2022版高中英语 Unit 4 Earthquakes Learning about Language学案 新人教版必修1.doc

1、Unit 4EarthquakesLearning about Language限制性定语从句()观察上面对话, 并类比填空: 1. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? 2. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 一、定语从句概述定语从句关系词定义在主从复合句中, 对某一名词或代词起修饰限制作用的从句关系代词who; whom; whose; which; that; as关系副词when; where; why可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句本单元

2、主要学习关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose引导的限制性定语从句任何一个经验丰富的语言学习者都会告诉你, 掌握一门外语的美妙之处在于它为你打开的世界。Dr. Rowan的秘书两周前辞职了, 所以他不得不自己打字。关系词通常有下列三个作用: (1)引导定语从句; (2)代替先行词; (3)在定语从句中充当一个成分。 合并句子。(1)The man is a miner. He lives opposite our house. The man who/that lives opposite our house is a miner. (2)He will visit

3、 the famous dam next month. It was built in 1900. He will visit the famous dam next month which/that was built in 1900. (3)I want to talk to the boys. Their homework hasnt been handed in. I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasnt been handed in. 二、关系代词的基本用法关系代词所指代(即先行词)在定语从句中所作的句子成分who人主语、宾语wh

4、om人宾语which物主语、宾语that人/物主语、宾语、表语whose人/物定语*Any man that/who has a sense of duty will be concerned about this item. 任何有责任感的人都会关注这个项目。*The rescue worker (whom/that/who) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的救援人员已经来了。*Mary is fond of music that/which is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。*I frequently visit a sci

5、entist whose name is known all over the country. 我经常拜访一位全国知名的科学家。(1)关系代词that可指人, 也可以指物, 可与关系词which/who/whom互换, 但是不可直接放在介词的后面作宾语; (2)作宾语时who与whom可互换, 若紧跟在介词后面则使用whom; whom在从句中不作主语; (3)关系代词作宾语时可省略(与介词连用时除外)。语法填空。(1)(2019浙江高考)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth which/that gives off lig

6、ht in the dark. (2)(2019全国卷)They were well trained by their masters who/that had great experience with caring for these animals. (3)(2019全国卷)In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment that/which is created for them. 三、关系代词只用that而不用which的情况 1. 当先行词为all, everything, not

7、hing, anything, little, much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。*All that you must keep in mind is that you must be buried in your research. 你必须记住的所有的事情是你必须专心于你的研究。2. 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。*He was the first survivor that was dug out from the ruins. 他是从废墟中被挖出的第一个幸存者。3. 当先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。

8、*The only thing that we can do is give in to our parents ideas. 我们唯一能做的事情就是服从父母的观点。4. 当先行词既指人又指物时。*I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚地记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。5. 当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时, 为避免重复而用that。*Who is the man that came to rescue you in this disaster? 在这次灾难中救

9、你的人是谁? 6. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。*Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. 上海不再是过去的样子了。语法填空。(1)(2019全国卷)In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. (2)(2019天津高考)Students at the school sometimes come up to him to tell him about something that happened at br

10、eak. . 单句语法填空1. Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? 2. I read a report about his new novel that/which will soon be published. 3. The plan (that/which) they argued about was settled at last. 4. This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you.

11、 5. The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. 6. She is probably the hardest-working student that I have ever taught. 7. This is the very grammar book that I want to buy. 8. It is the first American movie of this kind that Ive ever seen. . 完成句子(使用定语从句)1. This girl is f

12、amiliar to me; maybe she is the girl (who/whom/that)I met in the street (我在大街上见到的)yesterday. 2. This is the very plan for the holidays that was suggested by his brother(由他哥哥建议的). 3. Those who bring us happiness (带给我们快乐的)should be loved. 4. This is one of the most interesting films that were shown la

13、st week(上周放映的). 5. The doctor who/that treated me(给我治病的) was very experienced. 6. The doctor whose name is Zhong Nanshan(那位名叫钟南山的) has made a great contribution to our countrys medical affairs. 7. She is the girl whom/who/that I have come to know at the club(我在俱乐部认识的). 8. Mrs Roberts gave away bread

14、 and cakes that/which she baked(她烘烤的) to the poor in her community. 使用本单元所学语法翻译下面语段Here are some guidelines 1. that help you keep safe during an earthquake(帮助你在地震中保持安全的). Firstly, dont be nervous and keep calm. Try to get into an open area away from trees, buildings, walls, signs, power lines and an

15、ything else 2. that might fall on you(可能会落在你身上的) if you are outdoors. Secondly, if you are indoors, stay there. Quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk. Cover your head and neck with your arms. The goal is 3. to protect yourself from falling objects(保护自己不受坠落物的伤害). Thirdly, never use the lift. Though we cant stop earthquakes, we can reduce the damage 4. that earthquakes bring us(地震带给我们的) if we take right measures.