2022-2023学年新教材高中英语 Unit 4 Natural Disasters Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking学案 新人教版必修第一册.doc

1、Section Reading and Thinking每/日/金/句：In the face of disaster, the greatest strength is to work together, and be united as one.灾难面前，最伟大的力量就是同心协力，众志成城。课前预习设计自读课文疏通文脉大意Task 1 文本整体理解：理清文章架构1.Whats the main idea of the text?AA terrible earthquake of Tangshan.BBefore the earthquake of Tangshan.CDuring the

2、earthquake of Tangshan.DDamages of the earthquake of Tangshan.2Match the main idea of each paragraph.Para. 1 AThe earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan.Para. 2 BThe earthquake happened and caused deaths or injuries in Tangshan.Para. 3 CHelp came soon after the quakes.Para. 4 DStrang

3、e things happened, but no one paid attention to them.Para. 5 ETangshan came back to life again.Task 2 文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解Read the text on Page 50 carefully and then choose the best answer.1The title “THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDNT SLEEP” meansAthe earth was wide awake all night longBpeople on the earth could

4、nt fall asleep that nightCthe earth kept on shaking like crazy that nightDanimals on the earth would not sleep that night2People in the city went to bed as usual that night becauseAthey thought it was not strange for water pipes to crack and burstBthey thought it was easy to experience an earthquake

5、C.they thought sleeping was the most important thing no matter what would happenDthey could never imagine there would be an earthquake3Whats the meaning of the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.”？APeople werent sad any more.BThe life in Tangshan began to return to normal.C.The earthq

6、uake finally came to an end.DThose who were trapped were saved.4What is the mood（语气）of this passage? ASad. BSerious. CSerious and sad. DCalm. Task 3 文本理解：续写佳句1.Read the passage carefully and find out the sentence with a simile.（细读短文并找出含有明喻的句子）_2Read the passage carefully and find out the sentence mo

7、dified with a metaphor.（细读短文并找出含有暗喻的句子）_3Read the passage carefully and find out the sentences with a personification.（细读短文并找出含有拟人的句子）_精读课文疏通理解障碍读文清障in the countryside在农村crack krk n裂纹；裂缝vi. & vt.(使)破裂at (the) least至少at (the) most至多，不超过too.to.太而不能run out of从跑出来；用光as usual像往常一样than usual.比往常as if似乎；好像

8、；仿佛come to an end结束deadly adj.致命的； 死一般的cause damage造成损失/损害cause/do damage to.对造成损害cut across横穿； 抄近路穿过waterway n水路；航道less than少于more than多于； 不仅仅是； 非常ruin run n. & vt.破坏；毁坏in ruins严重受损；破败不堪thousands of 成千上万的hundreds of thousands of数十万的be left without失去；被遗弃the number of.的数量badly adv.非常；极度地survivor n幸存者

9、；生还者nothing but只有，只，仅仅percent psent n百分之adj. & adv.每一百中gone adj.不复存在的；一去不复返的brick brk n砖； 砖块blow away刮走；吹走track n轨道；跑道keep track of了解； 与保持联系；跟上的进展；掌握的最新消息metal metl n金属shock k n震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊in shock震惊；吃惊electricity lektrsti n电；电能dig out挖出trap trp vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱bury beri vt.埋葬；安葬the dea

10、d死者；逝者(“theadj.”可表示一类人)medical care医疗护理breathe bri vi. & vt.呼吸revive rvav vt. & vi.复活；(使)苏醒revival rvavl n振兴；复苏on ones feet恢复健康；站立着support n支持effort eft n努力；艰难的尝试；尽力in times of在时期unify junfa vi. & vt.统一；(使)成一体wisdom wzdm n智慧；才智positive adj.积极的；肯定的stay positive保持乐观原文呈现THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDNT SLEEPS

11、trange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls1. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it2. Chickens and even pigs were too nerv

12、ous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide 3, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3：00 am., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the citys one million pe

13、ople were asleep as usual that night.1此处是由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰cracks。that在从句中作主语，不能省略。2此处是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰gas。3此处是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随。At 3：42 am., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end4! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the

14、20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one

15、minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there5 were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake5 was more than 400，000.4此处是as if引导的表语从句，从句中be动词用were表虚拟语气。5who lived there和who were k

16、illed or badly injured in the quake都是由关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰people, who在从句中作主语。Everywhere survivors looked 6, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percentB21 of the citys factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were goneB22.

17、 BricksB23 covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them awayB24. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracksB25 were now useless pieces of metalB26. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand

18、now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shockB27and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricityB28 were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last7.6此处是由从属连词everywhere引导的地点状语从句

19、。7此句是how long引导的宾语从句，作wonder的宾语。单个的how引导宾语从句时，表方式；由how结合形容词或副词引导宾语从句时，how表程度。But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig outB29 those who were trappedB30 and to buryB31 the deadB32. More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical careB3

20、3. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed8. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began to breatheB34again.8此处是由关系代词whose引导的定语从句，修饰survivors。whose在从句中作定语修饰homes。Tangshan started

21、 to reviveB35 itself and get back up on its feetB36. With strong supportB37 from the government and the tireless effortsB38 of the citys people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transporta

22、tion, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times ofB39 disaster, people must unifyB40 and show the wisdomB41 to stay positiveB42 and rebuild for a brighter future 9 9此处是that引导的宾语从句，作has proved的宾语。课文翻译地球的不眠之夜河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连。一连几天，村里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏

23、，井壁上出现了深深的裂缝，至少有一口水井冒出臭气。鸡甚至猪都焦虑不安，不想进食；狗拒绝进入建筑物内。老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所；鱼儿也跳出水面。1976年7月28日凌晨3：00左右，唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光，接着传来巨大的声响。然而，那天晚上城里的百万居民仍像往常一样沉睡。凌晨3：42，万物开始摇晃。仿佛世界末日即将来临！在城市正下方的11千米处，20世纪伤亡最严重之一的一场地震发生了，这场地震甚至对150多千米外的北京也造成了破坏。全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感！一条8千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路。坚硬的石山变成了泥石流。在不到一分钟的时间里，一座巨大的城市沦为废墟。

24、城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤。成千上万的孩子失去了父母。在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。城市里的一切几乎都被摧毁了。市内大约75%的工厂和大楼、90%的住房和所有的医院都荡然无存了。砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。大多数桥梁不是坍塌了，就是无法安全通行了。铁轨变成了废金属块；数万头奶牛、数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死了。井里满是沙子，而不是水。人们惊恐万分接着，临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了。水、食物和电也停了。人们心里开始揣摩这场灾难还会持续多久。但是希望尚存。地震发生后不久，军队派出了15万名士

25、兵前往唐山，搜救被困人员并埋葬死者。上万名医生和护士赶来提供医疗护理。工人们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。数十万人获得了帮助。火车、卡车和飞机给城市运来了食物和饮用水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。在政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力下，一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。这座新的城市已经成为700多万人的家园，交通、工业和环境都得到了巨大的改善。唐山已经向中国、向世界证明，在自然灾害发生之际，人类必须团结一致，保持乐观的心态，和重建家园的决心。自查语基落实基本知能.核心词汇根据语境写出正确的单词1. a natural一场自然灾害2. the worker

26、s 救援人员3. brain 脑部损伤4 the old world 破坏旧世界5. set up more 建立更多的避难所6. lay in 成为废墟7. about 75 of the citys factories and buildings 城市大约75%的工厂和建筑物8a pile of 一摞砖9. useless pieces of 无用的金属碎片10a way of making_一种发电的方法11. be in the valley 被困在山谷中12 the dead 掩埋死去的人13spare no to help you 不遗余力地帮助你14. show the 展示出智

27、慧15 ones hope 使某人的希望破灭.拓展词汇1 ones decision 影响某人的决定have an/no on 有/没有影响2be in 人们大为震惊（adj.） news 令人震惊的消息feel （adj.） 感到震惊3 again 再次呼吸take a deep （n.） 深呼吸a little （adj.） 有点喘不上气4 from terrible injuries 遭受严重的伤cause great （n.） 带来巨大的痛苦.重点短语1似乎； 好像； 仿佛 2 严重受损； 破败不堪3 震惊； 吃惊 4 建立 5 像往常一样 6 结束 7. in times of 8.

28、 instead of 9. get back up on ones feet 10. go through 构词规律1.名词less构成含否定意义的形容词， 意为“不， 无”。例如：breath lessbreathless喘不上气的tiretireless adj. 不倦的colorcolorless adj. 无色的homehomeless adj. 无家可归的efforteffortless adj. 不费力的endendless adj. 无尽的2“介词in 名词”构成的短语， 在句中作状语或表语， 例如：in shock 震惊地in danger 处于危险中in trouble 有

29、麻烦in surprise 惊讶地in need 需要.重点句型1句型too形容词to.太而不能教材Chickens and even pigs were ， and dogs refused to go inside buildings.鸡甚至猪都焦虑不安，不想进食；狗拒绝进入建筑物内。2句型as if引导表语从句教材 the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！3句型leave sb.宾语补足语 “使某人处于”教材Thousands of children were 成千上万的孩子失去了父母。4句型everywhere在此用作连词，意为“无论哪里”

30、，引导地点状语从句。教材， there was nothing but ruins.幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。.理清复杂句式1教材Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.分析翻译_2教材Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000

31、 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.分析翻译_3教材Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.分析翻译_课堂提升素养探究新知发展语言知识1（教材P50）Chickens a

32、nd even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.鸡甚至猪都焦虑不安，不想进食；狗拒绝进入建筑物内。句型公式：tooadj.to.太而不能（1）“tooadj./adv.（for sb.） to do sth.”意为“太而不能做某事”， 表示否定意义；（2）“tooglad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious to do sth.” 表示肯定意义。佳句Im always too busy to carry on a conversation with her

33、.我总是很忙，没时间和她交谈。练通单句语法填空The problem is too difficult for me （settle）.I am pleased to help you with your homework.写美句型转换I was so young that I couldnt understand the meaning of the film._2（教材P50）It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！句型公式：as ifas though “仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句“It seemed （

34、to sb.） as if.”意为“（对某人来说）似乎”。as if也可引导方式状语从句。（1）as if从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的。（2）as if从句用虚拟语气：从句用一般过去时（与现在的事实相反）；从句用过去完成时（与过去的事实相反）；从句用would/could/might do形式（与将来的事实相反）佳句It seems as if everything is back to life.似乎一切都恢复了生机。练通单句语法填空He talks to them as if they（be） children.He talks about Rome as if

35、he（be） there before. He opened his mouth as if he （say）something.写美应用文佳句看起来似乎他并不在乎身边的一切。 he didnt care about everything around him.3（教材P50）In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.在不到一分钟的时间里，一座巨大的城市沦为废墟。ruinn& vt.破坏；毁坏（1）be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭fall into ruin 成为废墟；破败不堪（2）ruin ones hope/futu

36、re/health 毁掉某人的希望/将来/健康ruin oneself 自我毁灭佳句 Having gone through two world wars, the castle has fallen into ruin.经历了两次世界大战，那座城堡已经破败不堪了。练通单句语法填空Heavy smoking （ruin） your health, so you should give up smoking.If you dont give up the computer games, youll ruin （you）.写美应用文佳句地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜难眠。 after

37、the earthquake, which made us awake all night.4（教材P50）People were in shockand then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.人们惊恐万分接着，临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。shockn震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.（使）震惊（1） a great shock to sb. 对某人来说是极大的震惊in shock 震惊地；吃惊地（2）shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的be shocked at/by. 对吃惊be s

38、hocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊（3）shocking adj. 令人震惊的佳句You must get used to the new environment to deal with culture shock.你必须适应新的环境， 以应对文化冲击。练通单句语法填空The news （shock） the public, leading to great concern about students safety at school.The news of his sudden death is so that everyone is very much at it.（sh

39、ock）（shock） at the unexpected guest and gift, I was at a loss what to say.I looked at him shock, waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.写美应用文佳句然而， 当我到达山顶的时候， 我们很震惊地看到到处是垃圾。However, when we reached the top, we litter here and there.5（教材P50）Soon after the quakes, the army sent

40、150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.地震发生后不久，军队派出了15万名士兵前往唐山，搜救被困人员并埋葬死者。trap vt. 使落入险境； 使陷入圈套n. 险境； 陷阱（1）be trapped under/in. 被困于trap sb. into doing sth. 诱骗某人做某事（2）set a trap 设置陷阱/布下圈套fall into a trap 落入圈套佳句If you choose this way, youre likely to fall

41、into a trap.如果你选择这条路，你可能会落入圈套。练通单句语法填空There was a power failure, so they （trap） in the lift.By clever questioning, they trapped him telling the truth.写美句式升级When the young man was trapped in the building, he felt very helpless.，the young man felt very helpless.（改为非谓语动词作状语）buryvt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心（1）bu

42、ry.in. 把埋到里bury ones face in hands 双手掩面（2）佳句She buried her face in hands and wept when she heard the bad news.当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。练通单句语法填空 （bury） in his study, he didnt know all the others had left.Apart from finishing my homework, Id like to bury （I） in learning something more about the robot.写美句式升级He

43、 sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading.He sat at a wooden table, （过去分词短语作状语）He sat at a wooden table, （现在分词短语作状语）6（教材P50）With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the citys people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.在政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力下，一座新的唐山在废墟中被

44、建立起来。effortn努力；艰难的尝试；尽力spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事make an/every effort to do sth. 尽（全）力做某事with effort 费力地佳句The good news is that its simple to learn and can be worth the effort. 好消息是它简单易学， 值得你付出努力。写美一句多译我们将竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。Well you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of diffi

45、culties.（try）Well you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.（effort）Well you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.（effort）7（教材P51）What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need？你认为遭遇地震的人需要什么样的帮助？suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受

46、苦（1）suffer from. 患病；因而受苦suffer from cold and hunger 忍饥挨冻（2）suffer losses/pains 遭受损失/痛苦（3）suffering n. 苦难，痛苦sufferer n. 受难者佳句 We all will suffer hardship in our life, but we should stick to our dream and work hard to realise it.人生中， 我们都会遭受艰难， 但是我们应该坚持梦想， 并努力实现我们的梦想。练通单句语法填空A lot of money has been col

47、lected to help those （suffer） from the floods.She received many letters of support from some cancer （suffer）.The survivor never talked about his （suffer） in the disaster.写美应用文佳句很明显，我们的地球正在遭受严重的破坏。It is obvious that our earth isSection Reading and ThinkingPart 1课前预习设计自读课文疏通文脉大意Task 11A2.DBACETask 21B

48、2.D3.B4.CTask 31Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.2Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.3(1)The night the earth didnt sleep.(2)Slowly，the city began to breathe again.自查语基落实基本知能.1disaster2.rescue3.damage4.destroy5.shelters6ruins7.percent8.bricks9.metal10.electricity11trapped12.bury

49、13.effort14.wisdom15.ruin.1affecteffect2shockshockingshocked3breathebreathbreathless4suffersuffering.1as if2.in ruins3.in shock4.set up5.as usual6come to an end7.在 时期8.而不是 ； 代替9.东山再起 ; 重新开始10.经历.1too nervous to eat2It seemed as if3left without parents4Everywhere survivors looked.1在城市正下方的 11 千米处， 20

50、世纪伤亡最严重之一的一场地震发生了，这场地震甚至对150多千米外的北京造成了破坏。2地震发生后不久，军队派出了 15 万名士兵前往唐山，搜救被困人员并埋葬死者。3唐山已经向中国、向世界证明，在自然灾害发生之际，人类必须团结一致，展现保持乐观的智慧，重建更光明的未来。Part 2课堂提升素养探究新知发展语言知识1to settletooI was too young to understand the meaning of the film.2werehad beenwould sayIt seemed as if3ruinsyourselfThe whole city lay in ruins4shockedshockingshockedShockedinwere shocked to see5were trappedintoTrapped in the buildingBuriedmyselfburied in readingburying himself in reading6try our best to helpmake every/an effort to helpspare no efforts to help7sufferingsuffererssuffering(s)suffering serious damage