2022版高中英语人教版（浙江专用）一轮学案：必修2 UNIT 3 COMPUTERS WORD版含解析.doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 3Computers主题: 人与社会子话题: 科学与技术对应教材: 必修2Unit 3Computers; 必修5Unit 3Life in the future; 选修7Unit 2Robots; 选修8Unit 3Inventors and inventions重点单词巧记. 核心单词1. calculate vt. 计算2. sum n. 总数; 算术题; 金额3. technology n. 工艺; 科技; 技术4. solve vt. 解决; 解答5.

2、 reality n. 真实; 事实; 现实6. mobile adj. 可移动的; 机动的7. anyhow adv. (也作anyway)无论如何; 即使如此8. goal n. 目标; 目的; 球门; (进球)得分9. happiness n. 幸福; 快乐10. signal vi. &vt. 发信号, 信号11. downloadvt. 下载. 拓展单词1. operator n. (电脑)操作员; 接线员 operate v. 操作; 经营 operation n. 操作; 经营2. simplify vt. 简化 simple adj. 简单的3. logical adj. 合逻

3、辑的; 合情理的 logically adv. 逻辑上; 合逻辑地; 有条理地4. intelligent adj. 智能的; 聪明的 intelligence n. 智力; 聪明; 智能5. total adj. 总的; 整个的n. 总数; 合计 vt. 共计; 总计; 把加起来 totally adv. 完全地; 整个地6. personal adj. 私人的; 个人的; 亲自的 personally adv. 就个人而言; 亲自 personality n. 个性; 性格; 名人7. application n. 应用; 用途; 申请 apply v. 应用; 涉及; 申请 applic

4、ant n. 申请人; 求职者核心短语闪记1. from. . . on从时起2. in a way在某种程度上 3. with the help of. . . 在的帮助下4. deal with处理; 安排; 对付; 应付5. watch over看守; 监视; 照管6. provide. . . with. . . 给提供7. have. . . in common有共同之处8. share. . . with. . . 与分享 9. as a result结果10. make up弥补; 编造; 打扮; 构成经典句式速记1. 【句型公式】: before引导的状语从句I develop

5、ed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built (差不多用了两百年我才被制成)as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. 2. 【句型公式】: as引导状语从句 As time went by(随着时间的流逝), I was made smaller. 3. 【句型公式】: so/such. . . that. . . 引导结果状语从句And my memory became so large that (如此庞大以至于)even I couldnt be

6、lieve it! 1. all相关短语荟萃after all毕竟in all总共; 总计above all首先; 最重要的是first of all首先2. 以“-ify”结尾的动词荟萃simplify简化beautify美化purify净化identify鉴定; 识别出classify分类. 细品味经典文章Science and technology plays an important role in peoples daily life. If you compare the life of people today with that in the past, it is easy

7、to see that science and technology have done a great deal to improve the quality of peoples life. For example, computers have become our good friends: with the help of computers, people all over the world are able to share whatever information on the net, which shortens the distance between them. Wi

8、th the invention of radio and TV, people now can stay at home to get themselves informed about both domestic and international news. But as a coin has two sides, technology can also have an negative influence upon peoples life. Now technology crimes are very common. Whats more, the nuclear bomb thre

9、atens our human existence. So I think we must pay enough attention to the misuse of technology. In spite of its disadvantages, we should admit that technology is very useful. Without science and technology, mans life would not be as convenient as today. . 按要求完成任务1. 写出文章中表示“任何事情都有两面性”的句子。A coin has t

10、wo sides. 2. 你认为科技的弊端是什么? Technology crimes are very common. Whats more, the nuclear bomb threatens our human existence. . 重点词汇1. solve vt. 解决; 解答【教材原句】In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical pro

11、blem. (P18)1936年, 我的生父艾伦图灵(ALAN TURING)写了一本书, 讲述如何让我像一台万能机器一样工作, 解决任何困难的数学问题。【词块必记】(1)solve problems解决问题(2)solutionn. 解决办法; 处理手段a/the solution to sth. 的解决方法【语境速测】 单句语法填空Solving (solve) the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. With most of the problems s

12、olved (solve), I felt a great weight taken off my mind. It may take a long time to find a solution (solve) to the problem. To be honest, Im at a loss how to solve(solve)the problem. 2. signal vi. &vt. 发信号n. 信号【典型例句】To Westerners whove grown up with traffic signals, red means “stop” and sometimes eve

13、n “danger”, whereas in China, red is the color of good luck. 红色在交通信号灯中的意思是“停止”, 在西方人的眼中, 红色有时还意味着“危险”, 而在中国, 红色是代表好运当头的颜色。【词块必记】(1)signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事signal (to) sb. that. . . 示意某人(2) give a signal (to sb. )(向某人)发信号【语境速测】 单句语法填空She signaled that she was about to turn left. As soon as

14、he sat down at the table, he signaled to the waiter to bring the menu. 句式升级The bell rang, and signaled that school was over. The bell rang, which signaled that school was over. (非限制性定语从句)The bell rang, signaling that school was over. (分词作状语)3. arise vi. (arose, arisen, arising)出现; 发生; 引起; 产生; 起身; 起床

15、【典型例句】Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises. 然后她准备可靠的行动, 以应对新情况的出现。【词块必记】(1)arise from=arise out of由引起/产生; 从中产生(2)arise from ones chair/seat 从椅子/座位上站起(3)arise为不及物动词, 表示“出现, 发生”时, 主语一般为argument, difficulty, misunderstanding, problem, quarrel, trouble等抽象名词, 无被动语态。【语境速测】 单句语

16、法填空To our great surprise, many problems have arisen(arise) ever since the host was replaced. 句式升级休息时, 他开始处理课上出现的问题。(arise)At break, he got down to dealing with the matters arising from his class. (分词作定语)At break, he got down to dealing with the matters which arose from his class. (定语从句). 核心短语4. as a

17、 result结果【教材原句】As a result I totally changed my shape. (P18)因此, 我彻底改变了我的外形。【词块必记】(1)as a result of因为; 由于(2)result in导致; 造成result from由造成; 起因于【名师点津】(1)as a result意为“因此, 结果”, 是介词短语, 常作状语。(2)as a result of意为“由于”, 是介词短语, 表示原因, 只能接名词/代词/动名词及what引导的名词性从句。【语境速测】 单句语法填空As a result, people will eat more food

18、 to try to make up for that something missing. Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result of doing too much shopping. 句型转换He was too careless; as a result, he failed the English test. He failed the English test as a result of carelessness. His carelessness resulted in his failure in the English test

19、. His failure in the English test resulted from his carelessness. . 经典句式5. And my memory became so large that even I couldnt believe it! 我的存储量变得如此之大, 连我自己都不能相信! 【句型公式】so/such. . . that. . . 引导结果状语从句, 意为“如此以至于”。(1)so. . . that. . . 句型的常见形式: so+adj. /adv. +that. . . so+adj. +a/an+n. +that. . . so+many

20、/much/few/little(少)+n. +that. . . (2)such. . . that. . . 句型的常见形式: such+a/an+adj. +n. +that. . . such+adj. +n. (复数或不可数)+that. . . (3)当so/such放在句首时, 主句要用部分倒装语序。【语境速测】 单句语法填空She spoke so quietly that I could hardly hear her. He took so many boxes with him that he had to call a taxi. He is so good a stu

21、dent that we all like him. They are such little boys and eat so little food that we all love them very much. 句型转换It was so cold a day that there was nobody in the street. It was such a cold day that there was nobody in the street. (用such. . . that. . . 改写)【备选要点】1. total adj. 总的; 整个的n. 总数; 合计【典型例句】Th

22、e club has a total membership of 300. 这家俱乐部的成员总数为300人。【词块必记】(1)in total=in all总计; 总共(2)total up=add up=amount算出总数 total (up) to=add up to=amount to共计达; 总额为(3)totally adv. 完全地【语境速测】 单句语法填空The match was so wonderful that he was totally(total) carried away. I am in total disagreement with you as to the

23、 value of your plan. 完成句子Your bill for tonights dinner totals (up) to /adds up to/ amounts to (总计达)288 yuan. 2. goal n. 目标; 目的; 球门; (进球)得分【典型例句】A life without a goal is like a boat without paddles, you move, but you dont know where you will be in the next minute. 没有目标的生活就像没有桨的船, 你在移动但不知道下一分钟你会在哪里。【词

24、块必记】set a goal in life 确定生活目标achieve/realize/reach ones goal实现某人的目标score a goal进球得分【语境速测】 单句语法填空With a goal in mind, you will be amazed at how stimulated and uplifted you feel. A successful person usually makes many mistakes before his goal is achieved(achieve). 完成句子You should spare no effort and ne

25、ver give up easily until you achieve/realize/ reach your goal. 你应该不遗余力, 决不轻易放弃, 直到你实现了目标。3. in a way在某种程度上; 从某一角度看【教材原句】In a way our programmer is like our coach. (P23)从某种程度上说, 我们的程序就像是我们的教练。【词块必记】all the way一路上; 自始至终; 完全by the way顺便说一下in no way一点也不; 决不(位于句首时, 句子应使用部分倒装)in this way用这种方法in the way挡道;

26、 碍事on the way在途中【语境速测】 用way短语填空 In a way, the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work. Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always in the way whenever she tries to. He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hote

27、l for the night. 完成句子In no way should you lose heart when you are faced with difficulties. 面对困难时, 你决不应该失去信心。4. deal with处理; 安排; 对付; 应付; 论及; 涉及; 与打交道; 做买卖【教材原句】This means that it should clean the house, mop the floors, cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls. (P24)这意味着它应该打扫房间, 拖地板, 做饭和接电话。【词块必记

28、】(1)deal in做生意; 经营; 买卖(2)make a deal达成协议; 做成交易Its a deal. 成交; 一言为定。(3)a great/good deal of许多; 大量(后接不可数名词)a great/good deal许多; 大量(用作主语、宾语或状语)【知识拓展】deal with, do with都有“处理”的意思。deal with常和how连用, do with常与what连用。【语境速测】 单句语法填空 How should you deal with the problem caused by an offensive email? We dont kno

29、w what to do with the waste paper. A great deal of money has been spent(spend) on food so far. 完成句子 We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. We may have various ways to deal with such a situation. 对于组织班级活动我们或许有不同的观点。我们也许有不同的方法来解决这一情况。5. As time went by, I was made smaller. (P18

30、)随着时间的推移, 我被弄得越来越小。【句型公式】as作连词, 有以下用法: (1)“当时候; 一边一边; 随着”, 引导时间状语从句。(2)“按照的方式(办法); 如同”, 引导方式状语从句。(3)“因为; 既然”, 引导原因状语从句。(4)“尽管”, 引导让步状语从句。(5)引导比较状语从句, 常用于as. . . as. . . 句型, 意为“像一样”(第一个as是副词, 第二个as是连词)。【名师点津】当as引导让步状语从句时, 从句使用部分倒装, 即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面; 单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词。【语境速测】 完成句子As I was busy prepa

31、ring for my exam, I didnt reply to your email as soon as I received it. 因为我正忙着准备考试, 我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。He did not need to keep moving house, as his father had. 他不用像他父亲那样不停地搬家了。Child as he is, he knows how to help others. 他虽是个孩子, 却知道如何帮助别人。句型转换 As time went on/by, he contented himself with a simple life

32、. =With time going on/by, he contented himself with a simple life. . 单句语法填空1. (2020全国卷)Dont take it personally (personal). 2. (2020新高考全国卷)The solution (solve), of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime. 3. (2020江苏高考)When Wilson returned home from hospital two

33、 months later, his parents attempted to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had happened to their lives. 4. (2020江苏高考)The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, allowing for a new generation of virtual reality (real). 5. (2020江苏高考)Their lifestyles were typical (type) of ordinary people. . 完成句子1.

34、 (2019北京高考)We need to deal with (处理)the insecure nature of our telecom networks. 2. (2019北京高考)Some students dont have a reliable car, while others have to share vehicles with parents (与父母共用) who work six days a week. 3. (2019江苏高考)After all(毕竟), not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, f

35、eelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. 4. (2018全国卷)If you work out (锻炼) in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep. 5. (2017江苏高考)You might think that developing nations would make up the loss(弥补这些损失) (especially since

36、80% of the worlds people now live in such nations), but youd be wrong. . 语法填空We are faced with universal technological revolution. We are surrounded by electronics devices. We use calculators 1. to solve (solve) maths questions, which makes calculation easier. With the help of computers, we can deal

37、 2. with electronic mails and explore the world. AI (artificial intelligence) has simplified our life in 3. a way. In reality, almost every young person has a mobile phone. The sum is 4. totally (total) amazing. 5. Personally (personal), we should use our phones properly. But some people are crazy 6

38、. about their mobile phones. They often walk on the busy streets, 7. typing (type) messages now and then. 8. As a result, many accidents are caused now. In order to keep us safe and 9. healthy(health), wed better use electronic devices wisely 10. from now on. 核心素养培养创新精神, 掌握先进技术吸取先进的理念, 树立科学的学习方法高考链接

39、2020浙江高考阅读理解B; 2019全国卷阅读理解C; 2018天津高考阅读理解C; 2018全国卷阅读理解D; 2018北京高考阅读理解D. 话题与阅读理解(2019全国卷阅读理解C)As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are

40、 still expensive, though. Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offe

41、r a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer its connected toreg

42、ardless of whether someone gets the password right. It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four t

43、imes using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like

44、parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一种新的科技智能键盘, 它能给e-space用户带来安全, 而且这项技术也不贵。1. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard? A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing. C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-

45、space protection. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段的At present, these technologies are still expensive, though. 和第二段的Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. 可知, 研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选D。2. What makes the invention of th

46、e smart keyboard possible? A. Computers are much easier to operate. B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. C. Typing patterns vary from person to person. D. Data security measures are guaranteed. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的The keyboard could offer. . . the keyboard can determine peoples identities

47、可知, 由于每个人的打字方式不同, 使得智能键盘能够识别人的身份。故选C。3. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard? A. Itll be environment-friendly. B. Itll reach consumers soon. C. Itll be made of plastics. D. Itll help speed up typing. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 可知, 研究者们

48、希望智能键盘能早日面世。故选B。4. Where is this text most likely from? A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A novel. D. A magazine. 【解析】选D。文章出处题。本文介绍了一种新的科技智能键盘, 它能给e-space用户带来安全, 由此可知, 本文是一篇关于科技的文章, 结合所给选项可知, 本文可能来自一本杂志。故选D。【微技能点拨】捕捉关联信息明晰作者意图1. 根据文体类别判断写作目的。广告类文章一般是为了推销; 故事类文体往往通过词汇的感情色彩表达特定的意义; 说明类文体一般是为了普及和推广; 议论文的目

49、的往往是表达一种观点、立场、态度或看法等。2. 从写作手法上判断作者意图。根据文章的写作手法(比如: 倒叙、设问、举例、比喻、引用、对比等)判断作者的写作意图。3. 利用语篇标志词判断上下文的逻辑关系(but, yet, so, because, in fact, however等)。以本文第1题为例, 解题策略如下: Step 1根据问题定位关联信息: these technologies are still expensive, though; they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem. S

50、tep 2对比选项找最佳: 尝试解答: D。【语用提能】话题词汇identity; fingerprint; security; unique; type; recognize短语come up with; get around; regardless of; be familiar with; based on; make it to market【微语法填空】(2019全国卷阅读理解C改编)Nowadays, biometric technologies-like fingerprint scans-are 1. _ (wide) used to prevent identity thef

51、t. However, these technologies are still expensive 2. _(use). In order to cut down the cost of protecting personal information, researchers came up 3. _ a low-cost device, a smart keyboard that can record and analyse the users habit of using the keyboard. Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples ide

52、ntities, and whether they should 4. _ (give) access to the computer its connected to, regardless of 5. _ someone gets the password right. This technology has been tested with 100 volunteers and proved efficient and precise. The 6. _ (researcher) hope to make it to market in the near future. 1. 【解析】w

53、idely。考查词性转换。此处为副词作状语, 修饰动词used。2. 【解析】to use。考查不定式。“形容词+不定式”为习惯搭配。3. 【解析】with。考查固定搭配。come up with为固定搭配。4. 【解析】be given。考查被动语态。they 和give access to之间为被动关系。5. 【解析】whether。考查宾语从句。句意: 不管某人是否输入正确的密码。此处为whether 引导的宾语从句。6. 【解析】researchers。考查名词复数。此处复指上文提到的研究人员, 为复数。. 话题与写作(2018天津高考改编)假设你是晨光中学机器人兴趣小组的组长李津,

54、你的朋友Chris曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。请写封邮件邀请他加入你的团队, 参加即将在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。内容包括: (1)比赛的时间、地点; (2)邀请他的原因。注意: (1)词数80左右; (2)可适当加入细节, 使内容充实、行文连贯。参考词汇: 世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics CompetitionStep 1写作技巧词汇提升(高级词汇, 短语优先)Our team needs your help very much. Our team is desperately in need of your help. 句式多变

55、 (使用非谓语动词)I will email you our training plan soon and hope you can offer some constructive suggestions regarding it. I will email you our training plan soon, hoping you can offer some constructive suggestions regarding it. 逻辑严谨(衔接词的使用)I know you once participated in a robotics competition and won th

56、e award. You must have accumulated much experience in it. I know you once participated in a robotics competition and won the award, so you must have accumulated much experience in it. Step 2妙笔成篇(尽量使用本单元所学知识点)Dear Chris, I have good news to tell you. The World Adolescent Robotics Competition is to be

57、 held in Tianjin at the end of this July. I know you once participated in a robotics competition and won the award, so you must have accumulated much experience in it. Our team is desperately in need of your help. So as the group leader, I sincerely invite you to join us. I am convinced that with ou

58、r joint efforts we can undoubtedly get good results. Im looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Jin阅读理解The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue, Washington, generally dont flash the same length of green twice in a row, especially at rush hour. At 9: 30 am, the full red/yellow/green

59、signal cycle might be 140 seconds. By 9: 33 am, a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. Less traffic at 9: 37 am could push it down to 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes. That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-growing city just east of Seattle, uses

60、 a system that is gaining popularity around the US: intersection (十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions. These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home. “Adaptive signals can make sure

61、 that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed, ” says Alex Stevanovic, a researcher at Florida Atlantic University. For all of Bellevues success, adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways. Kevin Balke, a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute

62、, says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. “Its not going to fix everything, but adaptive signals have some benefits for smaller cities, ” he says

63、. In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. In the past, there was often an automatic reaction to increased traffic: just widen the roads, says Mark Poch, the Bellevue Transportation Departments traffic engineering manager. Now he hopes t

64、hat other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger. 【文章大意】美国华盛顿州贝尔维尤市的交通信号灯可以根据交通流量变化时间。1. What does the underlined word “That” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Increased length of green lights. B. Shortened traffic signal cycle. C. Flexible timing of traff

65、ic signals. D. Smooth traffic flow on the road. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。That指的是第一段中提到的交通信号灯的时间可以调节变换这件事。故选C。2. What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals? A. They work better on broad roads. B. They should be used in other cities. C. They have greatly reduced traffic on the road. D. They are less helpful

66、 in cities seriously jammed. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段Kevin Balke的话可知, 他认为, 虽然智能信号灯对于一些城市, 尤其是小城市有帮助, 但对于非常堵塞的城市来说, 作用不是很大, 他认为这些过度堵塞的城市需要的是路上车辆的锐减。故选D。3. What can we learn from Bellevues success? A. It is rewarding to try new things. B. The old methods still work today. C. It pays to put theory into pract

67、ice. D. The simplest way is the best way. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. 可知, 转换为可调节的信号灯在获得新方法的价值方面给我们上了一堂课。由此可知, 尝试新事物是值得的。故选A。【难句剖析】Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed. 分析: make sure后面是that引导的宾语从句, 在宾语从句中that is there是定语从句修饰the traffic demand。翻译: 变化的信号灯能确保那里现有的交通需求得到满足。关闭Word文档返回原板块