新教材2021-2022学年高中外研版英语选择性必修第四册学案：UNIT 1 LOOKING FORWARDS 突破 语法大冲关 WORD版含解析.doc

1、动词时态根据新课标的要求，高中阶段需要掌握下列10种时态：一般过去时、过去将来时、一般现在时、一般将来时、过去进行时、现在进行时、将来进行时、过去完成时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时。一、一般过去时、过去将来时、一般现在时、一般将来时观察例句观察下列句子并指出所用的时态1. He told us yesterday that he would not go with us if it rained.一般过去时；过去将来时2I will be fourteen years old next month.一般将来时3People generally have meals three times a

2、day.一般现在时归纳用法(一)一般过去时1一般过去时的构成为did/was/were2一般过去时的用法(1)表示过去某时间的动作或状态；(2)在时间及条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。(二)过去将来时1过去将来时的构成为would/should do/be2过去将来时的用法表示从过去某时间看，将要发生的事情。(三)一般现在时1一般现在的构成为do/does/am/is/are2一般现在时的用法(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作、现在的特征或状态、客观事实及普遍真理等；(2)在时间及条件状语从句中代替一般将来时。(四)一般将来时1一般将来时的构成为will/shall do/be2一般将来时的用法表示

3、将来某一时刻的动作或状态或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或状态；3一般将来时的其他构成形式及一般用法(1)be going to do(表示打算去做的事或根据某种迹象预示要发生某事)；(2)be to do(表示按计划或安排即将要做的事或按照职责、义务、规定、命令等应该做某事)；(3)be about to do(表示即将要发生的动作)；(4)另外，go、leave等动词的现在进行时形式也可表示按计划或安排即将要做的事。名师点津be about to do不与表示将来的具体时间状语连用，但可以和并列连词 when(and at that time)引出的分句连用。即学即练1单句语法填空I th

4、ink I should take the offer now.But at the moment, school comes (come) first.Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain (rain)My friend said he would be (be) here at eight oclock.二、过去进行时、现在进行时、将来进行时观察例句观察下列句子并指出所用的时态1. They are having a birthday party now.现在进行时2Bob was working in the lab when the p

5、ower failure occurred.过去进行时3Can I call you back at two oclock this afternoon?I am sorry, by then I will be flying to Beijing.将来进行时归纳用法(一)过去进行时1过去进行时的构成为was/were doing2过去进行时的用法(1)表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，或过去某一个阶段内一直在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有：at this/that time过去时间；at.oclock过去时间；from.to.过去时间；those days；just now等；(2)表示动作在另

6、一个过去的动作发生时正在进行，常与when，while引导的时间状语从句连用；(3)一些非延续性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划、安排将要发生的动作，多用于从句中。(二)现在进行时1现在进行时的构成为am/is/are doing2现在进行时的用法表示现在(说话人说话时)正在进行的动作或存在的状态，或现阶段一直进行着的动作，常与now；right now；at present；these days；at this moment 等时间状语连用。(三)将来进行时1将来进行时的构成为will/shall be doing2将来进行时的用法表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作，常与 at t

7、his time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow；(by) then; from 1：30 to 4：30 tomorrow/ the day after tomorrow等时间状语连用。名师点津现在进行时及过去进行时常与always，constantly，continually, all the time等状语连用。表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作，或强调赞赏、厌恶、生气、好奇等感情色彩，不强调动作正在进行或发生。即学即练2单句语法填空The man is always forgetting (forget) something.The boy fell whil

8、e he was riding (ride) his bicycle yesterday.Mary, could I use your computer this evening?Sorry.I will be writing(write) my essay on it then.三、过去完成时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时观察例句观察下列句子并指出所用的时态1He has received 3 letters so far.现在完成时2We had already learned 3，500 words by the end of last term.过去完成时3I have to see t

9、he doctor because I have been coughing a lot lately.现在完成进行时归纳用法(一)过去完成时1过去完成时的构成为had done2过去完成时的用法(1)表示过去某一时间或动作前已完成的动作或存在的状态(即表示“过去的过去”)；(2)表示过去某一时间的动作或状态持续到过去的另一时间，常用的时间状语有 by/until/before/by the end of“表示过去的某一时间”；(3)表示愿望、打算的词，如：hope，expect，mean，intend，want，suppose等，其过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图；(4)在“It wa

10、s/had been一段时间since 从句”句型中，since从句的谓语用过去完成时。(二)现在完成时1现在完成时的构成为has/have done2现在完成时的用法(1)表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，也许还将持续下去的动作或状态。常用的时间状语有：lately; recently; in the last/past few days/years; since then；up to now；so far 等；(2)表示过去已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。注意这时说话者强调过去的事情对现在造成的影响。常用的时间状语有：already；just(刚刚)；yet；before等；

11、(3)在“最高级名词”或“It/This isthe first/second.time”之后的定语从句中，谓语动词用现在完成时。(三)现在完成进行时1现在完成进行时的构成为has/have been doing2现在完成进行时的用法(1)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在并且还要继续下去的动作；(2)表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直反复进行的动作。即学即练3单句语法填空Great changes have taken(take) place in Hangzhou in the past few years.So far this year，104 banks have failed(fail)

12、She had learned(learn) some English before she came to our school.It is the third time(that)he has left (leave)the key at home.单句语法填空1In a word, mass media will be (be) all the more important in the future and their function will enormously expand.2I knew that they would be(be) worried about me beca

13、use I was so far away from home.3This was the first time I had experienced(experience) sandstorms and I dont ever want to be in one again.4They searched (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.5In order to make my dream come true, I worked parttime to save money while I wa

14、s studying (study) at college.6There is no doubt that more than one change has taken (take) place in my school recently.7I will be studying (study) English at this time tomorrow.8It was ten years since we had had (have) such a wonderful time.9This is the most interesting party that I have enjoyed(en

15、joy)10Every means had been tried(try) to solve the problem, but none of them were effective.短文语法填空For good mental health, do not judge too quickly.A young couple 1. lost/had lost (lose)all their investment before they moved into a new neighbourhood.The next morning, while they 2.were eating (eat) br

16、eakfast, the young wife saw her neighbour hang the wash outside.“That laundry is not clean，” she said to her husband.“The neighbour doesnt know how to wash correctly.Perhaps she 3.needs (need) better laundry soap.”Her husband looked on, and 4.remained (remain) silent.Her neighbour would hang her was

17、h to dry almost every day.The young woman 5.was making (make) the same comments all the time.About one month later, the young woman was about 6.to criticize (criticize) her neighbour when she was surprised to see a nice clean wash on her neighbors line and said to her husband, “Look! I thought she 7

18、.would hang(hang) dirty laundry again.She 8.has learned(learn) how to wash correctly.I wonder who taught her this.”The husband said, “I got up early this morning and cleaned our windows！” Can you see how it might be a good idea to check first to see if your windows are clean? What we see when watching others 9.depends (depend) on the purity of the windows through which we look.Before we 10.give(give) any criticism next time, it will be a good idea to check our state of mind and ask ourselves if we are ready to see the good rather than just look for something wrong in the people we encounter.