2023届新教材高考英语全程一轮复习 课时作业23 Unit 3 Back to the past 牛津译林版选择性必修第三册.docx

1、Unit 3Back to the past.阅读理解A2022泉州市高三质量监测(一)People today are not unfamiliar with terms such as “going ecofriendly” and “sustainable lifestyle”. However, there exists a group of sceptics (怀疑论者) who believe that going ecofriendly is merely a fad (一时的风尚). I disagree with this viewpoint. Going ecofriend

2、ly is not merely a fad and it does, in fact, change the beliefs and attitudes of people.The longterm presence of environmental organisations shows the efforts that people have made towards going ecofriendly. Organisations such as World Wildlife Fund advocate people to go ecofriendly. The high involv

3、ement of the organisations and the participants is thus a strong indicator that going ecofriendly is not merely a fad but a trend that can last decades.Another strong indicator is the emergence of sustainable products in many industries, such as organic produce and electric vehicles. The consumer de

4、mand, coupled with ecoconscious (环保意识的) businesses, is behind the sharp increase in such products. This shows a shift in the beliefs and attitudes of people towards adopting a sustainable lifestyle. Thus, it seems quite certain that going ecofriendly is not merely a fad.While some people who broadca

5、st their ecofriendly practices are criticised for just hoping to project an ecoconscious image, there are a number of celebrities who have been practising the zerowaste lifestyle for years. For those who do so for years, and not mere days or months, it is indeed a commitment that can only come with

6、a true change in beliefs and attitudes towards caring for the earth.The call to save the earth looks set to stay. With the development of technology and the appearance of many platforms advocating going green, people are more willing to change their beliefs and attitudes when they can learn about an

7、d appreciate the positive impact of the work of different environmental organisations and individuals. It is hoped that these efforts will go a long way in ensuring that our planet will remain a suitable place to live in.1Why does the author mention World Wildlife Fund?ATo appreciate its environment

8、al efforts.BTo encourage people to go ecofriendly.CTo evidence the universal recognition of going green.DTo highlight the difficulty in changing peoples attitudes.2What does the underlined word “emergence” mean in Paragraph 3?ASudden disappearance.BSharp increase.CGradual development.DLimited applic

9、ation.3What does the author expect of technology development?AIt may discourage people from sustainable lifestyle.BIt may boost the business of organic produce.CIt will be used to project all ecoconscious image.DIt will promote environmental awareness.4What is the authors purpose in writing this tex

10、t?ATo prove going ecofriendly is a lasting trend.BTo popularize the ecofriendly products.CTo offer strategies to go ecofriendly.DTo advertise for ecofriendly platforms.B2022南昌市高三摸底测试卷When you walk on a sandy beach, it takes more energy than walking down a sidewalk because the weight of your body pus

11、hes into the sand. It turns out that the same thing is true for vehicles driving on roads.“The weight of the vehicles creates a very shallow indentation (凹痕) in the pavement like its continuously driving up a very shallow hill，” said Jeremy Gregory, a scientist at MIT. He modeled with his teammates

12、how much energy could be saved and how much greenhouse gases could be avoided by simply hardening the nations roads and highways.And they found that hardening 10 percent of the nations roads every year could prevent the emission (排放) equal to 440 megatons of carbon dioxide over the next 5 decades th

13、at amount is equal to how much CO2 youd spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of oil in the ground or by growing 7 billion trees for a decade. It reduces 0.5% of projected transportation emissions over that time period.As for how to harden roads, Gregory says you could combine small amounts

14、of certain fibre with high technology into paving materials. Or you could pave the roads with speciallymade concrete, which is harder than ordinary construction materials.This system could also be a way to shave carbon emissions without some of the usual barriers.“Usually, when it comes to reducing

15、emissions in the transportation sector, youre talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves (牵涉) millions and millions of people as opposed to changing the way we design and preserve our pavements. Thats just on the order of thousands of people who are

16、working in transportation agencies.” And when it comes to improving our streets and highways those agencies are where you might say the rubber meets the road.5How does the author develop Paragraph 3?ABy giving examples.BBy making classification.CBy listing figures.DBy analyzing causes.6What does Gre

17、gory suggest for hardening roads?AMixing fibre with special concrete.BChanging regular paving materials.CCreating hitech computer models.DUsing ordinary building materials.7What is an advantage of the roadhardening system?AIt reduces construction costs.BIt profits transportation agencies.CIt regulat

18、es driver behavior.DIt avoids involving too many people.8What can be a suitable title for the text?AWalking Down Beaches or Sidewalks?BHardening Roads Helps Save EnergyCHow to Cut Down Carbon EmissionsDA System of Hardening Roads.完形填空2022广东七校第一次联考试卷When living in Los Angeles, I walked my dog every S

19、unday morning around a lake near my house.Week after week, I saw the same elderly woman sitting at the edge of the _1_ with a small metal cage next to her.My _2_ finally got the best of me and I _3_ the woman one day. I noticed that it was _4_ a small trap and that she had three small turtles in it.

20、 In her lap, there was a fourth turtle that she was carefully _5_ down with a sponge. I greeted her and asked what she did with these turtles every week. Smiling, she explained that she was cleaning their shells because any seaweed that _6_ on a turtles shell reduces its _7_ to absorb heat and slows

21、 down their swimming.I was _8_ as the woman continued，“I do this every Sunday morning, or lifethreatening _9_ might appear.”“But dont most turtles live their _10_ lives with seaweed on their shells？”I asked. The woman agreed that was the _11_. I replied，“Well then, you are _12_ to do this, but most

22、turtles dont have people around to help them with this.” The woman laughed as she looked _13_ down at the small turtle.“Young man, to the world I may be one person, but to this little turtle I am the world.”Indeed, though you may not be able to change the world or _14_ everyone, you can still make a

23、 big _15_ in one persons life. Never choose not to do anything just because you cant do everything.1A.field BcourtCwater Dcliff2A.pity Banxiety Ccuriosity Dresponsibility3A.inspired Bassisted Ccontacted Dapproached4A.naturally BnormallyCoriginally Dactually5A.wiping BturningCbreaking Dpressing6A.bui

24、lds up Bbrings upCsets out Dhands out7A.risk Bcost Cburden Dability8A.relieved Bimpressed Cembarrassed Ddisappointed9A.types Bplaces Cconditions Dmovements10A.early Bentire Cenergetic Dextraordinary11A.magic Breality Cpurpose Dexperience12A.police Bclumsy Cconsiderate Dridiculous13A.gently Bproudly

25、Cnervously Dstrangely14A.know Blove Cown Dhelp15A.deal Bdifference Cfortune Ddecision.应用文写作2022济南市学情诊断考试假定你是李华，上周日你校组织学生进行了“垃圾分类”宣讲活动，请给学校英文网站写一篇报道，内容包括：1参加人员；2活动内容；3活动反响。注意：词数应为80左右。Garbage classification starts from ourselves_课时作业(二十三).阅读理解A语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与自然环境保护环保将是一种趋势【语篇解读】环保不仅仅是一时的风尚，事实上，它正改变人们

26、的观念，因而将是一个长久的趋势。环保组织的长期存在、可持续性产品的出现、消费者对可持续性产品的需求、具有环保意识的企业增多和名人的长期践行，这些足以证明人们对环保的观点和态度的改变。1答案与解析：C考查理解目的的能力。根据第二段首句可知，环保组织的长期存在表明了人们为环保所做的努力，接着举例说明世界自然基金会倡导人们环保。由此可知，作者提到世界自然基金会是为了举例证明推行 环保得到了普遍认可。故C项正确。2答案与解析：B考查理解词汇的能力。根据语境可知，第三段第二句中的such products是指画线词后的sustainable products。由此可推知，画线词与“sharp incre

27、ase”意思相近。故B项正确。3答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。题干问作者对科技发展抱有什么期待。根据最后一段中的“随着科技发展和许多倡导绿色环保平台的出现，人们在了解和欣赏不同的环保组织和个人的工作所产生的积极影响时，更愿意改变自己的信仰和态度”可知，作者期望科技发展会提高环保意识。故D项正确。4答案与解析：A考查理解目的的能力。综合全文，尤其是第二段尾句和第三段尾句可知，作者写此文的目的是为了证明倡导绿色环保不仅仅是一时的风尚，而是一种长久的趋势。故A项正确。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会研究发现硬化路面可减少温室气体排放【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了麻省理工学院的科学家Jerem

28、y Gregory和他的团队利用“在不够坚硬的路面上行驶会消耗更多的能量”这一规律，发现通过简单地硬化路面就可以减少温室气体的排放。5答案与解析：C考查推断的能力。通过第三段中所列举的一些数字可知，本段是采用列数字的写作手法展开的。故C项正确。6答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第四段中的“you could pave.ordinary construction materials”可知，他建议用比普通的建筑材料更硬的特制的混凝土铺路，即改变普通的铺路材料。故B项正确。干扰项分析本题考生易错选A项。考生根据第四段中的“combine small amounts.ordinary con

29、struction materials”会认为他建议把纤维和特制的混凝土结合。但是，原文中有个Or，即他提出了两种铺路方法：一种是纤维和高科技结合；一种是用更硬的特制的混凝土。而不是把两者结合。7答案与解析：D考查推断的能力。根据最后一段中的“Usually, when it comes to. preserve our pavements.”可知，当人们谈到减少尾气排放时，其实是在谈论改变与交通工具相关的政策和司机行为，这牵涉很多人；而改变道路的设计和维护却恰恰相反，即硬化道路这一方法不会牵涉太多人。故D项正确。8答案与解析：B考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。本文主要讲述科学家发现了“在不够坚硬

30、的路面上行驶会消耗更多的能量”这一规律，并通过模拟实践证明硬化路面可以节省能量，减少温室气体的排放。故B项正确。.完形填空语篇类型：夹叙夹议文主题语境：人与自然关爱动物帮海龟刷去壳上的海草【语篇解读】作者每周日早上去湖边遛狗的时候都会看到一位老太太，她身边还放了一个小金属笼，作者耐不住好奇心，决定一探究竟。原来老太太每天都在湖边用海绵帮海龟刷去身上的海草，以便海龟能够很好地吸收热量和正常游泳。尽管我们无法改变世界或帮到每一个人，但是我们小小的善举仍能给世界和他人带去很大的影响。考点分布：名词6个，动词(短语)4个，形容词3个，副词2个。1答案与解析：C考查语境推断。根据上文中的“I walke

31、d. around a lake”可知，作者每天在湖边都能看到一位老太太。2答案与解析：C考查语境推断。根据语境可知，由于耐不住好奇心，作者最终走近那位老太太去一探究竟。get the best of “获胜；胜过；占上风”。3答案与解析：D考查语境推断。参见上题解析。4答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者走近一看发现金属笼子实际上是一个捕捉器。5答案与解析：A考查语境推断。根据下文中的“she was cleaning their shells”可知，老太太正在拿海绵擦拭龟壳。6答案与解析：A考查逻辑推断。根据语境“seaweed that _6_ on a turtles she

32、ll”和常识可知，海草会堆积在海龟壳上。build up“增多”；bring up“养育”；set out“出发”；hand out“分发”。7答案与解析：D考查语境和常识推断。根据语境和常识可知，龟壳上沾满海草会影响海龟吸收热量的能力。8答案与解析：B考查语境和常识推断。根据语境和常识可知，一位老太太拿着海绵擦拭海龟壳，这样的举动让作者感到很钦佩。9答案与解析：C考查语境推断。根据上文中的“reduces its _7_ to absorb heat and slows down their swimming”可知，这些情况可能会危及海龟的生命。10答案与解析：B考查语境和常识推断。根据常识

33、和下文中的“but most turtles dont have people around to help them with this”可知，大多数海龟的一生都会伴随这种情况。11答案与解析：B考查常识推断。根据常识可知，作者说的是一种实际情况。12答案与解析：C考查语境推断。结合上文中讲述的老太太拿海绵擦拭龟壳，因为龟壳上的海草影响海龟吸收热量的能力可知，老太太的行为是非常体贴的。13答案与解析：A考查语境推断。结合语境可知，老太太如此关爱海龟，因此，她看海龟的目光应是非常温柔的。14答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据语境可知，尽管我们无法改变世界或帮助到每一个人，但我们仍然可以通过自己的

34、一些小小的举动来给世界和别人带去很大的影响。15答案与解析：B考查语境推断。参见上题解析。make a difference “有作用，关系，影响”。.应用文写作参考范文：Garbage classification starts from ourselvesLast Sunday we witnessed a special garbage classification activity, which drew the attention of students in our school.First, as scheduled, our headmaster delivered a spe

35、ech in the open ceremony. Later, at 900 am., the experienced biology teacher gave our students a class of how to classificate garbage and the garbage classification system. Then, we held a competition of garbage classification, which strengthened our study ability.By attending the activity, not only did we rich our knowledge, but also we enhanced our awareness of environment.