新教材2020-2021学年高中英语人教版必修第一册学案：UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS SECTION Ⅳ　单元要点复习 WORD版含解析.doc

1、Section 单元要点复习.重点单词1slide vi.&vt.(使)滑行；滑动slide into/out of溜进/出slide sth. into/out of悄悄把放进/拿出2rescue n&vt.营救；救援rescue.from.把从中营救出来come/go to ones rescue 设法营救某人3damage v损害；破坏n损坏；损失cause/do damage todamage(v.)伤害，损伤do harm to be harmful tobe bad for对造成伤害/有害处do good to sb. do sb. good be good for sb.对有好处

2、do wrong to冤屈，冤枉be good to be kind to对好心do well in be good at擅长；be bad/poor atbe weak in不擅长4destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭destruction n. U破坏；毁坏destructive adj. 破坏性的；造成破坏的5affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动be affected by被侵袭；被感动effect n影响have an effect /influence on对有影响in effect实际上take effect开始实行；开始生效；开始起作用bring/put sth. int

3、o effect使某物开始使用come into effect (尤指法律/规章制度)开始实施6ruin n&vt.破坏；毁坏in ruins严重受损；破败不堪be the ruin of成为毁灭(堕落)的原因come/fall into ruin毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉bring sb. to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产ruin oneself自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉7shock n震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊shocked adj.感到惊奇的，惊讶的(主语多为人)shocking adj.令人气愤的，令人惊讶的(主语多为物)be

4、 shocked at/by (doing) sth.被震惊be shocked to do sth.惧怕做某事It shocked sb. to see/hear. 看见/听到使某人震惊(be) a shock to sb.对某人来说是个打击in shock 震惊；吃惊8trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n险境；陷阱trap sb. into (doing).诱使某人(做)be trapped in.困在中，陷在中set a trap/traps 设陷阱9bury vt.埋藏；安葬；使沉浸；使专心bury sth. in.把埋到里bury oneself in (doing) sth.

5、埋头于/专心致志于(做)某事be buried in埋头于；专心于be buried in thoughts沉思bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面be buried alive 被活埋；隐居10breathe vi.&vt.呼吸breathe in吸入breathe out呼出breath n呼吸breathless adj.喘不过气来的；无风的hold ones breath屏住呼吸out of breath气喘吁吁；上气不接下气take a breath歇口气，歇会儿透口气get ones breath back喘过气来，恢复正常呼吸lose ones br

6、eath气喘吁吁，上气不接下气11effort n努力；艰难的尝试；尽力make efforts (an effort, every effort)做出努力spare no effort不遗余力，尽力去做with (an) effort努力地without effort毫不费力12suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦suffering n(身体、精神上的)痛苦，苦恼、苦难的经历suffer the result/heavy losses/injuries承受结果/遭受重大损失/负伤suffer from headache/illness/war/the flood遭

7、受头痛/疾病的困扰/战争/洪水13supply n. pl.补给品；供应(量)；补给vt.供应；供给the water supply水资源供应a good supply of/supplies of大量；备有许多in short supply供应不足；短缺supply and demand供求关系supply sb. with sth./supply sth. to sb.供应某人某物medical supplies医疗用品supply a need/demand满足需要supply sb. with sth.supply sth. to/for sb.向某人供应某物14power n电力供应

8、；能量；力量；控制力powerful adj.有力量的；有权力的powerless adj.无力的；无权力的in power执政中come to power当权；上台15calm adj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静calm (.) down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来keep/stay/be calm 保持镇静16aid n援助；帮助；救援物资vi.&vt.(formal)帮助；援助first aid急救give/do/offer first aid to sb.对某人进行急救with the aid/help of.在的帮助下go to ones aid/help前去帮助某人ai

9、d sb. with sth.帮助某人某事aid sb. in(doing) sth.帮助某人做某事aid sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事17wave n海浪；波浪vi.&vt.挥手；招手radio waves无线电波give sb. a wave向某人挥手wave to/at sb.向某人招手/挥手挥手告别某人18strike vt.&vi.(struck, struck /stricken)侵袭；突击；击打n罢工；罢课；袭击be struck with(by)为所侵袭；为所触动(感动)It strikes me that.我觉得；我的印象是strike a match划火柴st

10、rike on/upon打在上；撞到上be on strike在罢工go on strike举行罢工striker n罢工者；前锋；射手19deliver vt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表；为接生，分娩deliver sth. (to sb.)投递/传送某物(给某人)deliver a speech发表演说deliver a baby接生deliver sb./sth. over to sb. 把移交给某人20effect n影响；结果；效果effective adj.有效的；醒目的be of no effect无效；没有作用；不中用have an effect on影响carry /put

11、/bring sth. into effect实施，实行，使生效come into effect/take effect(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施in effecteffectively实际上be in effect(规律，法律等)生效，有效，在实行中.重点短语1set up设立；建立set off 出发；动身；开始set out 出发；动身set about (doing sth.) 开始(做某事)2as usual像往常一样3as ifas though似乎；好像；仿佛even ifeven though即使4nothing but除外什么也没有；只有；仅仅anything but绝不

12、，根本不5dig out掘出；发现dig into挖掘；深入钻研dig up找出；查明6in the open air露天；在户外on the air 在广播中，正在播出的in the air 在空中，悬而未决；在流行中7on hand现有(尤指帮助)by hand用手；靠人工hand in hand手拉手；连在一起地on the one hand.on the other hand一方面另一方面8sweep away消灭；彻底消除sweep aside对置之不理；全然无视；不理会sweep up清扫9stand at达到stand for代表；支持stand with(在某人心中)处于(何种

13、)位置；被(如何)看待stand by支持；袖手旁观；准备；站在旁边10pay attention to注意draw ones attention to吸引某人注意fix ones attention to注意concentrate on集中注意力于11carry out执行；实现；完成carry off夺走carry on继续carry through把进行到底.重点句型1Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃食，狗也拒绝进入建筑物中。

14、这是由并列连词and连接的两个简单句，too.to.意为“太而不能”。2Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water.老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身，鱼也从水中跳出来。句中looking for places to hide，是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其逻辑主语是Mice。3It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!世纪末日似乎到了！as if“仿佛；好像”，引导的从句在句中作表语。4Two thirds of th

15、e people who lived there were dead or injured.居住在那儿的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。关系代词who引导定语从句。5Thousands of children were left without parents.成千上万个孩子变成了孤儿。leave表示“使处于状态”时，可构成“leave宾语宾补”结构，其中宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、过去分词、现在分词、介词(短语)等充当。6The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coast

16、lines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries.昨天，过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少四个其他国家6 500多人死亡。这是一个主从复合句。主句是The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami；that crashed into coas

17、tlines across Asia yesterday是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词a tsunami，关系代词that在定语从句中作主语；killing more than.four other countries是现在分词短语在句中作结果状语。7Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车都被这场达到9.0级的强震引发的巨浪卷走了。这是一个

18、主从复合句。主句是Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and cars were swept away by huge waves；caused by the strong earthquake是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词huge waves，相当于定语从句that/which were caused by the strong earthquake；that reached a magnitude of 9.0是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词earthquake，关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。8I was having breakfast w

19、ith my three children when water started filling my home.我正和我的三个孩子吃早饭，突然海水冲入了我家。be doing.when.正在这时(突然)。9However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.然而，危险的状况和被损坏的道路将使得运送食品和供应品变得困难。句中make it difficult to deliver food and supplies是“make宾语宾语补足语”结构。写

20、作技巧点拨报道性写作：课堂讨论【题目要求】假设你是李华，最近你们班就“本市要不要修地铁”这一话题展开了一场激烈的讨论。请根据以下提示，给某英文报社的编辑写一封信，客观介绍这次讨论的情况。注意：1词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：交通拥挤traffic jam; 历史文物historical relicsDear editor，_Yours，Li Hua一、构思谋篇二、关键词语一场激烈的讨论a heated discussion多达up to赞成计划agree to a plan交通方式means of transport持相反的观点h

21、old the opposite opinion三、连词成句1最近，我们班就“本市要不要修地铁”展开了一场激烈的讨论。Recently our class had a heated discussion about whether a subway should be built in our city.2多达70%的学生赞成这一计划。Up to 70 percent of the students agree to this plan.3他们认为，在城市里地铁要比其他交通方式更快捷、更安全。They think that a subway train is faster and safer

22、than other means of transport in a city.4其他学生持相反的观点。The rest of the students hold the opposite opinion.四、连句成篇Dear_editor，Recently our class had a heated discussion about whether a subway should be built in our city. Now I am writing to tell you the result.Up to 70 percent of the students agree to th

23、is plan. They think that a subway train is faster and safer than other means of transport in a city. Besides, it is energysaving and doesnt cause pollution. Whats more, it can help reduce the traffic jam above ground. The rest of the students hold the opposite opinion. They think that it costs too m

24、uch money to build a subway and our city cant afford it. Whats worse, it may destroy some underground historical relics when a subway is being built.Yours，Li_Hua【亮点点评】亮点一：文章首先指出讨论的话题，然后分别列出赞成的观点和原因以及反对的观点和原因。结构严谨，层次清晰，行文流畅。亮点二：文中准确地运用了一些复杂的句式结构，显示出作者扎实的语言功底。例如，是whether 引导的从句，作介词about 的宾语；是一个that 引导的宾语从句，其中又包含两个形容词的比较级结构；也是that 引导的宾语从句，其中还用了it 作形式主语，动词不定式结构作真正主语。亮点三：文中修饰和表示数量的词语up to和the rest of 以及表示递进关系的词语besides，whats more 和whats worse 的使用，表明了作者对词汇有着良好的掌握能力。