新教材2021-2022学年人教版英语选择性必修第四册学案：UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 教学 知识细解码 WORD版含答案.doc

1、1dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除dismissal n解雇；免职；开除2declare vt.表明；宣称；公布declaration n宣言；声明；公告3calculate vt.计算；核算；预测calculation n计算；预测；算计4explode vi.&vt.爆炸；爆破explosion n爆炸；爆破；猛增1nail n. 指甲；趾甲；钉子vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定He drove in a nail with one stroke of the hammer. n钉子I have tried to discourage him from biting nai

2、ls. n指甲He nailed boards together to make a box. vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定2dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除；开除He dismissed me from the club because of my serious mistake. vt.开除He dismissed his servant from his presence. vt.让(某人)离开In consequence of your bad work I am forced to dismiss you. vt.解雇Words and Phrases test

3、 out检验；测试教材原句P2It was going to be tested out by Larrys wife，Claire.机器人的性能将由拉里的妻子克莱尔进行检测。例Scientists test out theories by experiment.科学家用实验来检验理论。知识拓展test.out试用，试验，考验test sb./sth.(for sth.) (为而)测验/考查/试验/检查/化验某人/物put.to the test 使经受考验；检验；试验pass/fail a test 通过/没有通过测验即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The software has been

4、tested for viruses.My new boss gave me the most difficult clients to deal with.I felt he was really testing me out to see if I would cope.Might his promise soon be put to the test? The university students will test (out) the computer program for any bugs.大学生将对电脑程序进行检验，看有没有漏洞。appointment n预约；约会；委任教材原

5、句P2She had an appointment to paint her nails，then she went into an expensive clothes shop.她按预约去美甲，然后走进了一家高档时装店。例1They made an appointment for the second day of May.他们在五月二号有个约会。例2If you phone for an appointment in advance，itll save you waiting.如果你提前电话预约，就不用等了。知识拓展(1)have/make an appointment with sb.

6、约见某人；与某人约会keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约by appointment 按照预约(2)appoint vt. 委派；任命；指定；约定；确定appoint sb.to be/as. 任命某人(某职)appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事(3)appointed adj. 约定的；指定的即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The man has been appointed to be(be) managing director of the department.We must appoint somebody to finish (fi

7、nish) the tough task.Im coming here by appointment to collect my salary and bonus.She had/made an appointment with the science fiction writer to meet at the cafe.她和那个科幻小说作家约好在咖啡馆见面。小片段填空Thus she got an appointment with the appointed director.(appoint) guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的教材原句P2Although it was com

8、pletely innocent，Claire felt guilty.虽然完全是清白的，克莱尔还是感到内疚。例John had a guilty look on his face，leaving all the tasks to me.约翰脸上带着愧疚的表情，把所有的任务都交给了我。知识拓展(1)be guilty of犯有罪be/feel guilty about 对/为感到内疚/有愧(2)guilt n. 内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子It was ridiculous that the corrupt official declared that he was n

9、ot guilty of corruption.She had feelings of guilt(guilty) about leaving her children at home and going to work.The saleswoman felt guilty about not visiting her parents more often.女售货员因没有常去看望父母而感到内疚。suspend vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓教材原句P3Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling，but s

10、he fell off the ladder.克莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯，但从梯子上摔了下来。例 The next day the butcher found that the wolf was suspended on a hook and dead.第二天，屠夫发现狼被挂在钩子上死了。知识拓展(1)suspend.from.把悬挂在上，暂令停职(停学)(2)suspense n. 悬念；焦虑in suspense 悬而未决即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The wonderful film gave me a good experience because of its suspens

11、e(suspend)He didnt tell me the truth，which kept me in suspense all day.Julie was suspended from her job shortly after the incident.出事后不久，朱莉就被停职了。dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除教材原句P3The guests would be arriving soon，so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.客人们很快就要到了，克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。例1It was not

12、 easy to dismiss the matter from his mind.让他不把这件事放在心上很难。例2On Thursday，the company announced their plan to dismiss 180 employees.该公司周四宣布计划解雇180名员工。知识拓展dismiss.from将(某人)从开除；解雇；使退去be dismissed from ones post(某人)被免职dismiss fear from ones mind 消除(某人)心里的恐惧即学即练单句语法填空The minister was dismissed(dismiss) from

13、 his office in disgrace last week.I could not understand why Mr.Rochester had not asked the police to arrest her，or at least dismissed her from her post.She tried to dismiss fear from her mind.declare vt.表明；宣称；公布教材原句P3She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day，and that he f

14、elt more than just the desire to please her.克莱尔听到托尼宣布说他次日不想离开她，并且他心里的愿望不只是让她开心。例1He had a third examination and was declared unfit for duty.他接受了又一次检查，被宣布不适合执行任务。例2He declared that he would never steal again.他声明他再也不偷窃了。知识拓展(1)declare sb./sth.to ben./adj.宣布/宣称/某人/某事为declare that. 宣布/宣称/声明declare war o

15、n/upon. 向宣战declare against sb./sth. 声明反对某人/某事declare for sb./sth. 声明赞成某人/某事(2)declaration n. 宣布，宣告，声明即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The accused man was declared to be(be) innocent by the court.The company finally declared(declare) that the manager would resign from his post.They have now declared war on/upon drug d

16、ealers in the area.The chairman declared for the decision to increase the employees salary.董事长声明赞成增加雇员工资的决定。Sentence Patternsit作形式主语教材原句P2Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot，but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.克莱尔觉得一个机

17、器人对她表示同情是荒谬的，但她逐渐欣赏托尼的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。句式分析：句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句。例1It is important that you arrive on time.你准时到达很重要。例2It is necessary that he come next Monday.他有必要下周一来。 知识拓展英语中把主语从句后置，同时把形式主语it放在主语位置的常见句型有：(1)It is过去分词(reported，believed，said，announced等)主语从句 (该结构可与“Sb./Sth.be过去分词to do.”结构相互转换)(2)It

18、不及物动词(seem，happen，turn out，appear等)主语从句(3)It is名词词组(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour等)主语从句(4)It isadj.(clear，natural，obvious，possible，likely等)主语从句即学即练完成句子/一句多译It is reported that the film star will come to our city.据报道那位电影明星将来我们市。It is a pity that you cant go with us to enjoy the concert.你不能跟我们一块去欣赏

19、音乐会真是可惜。It is said that he studied abroad，but we dont know which country he studied in.He is said to have studied abroad，but we dont know which country he studied in.据说他在国外学习过，但是我们不知道他是在哪个国家学的。 bebeing形容词教材原句P3Tony told her she was being sensitive and was just as good as Gladys.托尼对克莱尔说，她这样想有点敏感，其实她就

20、像格拉迪丝一样好。句式分析：句中was being sensitive为“be being 形容词”结构，强调某人在某个时刻或时候的状况，而不是指这个人一直都是这样的。例1Is he being funny? 他是在故意开玩笑吗？例2The children are being quiet，I wonder what theyre up to.孩子们竟这样安静，我不知道他们又要捣什么鬼。知识拓展“be being adj.”结构用于陈述句，表示“被陈述对象一时的反常举止或行为以及说话人的惊讶、不满、责备、讽刺等情绪”。即学即练完成句子He must be wondering why every

21、one is being so rude to him他一定正在纳闷为什么大家都对他如此粗鲁。Reg is being very nice all of a sudden.Whats his game? 雷格突然变得非常和蔼可亲，他在耍什么花招？ Not everyone thinks that the government is being particularly generous. 并非所有人都认为政府这样做特别慷慨。suggest that.建议教材原句P3He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house

22、the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.托尼还建议在他离开，也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上，克莱尔邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来。句式分析：句中suggest后面的宾语从句用“(should)动词原形”。表示“要求，建议，命令”意义的动词，后面的宾语从句要用“should动词原形”虚拟语气，should可以省略。常见的这类动词有： insist，order，command，advise，suggest，propose，demand，require，request等。 例1They suggested/ advised th

23、at we (should) visit a class right away.他们建议我们马上去听课。例2 He insisted that I (should) go with them.他坚持要我同他们一起去。例3He ordered that it (should) be sent back.他命令把它送回去。知识拓展suggest还可以表示“暗示；表明”，后接宾语从句时，从句用陈述语气而不用虚拟语气。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The expression on his face suggested that he was (be) very angry.I suggested t

24、hat a meeting (should) be held(hold) tonight.His pale face suggested that he did be ill他苍白的脸表明他确实生病了。It was proposed that this matter (should) be discussed next time.有人提议这事下次再讨论。1教材原句P2Claire didnt want the robot in her house，especially as her husband would be away on a business trip for three weeks

25、，but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to be harmed.分析句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分句中as her husband would be away on a business trip for three weeks 为as引导的时间状语从句，第二个分句中that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to be harmed 为that引导的宾语从句。 译文克莱尔并不想家里有个机器人，尤其是在她丈夫要出差三周的时候，但是拉里

26、劝她说机器人不会伤害她，也不会让她受到别人的伤害。 2教材原句P2Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot，but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.分析句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分句中it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot 为省略了that的宾语从句，其中it为形式主

27、语，真正的主语为后面的主语从句that she was being offered sympathy by a robot。 译文克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情是荒谬的，但她逐渐欣赏托尼的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他了。 教材高考1.She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day，and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. (2020江苏卷) Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的

28、) traffic restrictions.2.She had an appointment to paint her nails，then she went into an expensive clothes shop.(2019全国卷) Postpone his appointment.3.He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. (2020全国卷) Official reports s

29、uggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325，000 in 2001 to 419，000 in 2013.单句语法填空1This model is technically superior to its competitors.2The officers had run the risk of being dismissed(dismiss)3These bonuses (bonus) will be paid when your savings p

30、lan matures in ten years time.4The second blind man grasped one of the elephants tusks and said，“Hes more like a spear than anything else.”5They could accept this suggestion with dignity.6May I make an appointment with you early this afternoon?7I cant get this lid off It seems to be nailed (nail) do

31、wn.8The two saleswomen (saleswoman) were busily trying to keep up with the demand.9These processes cannot contain any activity that causes them to be suspended (suspend)10We need to cover all of these situations before declaring (declare) our work finished.短语填空test out；make an appointment with；dismi

32、ss from；declare for；more like；experiment with；fall off；in time1When the proposal was put to the vote，they all declared for it.2The model must be tested out before you put the product on sale.3The director will make an appointment with those to seek the job.4The worker was dismissed from his post for

33、 unprofessional conduct.5If they cant get it to us in time，well just have to do without.6The girl lost her balance and fell off the balance beam.7By the end of June，China had built 410，000 5G base stations，laying a foundation for local companies to experiment with new applications.8He shall not get

34、so angry.What we have gotten here is more like a quarrel than a debate. .课文语法填空A robot named Tony was sent to Claires house 1.to be tested (test) out.He was tall and handsome with smooth hair 2.and a deep voice.Not only did he look like a human，but he 3.behaved (behave) like a true gentleman.He did

35、everything to comfort Claire.He prepared breakfast in 4.the morning.He even tried to help Claire get 5.dressed (dress)，which made Claire feel embarrassed.When he heard that Claire was not 6.satisfied(satisfy) with her house，he began to improve it.When he learned that Claire was jealous of another la

36、dy，he helped to improve 7.her (she) makeup and make Gladys and her friends admire Claire by 8.holding (hold) a party at home.Tony was only a robot，but he could do and think 9. exactly (exact) like a human.He even fell in love with his hostess，Claire，near the end of the test.10. What excellent science fiction it is!