了民权运动)”由此可推断四位女性都是历史上的先驱。故选C。BA friend of mine met with an accident driving in the darkness. His legs were so hurt that he

21、 couldnt move. What was the worst was that he found himself unable to ask for helphis mobile phone went out of work. Nothing could be done but to wait in cold wilderness. 8 hours later, day broke, and then the rescue arrived.It is almost unimaginable that he could stand the horror in the darkness fo

22、r so long. Even more surprising was his explanation: “First of all I checked up my physical conditions and found myself not in fatal danger. As there was no way to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from bleeding. In this way I dozed off.”His story put an end to

23、 my regret for the failure of an exploration adventure that happened last year. A group of young men tried to explore a mountain cave and got lost. Unable to find a way out in the dark cave they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of direction. Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaus

24、tion. The place where they got lost was only about 10 meters away from the opening of the cave! If they tried to calm themselves, they would probably sense a faint light shining not far away.Dont you think that you can compare it with life itself? When you meet with obstacles in life and work, you a

25、re lost in darkness. Mind you its unclear yet and you neednt put up struggle immediately. But a person who can afford to do so must have foresight as well as a great courage.5. What was the greatest trouble for the writers friend?A. It was very dark.B. He was hurt and couldnt move.C. He couldnt get

26、help with his mobile phone.D. It was very cold.6. What did the writers friend do when he was waiting for help?A. He checked his physical conditions.B. He tried to keep his wound from bleeding.C. He slept for a while.D. All the above.7. How did the writers friend feel when he was waiting for help?A.

27、Horrible.B. Worried.C. Angry.D. Calm.【答案】5. C 6. D 7. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中作者通过两个事例的对比，说明无论是在生活中还是在工作中，当人们处于困境或危急状况时，不轻举妄动、保持镇静是智慧和勇气的表现。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“What was the worst was that he found himself unable to ask for helphis mobile phone went out of work.(最糟糕的是，他发现自己无法寻求帮助他的手机坏了)”可推知，作者朋友面临的最大困难是

28、手机无法与外界取得联系获取帮助。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Even more surprising was his explanation: “First of all I checked up my physical conditions and found myself not in fatal danger. As there was no way to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from bleeding. In this way I dozed

29、off.”(更令人惊讶的是他的解释：“首先，我检查了自己的身体状况，发现自己并没有生命危险。由于没有办法呼救，我靠在座位上，尽力不让伤口流血。就这样，我睡着了。”)”可知，作者的朋友在等待帮助时，检查了他的身体状况、试图不让伤口流血以及睡了一会儿。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Even more surprising was his explanation: “First of all I checked up my physical conditions and found myself not in fatal danger. As there was no way to

30、call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from bleeding. In this way I dozed off.”(更令人惊讶的是他的解释：“首先，我检查了自己的身体状况，发现自己并没有生命危险。由于没有办法呼救，我靠在座位上，尽力不让伤口流血。就这样，我睡着了。”)”可推知，作者朋友事故之后所做的事情可以推出他当时很镇静。故选D。COne Australian state government has become the first in the world to carry o

31、ut a statewide camera program to automatically detect (探测) drivers using their cell phones while driving.The program came into effect in the state of New South Wales on December 1 following a six-month trial earlier this year, which the government claims caught over 100,000 drivers. Similar technolo

32、gy has been tested in England and Saudi Arabia, but the NSW program marks the first time it has been widely carried out.There wont be any signs signalling the cameras presence, either. “We have to unfortunately use the element of surprise to get people to think well, I could get caught at any time,”

33、 said NSW Roads Minister Andrew Constance. “I want behaviour to change and I want it changed immediately.”The cell phone detection camera cant actually discover people using their phones in time. Instead, it takes photographs of every single vehicle that passes by it, using artificial intelligence (

34、AI) to analyse them later. If the software detects a likely offender (违法者), the image is then checked by an employee before a punishment notice is sent out.Drivers will only receive warnings for the first three months the cell phone detection cameras are in operation. After that, drivers who are cau

35、ght will be fined 344 dollars, as well as losing five points from their drivers license.According to the NSW government, if the AI doesnt detect any phone use in a photo it will be deleted without any human seeing it, usually within an hour.8. Why does the NSW government carry out the camera program

36、?A. To detect the number of drivers using cell phones.B. To help drivers avoid being caught in surprise.C. To change drivers behavior of using cell phones while driving.D. To test similar technology like some European countries.9. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. Camer

37、as.B. Drivers.C. Photos.D. Passers-by.10. What may happen to the offenders detected by the camera?A. Some regular written warnings.B. No punishment in the limited time.C. A heavy fine without point loss.D. A make-up test of the drivers license.11. What is the text mainly about?A. A road Al camera sy

38、stem in Australia.B. A test of world-first AI camera system.C. The behaviors of Australian drivers.D. The development of AI camera system.【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。一个澳大利亚的州政府成为世界上第一个实施全州范围内自动检测开车时使用手机的司机的州政府。该程序于12月1日在新南威尔士州生效。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段One Australian state government has bec

39、ome the first in the world to carry out a statewide camera program to automatically detect (探测) drivers using their cell phones while driving.(一个澳大利亚州政府已经成为世界上第一个在全州范围内实施自动检测司机开车时使用手机的州政府。)和第三段的 “I want behaviour to change and I want it changed immediately.”(我希望行为改变，我希望行为立即改变。)可知，实施这个监控计划是为了改变司机开车使用

40、手机的行为。故选C。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词上文The cell phone detection camera cant actually discover people using their phones in time. Instead, it takes photographs of every single vehicle that passes by it(手机检测摄像头实际上无法及时发现人们使用手机。相反，它拍摄每一辆经过它的车辆的照片)可知，划线所在部分using artificial intelligence (AI) to analyse them later表示

41、：稍后使用人工智能来分析它们，故them指代上文提的“photographs”，故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Drivers will only receive warnings for the first three months the cell phone detection cameras are in operation. After that, drivers who are caught will be fined 344 dollars, as well as losing five points from their drivers license.(手机

42、检测相机运行前三个月司机只会收到三个月的警告，在那之后，被抓住的司机将被罚款344美元，以及驾照扣5分。)可知，限定时间内不处罚。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段One Australian state government has become the first in the world to carry out a statewide camera program to automatically detect (探测) drivers using their cell phones while driving.(一个澳大利亚州政府已经成为世界上第一个在全州范围内实施自动检测

43、司机开车时使用手机的州政府。）并结合下文的介绍可知，文章主要讲述了一项澳大利亚的道路Al摄像机系统。故选A。DFor those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performanc

44、e. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of mo

45、st of us. They tested the mens fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for

46、fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.Just before and an hour after each workout, the s

47、cientists took additional samples of the mens blood and fat tissue.Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, the

48、y burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant,

49、the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic healt

50、h. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.12. The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most

51、probably means “_”.A. digest the meal easilyB. manage without breakfastC. decide wisely what to eatD. eat whatever is offered13. Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment?A. Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.B. Their lack of exercise led to overweight.C. They could walk at an a

52、verage speed.D. They had slow metabolic rates.14. What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise?A. They successfully lost weight.B. They consumed a bit more calories.C. They burned more fat on average.D. They displayed higher insulin levels.15. What could be learned from the research?A. A

53、 workout after breakfast improves gene performances.B. Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.C. Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.D. Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，结果表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。【12题详

54、解】词句猜测题。根据下文working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are far better and wor

55、se, representative of those of most of us.可知，他们首先找到了10个超重的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式可以说更好，也可以说更糟，代表了我们大多数人。因此可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人。故选A。14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段的As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand. they burned slightly more calorie

56、s(卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.可知，结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。 另一方面。平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to sk

57、ip eating first.可知，这些结果的暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。故选D。第二节（共5小题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Three Ways to Protect Yourself From Todays Unreal NewsNowadays with so much news available, many people consume media in an automatic, unconscious state-similar to knowing y

58、ou drove home but not being able to recall the trip. _16_. These strategies can help you become wiser news consumers in three simple steps.Seek out your own newsLike most people, you probably get a fair amount of your news from social media. You should change that. Their goal is to maximize the time

59、 you spend on their sites and apps, getting advertising income. That means instead of presenting you with the most important news of the day, social media feed you what will hold your attention. _17_. These organizations actually produce news, usually in the spirit of serving the public interest.Use

60、 basic mathematicsUntrustworthy news often use some data to make unreal claims. _18_. For example, a widely spread rumour (谣言) falsely claimed 10,150 Americans were killed by illegal immigrants in 2019. On the surface, its hard to know whether it is true, but one way to start is to think about findi

61、ng out how many total murders there were in the US in 2019._19_Humans are biased (倾向性的) to believe whats in front of their eyes. Video content is considered more trustworthy-even though some videos can be very misleading. _20_. Seeing and hearing should not necessarily be believing. Treat video cont

62、ent with just as much doubt as news text, checking any facts with news from a trusted source.A. Watch out for biasesB. Believe video contentC. Youll see a more complete range of informationD. Think carefully about how you determine something is trueE. Instead, regularly visit trusted news apps and n

63、ews websites directlyF. Simple mathematical calculations can help you better spot false dataG. However, you can develop habits to control your news intake more consciously【答案】16. G 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。讲述了如何明智地吸收信息的三种方法。【16题详解】前文提到“Nowadays with so much news available, many people

64、consume media in an automatic, unconscious state-similar to knowing you drove home but not being able to recall the trip”，意为“现在人们有大量信息可以接触到，我们以一种无意识的状态消化信息，就像你知道自己是开车回家的但是想不起来过程”，后文提到“These strategies can help you become wiser news consumers in three simple steps”，意为“这些措施能帮助你简单几步成为更明智的信息接收者”，前后句意相反，

65、所以空格处应为转折句，起到承上启下的作用，G项“但是，你可以培养自己更有意识地控制信息吸收的习惯”切题，故选G。【17题详解】后文提到“These organizations actually produce news, usually in the spirit of serving the public interest.”，这些组织确实会生产新闻，通常是以服务公众兴趣为精神，所以这些组织是提供新闻的，由指示代词these可知，在这些组织在前文中就已提到，所以空格处应提到这些真正提供新闻的组织，且在空格之前提到很多社交媒体并不真正提供当天最重要的信息，而是吸引你的注意力从而达到打广告的目的

66、，空格前后句意相反，所以空格处应有转折词，E项“相反，你应该直接访问受信任的新闻软件和网站”切题，故选E。【18题详解】根据小标题“Use basic mathematics”可知F项“简单的数学计算可以帮助你更好地识别错误的数据”切题，故选F。【19题详解】根据第一句“Humans are biased (倾向性的) to believe whats in front of their eyes.”可知，本段主题与bias（偏见）有关，所以A项“注意偏见”切题，故选A。【20题详解】根据后文“Seeing and hearing should not necessarily be belie

67、ving. Treat video content with just as much doubt as news text, checking any facts with news from a trusted source.”可知，这部分是在讲即使是视频信息也要报以足够的怀疑，对来自受信任来源的信息也要检查，这是讲如何确定得到的信息是真实的，所以D项“仔细想想如何确定某件事是真实的”切题，故选D。【点睛】对于一些七选五的小题，根据空格前后的名词、动词等对应选项中相同、相近或相反的词语就可以选出答案，例如第三题中小标题中的“mathematics”对应F项中的“mathematical”，

68、故选F项。再例如第四题中第一句中的“biased”对应选项A中的biases，故选A。第三部分 语言运用（共两节）第一节（共15小题）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second_21_. He learned the value and beauty of _22_ there from a very young age.When he was 16, Mol

69、ai began to notice something _23_ happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the _24_ it caused had driven away a number of birds. _25_, the number of snakes had declined as well. He _26_ that it was because there werent enough trees to protect them from the _27_. The

70、solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek _28_ during the daytime. He turned to the _29_ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and _30_a nearby island where he began to plant trees._31_ young plants in the dry s

71、eason was _32_for a lone boy. Molai built at the _33_ of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to_34_ rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.Molai _35_ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of na

72、turally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.21. A. dreamB. jobC. homeD. choice22. A. natureB. youthC. cultureD. knowledge23. A. preciousB. interestingC. disturbingD. awkward24. A. wasteB. tensionC. painD. damage25. A. BesidesB. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Otherwise26. A. agreedB. re

73、alizedC. rememberedD. predicted27. A. noiseB. heatC. diseaseD. dust28. A. directionsB. partnersC. helpD. shelter29. A. laborB. policeC. forestD. finance30. A. rebuiltB. discoveredC. leftD. managed31. A. DecoratingB. ObservingC. WateringD. Guarding32. A. toughB. illegalC. fantasticD. beneficial33. A.

74、 backB. topC. footD. side34. A. cool downB. keep offC. purifyD. collect35. A. returnedB. learnedC. failedD. continued【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。M

75、olai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识

76、。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. generous慷慨的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水

77、侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足

78、够的树木。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知

79、那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个

80、小岛。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Mo

81、lai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A

82、. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。第二节（共10小题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形

83、式。Winter Solstice FestivalAs early as 2,500 years ago, about _36_ Spring and Autumn Period, China decided the point of Winter Solstice by observing the movement of the sun. The time will be each December 21 or 22 according to the Gregorian calendar.The Northern hemisphere on this day experiences the

84、 _37_ (short) daytime and longest nighttime. As ancient Chinese thought, the yang, positive things, will become stronger and stronger after this day, _38_ it should be celebrated.The Winter Solstice became a festival during the Han Dynasty and thrived in the Tang and Song dynasties. The Han people _

85、39_ (regard) Winter Solstice as a Winter Festival, so officials would organize celebrating _40_ (active). On this day, both officials and common people would have a rest. In the Tang and Song dynasties, the Winter Solstice was a day to offer sacrifices (祭品) to Heaven and ancestors. The Qing Dynasty

86、even had the record that Winter Solstice is as formal as the Spring Festival, _41_ (represent) the great importance attached to this day.In some parts of Northern China, people eat dumplings, _42_ will keep them from frost in the upcoming winter. But in parts of Southern China, the whole family will

87、 get together to have a special meal _43_ (make) of red-bean and rice to drive away bad things. The Winter Solstice dumplings could _44_ (use) as sacrifices to ancestors, or gifts for friends and relatives. People of the same family name gather together to honor their ancestors _45_ age order. After

88、 the ceremony, there is always a big dinner.【答案】36. the 37. shortest 38. so#and 39. regarded 40. activities 41. representing 42. which 43. made 44. be used 45. in【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在中国，冬至的起源、发展以及不同区域不同的庆祝习俗。【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：早在2500多年前的春秋时期，中国就通过观察太阳的运动来确定冬至的日期。春秋战国时期为历史时间段，需要用特指的冠词the。故填the。2.考查形容词最

89、高级。句意：在这一天，北半球的白天最短，夜晚最长。根据句意以及空后的longest nighttime“最长的夜”，此处应该用形容词最高级shortest，表示“最短的白天”，故填shortest。3.考查连词。句意：正如中国古代的思想，阳，积极的事物，在这一天之后会变得越来越强，因此这一天应该被庆祝。分词句子结构可知，此空需用连词连接空格前后两句话，根据句意，两句话是因果关系，and表因果关系时，相当于so，所以可以填so或and，故填so/and。4.考查动词时态。句意：汉朝人视冬至为“冬节”，所以官员们会组织庆祝活动。此空是动词做谓语，结合主语，描述的是汉代的事，应用一般过去时态，且主语

90、和动词之间是主动关系，故填regarded。5.考查可数名词单复数。句意：汉朝人视冬至为“冬节”，所以官员们会组织庆祝活动。此空前有现在分词修饰，又是做organize的宾语，应该用名词的形式，且官员组织的活动应该有很多，所以用名词复数形式，故填activities。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：清代甚至有“冬至和春节一样正式”的记载，体现了对冬至的高度重视。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语，与逻辑主语the record为主动关系，应用现在分词representing。故填representing。7.考查定语从句中关系代词。句意：在中国一些北方地区，这一天人们会吃饺子，可以使他们在即将到来的冬天不被

91、冻伤。空格是非限制性定语从句的引导词，指代先行词dumplings，代表物，从句中缺主语，应用which引导。故填which。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：但在中国南方的一些地方，全家人会聚在一起吃一顿由红豆和米饭做成的特别大餐，以驱走坏的东西。Special meal是由红豆和米制成的，应用过去分词made，made of在这里做后置定语修饰meal。故填made。9.考查被动语态。句意：冬至饺子被当作给先人的祭品，或者是给亲戚朋友的礼物。主语dumplings和动词use之间是被动关系，且此空在情态动词后，应该用动词原形，故填be used。10.考查介词。句意：同姓的人聚在一起，按年龄顺序纪

92、念祖先。固定搭配in age order“按年龄顺序；按长幼”，空处应填in。故填in。第四部分 写作（共三节）第一节 单词拼写（注意词形变化）（共10小题）46. I have always enjoyed all the events you _ (组织) and I hope to attend more in the coming years.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】organized#organised【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我一直很喜欢你们组织的所有活动，我希望在未来几年能参加更多的活动。分析句子可知，“you (组织)”是定语从句，根据句意可知提示词“组织”是

93、定语从句谓语动词，应用一般过去时态，用过去式organized或organised。故填organized/organised。47. They are trying to think of a _ (合适的) place for picnic. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】suitable【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们正在努力想一个适合野餐的地方。根据汉语提示“合适的”为形容词suitable，该空应填suitable作定语修饰名词place。故填suitable。48. Both English and French are_(官方的) languages in Canada.

94、 (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】official【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：在加拿大，英语和法语都是官方语言。分析可知，设空处为形容词性修饰后面名词languages，而official为形容词，译为“官方的，正式的”。故填official。49. The patient was too weak to have the _ (力量) to stand up. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】strength【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这个病人太虚弱了，没有力气站起来。根据汉语提示“力量”及句意可知，此指的是人的体力，应用名词strength，不可数。故填strength。

95、【点睛】50. The accident caused 3 _ (死亡) and 20 got injured. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】deaths【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：事故造成3人死亡，20人受伤。设空处作caused的宾语，应用名词，并且前面有数词3，可知应用复数形式，根据汉语和句意，故填deaths。51. _ (尽管) his lack of experience, he got the job. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】Despite【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管他缺乏经验，但是他却得到了这份工作。分析句子的结构可知，句子缺少一个让步状语，空后是名词

96、短语。再根据汉语提示可知，应该使用介词despite来表示让步。故答案为Despite。52. Experts _ (调查) the issue, conducted several tests, and then made a proposal. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】investigated【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：专家们调查了这个问题，进行了几次测试，然后提出了建议。结合句意分析句子可知，动词investigate符合题意，“调查”是谓语动词，与conducted、made是并列关系，也应使用一般过去时态，用过去式形式investigated。故填investigat

97、ed。53. The programme prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from _ (消失). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】disappearing【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：该计划防止世界各地的世界文化遗产消失。根据空格前介词from和汉语提示可知，应填入动名词disappearing作宾语。故填disappearing。54. We sincerely hope they can play a key role in protecting the _ (濒危的) wildlife being ha

98、rmed. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】endangered【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们真诚地希望他们能在保护濒危野生动物受到伤害方面发挥关键作用。根据句意可知，“濒危的”在句中作定语，修饰名词wildlife，应使用形容词endangered。故填endangered。55. The _ (平均的) age of the boys in this class is fifteen. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】average【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个班男生的平均年龄是十五岁。根据汉语提示可知“平均的”为形容词average，故该空填average作定语修饰名词a

99、ge。故填average。第二节 书面表达56. 假定你是李华，准备参加学校英语角演讲比赛，谈论聚餐时公筷公勺的使用。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容如下：1. 好处；2. 弊端；3. 你的态度。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：公筷公勺 serving chopsticks and spoons_【答案】Boys and girls,Good morning. My speech is centred on the “new” role of serving chopsticks and spoons. As you see, people around us a

100、re encouraged to use serving chopsticks and spoons when dining together. They help avoid the spread of viruses and give people a cleaner eating experience. However, some also complain it is a waste of time to use them and that they even lead to distance between people.Personally, everything always d

101、evelops over time, including dining habits. If a change can bring us more benefits and protect us from the possible virus infection, why not support it?The above is my view on this topic. Thanks.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇演讲稿，谈论聚餐时公筷公勺的使用。【详解】1.词汇积累集中于：be centred onbe focused on鼓舞：encourageinspire导致

102、：lead to = result in支持：supportadvocate2.句式拓展同义句转化原句：As you see, people around us are encouraged to use serving chopsticks and spoons when dining together. They help avoid the spread of viruses and give people a cleaner eating experience.拓展句：As you see, people around us are encouraged to use serving

103、chopsticks and spoons when dining together， which help avoid the spread of viruses and give people a cleaner eating experience.【点睛】高分句型1 However, some also complain it is a waste of time to use them and that they even lead to distance between people. (complain后运用了that引导的宾语从句，that只起引导作用，在句中不做任何成分，通常可

104、以将其省略)高分句型2 If a change can bring us more benefits and protect us from the possible virus infection, why not support it? (运用了If引导的条件状语从句)第三节57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。A man who had gone out of his town came back and found that his house was on fire. It was one of the most beautiful hou

105、ses in the town, and the man loved the house the most! Many were ready to give a double price for the house, but he never agreed for any price and now it was just burning before his eyes. And thousands of people gathered, but nothing could be done. The fire spread so far that even if you tried to pu

106、t it out, nothing would be saved. So he became very sad.His son came running and whispered something in his ear, “Dont be worried. I sold it yesterday and at a very good price. The offer was so good, and I could not wait for you. Forgive me.”The father said. “Thank God, its not ours now!” Then he be

107、came relaxed and stood as a silent watcher, just like other watchers.Then the second son came running, and he said to the father, “What are you doing? The house is on fire and you are only watching it burning?” The father said, Dont you know your brother has sold it?He said, “We have taken only adva

108、nce amount, not settled fully. I doubt now whether the man is going to purchase it.”Tears which had disappeared came back to the fathers eyes, and his heart started to beat fast. Then the third son came, and he said, “That man is a man of his word. I have just come from him. He said, It doesnt matte

109、r whether the house is burnt or not, it is mine. And I am going to pay the price that I have settled for. Neither you nor I knew that the house would catch fire.”注意：1. 续写词数应为80左右；2. 开头已给出。Then they all just stood and watched the house burn without worry_Shortly the man who bought the house came. _【答

110、案】Then they all just stood and watched the house burn without worry. The father thought he would get much money from it soon. The three sons were thinking how to distribute the money when the house was sold out. At that moment, the house broke down and the fire was dying away. It looked as if it wer

111、e in ruins. The father with full tears in his eyes thought of his wife and their hard work in building the house. Suddenly he wondered whether the man buying the house kept his word or not.Shortly the man who bought the house came. When he saw the house burnt down entirely and the father and sons on

112、ly stood there as silent watchers, he became very angry. When they went up and said hello to him, he said nothing, glaring at them. Whats more, he turned back and left quickly, making them dumbfounded. To their regret, when the house was on fire, why didnt they put it out?【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了男人发现自

113、己的房子正在被大火燃烧着，他非常伤心。他的儿子们就告诉他已经把房子卖出去了，买家是个守信用的人，不管房子烧不烧都会付钱。于是他们就看着房子被大火燃烧成废墟。然后，买房子的人看到房子被完全烧毁，父亲和儿子们只是站在那里默默地看着时，他非常生气地走了，留下父子们在后悔没有把火扑灭。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“然后他们都只是站在那里，看着房子烧起来，一点也不担心。”可知，第一段可描写大火把房子烧成了废墟，父亲在回忆与妻子一起辛苦建造房子的记忆，而三个儿子在讨论怎么分钱。由第二段首句内容“不久，买房子的人来了。”可知，第二段可描写买房的人看到房子被完全烧毁，父亲和儿子们只是站在那里默默地看

114、着时，他非常生气地走了，留下父子们在后悔没有把火扑灭。2.续写线索：袖手旁观分钱眼含泪水生气离开后悔3.词汇激活行为类袖手旁观：stand and watch /stand by/ look on with folded arms分钱：distribute the money / allocate the money转身离开：turn back and leave / turn away/ turn to leave情绪类眼含泪水：full tears in ones eyes / tears in ones eyes/full with tears生气：angry/ glare at sb.

115、/ take offence后悔：regret/pity/feel sorry【点睛】高分句型1 The father thought he would get much money from it soon.（由that引导的宾语从句作thought的宾语，that在从句中只充当连接成分，可省略）高分句型2 The three sons were thinking how to distribute the money when the house was sold out.（由when引导的时间状语从句）高分句型3 It looked as if it were in ruins. （由as if引导的表语从句）