新课标2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业11_1Friendship新人教版必修1.doc

1、课时作业1 1-1 Friendship.阅读下列各句，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的适当形式。1Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car_(wash)2Youd better add _ your scores and see if you have passed the exam.3I suggest that he should calm _，or else he could make things worse.4With more and more forests disappeari

2、ng, today the public is much concerned _ the way nature is being ruined.5While _(stay)in the village，Jams selflessly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything in return.6Not until he went_ real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.7He set

3、_ everything he went _ in the small town.8There was a time _ the sky was blue and the air was clean.9He let out the secret _ purpose _ order to earn money.10It was the first time she _(witness) such a heavy snowstorm.11I often talk with my daughter face _ face _ dusk.12Being injured in the leg made

4、_ impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.13We suffered _ a series of natural disasters in the 1980s.14Tired _ switching from one company to another, he finally found a permanent job in the government.15I had trouble _ (figure) out what he meant.16We fell _ love with the village and got along wel

5、l _ the local people.17Its no pleasure _ (go) camping on such a foggy day.18My mother _ (entire) devoted herself to helping the poor children.19He worked _ (outdoor) and got sunburnt.20The two brothers look _ (exact) alike.答案1washed2.up3.down4.about5.staying6through7.down; through8.when9.on; in10had

6、 witnessed11. to; at12.it13.from14of15.(in) figuring16.in; with17.going18entirely19.outdoors20.exactly.阅读理解A(2018年高考课标全国卷)Weve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane，surrounded by people who are, like us，deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the unc

7、omfortable silence.Whats the problem? Its possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging, or we think its annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers，conside

8、r that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say its an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for soci

9、al communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk，” he explains, “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just com

10、municate with them.”In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with

11、their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “Its not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband，” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our wellbeing also.”Dunn believes

12、 that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis of good manners，” he says.1What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?AAddicti

13、on to smartphones.BInappropriate behaviours in public places.CAbsence of communication between strangers.DImpatience with slow service.2What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?AShowing good manners.BRelating to other people.CFocusing on a topic.DMaking business deals.3What

14、does the coffeeshop study suggest about small talk?AIt improves family relationships.BIt raises peoples confidence.CIt matters as much as a formal talk.DIt makes people feel good.4What is the best title for the text?AConversation CountsBWays of Making Small TalkCBenefits of Small TalkDUncomfortable

15、Silence答案与解析本篇是关于人际交往的说明文，主题是讲闲聊的重要性。1C细节理解题。根据题干的关键词“first paragraph”定位到文章的第一段，根据内容surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence, 表达含义是：围绕着一些，就像我们这样的，专注手机的人或者更为糟糕的是在这种令人不舒服的寂静中挣扎，所以选项C正确。2B细节理解题。根据题干的关键词“successful sm

16、all talk 和Carducci” 定位到文章的第三段Carducci所说的三句话，分别是small talk is the grease for social communication; almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk; 最核心的句子是最后一句：The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them. 表达含义

17、是：成功谈话的关键是学会如何和别人产生联系而不仅仅是和他们交流，所以选项B正确。3D细节理解题。根据题干的关键词“coffeeshop study” 定位到文章的第四段，根据两组对比产生的结果：The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. 表达含义是：结果显示这些和服务员闲聊的人都会报告说有更积极的感受和更好的咖啡店的体验，所以选项D正确。4C主旨大意题

18、。根据题干的关键词“best title”得知这是一道主旨大意题，所以这道题只有纵观全文，当然可以借助前面两道题的题干知道文章关键词就是“small talk”，所以锁定B和C项，再结合文章大意得知文章重点描述：闲聊的好处而非如何进行闲聊，所以选项C正确。BThe worlds population is projected to reach 11 billion by the end of the century.Feeding that many people will be a challenge, and it is further complicated by the impact

19、of climate change on agriculture. That is why some people advocate an unusual way to boost the food supply and feed people sustainably by eating less meat and more insects.About 2 billion people already eat bugs. Mexicans enjoy chillytoasted grasshoppers. Thais tuck into cricket stirfries and Ghanai

20、ans snack on termites. Insects are slowly creeping on to Western menus as novelty items, but most people remain squeamish(拘谨)Yet there are three reasons why eating insects makes sense.First, they are healthier than meat. There are nearly 2，000 kinds of edible insects, many of them packed with protei

21、n, calcium, fiber, iron and zinc. A small serving of grasshoppers can contain about the same amount of protein as a similar sized serving of beef, but has far less fat and far fewer calories.Second, raising insects is cheap, or free. Little technology or investment is needed to produce them. Harvest

22、ing insects could provide livelihoods to some of the worlds poorest people.Finally, insects are far more sustainable source of food than livestock. Livestock production accounts for nearly a fifth of all greenhouse gas emissions, thats more than transport. By contrast, insects produce relatively few

23、 greenhouse gases and raising them requires much less land and water. And they eat almost anything.Despite all this, most Westerners find insects hard to swallow.One solution is to use protein extracted from bugs in other products such as ready meals and pasta sauces. Not having to look at the bugs

24、and emphasizing the environmental benefits might make the idea of eating insects a bit more palatable.5What is the direct reason why some people advocate eating insects?AInsufficient food supply.BClimate change.CThe rapid increase of population.DInsects high nutrition.6From the passage, we can infer

25、 that_Aeating insects is healthier than eating beefBeating insects is popular among westernersCeating insects can help people lose weightDeating insects causes less damage to the environment7How can we make it more acceptable to eat insects?ABy closing your eyes when eating insects.BBy eating insect

26、s together with other food.CBy putting insects nutrients into other food products.DBy considering the environmental benefits of eating insects.答案与解析这篇文章主要讲了由于未来世界人口的持续增长，导致食物供应不足，所以有人提议吃昆虫，并且对吃昆虫的好处进行了分析。5A细节理解题。根据Feeding that many people will be a challenge, and it is further complicated by the imp

27、act of climate change on agriculture. That is why some people advocate an unusual way to boost the food supply and feed people sustainably by eating less meat and more insects.可知一些人提倡吃昆虫的最直接的原因就是食物供应不足，选A。6D推理判断题。由By contrast, insects produce relatively few greenhouse gases and raising them requires

28、 much less land and water. And they eat almost anything.可推断出人类吃昆虫对环境造成的危害更少，选D。7C细节理解题。由One solution is to use protein extracted from bugs in other products such as ready meals and pasta sauces. Not having to look at the bugs and emphasizing the environmental benefits might make the idea of eating i

29、nsects a bit more palatable.可知把昆虫的营养放入其他食物里，这样我们更容易接受吃昆虫，选C。.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2018年高考课标全国卷)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years_1_(long) than nonrunners. You dont have to run fast or for long_2_(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke

30、, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _3_ (die) early by running.While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it _4_ (be) more effective at lengthening life _5_ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _6_ showe

31、d a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all _7_ (cause)The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise. its probably running. To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercises to _8_ (strength)your leg muscles

32、(肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap，easy and its always _9_ (energy)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give _10_ a try.答案与解析本文为说明文。文章介绍了跑步对人们保持身体健康的好处。1longer考查比较级。由than可以得出答案。2to see考

33、查非谓语动词。你不一定要跑得很快或者跑得很久才能见效。to see 是目的状语。3dying考查非谓语动词。of是介词，介词后边用动词ing形式。4is考查谓语动词。宾语从句时态为一般现在时，主语是it，得出答案。5than考查介词。由前文中的more可以得出这句话是比较级，缺少一个标志词than。6that/which考查连词。首先判断出这是定语从句，先行词是study，定语从句中作主语，所以用that或者which皆可。7causes考查名词的单复数。由修饰词all可以得出用复数。8strengthen考查词类转换。strength的动词形式是strengthen。9energetic考查词类转换。energy的形容词形式。10it/running考查代词。it作形式宾语，指代running。