2022年高考英语 考点专项突破09 非谓语动词（含解析）.doc

1、非谓语动词一、基础达标训练1The library is believed _ (build) in the late Qing Dynasty. 【答案】to have been built【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为这家图书馆建于清朝末年。此处为短语be believed to do sth.，且build动作已经完成时，与library构成被动关系，故用to have been done形式。故填to have been built。2Since the concept introduced in the session is complex, students are giv

2、en some time _(digest) it. 【答案】to digest【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为课程中介绍的概念很复杂，学生需要一些时间来消化它。结合句意表示“给某人时间做某事”可知短语为be given time to do sth.。故填to digest。3Its easy for you to _ (attack) when you are in red in front of a bull（公牛）【答案】be attacked【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你在斗牛前穿红色衣服时很容易受到攻击。句中you 和attack之间是被动关系，根据空前的to可知，应用动词不

3、定式的被动形式。根据句意，故填 be attacked。4His plan is _ (buy) new computer for his son as a reward for his good behavior at school. 【答案】to buy【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他的计划是给他儿子买一台新电脑，作为他在学校表现好的奖励。plan后 常用 不定式作表语，解释其具体内容。故填to buy。5_ (see) is to believe. I wont believe It until I see it by myself. 【答案】To see【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：眼

4、见为实。除非亲眼见到，否则我不会相信。句中用不定式作主语，不定式一般表示具体的、特定的行为，通常表示一种意愿、目的或者未完成的事情。根据句意，故填To see。6I think I must watch TV now, Dad. I cant wait _ (know)which team will win the game. 【答案】to know【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：爸爸，我想我现在必须看电视了。我迫不及待地想知道哪个队会赢得比赛。表示“迫不及待做某事”为cant wait to do sth.，所以用不定式作宾语。故填to know。7We opened the window _

5、 (let) the fresh air in. 【答案】to let【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们打开窗户，让新鲜空气进来。句子谓语动词为opened，和空处无and连接，所以空处为非谓语，用不定式表示目的。故填to let。8Whether travelling abroad will do harm to the senior or good remains _ (see).【答案】to be seen【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：出国旅游对老年人是有害还是有益还有待观察。此处为短语remain to do sth.表示“有待做某事”，且与Whether travelling abr

6、oad will do harm to the senior or good构成被动关系，故用to be done形式。故填to be seen。9The clothes that my mother bought yesterday are easy_ (wash)【答案】to wash【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈昨天买的衣服洗起来很容易。分析可知，此处为固定表达：主语+ be+adj.+ to do，其中不定式作主语补足语，主语clothes是wash的逻辑宾语，用主动表被动。故填to wash。10They worked day and night and their healt

7、h began to_ (变差) because of the poor conditions. 【答案】suffer【详解】考查动词。句意：他们日以继夜地工作，由于恶劣的环境，他们的健康开始变差。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词suffer，空前to是不定式符号，应用动词原形。故填suffer。11Faced with so many difficulties, I was at a loss what _(do) next. 【答案】to do【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：面对这么多困难，我不知道下一步该做什么。分析可知，空前短语“at a loss”意为“不知所措；不知（如何最好）”

8、时，可接“疑问词+to do 不定式”，作其宾语。故填to do。12The house _ (build)there next year will be a library. 【答案】to be built【详解】考查to do不定式的被动语态。句意：明年将在那里建造的房子将成为图书馆。空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词，所以应用非谓语。根据next year可知，此处应用to do不定式表将要。动词build意为“建造”，和主语house构成被动关系。所以应用to do不定式的被动语态作后置定语。故填to be built。13Tu Youyou has become the first Chi

9、nese female scientist_ (receive) a Nobel Prize. 【答案】to receive【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语has become，所以此空应用非谓语动词。结合句意，此空是空前名词scientist的定语，且名词前有序数词the first修饰，“科学家”和“获奖”之间是主动关系，所以此空用动词不定式作定语，故填to receive。14The thief managed to avoid _ (recognize) by security guards. 【答案】being r

10、ecognized【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：小偷设法避免被保安认出来。此处为短语avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，且recognize与thief构成被动关系，故应用being done形式。故填being recognized。15After he became conscious, he remembered _ (attack) and hit on the head with a rod.【答案】having been attacked【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在他苏醒后，他记得曾被袭击并用棍棒击中头部。remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，用动

11、名词作宾语，attack与逻辑主语he是被动关系，用动名词的被动式，根据句意，attack动作先于谓语动词remember，用动名词的完成时。故填having been attacked。16Experts suggest _(combine) your theory with practice, which will achieve dramatic results. 【答案】combining【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：专家建议将理论与实践相结合，这将取得显著的效果。suggest doing sth.建议做某事。根据句意，故填combining。17Neighbors devoted

12、their spare time to _ (help) others rebuild.【答案】helping【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：邻居们把业余时间都用来帮助别人重建。短语devote.to.“投入，专用于”中to为介词，其后应接help的动名词形式作宾语。故填helping。18The first step in _ (awake) senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. 【答案】awakening【详解】考查动名词。句意：唤醒感官的第一步是在我们将要看到和感觉到

13、的事情发生之前停止预测。根据“to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs”可知，此处是指唤醒感官，所以应用动词awaken表示“唤醒”。在介词in后应用动名词作宾语。故填awakening。19I appreciate your_ (ring) back to me so timely. 【答案】ringing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：感谢你及时给我回电话。根据appreciate ones doing sth.“感激某人做某事”可知，此处应用ring的动名词形式和空前your构成动名词的复合结

14、构，作动词appreciate的宾语。故填ringing。20Please tell me the after-service of the computer; Im worried about there _ (be) a breakdown sometime. 【答案】being【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：请告诉我这台电脑的售后服务，我担心有一天这台电脑会出故障。分析句子可知，介词about后接动词的ing形式，本句为there be句型，there being作about的宾语，故用being。21Not only do these pyramids have mystic quali

15、ties，but they are truly a site to _ (behold)【答案】be beheld【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些金字塔不仅有神秘的特质，而且是真正值得观赏的景点。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰名词a site，表示“一个值得看的景点”，yi动作还未发生。所以要用不定式，表示未来的动作。因为site和behold看之间是被动关系，“景点被看”，所以应该试图用不定式的被动，结合空白前的to，故填be beheld。22It took her three hours_(repair) her bike. 【答案】to repair【详解】考查动词不定式。句

16、意：她花了三个小时修理她的自行车。分析可知， It takes sb. some time to do sth 花费某人时间做某事，为固定搭配。故填to repair。23He hurried to the airport, only _ (tell) that the plane had taken off. 【答案】to be told【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆忙赶到机场，却被告知飞机已经起飞了。(only) to do.为不定式的特殊用法，常用于表示“出乎意料的结果”。分析句子可知，tell (告知)在句中作非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语He之间有被动关系，结合句意“他匆忙赶到机场，却

17、被告知飞机已经起飞”可知，这是出乎意料的结果。综上，应使用不定式(only) to do的被动形式，表示一种“出乎意料的结果”。故填to be told。24The police are said _(undertake) detailed investigations into the case at present. 【答案】to be undertaking【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说警方目前正在对此案进行详细调查。.be said to do sth.是固定用法，意为“据说做某事”，结合“at present”可知，此处表示动作正在发生，应用动词不定式的进行式。故填to be u

18、ndertaking。25No one is allowed, no matter who he is, _(enter) the room unless he has a permit. 【答案】to enter【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：任何人，无论是谁，除非有许可证，否则不准进入房间。根据固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，可知，此处用动词不定式做主语补足语，故填to enter。26_(sleep) more in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm on purpose. 【答案】To sleep【详解】考查非

19、谓语动词。句意：为了在早上睡得更多，Bob故意关闭闹钟。根据句子结构及句意可知，此处应用不定式，表目的。故填To sleep。27Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy _ (care) for and make great presents. 【答案】to care【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。它们很容易照顾，也是很好的礼物。此处为固定句型：主语+ be+ adj.+ to do，be easy to care for“容易照

20、顾”。根据句意，故填to care。28The aim of the course is _ (help) students to comprehend the structure of contemporary history.【答案】to help【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这门课程的目的是帮助学生理解当代历史的结构。句中用不定式作表语，表示目的。根据句意，故填to help。29The dinner party was a success, but we thought it was a pity not _(invite) you. 【答案】to have invited【详解】考查

21、非谓语动词。句意：宴会很成功，但我们认为没有邀请你是很遗憾的。分析句子结构可知，thought后是省略that引导的宾语从句，从句用到it was a pity to do sth.，其中it是形式主语，空格要用动词不定式作真正的主语，invite和逻辑主语we之间是主动关系，且根据句意，聚会已经结束，“没有邀请”的动作是发生在聚会之前，所以用动词不定式的完成形式，故填to have invited。30After _ (expose) to the strong radiation for a long time, those workers are suffering worse and

22、worse health conditions.【答案】being exposed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：长时间暴露在强辐射下之后，这些工人的健康状况越来越差。介词“after+动名词”相当于after引导的时间状语从句，表示“之后”。分析句子可知，介词after后动词expose(暴露)与其逻辑主语those workers之间是被动关系，所以应使用动名词的被动式。故填being exposed。31 I still remember _ to the park and what I saw there. (take) 【答案】being taken/having been taken

23、【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：我仍然记得被带到公园和我在那里看到的一切。此处讲述发生过的事，所以应用固定搭配remember doing表示“记得做了某事”。动词take意为“带走”，和主语I构成被动关系，所以可用being taken。此处动作发生在谓语动词remember之前，所以也可用完成式having been taken。故填being taken/having been taken。32_(educate) in a famous university is what most students desire for. 【答案】Being educated 【详解】考查非

24、谓语动词。句意：在一所著名的大学接受教育是大多数学生的愿望。分析句子可知，句子缺少主语，空处为句子的主语，所以应用动名词形式作主语，结合句意可知，educate与逻辑主语students之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式being done， 首字母大写。故填Being educated。33The two sides agreed to raise the_(purchase) price.【答案】purchasing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：双方同意提高采购价格。分析句子成分可知，所设空修饰其后的名词price，所以应用动名词作定语，表作用或用途，“the purchasing pr

25、ice”意为“采购价格”，故填purchasing。34Their_(come) to help was a great encouragement to us. 【答案】coming【详解】考查动名词复合结构。句意：他们来帮忙对我们是极大的鼓励。分析句子结构可知，Their_(come) to help作主语，由形容词性物主代词Their可知，此处为动名词复合结构作主语，因此填动词come的动名词形式。故填coming。35The performances given at the opening ceremony of the sports meeting are varied, _ (r

26、ange) from dancing to fashion shows.【答案】ranging【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：运动会开幕典礼的表演节目丰富，有舞蹈表演、时装表演等。分析可知，设空处及之后内容在句中作状语，句中主语The performances和动词range为主谓关系，所以此处要用现在分词。range from.to.，意为“从.到.（不等）”，故填ranging。36Mr. Li, _(convey) his disappointment with our job, marched out of the room in anger. 【答案】having conveyed【详

27、解】考查非谓语动词。句意：李先生表达了他对我们工作的失望，气愤地走出了房间。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语marched，此空应用非谓语动词，convey与逻辑主语Mr. Li是主动关系，且动作convey“表达”发生在谓语动词之前，所以用现在分词的完成形式，故填having conveyed。37The message _ (convey) in this cartoon is apparentactions speak louder than words. 【答案】conveyed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这幅漫画所传达的信息是显而易见的行动胜于语言。分析可知， (convey) in

28、 this cartoon在句中作后置定语修饰名词The message，the message和convey为动宾关系，所以convey要用过去分词。故填conveyed。38Students wondered if the canteen could make spicy hotchpotch on the second floor quicker _(make). 【答案】made【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们想知道二楼的食堂是否可以快点做麻辣烫。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，spicy hotchpotch与make构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填made。39The

29、 teacher entered the hall, _ (follow) by a group of his students. 【答案】followed【详解】考查过去分词。句意：老师走进大厅，后面跟着他的一群学生。空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词，所以应用非谓语。动词follow意为“跟随”，和主语teacher构成被动关系。所以应用过去分词作状语。故填followed。40With his attention _ (fix) on the job at hand, Aziz has no time to relax. 【答案】fixed【详解】考查with独立主格结构和过去分词。句意：由于

30、他的注意力都集中在手头的工作上，阿齐兹没有时间放松。在with独立主格结构中，动词fix和逻辑主语attention构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作状语。故填fixed。二、 能力提升训练1In the past, travellers from Europe to Indonesia _ months at sea, but now we just have to sit on a plane for a few hours, so in some ways the planet seems to _.Ahave spent, get smallerBspent, be get

31、ting smallerChad spent, get smallerDwould spent, be getting small【答案】B【详解】考查一般过去时、非谓语动词和比较级。句意：过去，从欧洲到印度尼西亚的旅行者要在海上度过几个月，但现在我们只需要在飞机上坐上几个小时，所以从某些方面来说，地球似乎越来越小了。根据“In the past”可知，第一个空格应用一般过去时。根据“but now we just have to sit on a plane for a few hours”可知，此处是指现在与过去相比，地球似乎越来越小了。seem to be doing意为“似乎正在做某事

32、”，此处使用to do不定式的进行式表示正在进行。表示“越来越小”应用形容词比较级smaller。故选B。2With a large amount of work _, the CEO couldnt spare time for a holiday.Aremained to be doneBremained being doneCremaining to be doneDremaining to do【答案】C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有大量的工作要做，首席执行官不能抽出时间去度假。这里是with的复合结构，remain是不及物动词，无被动式，用现在分词形式，故排除A、B。do与逻辑主语

33、work之间表示将来被做的工作，故用不定式的被动式，故选C。3Dana is said _ to Guangzhou from Australia last week. She _ there for six months due to the outbreak of Covid-19.Ato return; has stayedBto have returned; stayedChaving returned; stayedDto be returned; has stayed【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。句意：据说达纳上周已经从澳大利亚回到广州了。由于Covid-19的爆发，她在

34、那里待了6个月。is said表示“据说”后接动词不定式，结合句意和时间状语last week可知，“返回广州”发生在is said之前，所以第一空应用动词不定式的完成式to have returned；根据语境及时间状语last week可知，“她在那待了六个月”为过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，动词用过去式stayed，故选B项。4_more about Chinese culture, you are well advised to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.ALearnBLearnedCTo learnDTo be

35、learning【答案】C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了了解更多的中国文化，建议你选择中国传统音乐作为选修课。根据句意，建议你选择中国传统音乐作为选修课的目的是为了了解更多的中国文化，用不定式作目的状语，故选C。5Many parents dont take their kids interests and ages into consideration, only _ “More haste, less speed” their curiosity is being killed.AfindBfindingCfoundDto find【答案】D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多父母没有考

36、虑孩子的兴趣和年龄，结果发现“欲速则不达”他们的好奇心正在被扼杀。only to do作结果状语时，它表示的是一个相反的或出乎意料的结果。故选D。6Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier into small pieces.AbreakBbreakingCbrokenDto break【答案】D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“Tom问糖果制造商能否把巧克力做得更容易扳成小块。”在用easy, difficult, hard, comfortable等形容词构成的复合宾语时，用不定式作状语。to bre

37、ak与the chocolate存在着动宾关系，因此用主动式的不定式，故选D。7Rather than _ the plane all the way, they decided _ to Vancouver.Ataking, flyingBtake, to flyCtake, to flyingDto take, to fly【答案】B【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：他们不想一路乘飞机，而是决定先飞往温哥华。第一空rather than do sth.为固定用法，意为“而不是”；第二空decide to do sth.为固定用法，意为“决定做某事”。故选B。8Newton is co

38、nsidered _ a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history _ magic ended and science began.Ato be; thatBbeing; whichCto be; whereDbeen; when【答案】C【详解】考查固定搭配和定语从句的关系词。句意：牛顿被认为是一位很有天赋的科学家，他处于一个魔术终结科学开启的历史时期，他也有普通人所特有的弱点。短语be considered as/to be“被视作是”，是固定搭配，因此第一个空该填to be；

39、分析句子可知，第二个空所在句是一个限定性定语从句，先行词是the point in history，抽象空间概念，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选C项。9Have you made full preparations for the presentation _ tomorrow afternoon?AdeliveredBwill be deliveredCdeliveringDto be delivered【答案】D【详解】考查to do不定式的被动语态。句意：你为明天下午的演讲做了充分的准备吗？动词deliver和谓语动词之间没有连词，所以应用非谓语形式。根据“tomo

40、rrow afternoon”可知，此处应用to do不定式表将来。动词deliver意为“发表”，和逻辑主语presentation构成被动关系。所以应用to do不定式的被动语态作后置定语修饰presentation。故选D。10We must do something to_ the factories sending out poisonous gases so as to keep the city_.Akeep; being pollutedBkeep; from being pollutedCprevent; from being pollutedDprevent; being

41、polluted【答案】C【详解】考查动词短语和动名词的被动语态。句意：我们必须采取措施防止工厂排放有毒气体，以防止城市被污染。固定短语prevent.from.“阻止，制止”，根据must do something to可知，此处要用动词原形prevent；固定短语keep.from.“防止，阻止”，from后接动名词作宾语，且由the city与pollute之间是被动关系，要用being done形式。故选C项。11Rowan Atkinsons speech problems led to _ throughout his school career.Ahe was bulliedBh

42、im bulliedChim being bulliedDhim bullying【答案】C【详解】考查固定搭配和动名词的被动语态。句意：罗文阿特金森的语言问题导致他在整个学校生涯中都受到欺负。lead to sb doing意为“导致某人做某事”，为固定搭配，此处用动名词的复合结构作宾语。动词bully意为“欺负”，和逻辑主语him构成被动关系。故选C。12People are not allowed_ the garden to prevent the flowers_.Aentering/being destroyedBto enter/to destroyCto enter/being

43、 destroyedDentering/destroying【答案】C【详解】考查动词固定搭配。句意：人们不允许进入花园，以防止鲜花被破坏。固定短语allow sb. to do sth.译为“允许某人做某事”；将结构中的sb.变为主语后成为sb. be allowed to do sth.这一结构，故第一空为不定式to enter作主语补足语。固定短语prevent sth. (from) doing 译为“阻止(以防)某事”，根据句意可知，此处表达“防止鲜花被损坏”，所以用动名词的被动形式来作from的宾语，即第二空为being destroyed。故选C。13The government

44、 has to close those small factories to prevent the water of the river_.ApollutingBfrom pollutingCbeing pollutedDfrom polluted【答案】C【详解】考查动名词被动式。句意：政府关闭一些小工厂阻止河水被污染。分析可知，prevent sb. (from) doing意为阻止某人做某事，the water of the river和pollute是被动关系，所以用being polluted，省略from，故选C。14The film star wears sunglasses.

45、 Therefore, he can go shopping without _.ArecognizingBbeing recognizedChaving recognizedDhaving been recognized【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那位电影明星戴上墨镜。所以，他可以去购物而不被认出来。根据题中的介词without判断，此后应该使用动词的动名词形式，由于他是被人认出的，所以应该用动名词的被动式。故选B。15Mikes never willing to change his mind. Its no use _ with him.Ato argueBarguingCa

46、rguedDhave been argued【答案】B【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：迈克从不愿意改变主意。和他争论是没有用的。固定句型：Its no use doing sth.“做某事没有用”，其中it是形式主语，动名词是句子的真正主语。故选B。16This X-ray machine doesnt work, so it needs _ for further use.Ato repairBrepairingCrepairedDbeing repaired【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这台X光机坏了，因此需要维修才能进一步修理。it指代上文提到的X-ray machine，与r

47、epair是被动关系，need doing sth.“需要做”，need后用动名词作宾语表示被动含义，符合题意，故选B。17_ by Arun with a number of customers, the idea of developing solar-power batteries for people in India would work definitely.ABeing testedBHaving been testedCHaving testedDTo be tested【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过阿伦和一些客户的测试，为印度人开发太阳能电池的想法肯定会成功。分

48、析句子结构可知，“_ by Arun with a number of customers”作状语，应用非谓语，结合句意，“test(测试)”在谓语动作“would work”之前发生，所以应用完成式形式；该词“test”和主语“the idea of developing solar-power batteries for people in India”为被动关系，所以应用被动形式。综上，应用现在分词完成时被动形式作状语，故填Having been tested，故选B。18With the population _ at an alarming rate, experts are ama

49、zed that there are so many people on the planet, and _ that there will be ten billion of us before the end of this century.Ais increasing, predictBincreasing, predictingCincreasing, predictDto be increasing, predicted【答案】C【详解】考查现在分词和一般现在时。句意：随着人口以惊人的速度增长，专家们对地球上的人口如此之多感到惊讶，并预测到本世纪末地球人口将达到100亿。在“with

50、+宾语+宾补”结构中，increase和population构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式。动词predict和谓语are之间有连词and，所以应用谓语形式。根据“experts are amazed”可知，此处应用一般现在时。故选C。19It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some _ over 90 meters.AmeasuredBmeasuringCmeasuresDis measured【答案】B【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：这儿是如此潮湿，以至于树很高，一些高达90米。分析句子可知，so.that引导状语从句

51、，在从句中，the trees are extremely tall是完整的句子，中间没有连词，说明后面是独立主格结构， some是逻辑主语，后面是非谓语动词做状语，measure后面接数词，表示：长，宽，高是多少的时候，measure是不及物动词，用现在分词。故选B。20John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment.Ato washBwashingCwashDto be washing【答案】A【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：作为惩罚，约翰被迫清洗卡车一个星期。使役动词make用在主动语态中，其宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，即make

52、 sb. do sth.（让某人干某事）；而make用在被动语态中，其主语补足语必须用动词不定式（to do），to不可以省略，即sb. be made to do sth.（某人被迫做某事）。故选A项。21She pretended _ me when I passed by.Ahaving not seenBnot seeingCto not seeDnot to see【答案】D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我路过时，他假装没有看见我。pretend后接不定式作宾语，pretend not to do“假装没有做”。故选D。22The professor tried his best

53、to make the students_what he was saying but he found it hard to make himself _.Aunderstand; understand Bunderstand; understoodCunderstood; understood Dunderstood; understand【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：教授努力让学生理解他所说的内容，但是他发现很难让自己被理解。第一空属于固定搭配“make sb. do sth.让某人做某事”；第二空后动词understand与himself构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词unde

54、rstood做宾语补足语，表示“让他自己被理解”。故选B。23The best way _ how to drive a car is to practice with a driving instructor.ALearntBLearningCto learnDto be learnt【答案】C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学开车最好的方法是请驾驶教练练习。way to do sth.做某事的方法。且所修饰名词与不定式之间为主动关系，所以用不定式的主动形式。故选C。24I am very glad _ a chance to improve my English in that famous

55、 university, and I have learnt a lot.Ato giveBto be givenCto have been givenDto be giving【答案】C【详解】考查动词不定式的时态和语态。句意：我很高兴有机会在那所著名的大学提高我的英语，我学到了很多。A. to give不定式一般式；B. to be given不定式一般式的被动语态；C. to have been given不定式完成式的被动语态；D. to be giving不定式的进行时。分析句子结构可知，不定式的动词give与逻辑主语I之间是动宾关系，需选不定式的被动语态；再结合后面并列句中用到现在

56、完成时及句中逻辑关系，只有先获得提高英语的机会，才能学到很多，需选不定式完成式；所以选不定式完成式的被动语态。故选C项。25When the policeman came, I pretended _for the material so that he couldnt notice me.Ato look Bto be looking Cto have looked Dto have been looking【答案】B【详解】考查不定式。句意：当警察进来的时候，为了不让他注意我，我假装正在找材料。pretend to do“假装做某事”，此处表示正在做某事，故用进行时，故选B。26Tom r

57、eturned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him.AtoldBtellingCto be toldDbeing told【答案】C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Tom在战争结束以后回来了，结果被告知他的妻子已经离开了他。此处表示意料之外的结果，用“only+动词不定式”作结果状语，且tell与其逻辑主语Tom之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态。故选C项。27The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.Abeing completedBcomple

58、tedCto be completedDhaving been completed【答案】C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：明年竣工的机场将有助于促进这一地区的旅游业。分析句子结构可知，complete在句中应用非谓语动词形式，结合后文next year可知，此处表将来的动作，应用不定式，且与airport构成被动关系，应用to be done形式。故选C。28They dont allow _ hereThat is to say，we are not allowed _ hereAto smoke； to smokeBsmoking； smokingCto smoke； smokingDsm

59、oking； to smoke【答案】D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们不允许在这儿抽烟，也就是说，不允许我们在这儿抽烟。短语 allow doing“允许做”；allow后接动名词形式作宾语；allow sbto do“允许某人做”，此处是其被动形式sb. be allowed to do，“（某人）被允许做”，allow后接动词不定式作主语补足语。故选D项。29I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .Ato be breathedBto breatheCbreathingDbeing brea

60、thed【答案】B【详解】考查不定式。句意：我喜欢夏天早起。呼吸早晨的空气是有益于身心的。形容词后面用不定式，主动表被动，故选B。30The lecture _, a lively question-and answer session followed.Abeing givenBhad been givenCto be given Dhaving been given【答案】D【详解】考查非谓语动词用法。句意：发表演讲之后，接下来是现场提问时间。句中逻辑主语lecture与动词give是被动关系，故需要用被动语态。being given指正在进行的演讲；to be given将要发表的演讲。

61、having been given则强调时间先后，指的是此动作发生在谓语动词follow的动作之前。故选D项。31Jenny cant resist _ to buy the things that she doesnt really need while shopping.Abeing persuadedBpersuadingCto be persuadedDto persuade【答案】A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在购物时，珍妮禁不住被人劝去买她并不真正需要的东西。分析题意，根据固定搭配resist doing sth.（抵制做某事）可知，此处需填非谓语的动名词形式做宾语。另外，per

62、suade和逻辑主语之间表示被动关系。综合分析，此处需用being done的形式做宾语。故选A项。32- What made Trump so annoyed? - _ by Biden in the Presidential election.ATo be beatenBBeatingCHaving been beatenDBeing beaten【答案】D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：-是什么让特朗普如此恼火?-在总统选举中被拜登击败。分析题意，此处表示“被击败”，故排除B，此处为动名词的被动式作主语，注意A项表将来，C项只能作状语，故选D项。33The sentence needs _

63、 once more.AexplainedBto explainCbeing explainedDexplaining【答案】D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个句子需要再解释一遍。sth. needs/need/needed doing= sth. needs/need/needed to be done，表示某事需要被做，固定搭配，所以空处需用动名词explaining作宾语，主动表示被动。故选D。34What made the boy annoyed most was _ to go sightseeing alone.Ahis not allowingBhis not being al

64、lowedChis being not allowedDhaving not been allowed【答案】B【详解】考查动名词。句意：最让那个男孩生气的是不允许他一个人去观光旅行。本句是what引导的主语从句，根据句意，小男孩不被允许，所以用被动形式，动名词的否定在其前否定，故选B项。35He was disappointed to find that there was a sign on the outer door_, “No Entry.”AreadingBindicatingCwritingDimplying【答案】A【详解】考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：他失望地发现外门上有个牌子写

65、着“禁止入内”。A.reading 阅读；B.indicating 指示；C.writing 写；D.implying 暗示。分析句意可知，分析句意可知，外门上有个牌子写着“禁止入内”，可以理解为牌子上读（reading）到“禁止入内”。故选 A项。36When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with his eyes _ upon her.Aseating; fixingBseated; fixedChaving seated; fixedDto seat; f

66、ixing【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意： 当她进来时，她惊讶地发现教室里有一个陌生人，他的眼睛盯着她。分析句子结构可知，find+宾语+宾补，且a stranger 和seat之间形成动宾关系，seat sb“使某人就座”。所以第一空seated。第二空处为with的复合结构。with+宾语+宾补。fix ones eyes on/upon sb/sth“眼睛盯着”，eyes和fix形成动宾关系，所以是fixed。故选B项。37With the homework _, he was allowed to watch the football match.AfinishedBfinis

67、hingCto finishDto be finished【答案】A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作业做完后，他被允许看足球赛。分析句子结构可知，此处是with的复合结构，其构成为：with+ n+ 非谓语动词，空处动词finish与其逻辑主语homework之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词finished作宾语补足语。故选A。38All factors _ into account, your plan seems to be more reliable.Aare takenBbeing takenCtakenDtaking【答案】C【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：把所有因素都考虑进去，

68、你的计划似乎更可靠。分析句子可知，逗号前为独立主格结构，独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。takeinto account“把考虑进去”是固定用法，动词take和其逻辑主语factors之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词taken一起构成独立主格结构，作状语，修饰整个句子。故选C项。39The boy fell to the ground from the tree, his eyes _ and his hands _.Aclosing; trembledBclosed; tremblingCclosing; tremblingDclosed; trembled【答案

69、】B【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：这个男孩从树上掉到了地上，眼睛闭着，手在抖。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是独立主格结构，空格用非谓语动词。第一个空表明eyes“眼睛”是“闭着的”状态，而过去分词closed可以用作形容词，表是“闭着的”，符合题意；第二空hands“手”和tremble“颤抖”之间是主动关系，且表示 “正在颤抖”，用现在分词trembling。故选B。40The discovery of new evidence led to _.Athe thief having caughtBcatch the thiefCthe thief being caughtDthe thief

70、to be caught【答案】C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新证据的发现导致小偷被捕。由句子结构可知，此处to是介词，其需接动名词作宾语，此处the thief作动名词的逻辑主语；the thief与catch之间是被动关系，所以此处需用动名词的复合结构的被动形式。故选C。三、 真题实战演练1、 （2021年新高考八省联考）Marys sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 8 （plant）flowers in the front yard. 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝托德华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设

71、空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。2、 （2021年全国高考甲卷）It is possible 13 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。3、 （2021年全国高考甲卷）After 14 (

72、spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, 【解析】考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。4、 （2021年全国高考乙卷）Minimize the impact of 27 (visit)the place.【解析】考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词o

73、f的宾语。故填visiting。5、 （2021年全国高考乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim 30 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒

74、步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。6、 （2021年浙江高考1）Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 47 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。7、 （2021年浙江高考1）This may be due to some disadvantages for people 49 (live) in the countryside,【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。