河南省 南阳市 2014届高考英语考前阅读理解应试点睛（6） WORD版含答案.doc

1、河南省南阳市2014届高考英语阅读理解应试点睛阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Today just as technology changed the face of industry, farms have experienced an “agricultural revolution”. On the farm of today, machines provide almost all the power. One of the most important benefits will be the farm compu

2、ter. A few forward-looking farmers are already using computers to help them run their farms more efficiently. The computers help them keep more accurate records so they can make better decisions on what crops to plant, how much livestock (家畜) to buy, when to sell their products, and how much profit

3、they can expect. Many computer companies have been developing special computer programs just for farmers. Programs are being written for pig producers, grain farmers, potato farmers, and dairy farmers. In the future, farmers will be able to purchase computer programs made to their needs. Because of

4、the growing importance of computers on the farm, students at agricultural colleges are required to take computer classes in addition to their normal agricultural courses. There can be no doubt that farmers will rely on computers even more in the future. While the old-time farms depended on horse pow

5、er, and modern farms depend on machine power, farms of the future will depend on computer power. Another technological advance which is still in the experimental stage is the robot, a real “mechanized hired hand”that will be able to move and, in some ways, think like a human being. Agricultural engi

6、neers believe that computer-aided robots will make shocking changes in farming before the end of the century. Unlike farmers of the present, farmers of the future will find that many day-to-day tasks will be done for them. Scientists are now developing robots that will be able to shear (修剪)sheep, dr

7、ive tractors, and harvest fruit. Even complex jobs will be done by robots. For example, in order to milk their cows, farmers must first drive them into the barn, then connect them to the milking machines, watch the machines, and disconnect them when they are finished. In the future, this will all be

8、 done by robots. In addition, when the milking is completed, the robots will automatically check to make sure that the milk is pure. The complete change of the farm is far in the future, but engineers expect that some robots will be used before long. 1. Which sentence carried the main idea of the wh

9、ole passage? A. The first sentence of the third paragraph. B. The first sentence of the second paragraph. C. The first sentence of the first paragraph.D. The last sentence of the second paragraph. 2. According to the passage, computers can not help farmers decide_.A. how much money they can earn fro

10、m their productsB. whether to plant a certain kind of cropC. what livestock to raiseD. when to sell their products3. Which of the following statements is true? A. Farmers in the future will depend totally on computers. B. Farmers mainly use machines on their farms at present.C. Both computers and ro

11、bots have been in use on todays farms. D. Students at agricultural colleges must take computer classes because they can do nothing without the help of computers on todays farms. 4. What is the best title for the whole passage? A. Computer, Farmers Best FriendB. Farmers in the FutureC. The Agricultur

12、al RevolutionD. Computers and Robots【参考答案】9. CCBC阅读理解-AAn overweight, middle-aged man lies dead on a trolley, with a woman weeping over his body. The body s cold hand still grasps a half-eaten McDonald s hamburger. American doctors TV ad features the image which weakens the slightest of appetites an

13、d the line I was lovin it The hard-hitting US television commercial supported by a Washington-based medical group has angered McDonald s by taking an unusually direct shot at the world s biggest fast-food chain this week. The line is a twist on McDonald s long-standing advertising slogan, Im lovin i

14、t” and a voiceover intones：“High cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attacks. Tonight, make it vegetarian.” The commercial，funded by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine ( PCRM ) goes further than most non-profit advertising and has drawn an angry reaction from both the Chicago-base

15、d hamburger multinational and the broader restaurant industry. The National Restaurant Association criticised it as irresponsible and said it was an attempt to scare the public with a limited” view of nutrition. A McDonald s spokesman said：This commercial is unbearable, misleading and unfair to all

16、consumers. McDonald s trusts our customers to make food and lifestyle choices that are right for them. ” The commercial，to be aired at the beginning in the Washington area but potentially in fuither US cities, comes amid an increasingly lively debate in the US about healthy eating. The first lady, M

17、ichelle Obamarhas made nutrition a signature issue and is leading a campaign to encourage physical fitness and improved diets - particularly among American children，a third of whom are overweight. The economic decline has hardly helped the healthy eating cause. McDonald s has enjoyed a relatively pr

18、osperous financial crisis as diners choose its affordable offerings in place of more expensive high-street restaurants. Its global profits for the six months to June were up 12% to $ 2. 3billion, powered by sales rises both in the United States and Britain. The PCRM s director of nutrition education

19、, Susan Levin, made no apologies for singling out the golden arches(拱门)： “ McDonald s is one of the biggest fast-food chains in the world. Its name and its golden arches are instantly recognisable. We feel we re making a point about all fast food when we talk about McDonald s. ”1. The ad-maker makes

20、 a change in the McDonald s slogan _.A. to warn people of risk of eating fast foodB. to convince people of cause of the deathC. to remind people of the man s preferenceD. to accuse the McDonald s of the murder答案解析：答案为A。由第二段 “The line is a twist on McDonald s long-standing advertising slogan, Im lovi

21、n it” and a voiceover intones: High cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attacks. Tonight, make it vegetarian.”可知，广告商对麦当劳的标语进行了改变是因为麦当劳的食物含有高胆固醇，它还会导致高血压，心脏病，因此广告商们警告人们吃麦当劳食物的危险，故答案为A。D选项“控告麦当劳谋杀”夸大了广告商的意图，故不选。2. The goal of this passage is to tell us that_.A. the TV commercial goes too farB. peo

22、ple enjoy eating fast food for its tasteC. Michelle Obama s campaign doesn t workD. McDonald s provides unhealthy food答案解析：答案为D。本题考查文章的写作目的。文章第一、二段介绍了广告商对麦当劳的标语进行了改变，意在警告人们麦当劳食物的危险性，后面的内容介绍了这样的广告惹怒了麦当劳和快餐饮食业，然而这种非盈利的广告还是得到了公众的支持，并且美国第一夫人Michelle Obama也在健康饮食运动中签字，最后一段重申了PCRM总会长Susan Levin的意见，对于打击麦当劳没

23、有任何歉意，快餐食品危害人们的健康。因此，本文的写作目的就是告诉人们麦当劳的食物不健康。A、B、C都与写作目的无关，故不选。3. “The golden arches” in the last paragraph refers to _.A. the lineB. the adC. McDonald sD. fast food答案解析：答案为C。本题为词义猜测题。由最后一段“the golden arches（金色的拱门）”后面的内容 “McDonald s is one of the biggest fast-food chains in the world. Its name and it

24、s golden arches are instantly recognisable.”可知，“The golden arches”指代的是麦当劳，故答案为C。4. What is the theme of the passage?A. A fierce debate about healthy eatingB. McDonald s targeted in US health adC. A US health ad advocates healthy lifeD. Say goodbye to McDonald s right now答案解析：答案为B。本题考查文章的主题。结合第2题的分析可

25、知，本文的主题是围绕麦当劳成为美国健康饮食广告的打击对象而展开，故答案为B。社会生活类阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“Congratulations, Mr. Jones, its a girl.”Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different answer from every man who hears these words. Some feel proud when they receive the news,

26、while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking for

27、ward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly. Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child,it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunatel

28、y, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this remobilization process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of a father. It is argued by some writers that the transition to the fathers role, although difficult,

29、is not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mothers role. The mothers role seems to require complete transformation in daily routine and highly innovative adaptation; on the other hand,the fathers role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact

30、 that growing number of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household. 1. According to the author, being a father_.A. brings a feeling of excitement to some menB. has a different meaning for those who have daughtersC. makes some men feel

31、proud and others uneasyD. means nothing but more responsibilities2. It is stated in the passage that_.A. some parents are not prepared to have a childB. young couples do not like children at allC. working couples do not have much time to take care of their childrenD. many parents look forward to hav

32、ing a boy as their first child3. The transition to the mothers role requires that the wife_.A. change her lifestyle in a highly innovative wayB. make a complete change in her everyday life to deal with the new situationC. stay at home to take care of the babyD. help her husband in his remobilization

33、 process4. Some writers argue that with respect to the change of roles,fathers,compared with mothers, _.A. have to shoulder more burdensB. have to make more difficult adaptationsC. have an easier job to doD. can usually do a better job【参考答案】32.CABC 阅读理解-BFor much of the world, vegetarianism (素食主义) i

34、s largely a matter of economics: Meat costs a lot more than beans or rice, so meat becomes a special-occasion dish. Even where meat is more plentiful, its still used in control, and it often provides a side note to a meal rather than taking center stage. In countries like the United States where mea

35、t is not as expensive, though, people choose to be vegetarians for reasons other than cost. Parental preferences, religious or other beliefs, and health problems are among the most common reasons for choosing to be a vegetarian. Many people choose a vegetarian diet out of concern over animal rights

36、or the environment. And lots of people have more than one reason for choosing vegetarianism. Different people follow different forms of vegetarianism. A true vegetarian eats no meat at all, including chicken and fish. A lactoovo vegetarian eats dairy products (乳制品) and eggs, but keeps out meat, fish

37、, and chicken. It follows, then, that a lacto vegetarian eats dairy products but not eggs, and an ovo vegetarian eats eggs but not dairy products. A stricter form of vegetarianism is veganism. Not only are eggs and dairy products excluded (排除) from a vegan diet, so are animal products like honey. So

38、me macrobiotic (养生的) diets fall into the vegan category. Macrobiotic diets limit not only animal products but also refined and processed foods, foods with preservatives, and foods that contain caffeine or other stimulants (刺激物). Following a macrobiotic or vegan diet could lead to nutritional deficie

39、ncies (营养不足) in some people. Teens need to be sure their diets include enough nutrients to fuel growth, particularly protein and calcium. If youre interested in following a vegan or macrobiotic diet its a good idea to talk to a registered dietitian. He or she can help you design meal plans that incl

40、ude enough nutrients. 1. The underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means _.A. there is usually a note beside the meat in a mealB. meat often attracts peoples attention in a mealC. meat is served only a small amount in a mealD. meat should play an important part in a meal答案解析：答案为C。本题为语义

41、理解题。结合划线句子前面的内容 “Even where meat is more plentiful, its still used in control” 可知，甚至是肉非常多的地方，人们仍然控制肉的进食量，因此肉在饮食中只是 “a side note” 而不是“center stage.”，因此划线句子意思是肉在饮食中只占少量，故答案为C。 2. Which of the following is NOT the reason for Americans being vegetarians?A. They are environmentally friendly.B. They are c

42、oncerned about the rights of animals.C. They worry about their own health.D. They cant afford to buy meat.答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。由第二段 “In countries like the United States where meat is not as expensive, though, people choose to be vegetarians for reasons other than cost.” 可知，除了因为肉的花费原因外.，美国人选择素食有诸多原因。故答案为

43、D。3. A vegan diet will include _.A. neither animal products nor diary productsB. diary products but no eggsC. animal products like honeyD. processed food答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由倒数第二段 “A stricter form of vegetarianism is veganism. Not only are eggs and dairy products excluded from a vegan diet, so are anim

44、al products like honey.”可知，vegan diet里排除了eggs and dairy products，还排除了animal products ，故答案为A。4. According to the passage, the author would probably think that _. A. all the people should become vegetariansB. teens should be careful to be vegetariansC. vegetarianism is not a good thing for the worldD. vegetarianism can make a country develop faster答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由最后一段可知，素食有可能导致营养不良，特别是青少年处于生长发育，饮食要有足够的营养，如果青少年对素食感兴趣，应该咨询营养学家，因此作者认为青少年应该对变成素食主义者非常小心，故答案为B。