新教材2021-2022学年人教版英语选择性必修第四册学案：UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 泛读 技能初养成 WORD版含答案.doc

1、阅读P89教材课文，选择最佳答案1How did the Time Traveller first know he had travelled through time?AThe laboratory remained exactly as before.BHis niece told him.CHe realized from the clock on the wall.DThe time machine told him.2What happened to the Time Travellers niece?AShe moved like a rocket in the lab.BShe

2、came to help the Time Traveller.CShe saw the author travel in the Time Machine.DShe was looking for something in the lab for a little while.3Why did the Time Traveller feel strange and unpleasant during the time travel?AThe time machine had been poorly designed.BHe was travelling through time at suc

3、h a high speed.CHe suffered from the time lag.DHe was feeling the time travel sick.4Why was the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine?ABecause he would lose control of the machine.BBecause the machine would explode as a bomb.CBecause the machine was so fast that he couldnt stop it.DBecau

4、se the same space would be possessed by other things.5What did the Time Traveller meet when he stopped?AA dinosaur.BA storm.CThe volcano.DAn explosion of a bomb.答案15CDBDBWords and Phrases教材原句P6In scifi stories，robots often become superior and take over.在科幻小说中，机器人往往会变得更占优势，并接管一切。(1)superior adj. 更好的；

5、占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的n.上级，长官；优胜者例1We have a relationship infinitely superior to those of many of our friends.我们之间的关系远比我们许多朋友之间的关系好得多。例2 He always does what his superiors tell him.他惟上级之命是从。知识拓展superior to比更好；更胜一筹be superior in 在方面优越be superior to 胜过；比好；不为所动/屈服be inferior to 比差/级别低即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The micr

6、owave is vastly superior in design to all other models.She felt socially superior to most of her neighbours.Of the two handkerchiefs，I think this one is superior to that one.在这两条手帕中，我认为这条比那条好。Modern music is often considered inferior to that of the past.现代音乐常被认为不如过去的。名师点津superior的易错点superior用作形容词时，本

7、身含有“较”的意思，故不再有比较级或最高级形式，用“superior to”表示“两事物的比较”。(2)take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手例1Try not to let negative thoughts take over.尽量别受消极的想法左右。例2Ive been driving for two hours；would you take over for a while? 我已经开了两个小时的车了，你能接着开一会儿吗？知识拓展take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功take on 呈现；雇用；承担take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留take up 占据；开始从

8、事即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Dont be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.多亏宽松的创业环境，很多大学生创办的公司都已经取得成功了。There will be many challenges ahead，but I have confidence that Ill

9、 take on the burden.前面会有很多挑战，但我有信心勇挑重担。conflict with与冲突或抵触教材原句P7A ROBOT MUST OBEY THE ORDERS GIVEN IT BY HUMAN BEINGS EXCEPT WHERE SUCH ORDERS WOULD CONFLICT WITH THE FIRST LAW.机器人必须服从人类给它的命令，除非这些命令与第一定律相冲突。例1He held firm opinions which usually conflicted with mine.他对自己的观点坚定不移，而这些观点通常和我的相冲突。例2The tw

10、o reports of what had happened conflicted with each other.关于发生的事情，两个报道截然不同。知识拓展in conflict with与冲突/与矛盾come into conflict with 与冲突/与矛盾即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译The boy often conflicts with other students，which makes his parents upset.He is so cautious that he tries not to conflict with his wife.He is so cautiou

11、s that he tries not to come into conflict with his wife. He is so cautious that he tries not to be in conflict with his wife.他很谨慎，尽量避免与妻子发生冲突。 turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是教材原句P8Night came as if a lamp was being turned out，and in another moment came the day.夜幕降临，仿佛灯灭了，转眼间，白昼降临了。例1The captain turned out t

12、he “no smoking” signs.队长把“禁止吸烟”的标志牌都翻了过来。例2 He said he was a doctor，but later he turned out to be a cheat.他自称是个医生，结果证明他是个骗子。知识拓展turn to转向；求助于turn in 上交turn off 关掉turn on 打开turn down 关小；调低；拒绝turn up 出现；到场；出席；出来；来到； 调大(声音、火等)即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子When Jack turns up，please turn up the radio，for he is a little

13、 deaf.Please turn to me for help when you are in trouble.She has turned down an invitation to visit that country. The librarian showed up to tell her to turn in her library books那名图书管理员出面让她返还所借图书馆的书。fall away(逐渐)减少；消失教材原句P8As my pace grew faster，the walls of the laboratory fell away，and I was left i

14、n the open air.随着我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁也随之消失，我被留在了户外。例1I saw that the ground fell away and down to a river，far below me.我看到地面陷落到河里面去了，在我脚下很深的地方。例2 Youd scarcely believe anybody could fall away so rapidly.你简直难以相信一个人会消瘦得这么快。知识拓展fall apart结束；分裂；解体；崩溃fall back 后退；倒退fall behind 落后(于对手)fall down 表现不足(或有误)；失败即学即练

15、完成句子Angie fell apart because she had lost everything.安吉崩溃了，因为她失去了一切。He fell behind when we were climbing the mountain.我们爬山时，他掉队了。The deal fell down partly because there were a lot of unanswered questions.交易失败，部分原因是有太多没有解答的问题。 division n分开；分隔；差异；除(法)教材原句P8The sun and moon looked as if they were being

16、 thrown across the sky，but soon there was division between night and day.太阳和月亮看起来像是被抛过了天空，但很快就有了白天和黑夜的区分。例1I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six.我女儿6岁时，我就教她怎样做除法。例2The division between the rich and the poor remains.贫富对立依然存在。知识拓展(1)division of / in某方面的差异division between A and BA和B

17、的差异(2)divide v. (使)分开；分配；分隔divide (sth.) into 分成；分为；把分割成divide (sth.) by 除以；用除divide (sth.) up /out 瓜分；分割；分配即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子There are deep divisions(division) in the party over the war.If you divide thirty by five，you can get six.We can also divide the screen into quarters，sixths，and so on.The divisi

18、on of labour is clear，each one being charged with specific responsibility.分工明确，各有专责。教材原句P8I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看眼前闪现的那些不可思议的东西！(1)urge n强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐例1She urged me into going to see him immediately.她劝我立即去看他。例2 We

19、all urged him to go ahead with his plan.我们都鼓励他实施他的计划。知识拓展(1)urge sth./sb.on催促某物/某人前进urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事urge sb.into doing sth. 催促/力劝某人做某事urge that.(should) 动词原形催促；极力主张It is urged that. 坚决要求；极力主张(2)have an urge to do sth.有做某事的欲望/冲动(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；紧迫的即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译The vacation is coming and

20、 I have an urge to travel(travel)She could hear him urging her on as she ran past.He urged her to reconsider her decision. He urged her into reconsidering her decision.他劝她重新考虑自己的决定。I urged that he (should) take immediate action to prevent such a thing happening again. I urged him to take immediate a

21、ction to prevent such a thing happening again.我极力主张他应该立刻采取措施阻止这样的事情再次发生。(2)random adj.随机的；不可思议的例1I cant keep up with him because his pace is random and irregular.我跟不上他，因为他的步调杂乱无章。例2The information is processed in a random order.信息是按随机顺序处理的。知识拓展(1)at random随意地；随机地(2)randomly adv. 随机地，任意地；无目的地即学即练单句语法

22、填空/完成句子He read a great deal，but at random for pleasure.These temples are scattered randomly (random)over the mountain.She opened the book at random and started reading.她随意翻到一页就看了起来。explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破教材原句P9But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else，we would be forced

23、together and explode like a bomb!但如果我停下来，同一个空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被压迫在一起，像炸弹一样爆炸。例When Wilson heated it，the container exploded，leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，使他双目失明。知识拓展(1)explode with anger/rage勃然大怒explode into/with laughter 哄堂大笑(2)explosion n. 爆炸即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The speakers mistake was

24、 so funny that the audience exploded into wild laughter.If the gas pipe exploded，the explosion(explode) would do great damage to the buildings around.The boss exploded with anger/rage when he heard the objection.老板一听到反对意见就勃然大怒。Sentence Pattern强调句型教材原句P8 It was at ten oclock today that the first of a

25、ll Time Machines began its career.今天十点钟，第一个时间机器开始了它的使命。句式分析：句中It was at ten oclock today that为强调句型：its被强调部分that 其他成分。例1It was John who/that bought an old bike yesterday in a marketplace.是约翰昨天在市场上买了辆旧自行车。例2It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it.直到下车之后我才意识到这事。知识拓展强调句型的基本结构为：it is/was被强调

26、部分that/who其他成分(1)此结构中it 没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调部分。(2)此强调句型只能强调主语、宾语、状语，不能强调谓语。(3)被强调的成分是表示人的词时用who/that，而被强调是其他时(事物、时间、地点等)只能用that。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Why is it that you put off the meeting?It was me that/who he helped yesterday.It was Susan and John who were (be) absent from school yesterday.It was Alice and her

27、 boyfriend that/who sent the old man to the hospital.是爱丽丝和她的男朋友把这位老人送到医院的。句意理解题记叙文、说明文和议论文中可能会考查句意理解题。要求学生用合适的语句解释一个具有概括性的句子或格言、谚语。设问形式常有：(1)The underlined sentence in the first/second/. paragraph means “ ”(2)Which of the following best explains the underlined sentence in the first/second/. paragrap

28、h?解题技巧“意义吻合”定句意1速读文章，找出文章中与画线句子相关的句子；2对比信息句、画线句和选项，确定答案。例文Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camels hair.There were no

29、camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱的)His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he ha

30、d been doing.The cats lot was about to improve. That year，one of Benjamins cousins，Mr.Pennington，came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamins drawings.When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist.These were the first pictures and fi

31、rst real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?AThe cat would be closely watched.BThe cat would get some medical care.CBenjamin would leave his home shortly.DBenjamin would have real brushes soon.D根据文中的“Before long，the cat began to look rag

32、ged(蓬乱的)”和“When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.”可知，为了制作画笔本杰明剪猫的毛使猫“破相”，接下来讲到堂兄给他送来了颜料和画笔使猫的命运得到改善，隐含着“本杰明将得到真正的画笔”。由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。即学即练Ill never forget that “very important meeting” with a guidance counselor(咨询顾问) during my senior year of high school.I gladly and duti

33、fully shared my dreams，and was looking forward to hearing his lifechanging advice on how best to achieve my academic and professional goals for the future.He told me that I was not college material and that “possibly a nice secretarial school” would be more my leagueHis advice did change my life，tho

34、ugh not in the way he expectedbecause I didnt follow it.I didnt even consider it.By trying to put limitation on my future，he made me even more determined to pursue(追求) a college degree and a career of my choice.What does the underlined sentence indicate?AThe author could work in a secretarial school

35、.BThe author might be more suitable to be a secretary.CThe author was good at communicating with others.DThe author was encouraged to receive higher education.B句意理解题。根据画线处所在句“He told me that I was not college material and that possibly a nice secretarial school would be more my league.”可知，咨询顾问告诉作者她不是上大学的料，可能一所好的秘书学校更适合作者。也就是说咨询顾问觉得作者可能更适合做秘书。故选B。