2021高考英语一轮复习练习58 短文改错 阅读理解（含解析）新人教版.doc

1、练习58短文改错阅读理解.短文改错2020包头四中月考I began diving since I was about 12. I actual learned to dive in my hometown when I was in holiday. My parents went there explore the underground lakes. My brother and I are sitting around on the beach, getting bored, so we took a diving course. Then we did our first dive

2、in the “easy” lakes while my parent were exploring the dangerous places. It wasnt deeply underground and the sun was being shining in through an opening in the roof of the cave. It was really calm but beautiful. I felt like staying here all day!.阅读理解A2020湖南师大期中说明文278词If you find yourself hitting the

3、 snooze button (闹钟延时按钮) every morning, dont blame yourself. Your work schedule could be to blame.Research now shows that, for many of us, our work schedules dont go with our natural body clocksand experts are urging employers to take notice. Sleep is a “strategic resource” that most companies are ig

4、noring. When work schedules are aligned with peoples natural sleep patterns, they produce higher quality and more innovative work because they are more focused, less stressed and generally healthier. The opposite is also truewhen employees are not getting enough sleep they are more likely to make ma

5、jor mistakes and suffer from workplace injuries.But its not just about the amount of sleep you get. Its important that people recognize every living thing, from primitive bacteria to human beings, has a biologically determined internal body clock. This determines whether you are a night owl(夜猫子), an

6、 early bird or somewhere in the middle. We dont have any choice. “Its like feet，” said Till Roenneberg, a professor of chronobiology (生物钟学). “Some people are born with big feet and some with small feet, but most people are somewhere in the middle.”Many companies start the workday at 8 am or 9 am, pu

7、tting their work schedules in disagreement with their employees body clock. This mismatch, along with the pressure to be productive and be available to respond to email or take calls at all hours of the day and night, means that many people suffer from what is called “social jet lag”1The underlined

8、word “aligned” in Paragraph 2 means “_” Amatched Bcooperated Cconflicted Dshortened 2What does Till Roenneberg s remark mean?AThe amount of sleep you get counts much.BAn early bird does better than a night owl.CWe are born to have a body clock.DMost people have neither too big nor too small feet.3If

9、 people suffer from “social jet lag”， they will _. Anot be as clever as other people Bfail to finish their daily tasksCfail to adjust their body clock Dact as if they were in the wrong time zone4What is the best title for the passage?ABody clock and good work habits. BLate for work? Maybe not your f

10、ault.CHow to improve your work efficiency. DUrgent need to change your body clock.B2019全国卷说明文307词As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric (生物测量) technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private espaces. At present, these technologies

11、 are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device (装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard coul

12、d offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer its connected

13、 toregardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word“touch”fou

14、r times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plasticlik

15、e parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 5Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?ATo reduce pressure on keys. BTo improve accuracy in typing CTo replace the password system. DTo cut the cost of espace protection.6What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possi

16、ble?AComputers are much easier to operate.BFingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.CTyping patterns vary from person to person. DData security measures are guaranteed.7What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?AItll be environmentfriendly. BItll reach consumers soon. CItll be made of

17、 plastics. DItll help speed up typing.8Where is this text most likely from?AA diary. BA guidebook. CA novel. DA magazine.答题策略短文改错词语辨析常见词语辨析错误many修饰或代替可数名词复数；much修饰或代替不可数名词“时间段ago”相对现在多久以前；“时间段before”相对过去多久以前some用于肯定句；any用于疑问句和否定句so与very均可修饰形容词或副词的原级，much多修饰比较级，very much修饰动词ever“从来，在任何时候，曾经”；never“从来

18、不”latest为形容词，意为“最新的”；later作副词表示“较晚地；后来”，与表示时间的词连用，表示“之后”beside为介词，表示“在旁边”；besides为副词，表示“除此以外”used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth.“习惯做某事”no相当于not a或not any；not否定动词练习58短文改错阅读理解.短文改错答案：I began diving I was about 12. I learned to dive in my hometown when I was holiday. My parents went there ex

19、plore the underground lakes. My brother and I sitting around on the beach, getting bored, so we took a diving course. Then we did our first dive in the “easy” lakes while my were exploring the dangerous places. It wasnt underground and the sun was shining in through an opening in the roof of the cav

20、e. It was really calm beautiful. I felt like staying all day!.阅读理解A1答案与解析：A根据第二段中的“our work schedules dont go with our natural body clocks”和“When work schedules are aligned with peoples natural sleep patterns, they produce higher quality and more innovative work because they are more focused, less s

21、tressed and generally healthier.”可知，当工作时间表与人们的自然睡眠生物钟一致时，人们产生更高质量、更创新的工作，因为它们更专注、压力更小，而且通常更健康。据此可知，A项正确。aligned与“go with”意思一致。A项正确。2答案与解析：C根据第三段中的“every living thing, from primitive bacteria to human beings, has a biologically determined internal body clock.”可知，生物钟与生俱来。C项正确。3答案与解析：D根据最后一段中的“This mis

22、match, along with the pressure to be productive and be available to respond to email or take calls at all hours of the day and night”可知，生物钟和工作时间的失配，再加上无论白天黑夜随时回复电子邮件或接听电话的压力会引起人们“social jet lag”。据此推断，social jet lag 的意思是“社会时差”。D项正确。4答案与解析：B文章第一段“If you find yourself hitting the snooze button every mo

23、rning, dont blame yourself. Your work schedule could be to blame.”是全文的主旨段。人们每天早上起不来，不应该责怪自己。工作时间表可能是罪魁祸首。B项正确。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是科学与技术，主题语境内容为科技发展。文章介绍了Georgia Tech的研究者们想出了一种低成本的装置智能键盘，来保护私人的电子空间，并希望这种设备能尽快进入市场，服务消费者。本文侧重培养学生的创新能力。5答案与解析：D细节理解题。本题题干意为：研究者们为什么研发智能键盘？根据文章第一段可知，现在一些阻止别人进入私人电子空间的技术成本仍

24、然很高。因此，来自Georgia Tech的研究者们想出了一种低成本的(lowcost)装置智能键盘，来应对这个问题。所以答案为D项：减少电子空间保护的成本。A：减轻对按键的压力；B：提升打字的精确度；C：取代密码系统。6答案与解析：C细节理解题。本题题干意为：什么使智能键盘这项发明成为可能？根据第二段第四句“These patterns are unique to each person.”可知，因为每个人的打字模式各不相同，所以智能键盘能识别人的身份，保护人的隐私。所以答案为C项：打字模式因人而异。A：计算机很容易操作；B：指纹扫描技术发展很快；D：数据安全措施有保证。7答案与解析：B细节理解题。本题题干意为：研究者们对智能键盘期待什么？根据文章最后一段最后两句话，研究者们说键盘应该直接商业化，智能键盘主要是由价格低廉的塑料类配件制成，团队希望它在不久的将来进入市场。所以答案为B项(它将很快到达消费者手里)。A：它将是环保的；C：它将用塑料制造。此项为干扰项，用塑料制造是事实，但不是将来发生的事；D：它将有助于加速打字。8答案与解析：D推理判断题。本题题干意为：这篇文章最有可能来自哪里？文章介绍了一种新的保护电子隐私空间的设备智能键盘，并且希望产品能很快走进市场。本文语言客观严谨，属于科普类文章，故答案为D项：杂志。A：日记；B：指导手册；C：小说。