2023届新教材高考英语全程一轮复习 第四讲 形容词、副词和比较等级.docx

1、第四讲形容词、副词和比较等级12021新高考卷The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will _ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! 22021全国甲卷Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local

2、 people going about their _ (day) routines.32021全国甲卷After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what _ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!42020全国卷One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called a

3、ll great artists to come and present their _(fine) work, so that he could choose the best.52021新高考卷The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _ (hot) the spring! 考点研析多维讲练 考点一 形容词和副词的基本用法1.形容词的基本用法(1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等。2021全国甲卷书面表达As far as I know, Chin

4、ese traditional culture, including paper-cutting, guzheng and so on, has its unique characteristics.据我所知，中国传统文化，包括剪纸、古筝等，都有其独特的特点。2020新高考山东卷读后续写Although it was a hard time and things were tight for everybody, Bernards business worked out quite well. 虽然那是一段艰难的时期，每个人的处境都很艰难，但伯纳德的生意做得很好。 (2)形容词作状语主要表示原

5、因、结果或伴随等，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。Flushed and breathless, she bounded in through the gate.她满脸通红气喘吁吁从大门口跑了进来。名师指津以-ly结尾的形容词，常见的：friendly, lovely, lively, lonely, elderly, deadly 等。2副词的基本用法(1)副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或修饰整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。2020全国卷Landing on the moons far side is extremely challenging.登陆月球的背面是极其有挑战性

6、的。2021全国乙卷书面表达 Besides, we can absorb all kinds of resources to learn more efficiently. 此外，我们可以吸收各种资源来更有效地学习。2020新高考山东卷读后续写Needless to say, they were deeply moved, especially Bernard who finally found a way to make money for his family.不用说，他们都深受感动，尤其是伯纳德，他终于找到了赚钱养家的方法。(2)常考的连接性副词：though“然而，可是”(用于句末)

7、; meanwhile“在此期间”； therefore/thus/consequently“因此，所以”； moreover/furthermore“而且，此外”； besides“另外，还有”； however“然而”； instead“相反，代替”； anyway/anyhow“尽管，即使这样”； otherwise“否则”。The young man couldnt afford a new car. Instead, he bought a used one.那个年轻人买不起新车，便买了一辆二手的。The house was too expensive and too big. Be

8、sides，Id grown fond of our little rented house.这个房子太贵、太大了，而且，我已经越来越喜欢我们租的这间小屋了。名师指津易用错的几类副词(1)意义有别的同根副词。如：free(免费地)/freely(自由地), hard(努力地)/hardly(几乎不), late(晚，迟)/lately(最近), most(很，最)/mostly(主要地), fair(公平地)/fairly(相当地), near(临近)/nearly(几乎)等。(2)有些副词有两种形式：以-ly结尾时表示抽象意义；与形容词同形的表示具体意义。如：close接近/closely密

9、切地； wide宽地/widely广泛地； high高地/highly高度地； deep深地/deeply深深地。即学即练(单句语法填空)12022陕西省重点中学模拟 _(interesting)enough，the United Nations even has a cartoon character to represent this day.22022合肥市高三第一次质量检测 The painting is made up of 10 sub-themes，and was created _ (large)using marker pens.32022安庆市二模 In the study

10、, GBS was used to provide a _ (high) efficient way of demonstrating quantum computational speedup in solving some tasks.42022青岛质量检测The United States，Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that adults need at least seven hours sleep a night to stay _ (health).52022安徽六校第二次联考The organization

11、 helps to organize events across America to make children feel _ (delight).考点二 形容词和副词的比较等级1.比较级和最高级的构成(1)规则变化变化规则例词单音节的词一般在后面加-er和-esttalltallertallestquickquickerquickest以“辅音字母e”结尾的词，在后面加-r和-stlatelaterlatest palepalerpalest以“辅音字母y”结尾的词，将y改为i，再加-er和-estearlyearlierearliest heavyheavierheaviest以一个辅音

12、字母结尾的重读闭音节词，要双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-estthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottest其他双音节和多音节的词都在前面加more和mostcarefulmore carefulmost careful名师指津有少数几个双音节以及-ow, -er, -le结尾的词，既可以加-er和-est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。常考的词：narrow, common, clever, simple, quiet, stupid等。(2)不规则变化good/wellbetterbest; bad/illworseworst; many/much

13、moremost; farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest; littlelessleast; oldolder/elderoldest/eldest2比较等级的用法(1)同级比较asadj./adv. (原形)as. “和一样”；not as/soadj./adv. (原形)as. “和不一样”Since people are fond of humour, it is as welcome in conversation as anywhere else.因为人们喜欢幽默，所以在谈话中或其他任何地方它都是受欢迎的。当as. as结构中有名词时，可用以下结构：

14、as形容词原级a(n)n. as.asmany可数名词复数as.asmuch不可数名词as.Im not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as tiring a day as today.今天对房间进行了大扫除之后我很累，我从来没有过比今天更累的一天了。(2)比较级“形容词/副词比较级than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更”。“less形容词/副词原级than”结构，表示“一方不及另一方”。I know my sister better than anyone

15、else.我比其他任何人更了解我姐姐。名师指津修饰比较等级的副词：much, even, still, far, yet, a little, a lot, a bit, rather, any等。more, very等副词不可修饰比较级。(3)最高级表示三者或三者以上的比较，常见的结构：“the最高级表示比较范围的短语或从句”，表示“是中最的”。Tom is content with the watch. It is the best gift he has ever got.汤姆对这块表很满意。这是他得到的最好的礼物。最高级的其他表达法否定词比较级比较级thanany other单数名词比

16、较级thanall the other复数名词比较级thanany of the other复数名词比较级than anything/anyone elseYour story is perfect. Ive never heard a better one before.你的故事太完美了，我以前从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/than all the other rivers/than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。名师指津有些词

17、本身就有最高级含义，不能再用最高级形式，常见的：favourite，wonderful，exhausted等；有些词本身有比较级含义，故不与than连用，如be senior to等。(4)含有比较等级的特殊句型theadj. /adv. 比较级， theadj. /adv. 比较级 “越，越”adj. /adv. 比较级andadj. /adv. 比较级“越来越”theadj. 比较级of the two名词“某人或某物是两者中较的那个”no more than“仅仅”， not more than“至多；不超过”more. than. “与其说不如说”no比较级than “和一样不”not

18、比较级than “不比更”倍数句型A is倍数比较级thanBA is倍数as原级asBA is倍数the名词(size, length, height等)ofBThe electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.总的来说，电子废弃物正以比传统垃圾快三倍的速度增加。More and more people realise the importance of learning a foreign language well.越来越多的人认识到学好一门外语的

19、重要性。即学即练(单句语法填空)12021浙江6月卷 When the house was built, it was much _ (small)than it is today.22021浙江卷1月 This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including _ (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.32020浙江1月 The

20、 first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes _ (old) than before. 42022厦门市第三次质量检测The more steps people walked, the _ (low) their risk of dying was, before leveling off at around 7，500 steps per day.

21、小试牛刀.语法填空2022南京市、盐城市高三二模Chinese weddings are as much about the happy couples as they are about their respective families.The weddings are 1._ (impress) affairs that focus on blessings of happiness.The date of the wedding ceremony is chosen not 2._ chance.Many couples carefully choose a favorable dat

22、e 3._ (bring) success to their marriage.The ceremony can last anywhere from four hours to three days，4._ depends on how many Chinese wedding traditions are observed.The Chinese wedding invitation is 5._ (typical) red with a golden Double Happiness symbol，dates for the wedding and names of the bride

23、and bridegroom 6._ (include) inside.While Chinese wedding traditions have modernized and no longer involve a large procession，the journey to pick up the bride 7._ (be) still a lively affair.It can involve 8._ use of firecrackers，playing of drums and gongs，or even a lion dance.Another vital tradition

24、，the Chinese tea ceremony (Jing Cha)，9._ (perform) at Chinese weddings to show the new couples respect，gratitude，and 10._ (appreciate) for their parents love，support，and effort in raising them.A red tea set with a Double Happiness symbol is used for the tea ceremony.写作运用补全下面写作，注意形容词和副词的运用。Dear David

25、，Ive learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to learn the Chinese language and culture. 1._ (我很高兴你对中国有浓厚的兴趣)and I would like to be your friend. 2_(我将尽可能经常地给你写信介绍中国文化). When you have an opportunity to come to China, Ill teach you how to speak Chinese and 3. _(带你参观一些著

26、名的历史名胜) 4._(无论如何， 我将尽可能多地帮助你)How do you think?Im looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely，Li Hua第四讲形容词、副词和比较等级高考感悟1答案与解析：undoubtedly考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰动词help。故填undoubtedly。2答案与解析：daily考查词性转换。修饰名词routines应用形容词形式，daily routine为固定搭配，意为“日常生活”。3答案与解析：better考查比较等级。分析句子结构，且根据空后的than可知，空处应用good的比较级。4

27、答案与解析：finest考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。5答案与解析：hotter考查比较等级。根据语境可知，气温越低，温泉就越热。本空所在句使用了“the比较级，the比较级”结构，表示“越越”。故本空填hot的比较级hotter。考点研析多维讲练考点一1答案与解析：Interestingly考查副词。有趣的是，联合国甚至有一个卡通人物来代表这一天。此处作状语修饰整个句子，应该用副词形式。2答案与解析：lar

28、gely考查词形转换。修饰空后的动词using，需要用副词。所以填largely。3答案与解析：highly句意：在这项研究中，GBS被用来提供一种高效的方法来证明量子计算在解决一些任务时的加速。修饰后文形容词efficient应用副词highly，表示程度高。4答案与解析：healthy考查形容词。此处表示成年人每晚需要至少七小时的睡眠来保持健康。stay healthy为固定搭配，意为“保持健康”。故填healthy。5答案与解析：delighted考查形容词。句意：此组织帮助在全美组织活动，让孩子们感受到快乐。设空处前的feel为连系动词，其后常跟形容词作表语，表示主语的状态或特征。故填

29、delighted。考点二1答案与解析：smaller考查比较级。根据后面的than it is today可知，此处要用比较级，表示“比现在小得多”。故填smaller。2答案与解析：lower考查形容词比较级。根据后面的“higher” “fewer”可知，此处也用形容词比较级。故填lower。3答案与解析：older考查形容词的比较级。结合句意及下文的than before可知，这里意为“比以前更加年老”。故填比较级。4答案与解析：lower考查固定句式。“the比较级，the比较级”意为“越，越”为固定句式。根据“The more”可知，此处应用比较级。小试牛刀.语法填空【语篇解读】本

30、文是说明文。介绍了中国的婚礼习俗的相关内容，包括婚期、请柬、仪式和敬茶等方面。1答案与解析：impressive考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词affairs，意为“让人印象深刻的事情”。故填impressive。2答案与解析：by考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用固定短语by chance，在句子中作状语，意为“婚礼日期的选择不是偶然的”。3答案与解析：to bring考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式短语作目的状语，表示许多夫妻仔细斟酌选择婚期，是希望他们的婚姻美满。4答案与解析：which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，

31、其先行词为主句，关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。5答案与解析：typically考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰形容词red，应用副词形式。6答案与解析：included考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为独立主格结构，在句中作状语，include与其逻辑主语dates.and names.bridegroom为动宾关系，意为“婚期和新娘、新郎的名字被包含在内”。故用过去分词形式。7答案与解析：is考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境并结合本段叙述所使用的时态可知，此句应该使用一般现在时。故填is。8答案与解析：the考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表特指，应使用定冠词。9答案与解析：i

32、s performed考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。结合本段叙述所使用的时态可知，此处应使用一般现在时，又主语和perform之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语为单数形式。故填is performed。10答案与解析：appreciation考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应填名词，与句子中的名词respect及gratitude并列，表示“感激”。故应填appreciation。.写作运用1答案：Im glad that you show such great interest in China2答案：I will try my best to write to you as often as possible to introduce you the Chinese culture3答案：show you around some famous historical places of interest.4答案：Anyway, I am going to help you as much as I can.