2022年新教材高考英语一轮复习 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS训练（含解析）新人教版必修第一册.doc

1、UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERSA卷小题夯基练.语境填词1After the two unexpected explosions, at least 30 people were buried(埋) in the ruins and 80 were seriously injured.2The problems faced by the less developed countries would be more severe for lack of medical supplies(补给品) and treatment.3The government has declared

2、 a state of emergency and has appealed to the public to stay calm(镇静的), waiting for further information.4In the long term, UV radiation from the sun can damage(破坏) the DNA in cells, which can be repaired, though. 5Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, which can shelter(保护) you from the out

3、side disturbance or unpleasant happenings.6Word came that an earthquake struck(侵袭) the region and we were instructed to make good use of the first 72 hours, the critical rescue time period.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1(2020全国卷)It sounds crazy to talk about guiltfree furunless you understand that the nu

4、tria are destroying (destroy) vast wetlands every year.2(2020浙江卷7月)The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue, Washington, generally dont flash the same length(long) of green twice in a row, especially at rush hour.3(2020江苏卷)The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest

5、 health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip(skip) eating first.4(江苏卷)Few want to live without search engine or a quick delivery(deliver)5A large number of soldiers were sent there to rescue (rescue) those trapped in the buildings.6Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived(

6、survive)7Burying(bury) his face in his hands, he tried to control his weeping.8This is one of the worst natural disasters(disaster) ever to hit the area.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词)1She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition.2He turned off only to find he was trapped in a town square with no

7、 easy exit.3Too much drinking will do damage to your health. You should take the doctors advice.4The restrictions have long made_it a bother to use credit cards in this country.5Since his wife left，he has buried himself in his work.选词填空in ruins, suffer from, sweep away, in shock, as if, on hand, out

8、 of breath1Only if we calm down and have a clear mind will we be able to make the most of the tools on hand and save ourselves.2After climbing that long flight of stairs, she was completely out of breath. 3The project intends to build a more inclusive and diverse society for those who not only suffe

9、r from virus, but also face discrimination.4Critically examine your work as if you were looking at someone elses efforts.5Scientists found evidence that in the depths of the sea, an ancient city lay in ruins for thousands of years, waiting to be explored.完成句子/一句多译1(全国卷)我不能和你一起去书店，因为我身体太虚弱了，以至于无法走出卧室

10、。The reason why I cant go to the bookstore with you is that Im too weak to walk out of my bedroom.2全球变暖正在对世界上数百种动植物物种产生巨大影响。(effect n)Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.3我突然意识到我们可能做了错误的决定。 (strike v)It struck me that we might have made th

11、e wrong decision.4由于埋头于功课，他对外面的事情一无所知。As he was buried in his lessons，he knew nothing about the outside world.(as引导原因状语从句)Buried in his lessons，he knew nothing about the outside world.(过去分词短语作状语)B卷大题提能练.阅读理解ANorthern Sumatra, Indonesia Magnitude (震级)8.6, DateMarch 28, 2005An earthquake happened at S

12、umatra Islands in the touristy month of March. Being an island area, the earthquake gave rise to a tsunami (海啸) wave and spread to areas as far as Sri Lanka. The number of deaths is about 1，500, with more than 400 people getting injured. Rat Islands, Alaska Magnitude8.7, DateApril 2, 1965This earthq

13、uake only happened inside water and all the losses were because of the tsunami waves caused by it. The quake gave rise to a huge tsunami causing a loss of thousands of dollars. The good news in this quake was that no human loss or injuries were reported in these islands. Bio Bio, Chile Magnitude8.8,

14、 DateFebruary 27, 2010This quake happened to take the lives of more than 500 people. The tsunami caused by this quake added to the effects by forcing hundreds of thousands of people to leave their home, of which about 50 are still missing. The number of injured people reached a level of 12，000, thus

15、 making one of the worst earthquakes of the human history. Sumatra, Indonesia Magnitude9.1, DateDecember 26, 2004Having its name twice in the list, it is clear that Sumatra comes in the area that is most prone (易于的)to earthquakes. Just 3 months before the earthquake of 8.6 magnitude, this quake caus

16、ed much more loss of life and wealth than the later one！The earthquake gave rise to a huge tsunami killing about 300 thousand people all around the countries of South Africa and South Asia. 【解题导语】文章介绍了历史上发生的几次大地震及其造成的损失。1The earthquake during which nobody was injured happened in _.A2005 B1965C2010 D

17、2004B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The good news in this quake was that no human loss or injuries were reported in these islands.”可知， 没有人员伤亡的地震发生在1965年。2Which area is most likely to be hit by an earthquake? ASumatra. BRat Islands. CBio Bio. DSouth Asia. A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“it is clear that Sumatra comes in the ar

18、ea that is most prone (易于的) to earthquakes”可知，苏门答腊岛是最容易发生地震的地区。3Where did one of the worst earthquakes of the human history happened? ARat Islands. BBio Bio. CSouth Asia. DSumatra. B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The number of injured people reached a level of 12，000, thus making one of the worst earthquakes of t

19、he human history.”可知， 史上危害最严重的地震之一发生在比奥比奥。B(2021山东章丘模拟)This month, when earthquakes rocked Southern California on backtoback days, it was a shocking reminder that we may one day experience the “Big One”， a quake with the power to kill and destroy.However, a few people saw something else: a photo opp

20、ortunity.Tourists flocked to a large crack in a highway to see evidence of the damage for themselves and, of course, take a quick selfie (自拍)It was only the latest example of how our modern love of sharing photos we take of ourselves in notable situations is colliding with nature and the world, ofte

21、n in confusing and even dangerous ways.In Canada, a sunflower farm barred visitors last year after selfieseekers destroyed flowers and left the land looking like a zombie apocalypse(僵尸启示录)In Spain, a man was gored in the neck last weekend while trying to take a video selfie at the annual running of

22、the bulls in Pamplona.The selfie phenomenon entered the mainstream after Apple and other phonemakers added frontfacing cameras starting in 2010, the same year Instagram and other photosharing apps were becoming popular.From 2011 to 2017, more than 250 people died while taking selfies, according to a

23、 study by researchers in India, which had by far the highest number of such deaths, followed by Russia and the United States.Many died after drowning, falling or being attacked by an animal.Most were under the age of 30.Its easy to be uncomfortable with selfies and even mock them, especially when th

24、eyre risky or in bad taste.But some researchers have explored different questions: Why do we take selfies? Can they ever be a healthy form of expression? Can selfies be used for good?【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章用南加州地震后人们蜂拥去目睹高速公路上的裂缝还快速自拍的例子引出话题：很多现代人热爱自拍，并且会在重要场合分享照片，而且往往是以令人困惑甚至危险的方式。4Why does the author m

25、ention the earthquake happened in Southern California?ATo show how severe the earthquake is.BTo warn the readers of the dangers in the earthquake.CTo introduce the risky behavior of the crazy selfie takers.DTo show how scared people are when earthquakes happened.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“It was only the lates

26、t example.dangerous ways.(这只是一个最新的例子，说明我们在重要场合分享照片的现代爱好是如何与自然和世界发生冲突的，而且往往是以令人困惑甚至危险的方式。)”可推知，作者提到发生在南加州的地震是为了介绍疯狂自拍者的冒险行为。故选C。5The sunflower farm in Canada barred visitors, because_Athere are too many visitorsBthe farm used to be devastated by selfie seekersCthe sunflowers are supposed to be well p

27、rotectedDthe farm owner did not want others to enjoy the beautiful sunflowersB解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In Canada, a sunflower farm.a zombie apocalypse(僵尸启示录)(去年，在加拿大，一家向日葵农场禁止游客前来参观，原因是寻求自拍的人破坏了花朵，让这片土地看起来像僵尸启示录来袭过。)”可知，加拿大的向日葵农场禁止游客进入，是因为该农场曾被自拍爱好者破坏。故选B。6What is the right order of the following countries

28、according to the number of selfie deaths?Athe US, India, Russia.BRussia, the US, India.CIndia, Russia, the US.DIndia, the US, Russia.C解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“From 2011 to 2017, more than.the United States.(根据印度研究人员的一项研究，从2011年到2017年，超过250人在自拍时死亡。印度是自拍死亡人数最多的国家，其次是俄罗斯和美国。)”可知，按照顺序，自拍死亡人数最多的国家分别是印度、俄罗斯、美国。故选

29、C。7How did the author feel about selfies?APositive. BNegative.CAmbiguous. DUncaring.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容中可知，人们很容易对自拍感到不舒服，甚至嘲笑它们，尤其是当它们很危险或品味很差的时候。但一些研究人员探索了不同的问题：我们为什么要自拍？它们能成为一种健康的表达形式吗？自拍能有好的用途吗？由此可推知，作者对自拍的态度是消极的。故选B。C(2021重庆八中高三月考)I was 11 years old when I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010.

30、We were in the economic decline. She said a polite “no”That didnt stop me. I googled the measurements for a keyboard, drew the keys on a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk. I would click notes on an online keyboard and “play” them back on my paper onekeeping the sound they made on the computer i

31、n my head. I spent six months playing without touching a real piano. Once my mom saw that I was serious, she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.I still remember the first one. I was struck by how real the sound of the piano was. I sat my grade one after eight lessons. Once I started secondary s

32、chool, we couldnt afford lessons again. I passed grade three, then grade five, practicing only on my piece of paper.One evening, when I was about 13, my mom said she had a surprise for meit was an electronic keyboard, bought with more borrowed money. It was the first time Id played for her. She was

33、in shock.My school didnt offer music Alevel. I found the Purcell School for young musicians. But I had to pass a difficult test. Some of the questions involved an evaluation of the composer or when some piece was written. I felt overwhelmed. To my amazement, I was offered a place.At Purcell, I spent

34、 two years working as hard as I could. I performed to raise money and saved enough to buy my first piano.When I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior piano prize and senior academic music prize. I am now at the Guildhall School in London. I feel proud: its been over 10 years since I drew my paper p

35、iano, and Im at one of the worlds leading music schools.The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the pianowhat we call mental practice. The paper piano helped arouse my curiosity about how music works, the building blocks that form the pieces.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候就酷爱钢琴，但是因为家里

36、供不起他学钢琴，作者便通过自己画钢琴格练习，后自学成才，最终进入了理想音乐学府。这篇文章告诉我们，如果有梦想，一定要坚持下去。8Why did the authors mom buy him lessons at last?AShe was shocked by his first performance.BShe had no doubt of his talent for piano.CShe realized he meant what he said.DShe suddenly made a fortune.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Once my mom saw that

37、I was serious, she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.(有次我妈妈发现我是认真的，她就借钱给我买了10节课)”可知，妈妈是看到作者真的想要学习，不只是玩玩而已，因此被打动了，所以给他买了10节课。故选C。9Which of the following can best describe the author?AHonest. BDetermined.CHumorous. DOptimistic.B解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，作者从小喜欢钢琴，在没有真正的钢琴、付不起钢琴课程的情况下，他自己在纸键盘上练习，最后成功进入了世界

38、顶级的音乐学校。因此，他是一个意志坚定的人。故选B。10The underlined word “irony” in the last paragraph shows that the author felt_Asurprised BproudCsatisfied DdisappointedA解析：词义猜测题。根据句中的“I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the pianowhat we call mental practice(我的很多练习都是脱离钢琴而进行的，这就是我们所说的心理练习)”可知，奇异可笑的是，作者仍然在没有实物钢琴

39、的情况下进行练习，也就是靠心理练习，这应该是作者意料之外的。故选A。11Whats the authors main purpose of writing this article?ATo introduce the method of mental practice.BTo share how he convinced his mom to buy a piano.CTo describe how costly it is to learn an instrument.DTo encourage people to stick to their dreams.D解析：写作意图题。根据文章内容

40、可知，作者在家庭经济不佳的情况下，在纸钢琴上进行练习，最后成功进入了世界顶级音乐学校。文章是想要告诉大家，如果我们有梦想，一定要坚持下去，才会有成功的希望。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是鼓励人们坚持自己的梦想。故选D。.七选五(2021广州高三调研)Learning to understand spoken English can be difficult.Learners must not only master new phrases, but also learn conversational idioms.Thats a lot to learn! But they may s

41、oon realize there is something else going on.1._These different styles of speaking are called “registers”In their work，language experts identify three major factors that affect the register of spoken English：the place of the conversation, the relationship between the speakers, and the purpose of the

42、 conversation.2_Even two best friends who work and live together may speak more formally to each other in the office.At home, one might say, “Cmon, I wanna leave.” The same person at work might say, “Are you ready to go now？” The relationship between the speakers also affects the language they use w

43、hen talking with each other.People speak less formally to friends and more formally to strangers.3._People who know each other well might use more idioms and more slang in their speech.An angry woman might tell her daughter to “hush your mouth” and her sister to “quiet down”Finally, the purpose of t

44、he conversation affects peoples speech.A person who wants to ease hurt feelings uses a soft，quiet tone.4._Few speakers realize that they change registers according to these factors. 5._ We are not aware that we make these changes.We accept the changeability of the weather, but we often refuse to acc

45、ept the changeability of speech.AIn fact, most people strongly deny it.BPeople generally speak less at work than they do at home.CThe very same person speaks differently in different situations.DTherefore，we should be careful not to hurt each other with our speech.EOn the other hand, a person who wa

46、nts to pick a fight speaks rapidly and loudly.FThe place where the conversation takes place directly affects the language of the conversation.GBecause they already share information and experience with friends, they do not need to explain as much.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。语言专家发现，影响英语口语语体风格的三个主要因素是：谈话的地点、说话者之间的

47、关系以及谈话的目的。1C解析：空后一句“These different styles of speaking are called registers”与C项中的“speaks differently in different situations”相呼应，说明同一个人在不同的情况下说话风格不同，故选C项。2F解析：根据空后一句“Even two best friends who work and live together may speak more formally to each other in the office.”可知，即使是一起工作和生活的两个最好的朋友，他们在办公室里交谈的

48、方式也可能更正式；并结合该段所举的例子和第一段最后一句可知，本段应是讲述影响英语口语语体风格的因素之一谈话的地点，故F项与此处匹配。3G解析：根据空前一句“People speak less formally to friends and more formally to strangers.”可知，人们对朋友说话不太正式，而对陌生人说话则比较正式。据此可推知，空处应是解释其原因，即因为他们已经和朋友分享了信息和经历，所以他们不需要解释太多。故G项正确。4E解析：根据空前两句可知，谈话的目的会影响人们说话的方式。一个人想要缓解受伤的情感，就会使用轻柔的语调。据此可推知，空处与此相对，说明想找麻烦的人说话语速快且声音大，故E项正确。5A解析：根据最后一段中的“Few speakers realize”“refuse to accept”可知，A项“事实上，大部分人强烈地否认它(说话风格的改变)”符合语境。