新教材2021-2022学年人教版英语选择性必修第四册学案：UNIT 4 SHARING 教学 知识细解码 WORD版含答案.doc

1、1dust n沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰dusty adj.布满灰尘的2chemist n化学家；药剂师；药房chemistry n化学3resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去resignation n辞职；辞职信4pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷prayer n祷告；祈祷5ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的ripen vt.& vi.成熟，使成熟1parcel n包裹vt.裹好；打包；分成若干部分I am going to take the parcel to the post office this afternoon.n.包裹The sales clerk parceled

2、 the customers purchases.vt.打包They parceled out the land into small plots. vt.分成若干部分2mail n邮件；信件；邮政vt.邮寄；发电邮给Dont forget to mail your mother the letter. vt.邮寄Please forward my mail to me. n邮件；信件If we want to send something to another department，we use the mail system.n邮政3shade vt.给遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把涂暗 n阴凉

3、处；灯罩；阴影部分These trees afford a pleasant shade. n阴凉处This artist uses light and shade to good effect. n阴影部分A big hat shades the eyes. vt.给遮挡(光线)4wrinkle vt.&vi. (使脸上)起皱纹；皱起n.皱纹The old mans face is covered with wrinkles. n皱纹She wrinkled up her nose in distaste. vt.皱起The skin on her cheeks and around her

4、 eyes was beginning to wrinkle.vi.(脸上)起皱纹Words and Phrases mail n邮件；信件；邮政 vt.邮寄；发电邮给教材原句P38Ive been dying to have some of my favourite sweets，and its always nice to get mail!我一直非常渴望吃一些我最喜欢的糖果，而且收到邮包总是令人开心不已！例1Ive just come out to mail some letters.我刚出来要寄几封信。例2I mailed him a letter yesterday.昨天我给他邮去一

5、封信。知识拓展(1)mail sb.sth.mail sth.to sb.给某人邮寄某物mail out 邮寄出去(2)by mail 以邮寄方式即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The shop mailed the book to me.The school said it would mail out acceptance letters on Tuesday.How much does it cost to mail a letter in Italy? 在意大利寄一封信要多少钱？chorus n合唱曲；合唱团 vt.合唱；齐声说教材原句P38When I reach the school

6、 grounds，Im greeted by a chorus of “good morning” from the boys.我走进校园时，男孩们齐声对我喊“早上好”。例1Never before have I heard this song sung in chorus.我从来没有听过这首歌的合唱。例2The papers all chorused the praises of the President.各报都异口同声地对总统表示赞扬。知识拓展a chorus of齐声；异口同声in chorus 异口同声即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子“Hello，” they shouted in c

7、horus.The professors speech was welcomed with a chorus of praise.He was met with a chorus of applause from the audience.观众齐声对他报以一阵热烈的掌声。 not to mention更不用说；且不说教材原句P38Theres no electricity，running water or even textbooks，not to mention laptops，tablets，or other modern devices!那儿没有电，没有自来水，甚至没有课本，更别提笔记本

8、电脑、平板电脑或者别的现代化设备！例1Old folk and children alike are all against the proposal，not to mention the youth.老人、小孩都不赞成这个建议，更不用说年轻人了。例2 You shouldnt think of a free day，not to mention flying off for a months vacation.你别想有一天的空闲时间，更别说乘飞机去度一个月的假了。知识拓展mention sb./sth.to.向提起某人/某物as mentioned above 如上所述be (not) wo

9、rth mentioning(不)值得一提Dont mention it. 不要客气，不用谢。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子As mentioned(mention) above，the function of the device is wonderful.Its no big deal；its not even worth mentioning(mention)Dont mention itYou should drink some water and go to lie down.He mentioned to John that he had seen you somewhere in

10、 joint.他跟约翰说他以前在某个公共场所见过你。名师点津not to mention“更不用说”，相当于一个插入语，但其后所接的词的形式要求与前面的词平行一致，一般用于否定句之后。表达“更不用说”的短语还有：let alone；not to speak of。I love apple pies，not to mention apples.I love apple pies，not to speak of apples.I love apple pies，let alone apples.我喜欢苹果派，更不用说苹果了。relevant adj.有关的；切题的教材原句P38Sometimes

11、I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these studentsfew will ever become chemistsand most will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.有时，我会想化学对这些学生来说到底有多大的用处几乎没有人会成为化学家而且大多数人无论如何在八年级后都要回到自己的村庄。例 I completed the senior courses of Computer Basics，plus five relevant precollege courses.我完成了

12、计算机基础的高等课程，外加五门相关的大学预科课程。知识拓展(1)be relevant to与有关(2)relevance n. 关联；切题have (no) relevance to 和(无)有关即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译You can write anything relevant(relevance) so long as its interesting and informative.I dont think what he said is relevant to the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.这部电影与课堂

13、上正在讨论的事情有关。The film is relevant to what is being discussed in class.(relevant)The film has relevance to what is being discussed in class.(relevance)The film is related to what is being discussed in class.(relate)The film is connected/associated with what is being discussed in class.(connect/associat

14、e)名师点津“与有关”的其他表达形式还有：be related to；be connected with；be associated with等。shade vt.给遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把涂暗 n阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分教材原句P38Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst，up a mountain from where we had fantastic views，and then down a shaded path to the valley below.我和另一位老师步行了两个半小时

15、才到达那里。首先，爬上一座山，在山上我们看到了美妙的景色，然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小路走到下面的山谷。例1Ive heard that，in the Sahara，there is no shade during the day，and the stars seem especially brilliant on clear nights.我听说在撒哈拉，白天没有阴凉之处，在晴朗的夜晚星星看起来格外灿烂。例2 There stand some students in uniform in the shade.阴凉处站着一些穿着校服的学生。知识拓展(1)in the shade在阴凉处，阴暗处；默

16、默无闻a shade of 少许，微微(2)shade.from/against. 给遮挡shade.with. 用遮挡即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子We were completely shaded from the sun by the poplar trees.We sat down in the shade of the wall.A shade of doubt in her voice made me afraid.Its long branches and leaves shade them from/against the sun.它长长的树枝和树叶为他们遮挡了阳光。wrink

17、le vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起n.皱纹教材原句P38Tombes father，Mukap，a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead，led us to his house.汤贝的父亲穆卡普，一位下巴结实、额头满是皱纹的男人，把我们带到他的房子前例1She wrinkled her nose at the smell.她闻到这气味就皱起了鼻子。例2 Her skin was still without a wrinkle.她的皮肤仍然没有皱纹。知识拓展(1)wrinkle (up) ones forehead皱起额头wrink

18、le with age 随着年龄皮肤皱起(2)wrinkles in ones face 脸上的皱纹(3) wrinkled adj. 有皱纹的即学即练单句语法填空His face was wrinkled with age.A little old woman with a wrinkled(wrinkle) face as brown as a berry told us our fortunes for ten pence.In addition，sleep has been shown to reduce wrinkles in the face and neck.小片段填空If so

19、me Tshirts are wrinkled，hang them in the bathroom while you take a shower.Steam the wrinkles(wrinkle) ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的教材原句P39He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau (sweet potato)，ripe corn，and greens.接着，他把热石头放入一个空油桶，里面有栲栲(甘薯)、熟玉米和青菜。例1It is the ripe time for China to make

20、a breakthrough in hightech field.中国在高科技领域取得突破的时机已经成熟。例2 You can be the one who directs the conversation to fun topics that are ripe for others to add humor.你可以把谈话引向有趣的话题，而这些话题已经成熟，可以为其他人增添幽默感。知识拓展(1)be ripe for的时机成熟；准备就绪；即可；适于(2)ripen vt.& vi. 成熟，使成熟即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Im waiting for the apples to ripen(

21、ripe)Often you do not notice that the time is not yet ripe for it.To help these fruits ripen faster，keep them on the counter for 2 to 5 days.为了使这些水果成熟得更快，要把他们放在柜台上2至5天。drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动教材原句P39My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards hom

22、e.当我们拖着沉重的步伐下山回家时，我浑身肌肉酸痛，双膝颤抖。例1I have to drag myself out of bed each day.我每天都不得不迫使自己从床上爬起来。例2 The climbers dragged along the dried river bed to find a shade.攀爬者沿着干旱的河床慢慢前行寻找阴凉处。知识拓展drag in把拉进来；硬把(某人)拉进(某事)drag on 拖延；使拖延；拖长(声调、字眼等)drag oneself along (慢吞吞地)拖着脚走drag up 拉上，拔出；故意提起(不愉快的往事)drag .out of

23、. 把从中拖出来即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子There was no need to drag up the time he spent in prison.The children are so busy playing that they dont want their dinner；youll have to drag them inThe meeting dragged on for more than two hours.The selfdiscipline is required to drag myself out of bed eleven minutes earlier t

24、han usual.我需要这种自律比平时早11分钟把自己从床上拽起来。【熟词生义】Some old thoughts may act as a drag on the development of the society.一些旧思想可能会阻碍了社会的发展。privilege n特权；优惠待遇 v给予特权；特别优待教材原句P39It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.与汤贝一家共度了一日，真是一种荣幸。例1Education should not be a privilege in the modern soc

25、iety，for everyone has the right to do so.在现代社会，教育不应该是一种特权，因为每一个人都有权利接受教育。例2Its such a privilege to be a part of these kids lives.能够成为这些孩子生活中的一部分那也是一种特权。知识拓展(1)It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种殊荣。have the privilege to do/of doing sth.有特权做某事(2)privileged adj. 有特权的；受特别优待的be privileged to do sth.有幸做某事即

26、学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Its a privilege to meet(meet) you；Id like to introduce myself.We are privileged(privilege) to welcome you as our speaker this evening.Ladies and gentlemen，I have the great privilege of introducing/to introduce our speaker for you tonight.女士们、先生们，我很荣幸地向大家介绍今晚的发言人。Sentence Patternsbefore

27、引导时间状语从句教材原句P38 The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，我还没有反应过来，突然混合物就冒着泡从试管中涌出，酒得到处都是！句式分析：句中before引导时间状语从句，意为“没来得及”。另外before除了其基本意思“在之前”以外，还可以表示“(之后)才；以免；免得”之意。例1It will

28、 be some time before we know the full results.还要过一些时间我们才能知道全部结果。例2The magazine was snatched from my hand before I could read it.我还没来得及看那期杂志，它就被从我手里抢走了。知识拓展(1)“It was时间段before.”表示“过了多久才”。从句常用一般过去时。(2)“It was not long before.”意为“不久就”。从句常用一般过去时。(3)“It will not be long before.”表示“不久就会”。从句常用一般现在时。(4)“It

29、will be时间段before.”表示“要过多久才”。从句常用一般现在时。即学即练完成句子If you miss this chance，it will be years before you get another one.如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。It wont be long before we get used to the new school life.不久我们就会习惯新的学校生活。It was three days before he came back.过了三天他才回来。It was a long time before she recovered

30、 from the operation.很长一段时间后她才从手术中康复。 doubt whether.怀疑；不相信教材原句P38To be honest，I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boys lives at all. 说实话，我怀疑我是否能对这些男孩们的生活有什么影响。句式分析：句中doubt用作动词，意为“怀疑，不相信”。在肯定句中doubt后面的从句由whether/if引导。例1I doubt whether he is in good faith.我怀疑他是否有诚意。例2I doubt whether your

31、procedure would be considered regular by authorities.我怀疑当局是否会认为你的手续合乎规定。知识拓展(1)There is (some) doubt之后常接whether引导的从句，表“怀疑是否会”；there is no doubt后常接that引导的从句，表示“对毫不怀疑”。(2)doubt用作动词时，意为“怀疑，不相信”。在肯定句中doubt后面的从句由whether/if引导；在疑问句或否定句中doubt后面的从句由that引导。即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译There is no doubt that more and more p

32、eople prefer shopping online nowadays.There is some doubt whether he will pass the final exam.I doubt whether/if he will be opposed to the idea. I have some doubt whether he will be opposed to the idea.我怀疑他是否会反对这一想法。I dont doubt that my daughter will have a bright future.I have no doubt that my daug

33、hter will have a bright future.我毫不怀疑我的女儿会有光明的未来。1教材原句P38It took about two weeks to arrive，and it was a bit damaged，but it was so nice to get some sweets and jam from home；Ive been dying to have some of my favourite sweets，and its always nice to get mail!分析句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，其中and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，it为形式主语，

34、它们真正的主语分别为后面的动词不定式短语to get some sweets and jam from home和to get mail。 译文大约花了两周的时间包裹才到达，而且有点破损，但是真高兴能收到家里寄来的一些糖果和果酱；我一直非常渴望吃一些我最喜欢的糖果，而且收到邮包总是令人开心不已！ 2教材原句P38There is no equipment，and since there isnt even a washroom，if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin!分析句中and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，sinc

35、e there isnt even a washroom 为since引导的原因状语从句，if I need water 为if引导的条件状语从句。 译文这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来！教材高考1.Ive been dying to have some of my favourite sweets，and its always nice to get mail！(2021浙江卷)Youve got mail. and its a postcard2.Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hour

36、s to get therefirst，up a mountain from where we had fantastic views，and then down a shaded path to the valley below.(2020全国卷)He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue.3.It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.(2020天津卷)Its been

37、years since they were dusty little rooms with books.4.Unlike students in our country，these boys do not wear cotton uniforms，and many of them also have to walk a long way，sometimes for up to two hours，just to get to school.(2019浙江卷)There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea.5.Such ho

38、using is dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.(2019浙江卷)Housing development pushed into the woods.单句语法填空1A postman is a man employed to deliver letters and parcels (parcel). 2Last year，he mailed(mail) the documents to French journalists. 3He stood and dusted(dust) down his suit and fold

39、ed the letter away. 4They are all uniform in size and shape.5Medical opinion varies on how many tablets (tablet) it takes to overdose. 6The two chemists (chemist) shared the Nobel Prize.7I did indeed look older and more wrinkled(wrinkle) than ever.8He was shaded (shade) from the sun by the pure whit

40、e royal umbrella yesterday.9They disapproved of my dragging (drag) in his wealth.10The play，whose style is rigidly(rigid) formal，is typical of the period. .短语填空a chorus of；not to mention；by mail；a shade of；be ripe for1The dampness is uncomfortable，not to mention the cold.2The proposal was greeted wi

41、th a chorus of approval.3There is only a shade of difference in appearance between the twins. 4He made up the books into a parcel and sent it to his friend by mail. 5The time is ripe for us to make a final decision on this project.课文语法填空Jo wrote the blog entries to tell us her 1.teaching(teach) life

42、 in a bush school as a volunteer.She described the school whose classrooms 2.were made(make) of bamboo and roofs of grass.They had never come across chemistry experiments 3.before Jo came here.Jo gave a detailed 4.description(describe) of her first visit to a village.After two and a half 5.hours(hou

43、r) of walking，she arrived at Tombes home 6.where she could see a low bamboo hut with grass 7.sticking(stick) out of the roof，which had no windows.Inside the house，she found a newly made platform for Jenny and her to sleep 8.onOutside the house，she saw Mukap laid stones on the fire，placed them in 9. an empty oil drum with kau kau，corn and greens and then 10. covered(cover) the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam.She felt happy after the visit to Tombes family.