2023年新教材高考英语 微专题练习21 语法填空 阅读理解（含解析）.docx

1、练习21语法填空阅读理解.语法填空2022全国甲卷记叙文188词AvisuallychallengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked (徒步) 40daystoXian, asafirststep1._ (journey) theBeltandRoadroute (路线) byfoot.Onthe1，100kilometerjourney, themanCaoShengkang, 2._losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident, crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.Insp

2、iredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation3._ (hold) inBeijing, Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute (致敬) totheancientSilkRoad.4._friendofhis, WuFan, volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad, inordertopromoteenvironmental5._ (protect).Caobeli

3、evesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore6._ (meaning).Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1，000plasticbottlesalongthe40dayjourney.Inthelastfiveyears, Cao7._ (walk) through34countriesinsixcontinents, andin2016, hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro, Africas8._ (high) mountain.Now, Caohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamto

4、walkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4，700kilometers9._XiantoKashgaronSept.20, 10._ (plan) tohikebacktoXianinfivemonths.阅读理解A2022开封定位考试说明文259词Pinocchiomaybejustacharacterinachildrensfairytale, butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedthesocalled“Pinocchio effect”andfoundthatourn

5、osesdontgrowwhenwetellalie, butactuallyshrinkabit.DrGmezMilnandhisteamdevelopedaliedetectortestthatusedthermography (温度记录法) totellifpeoplewerelying, andfoundthatwheneverparticipantsintheirresearchwerebeinguntruthful, thetemperatureofthetipoftheirnosedroppedupto1.2，whilethetemperatureoftheirforeheadi

6、ncreasedupto1.5.Scientistsalsofoundthatthetemperaturedropactuallycausedthenosetoslightlyshrink, althoughthedifferenceisundetectedbythehumaneye.“Onehastothinkinordertolie, whichraisesthetemperatureoftheforehead，”DrGmezMilnexplainedthefindings.“At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temper

7、ature of the nose.”Forthisstudy, researchersasked60studentstoperformvarioustaskswhiletheirtemperatureisscannedbythermalimaging (热成像) technology.Oneofthesetasksinvolvedmakinga3to4minutecalltotheirparentsorafriendandtellingasignificantlie.Participantshadtomakeuptheliethemselvesduringthecall.Interestin

8、gly, thethermalliedetectorpickedupthetemperaturedifferencein80percentofthetestsubjects, whichisabetterrateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetector.“Withthismethodwehaveachievedtheincreaseofaccuracy，”saidDrGmezMiln, whoaddedthatlawenforcementagenciescouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologieswitht

9、hermalimagingtoachievebetterresults.1WhydoesthewritertalkaboutPinocchiointhefirstparagraph?ATotellafairytale.BTogiveanexample.CTotalkaboutascientist.DTointroducethetopic.2Whatisthe“Pinocchio effect”？AOurnoseswillgrowwhenwetellalie.BOurnoseswillshrinkwhenwetellalie.CThetemperatureoftheforeheadfallsif

10、welie.DThetemperatureofthenoserisesforanxiety.3HowdidDrGmezMilnfeelabouttheliedetector?ADoubtful.BSurprised.CConfident.DPuzzled.4Whatlessondowelearnfromthetext?AAliewilltravelveryhard.BTherearemanywaystobringaliartolight.CAlieneverlivestobeold.DOncealiar, alwaysaliar.B2022吕梁联考记叙文337词ElizabethBishop,

11、 whowasfamousforthepoetryAProdigal, FillingStation, Sandpiper, Manuelzinhoandsoon, wasaninfluentialAmericanpoetofthe20thcentury.Herpoetryoftenshowsthingsthatconcernedherthroughoutherlife, suchashersearchforasenseofhome.Hertroubledchildhoodandfeelingoflonelinessfromthistimeaffectedhercharacterandpoet

12、ry.Bishopspainfulchildhoodisapparentinsomeofherpoems.Herfatherdiedwhenshewaseightmonthsoldandhermotherwasmadwhenshewasfive.Bishopwasraisedfirstlybyhermothersparentsandthenbyherfathersparents.Thisexperienceleftherconfusedaboutbelonging.Shehadnohomeandthiswasshowninherpoetry.InAProdigal, whenthecharac

13、terinthepoemmakesuphismindtogohome, thereisasenseofpessimismforBishopwhohasnohome.Thelackofasenseofhomehascontributedtoherdepressionallherlife.Bishopattemptstomakesmall, everydayexperiencesextraordinaryinherpoemssuchasFillingStation.InFillingStation, Bishopdescribesthebeautyofafamilyfillingstation.A

14、lthoughitis“dirty”，thereisorderinit.Simplefamilylifeiscelebratedinit.Sherecognizesthevalueofhomeandbeautyineverydaylife, butsheisonlyanobserverofthese.Distanceremainsbetweenherandthefamilyatthefillingstation.BishopsstruggletolocateherselfintheworldisseennomoreclearlythaninSandpiper.Itdealswithsearch

15、ingforsomethinginaconfusingworld.Sheusesthemetaphor (暗喻) ofthebirdwhichis“looking for something”.The“something”isntspecific.Itseemsasifthebirddoesntknowwhathewants; theonlycertainthingisthatheissearching.Bishopspoemsarepersonalonamoresubtle (巧妙的) level, especiallywhenherchildhood, travelsetc.aretake

16、nintoconsideration.ItisbelievedthatBishopisacomplexpoetwhousesherpoetrytofindthefeelingofbelonging.5WhatdoweknowaboutElizabethBishopschildhood?AShewasbornpoor.BShelivedanunhappylife.CHergrandparentstreatedherbadly.DHerparentsdidntloveher.6WhichofBishopspoemsshowsherloveforsimplefamilylife?ASandpiper

17、.BManueIzinho.CFillingStation.DAProdigal.7WhenreadingBishopspoems, peoplecanfindhersearchfor_AthetruenatureofhumanbeingsBahappyfamilylifeCparentalloveDthefeelingofbelonging8WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBishop?AGiftedbutpessimistic.BCleverandstrong.CUnfortunatebutkind.DCreativeanddetermined

18、.黄金考点语法填空代词考点27根据上下文逻辑推判代词形式考例Theywouldsayto_ (I) thatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIwasunwillingtoplaythegamewiththemsometimes.点拨根据句意和后边的关键词to和提示词I可知，表示“我”，再根据介词to应填me。考点28根据上下文判断代词的形式考例Ihaddone_ (mine) homework, butIwasshy.点拨修饰名词homework作定语，应用形容词性物主代词my来修饰。考点29动词短语固定用法考例Butsheinsistsonus_

19、(eat) healthyfood.点拨由语境可知，是母亲关心家里的每个人的健康，坚持要我们吃健康的食物。insistonsb.doingsth.或insistonsbsdoingsth.是固定用法，故应填eating。练习21语法填空阅读理解.语法填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。1答案与解析：tojourney考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填tojourne

20、y。2答案与解析：who考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为CaoShengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。3答案与解析：held考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。4答案与解析

21、：A考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。5答案与解析：protection考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。6答案与解析：meaningful考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足

22、语。故填meaningful。7答案与解析：haswalked考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语inthelastfiveyears可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填haswalked。8答案与解析：highest考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africas可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。9答案与解析：from

23、考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和XiantoKashgar可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from.to.表示“从到”。故填from。10答案与解析：planning考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。.阅读理解A1答案与解析：D由文章开头内容可推知，作者在第一段谈到匹诺曹是为

24、了引出本文的话题。2答案与解析：A根据第一段中的“.butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedthesocalledPinocchioeffect andfoundthatournosesdontgrowwhenwetellalie, butactuallyshrinkabit.”可知。3答案与解析：C根据最后一段的内容可知，GmezMiln博士对这款测谎仪很有信心。4答案与解析：B根据最后一段中的“. who added that law enforcement agencies could one day

25、 combine other lie detection technologies with thermal imaging to achieve better results.”可知。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国著名女诗人伊丽莎白毕肖普痛苦的童年时代给她的诗歌所带来的影响。5答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句及第二段对毕肖普童年的描述可知，她的童年很不幸福。故B项正确。6答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句至第五句可知，在作品加油站中，毕肖普描述了家庭加油站的美好，她认识到家庭的价值和日常生活中的美好。故C项正确。7答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第四段第一句

26、可知，毕肖普努力地确定自己在这个世界上的位置；根据最后一段最后一句“It is believed that Bishop is a complex poet who uses her poetry to find the feeling of belonging.”可知，人们认为毕肖普是一个用诗歌来寻找归属感的情感复杂的诗人。故D项正确。8答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，毕肖普很有天赋；根据第二段最后一句“The lack of a sense of home has contributed to her depression all her life.”以及文章对她的生活和诗歌的描述可知，毕肖普很悲观。故A项正确。