2022年高中英语 Unit 1 Teenage life 核心考点 新人教版必修第一册.doc

1、Unit1 Teenage life核心考点【重点单词】1debate n. 辩论；争论vt.& vi. 辩论；争论(教材P12)归纳拓展(1)debate (with sb.) about/on/over sth. (与某人)辩论/讨论某事(2)under debate 在讨论中；在辩论中After years of heated debate,_gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park.经过多年的激烈辩论，灰狼重新回到黄石国家公园。We debated_with_them_on the question till

2、late into the night.我们就这个问题和他们辩论到深夜。As far as I know, the proposal is still under_debate.据我所知，这一提议还在讨论中。The whole class will debate whether the mobile phones should be banned at school. 整个班级将讨论是否应该禁止在学校使用手机。2prefer v. 较喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)(教材P12)归纳拓展(1)prefer to do/doing . 更喜欢做prefer sb. to do . 更喜欢让某

3、人做prefer sth./doing . to sth./doing . 与相比更喜欢(2)preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物 have a preference for . 偏爱Next time I prefer_to_stay at home and study! 下次我更喜欢待在家里学习！Nowadays many children prefer_surfing the Internet at home to_taking exercise outdoors.如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网，也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。A teacher should not have_a

4、_preference_for any one of his pupils.教师不应偏爱任何一个学生。3suitable adj. 合适的；适用的(教材P12)归纳拓展suitable for (doing) 对(做某事)适合的suit v. 适合于，适宜suit sb. 适合某人suit sth. to sth./sb. 使适合(或适应)某事物(或人)I cant find suitable words to express what I mean. 我找不到贴切的词来表达我的意思。This programme is not suitable_for children.这个节目儿童不宜。He

5、 can suit his conversation to whoever hes with.无论跟谁说话，他都能说到一块儿。易混辨析：suitable/fitsuitable指对于某个人、某种情况或某一目的而言具备合适特性的，常后接介词for或动词不定式fit指在质量、素质、技能等方面适合做某事的，常后接介词for或动词不定式That wine is not fit_to drink.那种葡萄酒不宜饮用。She had no other dress suitable_to wear for the party.她没有其他适合在聚会上穿的裙子。4actually adv. 事实上；的确(教材P

6、13)归纳拓展actual adj. 实际的；真实的actuality n. 实际情况；真实情况in actuality 实际上Were not American, actually,_were Canadian.实际上我们不是美国人，我们是加拿大人。I dont want to boast, but I can actually speak six languages. 不是我吹嘘，我确实能讲六种语言。Im not joking. It is his actual age. He may look 35, but hes actually 55. In_actuality,_he is th

7、e grandfather of a 3yearold boy.我不是开玩笑。这是他的实际年龄。他看上去35岁，但实际上他55岁。实际上，他是一个3岁男孩的祖父。5challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务vt. 怀疑；向挑战(教材P14)归纳拓展(1)challenge sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战某事(2)face a challenge 面临挑战meet/take up a challenge 迎接挑战(3)challenging adj. 挑战性的Its more likely that none of us star

8、t a conversation because its awkward and challenging,_or we think its annoying and unnecessary.更可能的是，我们中的任何一个人都没有开始一次谈话，因为这很尴尬和具有挑战性，或者我们认为这是烦人和不必要的。Mike challenged me to (play) another tennis game.迈克向我挑战再打一场网球比赛。His new findings challenged_him_to_rethink the skills he was using.他的新发现激励他重新思考他所使用的技巧。

9、 Mary now faces_the_biggest_challenge of her career.玛丽现在正面临她事业上最大的挑战。6confuse vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑；混淆(教材P14)归纳拓展(1)confuse A with/and B 将A和B混淆(2)confusing adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的confused adj. 糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的，难懂的be/get confused 被弄糊涂(3)confusion n. 混乱；困惑confusion about/over/as to 关于的困惑，不确定in confusion 困窘；尴尬Confused,_

10、I simply based my decision on the ratings.我很困惑，我只是根据评分来决定。The instructions on the box are very confusing.盒子上的使用说明令人费解。His writing is so confused that its difficult to make out what he is trying to express.他的作文如此难懂，以至于很难弄清楚他到底想表达什么。I cant see how anyone could confuse_you_with another person!我不明白怎么会有人

11、把你和另外一个人搞混！7fluent adj. (尤指外语)流利的；熟练的(教材P14)归纳拓展(1)be fluent in . 讲一口流利的(2)fluently adv. 流利地；熟练地I can speak fluent Mandarin and Cantonese as well as some English. 我能说流利的普通话和广东话，也能说一些英语。She was_fluent_in German, French and English.她的德语、法语和英语都很流利。To my surprise, he spoke Arabic fluently.让我惊讶的是，他的阿拉伯语说

12、得很流利。8graduate vi.& vt. 毕业；获得学位n. 毕业生(教材P14)归纳拓展(1)graduate from 从毕业graduate in 毕业于(专业)(2)graduation n. 毕业after graduation from . 从毕业之后Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this job was no game for him; he meant business.莫里斯阿什利是个善良聪明的人，以前是从这里毕业的，现在又回来教书了，这份工作对他

13、来说不是游戏，而是一种责任。He graduated_from York with a degree in Psychology.他毕业于约克大学，获心理学学士学位。Only thirty students graduated_in Chinese last year.去年只有三十名学生获得汉语学士学位。After he graduated from high school, Herriot made up his mind to be a vet, especially for dogs. After his graduation_from high school, Herriot made

14、 up his mind to be a vet, especially for dogs. 高中毕业后，赫里奥特决定做一名兽医，尤其是为狗治病。9recommend vt. 推荐；建议；介绍；劝告(教材P14)归纳拓展(1)recommend doing sth. 建议做某事recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事recommend sth. to sb. 把某物推荐给某人recommend sb. as . 推荐某人为recommendthat . 建议从句中的谓语动词用(should)动词原形(2)recommendation n. 推荐；介绍信He recomm

15、ends_wearing safety equipment while inspecting the construction site.他建议视察建筑工地时要佩戴安全装备。I recommend_you_that you (should) think very carefully before you do anything foolish.I recommend_you_to_think very carefully before you do anything foolish.我建议你三思，以防做出任何蠢事。He recommended_me_as monitor in our clas

16、s. 他推荐我做我们班的班长。10advance n. 进步，进展v. 前进；促进；提前adj. 提前的，预先的(教材P14)归纳拓展(1)make an advance/advances in 在某方面有进步/发展(2)in advance(ahead of time) 提前in advance of 比进步；在之前(3)advanced adj. 高级的；进步的；先进的This will further advance the friendly relations between the two countries.这将进一步促进两国的友好关系。We have_made_great_adv

17、ances_in developing our shipbuilding industry.我们在发展造船工业方面有了很大的进步。I would like to warn you in_advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.我想提前提醒你，如果你在这里吸烟，你就会被罚款。If you arent nervous about the coming exam, you are sure to be far in_advance_of your class.如果你对即将到来的考试不紧张，你一定会在班上遥遥领先的。Having shown

18、 you around our school, I will introduce our most advanced science lab to you.领着您参观我们学校后，我将向您介绍我校最先进的科学实验室。11extracurricular adj. 课外的；课程以外的(教材P14)归纳拓展extracurricular 课程以外的extra 超过；以外curricular 课程的课程以外的extraordinary adj. 格外的extra 超过；以外ordinary 普通的超出普通格外的extraspecial adj. 非常特别的extra 超过；以外special 特别的非常

19、特别的extraofficial adj. 职权以外的extra 超过；以外official 职权的职权以外的extrasolar adj. 太阳系以外的extra 超过；以外solar 太阳的太阳系以外的I dont have the time for any more extracurricular activities. 我没有时间从事更多的课外活动了。Read more books, which can add some extracurricular knowledge.多读书，可以让你多增加一些课外知识。12obviously adv. 明显地，显而易见地(教材P14)归纳拓展ob

20、vious adj. 明显的，显而易见的be obvious to sb. 对某人来说显而易见 It is obvious (to sb.) that . (对某人来说)很明显Obviously,_hes fallen in love with the girl.显而易见，他爱上了这个女孩。The disadvantages are_obvious_to us. 这些不利条件对我们而言是显而易见的。It_was_quite_obvious_to_her_that she was not optimistic about her future.很显然她对她的前途不乐观。13responsible

21、 adj. 有责任的，应负责任的(教材P14)归纳拓展(1)be responsible for 应对负责，对有责任be responsible to sb. 对某人负责(2)responsibility n. 责任，责任心take responsibility for 承担对的责任，为负责a sense of responsibility 责任感have responsibility for 对有责任，对负责Hes a very responsible sort of person.他是个非常有责任心的人。I am_responsible_for the matter. None of ot

22、hers business. 这件事由我负责，跟旁人不相干。The government will_be_responsible_to the President alone. 政府只对总统一人负责。We need to take_responsibility_for our own health.我们必须对自己的健康负责。The Act provides that only the parents of a child have_responsibility_for the childs financial support. 法令规定只有孩子的父母才有责任为孩子提供经济支持。14expert

23、 n. 专家；行家adj. 熟练的；内行的；专家的(教材P17)归纳拓展an expert on/in/at . 某方面的专家be expert in/at 在某方面擅长I suggest you leave it to an expert.我建议你把它留给专家来解决。There is a great deal to learn from Hals expert approach. 从哈尔熟练的方法中可以学到很多。He is an expert_on modern literature.他是现代文学研究专家。Shes expert_at_making cheap but stylish clo

24、thes.她擅长做便宜但雅致的服装。15youth n. 青年时期；青春(教材P17)归纳拓展in ones youth 在某人青年时期the youth (统称)青年，年轻人In_my_youth my ambition was to be an inventor.我年轻时的抱负是成为一个发明家。He represents the opinions of the_youth of today.他代表着当今年轻人的看法。易混辨析：youth/teenager/adolescentyouth现在几乎专指年轻的男性，尤用于报纸上，常含贬义。但作为集合名词时，男女青年皆可指，且无贬义teenager

25、主要指13至19岁之间的青少年，强调该年龄段群体的自身特点adolescent与teenager基本同义，但更加正式，强调尚不成熟Their band is made up of three cool teenagers.他们的乐队由3个帅气的少年组成。Man is still only adolescent.人类还只是处于青少年时期。16attract vt. 吸引；引起的注意(或兴趣)(教材P18)归纳拓展(1)attract ones attention/interest 吸引某人的注意/兴趣attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事be attracted to sb.

26、喜爱某人，为某人所吸引(2)attraction n. 吸引力；诱惑力；有吸引力的地方；有吸引力的事物(3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；引人入胜的The exhibition, to be held in the City Hall of Xian, lasts for seven days from June 6th to 12th, which will attract a large number of visitors at home and abroad.从6月6日到12日持续七天的展览将在西安市政大厅举办，这将吸引来自国内外的大量游客。Recently, the T

27、V program ABiteofChinahas_attracted_much_attention.近来，电视节目舌尖上的中国吸引了很多人的注意力。He was nicelooking, but I wasnt_deeply_attracted_to him.他长得很帅，可我对他不是很有感觉。Whats the attraction of your going on the stage? 是什么吸引你登上舞台的？PortLouis is an attractive little fishing port. 路易港是个漂亮的小渔港。17focus vi.& vt. 集中(精力、注意力等)；(使

28、)调节焦距n. 中心；重点；焦点(教材P18)归纳拓展(1)focus . on/upon . 把集中于(2)in focus 焦点对准的；清晰的out of focus 焦点未对准的；不清晰的 (3)focused adj. 注意力集中的(2016全国卷)Most of us are more focused_on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.我们大多数人早晨要比一天中晚些时候更专注于我们的任务。He is always the focus of everyones attention. 他始终是大家关注的中心。

29、易混辨析：concentrate/focusfocus侧重指把光、热、射线等集中于一点，也可指把思想或精力等集中于某人或某事情上focus v. 集中；n. 焦点concentrate指把人或物集中在一起，也可指把精力或注意力集中于某一事物上concentrate v. 集中n. 浓缩物You should concentrate_on the road when you are driving.你在开车时注意力应集中在路上。The noise made it hard for me to focus_on work.噪音让我无法集中注意力工作。名师点津put ones heart intof

30、ix ones mind on 集中精力于pay ones attention to 专心于，注意be absorbed in 集中精力于apply oneself to doing sth. 专心做某事devote oneself to . 致力于18addicted adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的addict n. 对入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人(教材P18)归纳拓展(1)be/become/get addicted to 对上瘾，沉溺于(to是介词)(2)addict vt. 使沉溺，沉溺于addict oneself to 沉溺于(3)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的，使入迷的As

31、 far as Im concerned, its not wise for us to be_addicted_to playing with smart phones because we may ignore other important things in life.就我个人而言，迷恋于玩智能手机是不明智的，因为我们有可能忽视生活中其他重要的事情。Her son addicted_himself_to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health.她的儿子吸烟上瘾，这对他的健康有很坏的影响。She is a TV addict and w

32、atches as much as she can.她是个电视迷，看起电视来没完没了。Betting can be as addictive as drinking or smoking. 赌博像酗酒和抽烟一样会上瘾。【重点短语】1clean up 打扫(或清除)干净(教材P12)归纳拓展(1)clean up after 跟在后面收拾clean out 把打扫干净(2)clean adj. 干净的Give me a hand and clean_up this room, please.请帮我打扫一下这间房子。Mr Wall asked if I would help him clean_o

33、ut the bins.沃尔先生问我能不能帮他把各个箱子彻底清理一遍。She used to mess up the floor and I had to clean_up_after her. 她过去常常把地板弄得很脏乱，而我不得不为她清理干净。It is your responsibility to keep the room clean and tidy.保持房间整洁是你的职责。【重点语句】1I think you should choose what_you_like.我认为你应该选择你喜欢的。(教材P13)归纳拓展what(什么)是连接代词，引导名词性从句；what本身在从句中做主语

34、、宾语或定语。Show me what_you_have_bought.(宾语从句)把你买的东西给我看看。What_Hu_Ge_offers_his_fans is honesty and happiness.(主语从句)胡歌展示给他的粉丝的是诚实和快乐。The answer is not what_you_might_think.(表语从句)答案不是你可以想到的。 2Ill find a way to improve on my own so_that I can make the team next year.我会努力提高自己的足球水平，这样明年我就可以加入球队了。(教材P14)归纳拓展s

35、o that 这样，因此；为了，以便(1)结果(引导结果状语从句)(2)以便于(引导目的状语从句)，相当于in order that，此时从句中常含有情态动词can, could, may等。We planted many flowers, so_that the garden soon looked beautiful.我们种了很多花，因此花园很快就看起来很漂亮。I worked very hard so_that I could pass the exams.我学习很用功，以便能考试及格。3The building is so big that Im completely lost.这座大

36、楼太大了，我完全迷路了。(教材P16)归纳拓展(1)so . that . 句型的常见形式：soadj./adv.that . soadj.a/ann. that . somany/much/few/littlen. that . (2)such . that . 句型的常见形式：sucha/anadj.n. (单数)that . suchadj.n.(复数或不可数)that . (3)当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。The subway is so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit. 地铁里是如此拥挤以致我找不到地方坐。He

37、has made such_a_good_effort in his spare time that his English has improved a lot.他在业余时间做了很大的努力，英语有了很大的提高。So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。4I recommend that you talk to your friend about his behaviour. 我建议你和你的朋友聊聊他的行为举止。(教材P18)归纳拓展(1)behave vt.&vi. 举动；(举止或行为)表

38、现behave well/badly to/towards . 对态度好/差behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体(2)wellbehaved adj. 表现好的badlybehaved adj. 表现差的(3)behaviour n. 行为；举止His behaviour towards his father was becoming worse and worse.他对父亲的行为越来越恶劣。Its not right for you to behave_badly_to the customers.你对顾客不好是不对的。I do not want to be a socalled

39、wellbehaved child. 我并不想做那些所谓的乖孩子。5But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes_it_very_difficult_to_focus_on_other_things_in_life.但是花费太多时间上网有害健康，并且很难集中精力于生活中的其他事情。(教材P18)剖析make在此用作使役动词，其宾语是名词或代词，宾语补足语用名词、形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等。归纳拓展“make宾语宾补”结构(1)当宾语是不定式(的复合结构)或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语后置，构成“make

40、 itn./adj. to do sth./that .”结构。(2)make名词/代词名词，表示“使某人/某物成为”，如果宾补是表示独一无二的职位或头衔的名词，其前不用冠词。(3)make名词/代词形容词，表示“使某人/某物”。(4)make名词/代词省略to的不定式，表示“使某人某物做某事”。注意：该结构用于被动语态时，被省略的不定式符号to要还原。(5)make名词/代词过去分词，表示“使某人/某物被”。构成过去分词的动词与宾语(名词/代词)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。We made_him_captain of our team.我们让他当队长。She has won the game,

41、which made_her_parents_proud.她赢得了比赛，这让她的父母感到骄傲。What he said made_all_of_us_laugh.All of us were_made_to_laugh by what he said.(被动语态)他的话让我们都大笑起来。She couldnt make_herself_heard above the noise of the traffic.车辆噪音很大，人们无法听到她的声音。The man made_it_clear_that he wouldnt accept the task.这个人说得很清楚，他不会接受这个任务。【单元

42、语法-常见结构短语】(一)名词短语中修饰名词的有：形容词、数词、代词、名词、分词、介词短语、不定式或副词1形容词修饰名词The_little_boy needs a_blue_pen.小男孩需要一支蓝色的钢笔。2数词修饰名词相当于形容词There are two_boys in the room.房间里有两个男孩。3代词或名词所有格修饰名词His_name is Tom.他的名字是汤姆。There are two_boys_of_Toms there.那儿有汤姆家的两个男孩。4介词短语修饰名词The_boy_in_blue is Tom.穿蓝色衣服的孩子是汤姆。5名词修饰名词There is

43、only one ball pen in the_pencil_box.这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。6副词修饰名词The_best_boy_here is Tom.这里最棒的男孩是汤姆。7不定式修饰名词The_boy_to_write_this_letter needs a pen.写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。8分词(短语)修饰名词The_smiling_boy needs a_pen_bought_by_his_mother.那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。(二)名词短语中修饰名词的词或短语其位置一般有两种：用在名词之前的叫前置定语，用在名词之后的叫后置定语1定语前置在英语里，一般定语前

44、置时的次序为：限定词、形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语，但当几个形容词同时出现在名词短语之前，应注意其次序，其形容词遵循的次序为：限观形龄色国材，其指：限定词(一般指数量)；外观(美丽等)；形状(大小，高矮，肥瘦)；年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途。如：an_interesting_little_red_French_oil painting 一幅小的有趣的法国红色油画2定语后置(1)短语作定语一般在名词之后He gave me a basket full_of_eggs. 他给我一个装满鸡蛋的篮子。(2)副词作定语一般在名词之后The_people_here are very friendly.

45、 这里的人很友好。1形容词短语，通常是副词修饰形容词，副词修饰形容词主要见于表示程度。如：I was rather_angry at what he said。我对他说的话相当生气。Mary and Jane are quite_different. 玛丽与简大不一样。The music is too_loud;_please turn it down. 这音乐太吵人了，请把音量关小一点。Its difficult_enough,_but it could have been worse. 这事情够困难的了，本来可能会更糟呢。Lets go shopping now. The shops sh

46、ould be fairly_empty. 我们去商店买东西吧。商店里人不会太多。2副词修饰形容词，有时也表示方面或方式等。如：I am economically_independent. 我在经济方面是独立的。The book is historically_inaccurate. 这本书从历史上说不准确。副词短语，通常是副词修饰副词，主要见于表示程度。此时，起修饰作用的副词常见的有almost, fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, nearly, half, highly, awfully, deeply, partly, perfectly, really 等。如：He was back quite_quickly. 他很快就回来了。They thought very_highly of him. 他们对他评价很高。I think you have done your work very_finely. 我认为你工作干得不错。He spoke too_quickly for me to understand. 他说得太快了，我听不懂。Having lived there for two years, he knew the place quite_well. 他在那里住过两年，对这地方很熟悉。