新教材2020-2021学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第3册学案：UNIT 4 SECTION Ⅳ　写作指导 WORD版含解析.doc

1、Section 写作指导写作方法指导 如何写议论文写作指导议论文通过议论或说理来表达作者见解和主张。作者对某一问题持有一种看法，为了使读者同意自己的看法，提出若干理由，企图说服他人。高中英语议论文的写作要注意以下几点：1论点要鲜明、确切，一篇议论文只能有一个中心论点，论点一般在开头提出，然后加以论证。2论据要充分、可靠。一般是以事实为论据，也可以利用成语、格言、名人名言作为论据。3论证要严密、得法。归纳法和演绎法是议论文常用的论证方法。归纳法以例子为基础，从几个例子和现象中，归纳出某种道理和看法。演绎法以一个或多个看法为基础，从一般论断，演绎到不同事例，再加以论述，最后再回到一般论断上来。【常

2、用表达】第一部分，套用相关句型来引出议论。1Recently, our class have had a heated discussion about whether.2These years, some students are interested in.3Now, some people hold the view that.4Im writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about.5There are two opinions on it.6Opinions are divided on the question.第

3、二部分，采用关联词和句型列举事实依据，采用正反对比或归纳推理的方法，证明所持观点的正确性及表明其所持的态度。1Besides/In addition/Apart from it/Whats more/Above all.2For example./There are.such as.and so on.3On one hand.on the other hand.4First.Second.Third.5On the contrary/However/While./But.6At the same time, we should.7If. I believe we will.8As we se

4、e/As we all know/As far as I know，.9Of all students, 40% of them think.but others do not agree.10Some people believe that. but others say/consider that.11Some students are for the idea/are in favor of it/agree with it, while/but/however others are against it/disagree with it.第三部分，引用表示因果关系的关联词语、总结性的语

5、句强调和重申提出的观点，或者引用某些特定的短语和句型来揭示观点、礼貌地征求对方的建议。1In a word，. /In short，. /In brief，.2As a result，./Therefore，.3No doubt doing something is./There is no doubt that.4So in a word, we should.only in this way can we.5Generally speaking, most students think we should.6In fact/As a matter of fact, we can.7So,

6、for something, I suggest that we should do.8In my opinion, I think.9I have my own view about it, and I think.10Personally, I believe it is.11Now, we really dont know what to do about it.Could you tell us some good advice and help us out?【写作模板】(一)不同观点列举型(选择型)There is a widespread concern over the iss

7、ue that (作文题目)_ _.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that (观点一)_ _.In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, (原因一)_ _.Furthermore, in the second place, (原因二)

8、_ _.So it goes without saying that (观点一)_ _.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that (观点二)_ _.In their point of view, on the one hand, (原因一)_ _.On the other hand, (原因二)_ _.Therefore, there is no doubt that (观点二)_ _.As far as I am concerned, I firmly sup

9、port the view that (观点一或二)_ _.It is not only because _ _，but also because _ _.The more _ _，the more _ _.(二)利弊型的议论文Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that) (作文题目)_ _.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in (题目议题)_ _.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there

10、are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, (优点一)_ _.And secondly (优点二)_ _.Just as a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”， (讨论议题)_ _ is no exception, and in other words, it still has negative aspects.To begin with, (缺点一)_ _.In addition, (缺点二)_ _.To sum up, we should try to bring the

11、advantages of (讨论议题) _ _ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the (讨论议题)_ _.(三)答题性议论文Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that) (作文题目)_ _.It is really an important concern to every one

12、of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know, there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all, (途径一)_ _.In addition, another way contributing to success of solving the problem is (途径二)_ _.Above all, to solve the problem

13、 of (作文题目)_ _，we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say(方法)_ _.(四)谚语警句性议论文It is well known to us that the proverb “(谚语)_ _”has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study.It m

14、eans (谚语的含义)_ _.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.A case in point is (例子) _ _.Therefore, it goes without saying that it is of great importance to practice the proverb (谚语)_ _.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of pe

15、ople come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: (谚语)_ _.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.精品展示近年来，学生越来越广泛地使用电子词典，这既给学生带来了便利，也给学生带来了一些负面影响。请你根据以下要求写一篇英语短文：1电子词典的优点；2电子词典的缺点；3你的观点和结论。注

16、意：词数80左右。_【审题谋篇】第一步明确要求该写作属于利弊型的议论文，故以第三人称为主；时态以一般现在时为主。第二步确定段落本文应该至少分四段：Para.1提出话题；Para.2 使用电子词典的好处；Para.3 使用电子词典的坏处；Para.4 你的观点和结论。第三步提炼要点1The discussion about electronic dictionaries has never stopped in the past few years.近几年来，关于电子词典的讨论从未停止过。2An electronic dictionary has lots of advantages.电子词典有

17、很多优点。3The negative effects of an electronic dictionary are also obvious.电子词典的负面影响也很明显。4It can be most helpful to us in many respects so long as we can make proper use of it.只要我们能适当地利用它，它在许多方面对我们都会很有帮助。第四步句式升级1电子词典有很多优点，最大的优点就是它的方便。(一般表达)An electronic dictionary has lots of advantages.The biggest is

18、its convenience.(高级表达)An electronic dictionary has lots of advantages, _of which_ the biggest is its convenience.2现在，我们可以清楚地看到，电子词典本身并不是有益或有害的。(一般表达)Now, we can see that an electronic dictionary is not beneficial or harmful in itself.(高级表达)Now, we can see it clearly that an electronic dictionary is

19、_neither beneficial nor harmful_ in itself.参考范文：The discussion about electronic dictionaries has never stopped in the past few years.An electronic dictionary has lots of advantages, of which the biggest is its convenience.Whats more, they can pronounce the words clearly. Last but not least, more and

20、 more students can afford them.However, the negative effects are also obvious.To begin with, some students rely too much on them.In the second place, some explanations are not so accurate.Now, we can see it clearly that an electronic dictionary is neither beneficial nor harmful in itself.The key lie

21、s in the usersso long as we can make proper use of it, it can be most helpful to us in many respects.亮点点评：本文结构严谨。首段提出一个长时间争论的话题；第二段中指出该事物的优点；第三段阐述缺点；第四段首句下结论，表明此事物本身无对错，第二句指出关键在于使用者，即如果合理使用，就会从中受益。文章的论点和结论清楚明了，论据充分有力。在文字的运用上，本文词汇丰富，衔接顺畅而不乏高级词汇。例如afford，rely too much on和last but not least等的运用，恰当而有力。即

22、学即练暑假即将来临。你班同学讨论了假期计划，提出不同看法，请根据提示写一篇有关讨论的英语短文，并谈谈你的看法。优点缺点待在家中花费少、舒适方便不能亲身了解外界外出旅游增长知识、开阔眼界花费多、旅途不便注意：1.词数80左右(不含已写好的部分)；2短文必须包括表中所列要点，可根据内容分段表述；3可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：眼界horizon(或view)The summer holiday is coming.Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday._参考范文：The summer hol

23、iday is coming. Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday. Some are in favor of staying at home.They think its both convenient and comfortable.Whats more, they can save money for other purposes.But they will lose the chance of getting to know the outside world.However, othe

24、rs prefer to go out for the traveling since it can increase their knowledge and broaden their horizons.But they will spend more money and meet some difficulties while traveling.In my opinion, it would be much better to stay at home，for I can do what I like, such as reading books, watching TV, and helping my parents with the housework.