2022版新教材英语外研版选择性必修第三册学案：UNIT 3 WAR AND PEACE SECTION Ⅱ USING LANGUAGE WORD版含解析.docx

1、Section Using language主谓一致（1）情境创设语法精讲 见学用49页教材链接1. （教材P29）Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle-hardened2. （教材P29）The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers3. （教材P29）people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.4. （教材P29）The police are after him.5. （教材P29）Politi

2、cs is the study of the ways in which countries are governed.6. （教材P29）The group were sent to rescue the missing pilot.7. （教材P29）All the machinery in this factory is made in the US.观察上面句子, 并归纳上面主谓一致的用法：1. Your enemy表示整体, 谓语动词用单数。 2. The enemy表示“很多敌人”, 表示个体, 谓语动词用复数。 3. people（人们）为集合名词, 谓语动词用复数。 4. po

3、lice（警察）为集合名词, 表示个体, 谓语动词用复数。 5. 复数形式单数意义的词, 如news, maths, politics, physics作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 6. The group表示所有组员, 谓语动词用复数。 7. machinery为“机械”的统称, 谓语动词用单数。 要点精析一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。1.语法一致：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。T

4、hey often play football in the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。2.意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，此时谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。My family are having lunch now.我们一家人现在正在吃午饭。Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.这本书20美元太贵了。3.就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。Not only the teacher but also his students

5、like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。二、集合名词的主谓一致1.通常用复数的情形police（警察）、people（人）、cattle（牛）、clothes（衣服）等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。My clothes were soaked.我的衣服都湿透了。The police are looking into the complaint.警察在调查这项投诉。Too few people are interested in

6、such music nowadays.如今对这种音乐有兴趣的人太少了。2.通常用单数的情形clothing（衣服）、poetry（诗歌）、baggage/luggage（行李）、 furniture（家具）、scenery（景色）、jewellery（珠宝）、equipment（设备）等不可数的集合名词用作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式。Furniture is chiefly made of wood.家具主要是由木材制造。Poetry was blooming in China in the Tang Dynasty.诗歌在中国唐代十分盛行。3.用单数或复数视语境而定的情形family（家

7、庭）、team（队）、crowd（人群）、government（政府）、crew（乘务员）、committee（委员会）、audience（听众）、public（公众）等集合名词用作主语时，其谓语动词既可用单数，也可用复数：当它们被视为整体时，谓语动词用单数; 当它们强调个体时，谓语动词用复数。My family is very large.我家是一个大家庭。（视为整体）His family are waiting for him.他的家人正在等他。（强调个体成员）注意：有时没有特定的上下文，谓语动词用单数或复数区别不大。The public are is requested not to l

8、eave litter in the park.公众被要求在公园不要乱扔垃圾。实战演练. 单句语法填空1.The crew on the train are (be) going to attend a training class about traffic safety.2.The population of China is (be)larger than that of any other country in the world.3.The football team is (be)made up of 22 players.4.My family is (be)the larges

9、t one in our village. Besides, my family are (be)all farmers.5.The whole class are (be)now listening to the teacher attentively.6.Either he or you are (be)interested in playing football in our class.7.The police are searching (search)for the lost child now.8.The audience were/was (be) clearly deligh

10、ted with the performance, bursting out clapping and cheering for the singer.9.The committee are/is (be) of the opinion that it is not time to reopen schools, according to the votes. 语法填空1. Did you grow up in one culture, your parents came from another, and you are now living in a 1. totally (total)

11、different country? If so, then you are a third-culture kid.The term “third-culture kid” 2. was used (use) in the 1960s for the first time by Dr. Ruth. She first came across this phenomenon while 3. researching (research) North American children living in India. In general, third-culture kids benefit

12、 4. from their intercultural experiences and they often reach excellent academic results.Yet many 5. difficulties (difficulty) may arise from this phenomenon, third-culture kids may not be able to adapt 6. themselves (they) completely to their new surroundings. Also, they often find it hard 7. to de

13、velop (develop) new friendship. Additionally, for a third-culture kid, it is often 8. easier (easy) to move to a new country than to return to his or her homeland. For example, after living in Australia for many years, Louis finally returned to the country 9. where she was born. She didnt know anyth

14、ing about current TV shows 10. or fashion trends. And she didnt share the same values as other teens of her age.新知清障素养构建 见学用50页核心词汇1. at the beginning of在的开头At the beginning of the film, the audience are thrown into an incredible sequence of approximately 30 minutes, depicting the landings in Norman

15、dy. （教材P29）电影一开始，观众就被带入了一个大约30分钟的令人难以置信的片段，描绘了诺曼底登陆的场景。典例翻译Dont mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may give away the shocking ending. 在故事的开头别提那件事，要不然可能会泄露了令人震惊的结尾。 Were going to Japan at the end of July. 我们七月末要去日本。 I think it is necessary to read the book from beginning to end. 我认为从头到

16、尾地读这本书是很有必要的。 In the end the long hours of work, combined with domestic worries, got him down. 最后，长时间的工作加上家事烦恼使他闷闷不乐。 归纳拓展（1）在开头 at the beginning of ，后面可接时间名词，通常与一般过去时或一般将来时连用。在尽头（末端） at the end of ，后面可接地点或时间名词，通常与一般过去时或一般将来时连用。（2）开始 in the beginning 最后 in the end （3）从头到尾 from beginning to end 学以致用单

17、句填空He had to show the white flag at the end of the debate.Lets start again from the beginning. In the beginning， everyone felt sorry for him.Shes been working there since the beginning of last summer.2. stability n.稳固，稳定These measures aim to give stability to conflict zones and allow governments to

18、reestablish authority. 这些措施的目的是让冲突地区获得稳定，并使政府重建权威。（教材P31）典例翻译The government has taken a measure to maintain the stability of prices. 政府已经采取了措施以维持物价稳定。 Being back with their family should provide emotional stability for the children. 回到家人身边会使儿童的情绪稳定下来。 归纳拓展（1）促进安定 promote stability 政治/经济/社会稳定 politic

19、al/economic/social stability （2）stable adj. 稳定的；安定的；可靠的学以致用完成句子我们需要一个稳定的政府。We need a stable government .世界和平和稳定需要有中国的积极参与。 Peace and stability in the world need the active involvement of China.3. on standby 待命China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping and it has trained 8,000

20、 troops who are kept on standby for UN missions. （教材P31）中国在联合国维和行动中发挥着越来越重要的作用，为联合国维和行动训练了8,000名待命士兵。典例翻译A special team of police were kept on standby during the time of violence. 在发生暴乱期间，有一支警察特别小分队处于整装待命状态。 He was put on standby for the flight to New York. 这班飞往纽约的班机，他候补待位。 归纳拓展1.严阵以待；随时准备着 on stand

21、by 学以致用完成句子接到炸弹警报后，各紧急救助部门进入待命状态。The emergency services were put on standby after a bomb warning.5辆救护车在港口待命。Five ambulances are on standby at the port.重点句型1. 不定式的被动结构James Ryan is the fourth son in his family to be sent to fight inthe Second World War. (教材P29)詹姆斯瑞恩是他家里第四个被派去参加第二次世界大战的儿子。典例翻译It is an

22、 honor for me to be invited to the party. 我很荣幸被邀请参加聚会。 He is hard to convince. 他很难被说服。 I wanted the letter to be typed at once. 我想马上把信打好。 The house is to let. 此房出租。 归纳拓展（1）不定式的被动结构动词不定式有时态和语态的变化，不定式的被动形式是考查的重点，也是难点和易混点。不定式的一般被动形式为：to be done； 完成被动形式为：to have been done。不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般用被

23、动形式。（2）不定式结构中的“隐性”被动在某些“形容词+不定式”的结构中，句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。这些形容词有：nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。（3）主动形式表被动不定式和它前面所修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式表被动。注意：动词不定式“to blame, to seek, to let”等与be动词连用时， 不定式常用主动形式表被动。学以致用完成句子这些书和杂志不许

24、带出阅览室。The books and magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading room.这个问题很难解决。This problem is difficult to work out .我认为我也该受责备。I felt I was to blame , too.2. 完全倒装Among the many horrors inflicted on humanity by the Second World War was the massive bombing of civilians, often referred to

25、as “terror bombing”. （教材P30）二战给人类带来的诸多恐怖事件之一就是对平民的大规模轰炸，通常被称为“恐怖爆炸”。典例翻译On top of the hill stood a temple, in which lived two monks. 山上有座庙, 庙里有两个和尚。 The door opened and in came a middle-aged man. 门开了，进来了一位中年男士。 By the window sat a young woman with a book in her hand. 窗边坐着一位年轻女子，她手里拿着一本书。 Among these

26、 people was my friend Tom. 这些人中有我的朋友汤姆。 归纳拓展（1）表示地点或方位的介词短语位于句首，谓语动词是be、come、go、lie、sit、stand、run、walk等不及物动词时，常使用完全倒装。（2）以地点副词here、there、方位副词out、in、up、down、away及时间副词now、then等开头的句子里，常使用完全倒装，以示强调。学以致用单句填空In the east of the lake are (be)two villages, one of which is twice the size of the other.Then followed (follow) the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.On the ground lay (lie)some air conditioners, which were to be shipped to some other cities.